vishay_10k.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
or
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO
SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the transition
period from _______ to _______
Commission file
number 1-7416
Vishay Intertechnology,
Inc.
(Exact name of
registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
38-1686453 |
(State or other jurisdiction
of |
(IRS employer identification
no.) |
incorporation or organization) |
|
|
63 Lancaster Avenue |
Malvern, Pennsylvania
19355-2143 |
(Address of principal executive
offices) |
|
(610) 644-1300 |
(Registrant’s telephone number,
including area code) |
Securities registered pursuant to
Section 12(b) of the Act: |
Common Stock, $0.10 par
value |
New York Stock
Exchange |
(Title of class) |
(Exchange on which
registered) |
Securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check
mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405
of the Securities Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not
required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o No x
Note – Checking the
box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports under Section
13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those
Sections.
Indicate by check
mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check
mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter)
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check
mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K
(Section 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check
mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of
“accelerated filer”, “large accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company”
in Rule 12b-2 of the Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x |
Non-accelerated filer o |
Accelerated filer o |
Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by checkmark
whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes o
No x
The aggregate market
value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the
price at which the common equity was last sold as of the last business day of
the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter ($6.83 on June
27, 2009), assuming conversion of all of its Class B common stock held by
non-affiliates into common stock of the registrant, was $1,176,000,000. There is
no non-voting stock outstanding.
As of February 25,
2010, registrant had 172,288,582 shares of its common stock and 14,352,839
shares of its Class B common stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED
BY REFERENCE
Portions of the
registrant’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed within 120 days of
December 31, 2009, are incorporated by reference into Part III.
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blank.
-2-
Vishay Intertechnology,
Inc.
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2009
CONTENTS
PART I |
|
|
Item 1. |
Business |
5 |
Item 1A. |
Risk Factors |
17 |
Item 1B. |
Unresolved
Staff Comments |
24 |
Item 2. |
Properties |
25 |
Item 3. |
Legal Proceedings |
27 |
Item 4. |
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
28 |
Executive Officers of the
Registrant |
28 |
|
PART II |
|
|
Item
5. |
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity,
Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities |
29 |
Item 6. |
Selected Financial Data |
31 |
Item 7. |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
33 |
Item 7A. |
Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
64 |
Item 8. |
Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data |
66 |
Item 9. |
Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure |
66 |
Item 9A. |
Controls
and Procedures |
67 |
Item 9B. |
Other Information |
67 |
|
PART III |
|
|
Item 10. |
Directors,
Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance |
68 |
Item 11. |
Executive
Compensation |
68 |
Item
12. |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial
Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |
68 |
Item 13. |
Certain Relationships and
Related Transactions, and Director Independence |
68 |
Item 14. |
Principal
Accounting Fees and Services |
68 |
|
PART IV |
|
|
Item 15. |
Exhibits,
Financial Statement Schedules |
69 |
|
SIGNATURES |
73 |
|
Consolidated Financial
Statements |
|
Reports of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm |
F-2 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of
December 31, 2009 and 2008 |
F-4 |
Consolidated Statements of Operations
for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 |
F-6 |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 |
F-7 |
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’
Equity for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 |
F-8 |
Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements |
F-10 |
-3-
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-4-
PART I
Item 1. BUSINESS
General
Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. (“Vishay,” the “Company, “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a
leading international manufacturer and supplier of semiconductors and passive
electronic components. Semiconductors include rectifiers; diodes; transistors;
integrated circuits (“ICs”) such as power ICs, and analog switches; modules that
contain several different types of semiconductors in a single package; and
optoelectronic products such as infrared (“IR”) emitters and detectors, IR
receiver modules, optocouplers, optical sensors, light-emitting diodes (“LEDs”),
and IR data transceiver modules. Passive electronic components include resistive
products, capacitors, inductors, strain gages, load cells / transducers, and
stress analysis instruments, weigh modules, and systems. Discrete semiconductors
and passive electronic components are essential elements of virtually every type
of electronic circuit. They support the microprocessor chips and other ICs that
coordinate and control the functions of electronic devices and equipment. We
offer our customers “one-stop shop” access to one of the most comprehensive
electronic component product lines of any manufacturer in the United States,
Europe, and Asia.
Our semiconductor
components are used for a wide variety of functions, including power control,
power conversion, power management, signal switching, signal routing, signal
blocking, signal amplification, two-way data transfer, one-way remote control,
and circuit isolation. Our passive components are used to restrict current flow,
suppress voltage increases, store and discharge energy, control alternating
current (“AC”) and voltage, filter out unwanted electrical signals, detect
stress and other physical forces, measure weight, and perform other functions.
Our components are used in virtually every type of product that contains
electronic circuitry, in the industrial, computing, automotive, consumer,
telecommunications, military, aerospace, and medical markets.
On October 27, 2009,
we announced our intention to spin-off, in a tax free stock dividend to our
stockholders, our measurements and foil resistor businesses into an independent,
publicly-traded company to be named Vishay Precision Group, Inc. (“Vishay
Precision Group” or “VPG”.) Vishay Precision Group is a leading designer,
manufacturer and marketer of sensors/components (strain gages, ultra-precision
foil resistors and current sensors) and process control modules (load
cell/transducers, instruments, weigh modules, and systems).
Since our first
acquisition in 1985, we have pursued a business strategy that principally
consists of the following elements:
1. expanding within the electronic components industry, primarily through
the acquisition of other manufacturers of electronic components that have
established positions in major markets, reputations for product innovation,
quality, and reliability, strong customer bases, and product lines with which we
have substantial marketing and technical expertise;
2. reducing selling, general, and administrative expenses through the
integration or elimination of redundant sales offices and administrative
functions at acquired companies;
3. achieving significant production cost savings and synergies through
the transfer and expansion of manufacturing operations to countries such as the
Czech Republic, India, Israel, Malaysia, Mexico, the People’s Republic of China,
and the Philippines, where we can benefit from lower labor costs and available
tax and other government-sponsored incentives;
4. maintaining significant production facilities in those regions where
we market the bulk of our products in order to enhance the service and
responsiveness that we provide to our customers;
5. using our research and development (“R&D”), engineering, and
product marketing resources to continually roll out new and innovative products;
and
6. strengthening our relationships with customers and strategic partners
by providing broader product lines and superior service.
-5-
As a result of this
strategy, we have grown from a small manufacturer of precision resistors and
resistance strain gages to one of the world’s largest manufacturers and
suppliers of a broad line of electronic components.
The Vishay Story
In the 1950’s, Dr.
Felix Zandman was issued patents for his PhotoStress® coatings and instruments,
used to reveal and measure the distribution of stresses in structures such as
airplanes and cars under live load conditions. His research in this area led him
to develop Bulk Metal® foil resistors – ultra-precise, ultra-stable resistors
with performance far beyond any other resistor available to date.
In 1962, Dr. Zandman,
with the financial help of the late Alfred P. Slaner, founded Vishay to develop
and manufacture Bulk Metal® foil resistors. Concurrently, J.E. Starr developed
foil resistance strain gages, which also became part of Vishay. Throughout the
1960’s and 1970’s, Vishay established itself as a technical and market leader in
foil resistors, PhotoStress® products, and strain gages.
In 1985, Vishay began
to expand its product line through various strategic acquisitions, including the
resistor companies Dale Electronics, Draloric Electronic, and Sfernice. In the
early 1990’s, Vishay applied its acquisition strategy to the capacitor market,
with the major acquisitions of Sprague Electric, Roederstein, and Vitramon. In
2002, Vishay acquired BCcomponents, the former passive components business of
Philips Electronics and Beyschlag, which greatly enhanced Vishay’s global market
position in passive components. Over the years, we have made several smaller
passive components acquisitions to gain market share, effectively penetrate
different geographic markets, enhance new product development, round out our
product lines, or grow our high margin niche businesses. These include
Electro-Films, Cera-Mite, and Spectrol in 2000; Tansitor and North American
Capacitor Company (Mallory) in 2001; the thin film interconnect business of
Aeroflex in 2004; Alpha Electronics K.K. in 2005; Phoenix do Brasil in 2006; and
the wet tantalum capacitor business of KEMET Corporation and Powertron GmbH in
2008.
In the late 1990’s,
Vishay began expanding its product lines to include discrete semiconductors. In
1998, Vishay acquired the Semiconductor Business Group of TEMIC, which included
Telefunken and an 80.4% interest in Siliconix, producers of MOSFETs, RF
transistors, diodes, optoelectronics, and power and analog switching integrated
circuits. Vishay’s next semiconductor acquisition came in 2001, with the
purchase of the infrared components business of Infineon Technologies, which was
followed the same year by Vishay’s acquisition of General Semiconductor, a
leading global manufacturer of rectifiers and diodes. In 2005, Vishay made a
successful tender offer for the minority interest in Siliconix. In 2007, Vishay
acquired the Power Control Systems business of International Rectifier, further
enhancing our product offerings. These acquisitions propelled Vishay into the
top ranks of discrete semiconductor manufacturers.
During 2002, we made
several acquisitions as part of our Measurements Group’s strategy of vertical
market integration, including the Sensortronics, Tedea-Huntleigh, BLH, Nobel,
and Celtron businesses. In 2005, we acquired SI Technologies; in 2007, we
acquired the on-board weighing systems business of PM Group; and in 2008, we
acquired our partner’s 51% interest in a transducer joint venture in India. As a
result of these acquisitions, the product portfolio of our Measurements Group
has been greatly expanded and now includes apart from resistance strain gages
(in which Vishay is the worldwide leader), transducers (the metallic structures
to which strain gages are cemented), electronic instruments that measure and
control output of the transducers, and complete systems for process control and
on-board weighing applications. On October 27, 2009, Vishay announced that it
intends to spinoff its measurements and foil resistors businesses.
In addition to our
acquisition activity in recent years, we have taken steps to assure our
competitiveness, enhance our operating efficiency, and strengthen our liquidity.
In this regard, we:
|
(i) |
|
closed or
consolidated several manufacturing facilities, R&D centers, and
administrative offices; |
|
(ii) |
|
reduced our
headcount, particularly in high-labor-cost countries; and |
|
(iii) |
|
integrated our
acquisitions within our existing management and operational
infrastructure. |
Vishay was
incorporated in Delaware in 1962 and maintains its principal executive offices
at 63 Lancaster Avenue, Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355-2143. Our telephone number
is (610) 644-1300.
-6-
Products
We design,
manufacture, and market electronic components that cover a wide range of
functions and technologies. Our product portfolio includes:
- power MOSFETs,
- rectifiers,
- diodes and
thyristors,
- IR emitters and
detectors,
- IR receiver modules,
- optocouplers and solid-state
relays,
- optical sensors,
- LEDs and 7-segment
displays,
- infrared data transceiver
modules,
- power ICs,
- analog switches,
- RF transmitter and receiver
modules,
- ICs for
optoelectronics,
- power modules (contain power
diodes, thyristors, MOSFETs, IGBTs),
- dc-to-dc converters,
- chip fuses,
- discrete resistors,
- variable resistors
(attenuators, dials, motion transducers, potentiometers, rheostats,
trimmers),
|
- foil resistors*,
- resistor networks and
arrays,
- thermistors,
- varistors,
- inductors,
- transformers,
- tantalum capacitors,
- ceramic capacitors,
- film capacitors,
- power capacitors,
- heavy-current
capacitors,
- aluminum capacitors,
- displays (IR touch panel,
LCD, plasma),
- connectors,
- PhotoStress®
products*,
- strain gages*,
- load cells /
transducers*,
- weighing systems*,
and
- instruments, weigh modules,
and systems for process control*.
|
* Indicates products
within Vishay Precision Group that we intend to spin-off.
We aim to use this
broad portfolio to increase opportunities to have our components selected and
“designed in” to new end products by customers in all relevant market segments.
We also promote our ability to provide “one-stop shop” service to customers,
whereby they can streamline their design and purchasing processes by ordering
multiple types of products from Vishay. Our technical sales force consisting of
field application engineers offers customers the complete breadth of the Vishay
portfolio for their applications. The spin-off of Vishay Precision Group, if
completed, will remove from our portfolio the products of our foil resistor and
measurements businesses, but our core product line will remain one of the
broadest lines of discrete electronic components of any
manufacturer.
Product Segments
Our products can be
divided into two general classes: semiconductors and passive components. These
broad categories are also the basis used to determine our operating segments for
financial reporting purposes. See Note 15 to our consolidated financial
statements for additional information on revenues, income, and total assets by
segment.
Semiconductors
Our Semiconductors
segment includes discrete devices, integrated circuits (“ICs”), and modules.
Semiconductors are sometimes referred to as “active components” because they
require power to function. Discrete semiconductors are single components or
arrangements of components that typically perform a single function, such as
switching, amplifying, rectifying, or transmitting electrical signals. IC
products from Vishay are focused on analog signal switching and routing, power
conversion, and power management. Our modules combine several components into a
single package. Examples include our power modules that contain power diodes,
thyristors, MOSFETs, IGBTs, and our smart MOSFETs. Our discrete semiconductors
and ICs are manufactured and marketed primarily through our Siliconix
subsidiary, our Vishay Semiconductor GmbH subsidiary, and our General
Semiconductor business. The product lines acquired as part of the PCS
acquisition have been integrated into our Siliconix subsidiary and our Vishay
Semiconductor GmbH subsidiary.
-7-
We also include in
the category of semiconductors our lines of optoelectronic components, in
particular infrared components, manufactured and marketed by our subsidiary
Vishay Semiconductor GmbH.
Discrete
Semiconductors
Rectifiers convert AC
to DC, a unidirectional current required for operation of many electronic
systems. Vishay rectifier innovations include Trench MOS barrier Schottky
(“TMBS®”) rectifier technology, which reduces power losses and improves the
efficiency of end products. Diodes and thyristors allow voltage to be conducted
in only one direction. They are used to route, switch, and block radio frequency
(“RF”), analog, and power signals. Vishay’s range of diodes includes components
for transient voltage suppression (“TVS”), electrostatic discharge (“ESD”)
protection, and electromagnetic interference (“EMI”) filtering. We offer a broad
line of rectifiers and diodes with differing power, speed, cost, and packaging
characteristics.
Vishay’s range of
transistor products includes low-voltage TrenchFET® metal-oxide-semiconductor
field-effect transistors (“MOSFETs”), high-voltage TrenchFET MOSFETs,
high-voltage planar MOSFETs, and junction field-effect transistors (“JFETs”).
MOSFETs function as solid-state switches to control power in mobile phones,
notebook computers, and other end products. Vishay’s innovative TrenchFET power
MOSFET technology extends battery life and prevents components from overheating.
Vishay has a tradition of innovation in MOSFET packaging and performance, the
latest of which is PolarPAK®, which uses double-side cooling to create a more
efficient, faster switching MOSFET. Vishay RF transistors, which amplify analog
or digital signals, are designed for use in radios, televisions, mobile phones,
and other end products.
Integrated Circuits
Our power ICs include
power conversion, low-dropout regulator, power interface, and motor control ICs.
Our power conversion and power interface ICs are based on low-voltage,
mixed-signal silicon processes. They are used in end products, such as mobile
phones, where an input voltage from a battery or other source must be converted
to a level that is compatible with logic signals used by power amplifiers,
digital signal processors (“DSPs”), and other sub-circuits. Our motor control
ICs are used to control motion in data storage devices, such as optical and hard
disk drives, and to control the speed of small motors in printers, photocopy
machines, and other office equipment. We also offer a line of power conversion
ICs for higher-power applications in fixed telecommunications
systems.
Our signal processing
ICs (analog switches and multiplexers) have long been used in instrumentation
and industrial equipment that receives analog signals, outputs analog signals,
or does both. More recent applications for our signal processing ICs include
broadband communication devices such as xDSL modems.
Optoelectronics
Optoelectronic
components emit light, detect light, or do both. Our broad range of
optoelectronic components includes infrared (“IR”) emitters and detectors, IR
receiver modules, optocouplers and solid-state relays, optical sensors,
light-emitting diodes (“LEDs”) and 7-segment displays, and IR data transceiver
modules. Our IR receiver modules are designed for use in infrared remote
control, data transmission, and light barrier applications in end products
including notebook computers, audio and video systems, and navigation equipment.
Vishay is a leading manufacturer of IR receiver modules. Our optocouplers
electrically isolate input and output signals. Uses include computer monitors,
consumer electronics, telecommunications equipment, and industrial systems. Our
IR data transceiver modules are used for short range, two-way, wireless data
transfer between electronic devices such as mobile phones and notebook
computers. Our LEDs are designed for backlighting and illumination in automotive
and transport, consumer, signage and graphics, and other applications. Vishay
LEDs include ultra-bright and very small surface-mount packages, with products
available in all standard colors including white.
-8-
Passive Components
Passive Components
include resistors, capacitors, and magnetics such as inductors and transformers.
They are referred to as “passive” because they do not require a power supply to
handle the signals that pass through them. Passive components are used to store
electrical charges, to limit or resist electrical current, and to help in
filtering, surge suppression, measurement, timing, and tuning applications. We
also include in this category the products of our Measurements Group that employ
passive components in electro-mechanical measurements.
Resistors and
Inductors
Resistors are basic
components used in all forms of electronic circuitry to adjust and regulate
levels of voltage and current. They vary widely in precision and cost, and are
manufactured from numerous materials and in many forms. Linear resistive
components are classified as variable or fixed, depending on whether or not
their resistance is adjustable. Non-linear resistors can also be used as
measuring devices. We manufacture thermistors, which are heat-sensitive
resistors. Another type of resistive sensor is strain gages for measurement of
mechanical stress. See “Measurements Group” below.
We manufacture
virtually all types of fixed resistors, both in discrete and network forms, as
well as many variable types. These resistors are produced for virtually every
segment of the resistive product market, from resistors used in the highest
quality precision instruments for which the performance of the resistor is the
most important requirement, to low-cost resistors for which price is a primary
factor.
Vishay resistor
innovations include Bulk Metal® foil technology and Power Metal Strip®
technology. Bulk Metal foil resistors are the most precise and stable type of
resistors available. They are used in precision amplifiers; high-precision
instrumentation; medical and automatic test equipment; high-end stereo
equipment; electron beam scanning and recording equipment; and military,
aerospace, and down-hole equipment and instrumentation. Power Metal Strip
resistors, which feature very low resistance values, are used to measure changes
in current flow (current sensing) or divert current flow (shunting). They are
used in a very wide range of end products.
Inductors use an
internal magnetic field to change AC current phase and resist AC current.
Inductor applications include controlling AC current and voltage, and filtering
out unwanted electrical signals. Vishay inductor innovations include
low-profile, high-current inductor technology with industry-leading
specifications. Our low-profile, high-current inductors save circuit board space
and power in voltage regulator module (“VRM”) and dc-to-dc converter
applications. They are designed for use in end products including mobile
devices, notebook and desktop computers, servers, graphic cards, personal
navigation systems, personal multimedia devices, LCD televisions, and automotive
systems.
Capacitors
Capacitors are used
in almost all electronic circuits. They store energy and discharge it when
needed. Important applications for capacitors include electronic filtering for
linear and switching power supplies; decoupling and bypass of electronic signals
for integrated circuits and circuit boards; and frequency control, timing and
conditioning of electronic signals for a broad range of
applications.
Types of capacitors
manufactured by Vishay include tantalum (molded chip tantalum, coated chip
tantalum, solid through-hole tantalum, and wet tantalum), ceramic (multilayer
chip and ceramic disc), film, power, heavy-current, aluminum, and silicon RF.
Vishay capacitors range from tiny surface-mount devices for hearing aids and
mobile phones to large power correction capacitors used in heavy industry. Our
capacitor portfolio includes several types of capacitors for military systems
and a broad selection of devices used in radio frequency interference (“RFI”)
suppression applications.
-9-
Measurements Group
Vishay Measurements
Group is a leading manufacturer of products for precision measurement of
mechanical strains. The Measurement Group portfolio of products includes
resistance strain gages (in which Vishay is the worldwide leader), load cells /
transducers (a combination of strain gages and metallic structures to which they
are bonded), electronic instruments that measure and control output of load
cells / transducers, modules (a combination of load cells / transducers,
instrumentation and software), and complete systems for process and force
measurement control and on-board weighing.
Vishay Measurements
Group develops, manufactures, and markets components, instruments, weigh
modules, and systems for a wide variety of test and measurement applications.
Vishay strain gage products include electrical resistance strain gages for both
stress analysis testing and transducer manufacturing applications, as well as
strain gage instrumentation. Vishay PhotoStress® coatings and instruments use a
unique optical process to detect stress and other physical forces. We also
manufacture, install, and service systems for weighing and force measurement and
control. These include systems with transducers and instruments to control
process weighing in food, chemical, and pharmaceutical plants; force measurement
systems to control web tension in paper mills, roller force in steel mills, and
cable tension in winch controls; on-board weighing systems that are installed in
logging and waste-handling trucks; and special scale systems for aircraft
weighing and portable truck weighing.
On October 27, 2009,
we announced that we intend to spin-off our measurements and foil resistors
businesses into an independent, publicly-traded company to be named Vishay
Precision Group, Inc.
Packaging
We have taken
advantage of the growth of the surface-mount component market, and we are an
industry leader in designing and marketing surface mount devices. Surface-mount
devices adhere to the surface of a circuit board rather than being secured by
leads that pass through holes to the back side of the board.
We believe that we
are a market leader in the development and production of a wide range of surface
mount devices, including:
- thick film resistor networks
and arrays,
- metal film leadless
resistors (“MELFs”),
- molded tantalum chip
capacitors,
- coated tantalum chip
capacitors,
- thin film chip
resistors,
- thin film networks,
- certain diodes and
transistor products,
- power MOSFETs,
|
- wirewound chip
resistors,
- Power Metal Strip®
resistors,
- Bulk Metal® foil
resistors*,
- current sensing
chips,
- chip inductors,
- NTC chip thermistors,
and
- strain gages*.
|
*Indicates products
within Vishay Precision Group that we intend to spin-off.
We also provide a
number of component packaging styles to facilitate automated product assembly by
our customers.
-10-
Military Qualifications
We have qualified
certain of our products under various military specifications approved and
monitored by the United States Defense Electronic Supply Center (“DESC”), and
under certain European military specifications. DESC qualification levels are
based in part upon the rate of failure of products. In order to maintain the
classification level of a product, we must continuously perform tests on the
product and the results of these tests must be reported to the DESC. If the
product fails to meet the requirements for the applicable classification level,
the product’s classification may be reduced to a lower level. During the time
that the DESC classification level is reduced for a product with military
application, net revenues and earnings attributable to that product may be
adversely affected.
Manufacturing Operations
In order to better
serve our customers, we maintain production facilities in locations where we
market the bulk of our products, such as the United States, Germany, and Asia.
To maximize production efficiencies, we seek whenever practicable to establish
manufacturing facilities in countries, such as the Czech Republic, India,
Israel, Malaysia, Mexico, the People’s Republic of China, and the Philippines,
where we can benefit from lower labor and tax costs and also benefit from
various government incentives, including grants and tax relief.
One of our most
sophisticated manufacturing operations is the production of power semiconductor
components. This manufacturing process involves two phases of production: wafer
fabrication and assembly (or packaging). Wafer fabrication subjects silicon
wafers to various thermal, metallurgical, and chemical process steps that change
their electrical and physical properties. These process steps define cells or
circuits within numerous individual devices (termed “dies” or “chips”) on each
wafer. Assembly is the sequence of production steps that divides the wafer into
individual chips and encloses the chips in structures (termed “packages”) that
make them usable in a circuit. Both wafer fabrication and assembly phases
incorporate wafer level and device level electrical testing to ensure that
device design integrity has been achieved.
In the United States,
our manufacturing facilities are located in California, Connecticut, Nebraska,
New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, and Wisconsin. In
Asia, our main manufacturing facilities are located in the People’s Republic of
China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), India, and Malaysia. In Europe, our main
manufacturing facilities are located in Germany and the Czech Republic. We also
have manufacturing facilities in Israel (see “Israeli Government Incentives”
below), Austria, Costa Rica, France, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the
Netherlands, Portugal, the Philippines, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Over the
past several years, we have invested substantial resources to increase capacity
and to maximize automation in our plants, which we believe will further reduce
production costs.
The majority of our
manufacturing operations have received ISO 9001 approval and others are actively
pursuing such approval. ISO 9001
is a comprehensive set of quality program standards developed by the
International Standards Organization.
To maintain our cost
competitiveness, we continue to pursue a strategy to shift manufacturing
emphasis to more advanced automation in higher-labor-cost regions and to
relocate a fair amount of production to regions with skilled workforces and
relatively lower labor costs. See Note 4 to our consolidated financial
statements for further information related to our restructuring efforts, as well
as additional information in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Cost Management.”
See Note 15 to our
consolidated financial statements for financial information by geographic area.
-11-
Sources of Supplies
Although most
materials incorporated in our products are available from a number of sources,
certain materials are available only from a relatively limited number of
suppliers or are subject to significant price volatility.
We are a major
consumer of the world’s annual production of tantalum, a metal used in the
manufacturing of tantalum capacitors. There are few suppliers that process
tantalum ore into capacitor grade tantalum powder. We acquire tantalum raw
material from all of them under short-term commitments.
Palladium, a metal
used to produce multi-layer ceramic capacitors, is currently found primarily in
South Africa and Russia. Palladium is a commodity metal that is subject to price
volatility. We periodically enter into short-term commitments to purchase
palladium.
Certain metals used
in the manufacture of our products are traded on active markets, and can be
subject to significant price volatility. Our policy is to enter into short-term
commitments to purchase defined portions of annual consumption of these metals
if market prices decline below budget. For much of 2008, these metals were
trading near all-time record-high prices. During the fourth fiscal quarter of
2008, as metals prices declined significantly from these record-high prices, we
entered into commitments to purchase a portion of our estimated 2009 metals
needs, principally for copper and palladium. After entering into these
commitments, the market prices for these metals continued to decline. As a
result, we recorded losses on these adverse purchase commitments during the
fourth fiscal quarter of 2008. Metals prices generally increased throughout
2009.
Israeli Government Incentives
We have substantial
manufacturing operations in Israel, where we benefit from the government’s grant
and tax incentive programs. These programs have contributed substantially,
predominantly in previous years, to our growth and profitability. For the year
ended December 31, 2009, net revenues from products manufactured in Israel
accounted for 20% of our net revenues.
Under the terms of
the Israeli government’s incentive programs, once a project is approved, the
recipient is eligible to receive the benefits of the related grants for the life
of the project, so long as the recipient continues to meet preset eligibility
standards. None of our approved projects has ever been cancelled, and we have
already received approval for a majority of the projects contemplated by our
capital expenditure program. Over the past few years, the Israeli government has
scaled back or discontinued some of its incentive programs. There can be no
assurance that we will maintain our eligibility for existing projects or that in
the future the Israeli government will continue to offer new incentive programs
applicable to us or that, if it does, such programs will provide the same level
of benefits we have historically received or that we will continue to be
eligible to receive such benefits. Because we have received approvals for most
projects currently contemplated, we do not anticipate that cutbacks in the
incentive programs for new projects would have an adverse impact on our earnings
and operations for at least several years.
We could be
materially adversely affected if events were to occur in the Middle East that
interfered with our operations in Israel. However, we have not experienced any
material interruption in our Israeli operations during our 39 years of
operations there, in spite of several Middle East crises, including wars.
Inventory and Backlog
We manufacture both
standardized products and those designed and produced to meet customer
specifications. We maintain an inventory of standardized components and monitor
the backlog of outstanding orders for our products.
We include in our
backlog only open orders that have been released by the customer for shipment in
the next twelve months. Many of our customers encounter uncertain and changing
demand for their products. They typically order products from us based on their
forecasts. If demand falls below customers’ forecasts, or if customers do not
control their inventory effectively, they may cancel or reschedule the shipments
included in our backlog, in many instances without the payment of any penalty.
Therefore, our backlog at any point in time is not necessarily indicative of the
results to be expected for future periods.
-12-
Customers and Marketing
We sell our products
to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), electronic manufacturing services
(“EMS”) companies, which manufacture for OEMs on an outsourcing basis, and
independent distributors that maintain large inventories of electronic
components for resale to OEMs and EMS companies. During 2009, approximately 47%
of our sales were to OEMs, approximately 9% of our sales were to EMS companies,
and approximately 44% of our sales were to distributors.
We work with our
customers so that our products are incorporated into the design of electronic
equipment at the earliest stages of development. In addition to our staff of
direct field sales personnel, independent manufacturers’ representatives, and
distributors, we employ a team of field application and product engineers to
assist our customers in solving technical problems and in developing products to
meet specific customer application needs using our entire product
portfolio.
Our sales
organizations are regionally based. While our sales and support procedures are
typically similar across all regions, we remain flexible in our ability to offer
programs tailored to our customers’ specific support requirements in each local
area. The aim of our sales organizations is supporting our customers across all
product lines, developing new design wins, negotiating pricing and contracts,
and providing general commercial support as would normally be expected of a
large multi-national sales force.
We have an
established Strategic Global Account program, which provides each of our top
customers with a dedicated Strategic Global Account Manager. Our Strategic
Global Account Managers are typically highly experienced salesmen or saleswomen
who are capable of providing key customers with the coordination and management
visibility required in a complex multi-product business relationship. They
typically coordinate the sales, pricing, contract, logistic, quality, and other
aspects of the customer’s business requirements. The Strategic Global Account
Manager normally is the focal point of communication between Vishay and our main
customers. We maintain a similar program for our strategic distributors as
well.
We also seek to meet
the needs of our customers for technical and applications support. Our Business
Development group maintains teams of dedicated Field Application Engineers
(“FAEs”) in the field for the exclusive support of our customers’ engineering
needs. Organized by market segment, our Business Development FAEs bring specific
knowledge of component applications in their areas of expertise in the
automotive, telecommunications, computer, consumer/entertainment, industrial,
peripherals, digital consumer, and other market segments. With the ultimate goal
of a Vishay “design-in” – the process by which our customers specify a Vishay
component in their products – this program offers our customers enhanced access
to all Vishay technologies while at the same time increasing design wins, and
ultimately sales, for us. Most importantly, the process is closely monitored via
a proprietary database developed by our Business Development group. Our database
captures very specific design activity and allows for real-time measurement of
new business potential for our management team.
Our top 30 customers
have been quite stable despite not having long-term commitments to purchase our
products. With selected customers, we have signed longer term (greater than one
year) contracts for specific products. Net revenues from our top 30 customers
represent approximately 60% of our total net revenues. No single customer
comprises more than 10% of our total net revenues.
During 2009,
approximately 25% of our net revenues were attributable to customers in the
Americas, approximately 37% were attributable to customers in Europe, and
approximately 38% were attributable to customers in Asia. During 2009, the share
of net revenues by end-use market was as follows: Industrial, 38%; Computer,
17%; Automotive, 15%; Consumer Products, 10%; Telecommunications, 13%; Military
and Aerospace, 5%; Medical, 2%.
-13-
Competition
We face strong
competition in various product lines from both domestic and foreign
manufacturers that produce products using technologies similar to ours. Our
primary competitors by product type include:
- Discrete Semiconductors:
Fairchild Semiconductor, International Rectifier, Infineon, ON Semiconductor,
NXP Semiconductors, Rohm, STMicroelectronics, Toshiba.
- Integrated
Circuits: Fairchild Semiconductor,
International Rectifier, Infineon, Maxim, ON Semiconductor,
STMicroelectronics.
- Optoelectronics: Avago, Fairchild Semiconductor, Sharp,
Toshiba.
- Resistors
and Inductors: KOA, Rohm,
Yageo.
- Capacitors:
AVX, KEMET, Murata, TDK,
Yageo.
- Measurements Group: various niche competitors.
There are many other
companies that produce products in the markets in which we compete.
Our competitive
position depends on our ability to maintain a competitive advantage on the basis
of product quality, know-how, proprietary data, market knowledge, service
capability, business reputation, and price competitiveness. Our sales and
marketing programs aim to compete by offering our customers a broad range of
world-class technologies and products, superior global sales and distribution
support, and a secure and multi-location source of product supply.
Research and Development
Many of our products
and manufacturing techniques, technologies, and packaging methods have been
invented, designed, and developed by our engineers and scientists. We maintain
strategically placed design centers where proximity to customers enables us to
more easily gauge and satisfy the needs of local markets. These design centers
are located predominantly in the United States, Germany, Israel, the People’s
Republic of China, France, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and the United
Kingdom.
We also maintain
research and development staffs and promote programs at a number of our
production facilities to develop new products and new applications of existing
products, and to improve manufacturing techniques. This decentralized system
encourages product development at individual manufacturing facilities that
occasionally has applications at other facilities. Our research and development
efforts over the past few years have been largely focused on our Semiconductors
segment, principally for the development of new power products and power ICs. We
also have research and development programs that should enhance our efforts in
vertical integration of certain of our product lines, combining Vishay
components in packages. Examples of these packages include combinations of our
sensors and our radio frequency technology to create wireless transducers,
wireless precision potentiometers, and other new products.
Patents and Licenses
We have made a
significant investment in securing intellectual property protection for our
technology and products. We seek to protect our technology by, among other
things, filing patent applications for technology considered important to the
development of our business. We also rely upon trade secrets, unpatented
know-how, continuing technological innovation, and the aggressive pursuit of
licensing opportunities to help develop and maintain our competitive position.
-14-
Our ability to
compete effectively with other companies depends, in part, on our ability to
maintain the proprietary nature of our technology. Although we have been
awarded, have filed applications for, or have been licensed under, numerous
patents in the United States and other countries, there can be no assurance
concerning the degree of protection afforded by these patents or the likelihood
that pending patents will be issued.
We require all of our
technical, research and development, sales and marketing, and management
employees and most consultants and other advisors to execute confidentiality
agreements upon the commencement of employment or consulting relationships with
us. These agreements provide that all confidential information developed or made
known to the entity or individual during the course of the entity’s or
individual’s relationship with us is to be kept confidential and not disclosed
to third parties except in specific circumstances. Substantially all of our
technical, research and development, sales and marketing, and management
employees have entered into agreements providing for the assignment to us of
rights to inventions made by them while employed by us.
When we believe other
companies are misappropriating our intellectual property rights, we vigorously
enforce those rights through legal action, and we intend to continue to do so.
See Item 3, “Legal Proceedings.”
Although we have
numerous United States and foreign patents covering certain of our products and
manufacturing processes, no particular patent is considered individually
material to our business.
Environment, Health and Safety
We have adopted an
Environmental Health and Safety Corporate Policy that commits us to achieve and
maintain compliance with applicable environmental laws, to promote proper
management of hazardous materials for the safety of our employees and the
protection of the environment, and to minimize the hazardous materials generated
in the course of our operations. This policy is implemented with accountability
directly to the Board of Directors. In addition, our manufacturing operations
are subject to various federal, state, and local laws restricting discharge of
materials into the environment.
We are involved in
environmental remediation programs at various sites currently or formerly owned
by us and our subsidiaries, in addition to involvement as a potentially
responsible party (“PRP”) at four Superfund sites. Certain obligations as a PRP
have arisen in connection with business acquisitions. The remediation programs
are on-going at four currently operating U.S. facilities, five currently
operating non-U.S. facilities, six formerly owned U.S. sites, and four U.S.
Superfund sites. The ultimate cost of site cleanup is difficult to predict given
the uncertainties regarding the extent of the required cleanup, the
interpretation of applicable laws and regulations and alternative cleanup
methods. See Item 3, “Legal Proceedings.”
We are not involved
in any pending or threatened proceedings that would require curtailment of our
operations. We continually expend funds to ensure that our facilities comply
with applicable environmental regulations. While we believe that we are in
material compliance with applicable environmental laws, we cannot accurately
predict future developments and do not necessarily have knowledge of all past
occurrences on sites that we currently occupy. More stringent environmental
regulations may be enacted in the future, and we cannot determine the
modifications, if any, in our operations that any such future regulations might
require, or the cost of compliance with such regulations. Moreover, the risk of
environmental liability and remediation costs is inherent in the nature of our
business and, therefore, there can be no assurance that material environmental
costs, including remediation costs, will not arise in the future.
With each
acquisition, we attempt to identify potential environmental concerns and to
minimize, or obtain indemnification for, the environmental matters we may be
required to address. In addition, we establish reserves for specifically
identified potential environmental liabilities. We believe that the reserves we
have established are adequate. Nevertheless, we often unavoidably inherit
certain pre-existing environmental liabilities, generally based on successor
liability doctrines. Although we have never been involved in any environmental
matter that has had a material adverse impact on our overall operations, there
can be no assurance that in connection with any past or future acquisition we
will not be obligated to address environmental matters that could have a
material adverse impact on our operations.
-15-
Employees
As of December 31,
2009, we employed approximately 22,300 full time employees, of whom
approximately 89% were located outside the United States. Our future success is
substantially dependent on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified
technical and administrative personnel. Some of our employees outside the United
States are members of trade unions, and employees at one small U.S. facility are
represented by a union. Our relationship with our employees is generally good.
However, no assurance can be given that, if we continue to restructure our
operations in response to changing economic conditions, labor unrest or strikes
will not occur.
Company Information and Website
We file annual,
quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other documents with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934. The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at
the SEC’s Public Reference Room at Station Place, 100 F Street, N.E.,
Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the
Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Also, the SEC
maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information
statements, and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file
electronically with the SEC. The public can obtain any documents that we file
with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
In addition, our
company website can be found on the Internet at www.vishay.com. The website
contains information about us and our operations. Copies of each of our filings
with the SEC on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, and Form 8-K, and all amendments to those
reports, can be viewed and downloaded free of charge as soon as reasonably
practicable after the reports and amendments are electronically filed with or
furnished to the SEC. To view the reports, access ir.vishay.com and click on
“SEC Filings.”
The following
corporate governance related documents are also available on our website:
- Corporate Governance
Principles
- Code of Business Conduct and
Ethics
- Code of Ethics Applicable to the
Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Principal
Accounting Officer or Controller and Financial Managers
- Audit Committee Charter
- Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee Charter
- Compensation Committee
Charter
- Strategic Affairs Committee
Charter
- Policy on Director Attendance at
Annual Meetings
- Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee Policy Regarding Qualification of Directors
- Procedures for Securityholders’
Submissions of Nominating Recommendations
- Securityholder Communications with
Directors and Interested Party Communication with Non-Management
Directors
- Whistleblower and Ethics Hotline
Procedures
- Related Party Transaction
Policy.
To view these
documents, access ir.vishay.com and click on “Corporate Governance.”
Any of the above
documents can also be obtained in print by any stockholder upon request to our
Investor Relations Department at the following address:
Corporate Investor
Relations
Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc.
63 Lancaster Avenue
Malvern, PA 19355-2143
-16-
Item 1A. RISK FACTORS
From time to time,
information provided by us, including but not limited to statements in this
report, or other statements made by or on our behalf, may contain
“forward-looking” information within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements involve a number of risks,
uncertainties, and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control, which
may cause actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from
those anticipated. Set forth below are important factors that could cause our
results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those in any
forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf:
Factors relating to our business generally
Our business is cyclical and the periods of
decline we experienced in the recent past may resume and may become
more pronounced.
The electronic
component and semiconductor industries are highly cyclical and experience
periods of decline from time to time. We and others in the electronic component
and semiconductor industries have experienced these conditions in the recent
past and cannot predict when we may experience such downturns in the future.
While we believe that a recovery from the recent global downturn is underway,
there is no assurance that the recovery will continue at its current pace or at
all, or that the conditions that contributed to the recent recessionary
environment have in fact abated. A decline in product demand on a global basis
could result in order cancellations and deferrals, lower average selling prices,
and a material and adverse impact on our results of operations. These declines
in demand are driven by market conditions in the end-use markets for our
products. Changes in the demand mix, needed technologies, and these end-use
markets may adversely affect our ability to match our products, inventory, and
capacity to meet customer demand and could adversely affect our operating
results and financial condition. A slowdown in demand or recessionary trends in
the global economy makes it more difficult for us to predict our future sales
and manage our operations, and could adversely impact our results of
operations.
We have incurred and may continue to incur
restructuring costs and associated asset write-downs.
To remain
competitive, particularly when business conditions are difficult, we attempt to
reduce our cost structure through restructuring activities. This includes
acquisition-related restructuring, where we attempt to streamline the operations
of companies we acquire and achieve synergies between our acquisitions and our
existing businesses. It also includes restructuring our existing businesses,
where we seek to eliminate redundant facilities and staff positions and move
operations, where possible, to jurisdictions with lower labor costs. We recorded
restructuring and severance costs, plus related asset write-downs, in each year
since 2001 and expect to incur additional restructuring costs in 2010.
As a result of our
restructuring activities initiated during the global economic recession, which
began in the latter half of 2008 and continued into 2009, we may have difficulty
expanding our manufacturing to satisfy demand when the economy rebounds, due to
factors such as delays in procurement of manufacturing equipment and shortages
of skilled personnel during an economic recovery. Our business is cyclical and
in periods of a rising economy, we may experience intense demand for our
products. If we are unable to meet our customers’ requirements and our
competitors sufficiently expand production, we could lose customers and/or
market share. These losses could have an adverse effect on our operations,
financial condition, and results of operations.
-17-
In the past we have grown through successful
integration of acquired businesses, but this may not
continue.
Our long-term
historical growth in revenues and net earnings has resulted in large part from
our strategy of expansion through acquisitions. In response to the uncertain
economic conditions, we did not actively pursue acquisitions during the first
nine months of the year. This failure to pursue acquisitions could impede our
growth. Due to improving economic conditions, our strong liquidity and cash
position, and our ability to generate free cash in every quarter of 2009, we
returned to our strategy of exploring synergistic acquisition opportunities in
the fourth fiscal quarter of 2009, but we may be unable to identify, have the
financial capabilities to acquire, or successfully complete transactions with
suitable acquisition candidates. If an acquired business fails to operate as
anticipated or cannot be successfully integrated with our other businesses, our
results of operations, enterprise value, market value, and prospects could all
be materially adversely affected.
Significant fluctuations in interest rates
could adversely affect our results of operations and financial
position.
We are exposed to
changes in interest rates as a result of our borrowing activities and our cash
balances. Our credit facility and our exchangeable unsecured notes due 2102 bear
interest at variable rates based on LIBOR. A significant increase in LIBOR would
significantly increase our interest expense. A general increase in interest
rates would be largely offset by an increase in interest income earned on our
cash balances, which are currently greater than our debt balances. However,
there can be no assurance that the interest rate earned on cash balances will
move in tandem with the interest rate paid on our variable rate debt.
We may not be able to access capital markets
to obtain financing
In the United States,
we presently have a revolving credit facility with approximately $117 million of
unused borrowing capacity at December 31, 2009. We also have other committed and
uncommitted lines of credit available on a short-term basis in various countries
around the world. In light of the current economic environment, credit markets
are functioning differently than in the past, with key interest rate spreads
increasing substantially, and banks tightening lending standards. If we were to
require additional capital, either to sustain normal operations, fund debt
maturities, repay the credit facility in the event of default, or to pursue a
strategic acquisition, we may be unable to obtain financing on terms which we
consider acceptable, if at all.
We may need to
renegotiate the terms of our credit facility to complete the intended spin-off
of the Vishay Precision Group. The terms of our renegotiated credit facility may
be less favorable than the current terms of our credit facility.
Future acquisitions could require us to issue
additional indebtedness or equity.
If we were to
undertake a substantial acquisition for cash, the acquisition would likely need
to be financed in part through bank borrowings or the issuance of public or
private debt. This acquisition financing would likely decrease our ratio of
earnings to fixed charges and adversely affect other leverage criteria. Under
our existing credit facility, we are required to obtain the lenders’ consent for
certain additional debt financing and to comply with other covenants including
the application of specific financial ratios. We are also restricted from paying
cash dividends on our capital stock. We cannot assure you that the necessary
acquisition financing would be available to us on acceptable terms if and when
required. If we were to undertake an acquisition for equity, the acquisition may
have a dilutive effect on the interests of the holders of our common
stock.
To remain successful, we must continue to
innovate, and our investments in new technologies may not
prove successful.
Our future operating
results are dependent on our ability to continually develop, introduce, and
market new and innovative products, to modify existing products, to respond to
technological change, and to customize certain products to meet customer
requirements. There are numerous risks inherent in this process, including the
risks that we will be unable to anticipate the direction of technological change
or that we will be unable to develop and market new products and applications in
a timely fashion to satisfy customer demands. If this occurs, we could lose
customers and experience adverse effects on our financial condition and results
of operations.
-18-
In addition to our
own research and development initiatives, we periodically invest in technology
start-up enterprises, in which we may acquire a controlling or noncontrolling
interest but whose technology would be available to be commercialized by us.
There are numerous risks in investments of this nature including the limited
operating history of such start-up entities, their need for capital, and their
limited or absence of production experience, as well as the risk that their
technologies may prove ineffective or fail to gain acceptance in the
marketplace. Certain of our historical investments in start-up companies have
not succeeded, and there can be no assurance that our current and future
investments in start-up enterprises will prove successful.
Our ability to compete effectively with other
companies depends, in part, on our ability to maintain the proprietary
nature of our
technology.
Protection of
intellectual property often involves complex legal and factual issues. We will
be able to protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use by third parties
only to the extent that our proprietary technologies are covered by valid and
enforceable patents or are effectively maintained as trade secrets. We have
applied, and will continue to apply, for patents covering our technologies and
products, as we deem appropriate. However, our applications may not result in
issued patents. Also, our existing patents and any future patents may not be
sufficiently broad to prevent others from practicing our technologies or from
developing competing products. Others may independently develop similar or
alternative technologies, design around our patented technologies, or may
challenge or seek to invalidate our patents.
Litigation regarding
patent and other intellectual property rights is prevalent in the electronic
components industry, particularly the discrete semiconductor sector. We have on
occasion been notified that we may be infringing on patent and other
intellectual property rights of others. In addition, customers purchasing
components from us have rights to indemnification under certain circumstances if
such components violate the intellectual property rights of others. Further, we
have observed that in the current business environment, electronic
component and semiconductor companies have become more aggressive in asserting
and defending patent claims against competitors. We will continue to vigorously
defend our intellectual property rights, and may become party to disputes
regarding patent licensing and cross patent licensing. Although licenses are
generally offered in such situations and we have successfully resolved these
situations in the past, there can be no assurance that we will not be subject to
future litigation alleging intellectual property rights infringement, or that we
will be able to obtain licenses on acceptable terms. An unfavorable outcome
regarding one of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our
business and operating results.
Our results are sensitive to raw material
availability, quality, and cost.
Many of our products
require the use of raw materials that are produced in only a limited number of
regions around the world or are available from only a limited number of
suppliers. Our results of operations may be materially adversely affected if we
have difficulty obtaining these raw materials, the quality of available raw
materials deteriorates, or there are significant price increases for these raw
materials. For periods in which the prices of these raw materials are rising, we
may be unable to pass on the increased cost to our customers, which would result
in decreased margins for the products in which they are used. For periods in
which the prices are declining, we may be required to write down our inventory
carrying cost of these raw materials, because we record our inventory at the
lower of cost or market. Depending on the extent of the difference between
market price and our carrying cost, this write-down could have a material
adverse effect on our net earnings.
From time to time
there have been short-term market shortages of raw materials. While these
shortages have not historically adversely affected our ability to increase
production of products containing these materials, they have historically
resulted in higher raw material costs for us. We cannot assure you that any of
these market shortages in the future would not adversely affect our ability to
increase production, particularly during periods of growing demand for our
products. Also, to assure availability of raw materials in times of shortage, we
may enter into long-term supply contracts for these materials, which may prove
costly, unnecessary, and burdensome when the shortage abates.
-19-
Our backlog is subject to customer
cancellation.
Many of the orders
that comprise our backlog may be canceled by our customers without penalty. Our
customers may on occasion double and triple order components from multiple
sources to ensure timely delivery when backlog is particularly long. They often
cancel orders when business is weak and inventories are excessive, a situation
that we experienced during the global economic recession. Therefore, we cannot
be certain that the amount of our backlog does not exceed the level of orders
that will ultimately be delivered. Our results of operations could be adversely
impacted if customers cancel a material portion of orders in our
backlog.
We face intense competition in our business,
and we market our products to an increasingly concentrated group of
customers.
Our business is
highly competitive worldwide, with low transportation costs and few import
barriers. We compete principally on the bases of product quality and
reliability, availability, customer service, technological innovation, timely
delivery, and price. The electronic component industry has become increasingly
concentrated and globalized in recent years and our major competitors, some of
which are larger than us, have significant financial resources and technological
capabilities.
Our customers have
become increasingly concentrated in recent years, and as a result, their buying
power has increased and they have had greater ability to negotiate favorable
pricing and terms. This trend has adversely affected our average selling prices,
particularly for commodity components.
We may not have adequate facilities to satisfy
future increases in demand for our products.
Our business is
cyclical and in periods of a rising economy, we may experience intense demand
for our products. During such periods, we may have difficulty expanding our
manufacturing to satisfy demand. Factors which could limit such expansion
include delays in procurement of manufacturing equipment, shortages of skilled
personnel, and physical constraints on expansion at our facilities. If we are
unable to meet our customers’ requirements and our competitors sufficiently
expand production, we could lose customers and/or market share. These losses
could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of
operations. Also, capacity that we add during upturns in the business cycle may
result in excess capacity during periods when demand for our products recede,
resulting in inefficient use of capital which could also adversely affect
us.
Future changes in our environmental liability
and compliance obligations may harm our ability to operate or
increase our costs.
Our manufacturing
operations, products and/or product packaging are subject to environmental laws
and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling,
disposal and remediation of hazardous substances, wastes and certain chemicals
used or generated in our manufacturing processes, employee health and safety
labeling or other notifications with respect to the content or other aspects of
our processes, products or packaging, restrictions on the use of certain
materials in or on design aspects of our products or product packaging, and
responsibility for disposal of products or product packaging. We establish
reserves for specifically identified potential environmental liabilities which
we believe are adequate. Nevertheless, we often unavoidably inherit certain
pre-existing environmental liabilities, generally based on successor liability
doctrines. Although we have never been involved in any environmental matter that
has had a material adverse impact on our overall operations, there can be no
assurance that in connection with any past or future acquisition or otherwise,
we will not be obligated to address environmental matters that could have a
material adverse impact on our operations. In addition, more stringent
environmental regulations may be enacted in the future, and we cannot presently
determine the modifications, if any, in our operations that any such future
regulations might require, or the cost of compliance with these regulations. In
order to resolve liabilities at various sites, we have entered into various
administrative orders and consent decrees, some of which may be, under certain
conditions, reopened or subject to renegotiation.
-20-
Our products may experience a reduction in
product classification levels under various military
specifications.
We have qualified
certain of our products under various military specifications approved and
monitored by the United States Defense Electronic Supply Center and under
certain European military specifications. These products are assigned certain
classification levels. In order to maintain the classification level of a
product, we must continuously perform tests on the product and the results of
these tests must be reported to governmental agencies. If any of our products
fails to meet the requirements of the applicable classification level, that
product’s classification may be reduced to a lower level. A decrease in the
classification level for any of our products with a military application could
have an adverse impact on the net revenues and earnings attributable to that
product.
Our future success is substantially dependent
on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical,
managerial, marketing, finance, and
administrative personnel.
Rapid changes in
technologies, frequent new product introductions, and declining average selling
prices over product life cycles require us to attract and retain highly
qualified personnel to develop and manufacture technological innovations and
bring them to market on a timely basis. Our complex operations also require us
to attract and retain highly qualified administrative personnel in functions
such as legal, tax, accounting, financial reporting, auditing, and treasury. The
market for personnel with such qualifications is highly competitive. While we
have employment agreements with certain of our executives, we have not entered
into employment agreements with all of our key personnel.
The loss of the
services of or the failure to effectively recruit qualified personnel could have
a material adverse effect on our business.
Factors relating to Vishay’s operations outside the United
States
We obtain substantial benefits by operating in
Israel, but these benefits may not continue.
We have increased our
operations in Israel over the past several years. The low tax rates in Israel
applicable to earnings of our operations in that country, compared to the rates
in the United States, have had the general effect of increasing our net
earnings. Also, we have benefited from employment incentive grants made by the
Israeli government. There can also be no assurance that in the future the
Israeli government will continue to offer new grant and tax incentive programs
applicable to us or that, if it does, such programs will provide the same level
of benefits we have historically received or that we will continue to be
eligible to benefit from them. Any significant increase in the Israeli tax rates
or reduction or elimination of the Israeli grant programs that have benefited us
could have an adverse impact on our results of operations.
We attempt to improve profitability by
operating in countries in which labor costs are low, but the shift of
operations to these regions may entail
considerable expense.
Our strategy is aimed
at achieving significant production cost savings through the transfer and
expansion of manufacturing operations to and in countries with lower production
costs, such as the Czech Republic, India, Israel, Malaysia, Mexico, the People’s
Republic of China, and the Philippines. During this process, we may experience
under-utilization of certain plants and factories in high-labor-cost regions and
capacity constraints in plants and factories located in low-labor-cost regions.
This under-utilization may result initially in production inefficiencies and
higher costs. These costs include those associated with compensation in
connection with work force reductions and plant closings in the
higher-labor-cost regions, and start-up expenses, manufacturing and construction
delays, and increased depreciation costs in connection with the initiation or
expansion of production in lower-labor-cost regions. In addition, as we
implement transfers of certain of our operations we may experience strikes or
other types of labor unrest as a result of lay-offs or termination of our
employees in high-labor-cost countries.
-21-
We are subject to the risks of political,
economic, and military instability in countries outside the United States in
which we operate.
We have operations
outside the United States, and approximately 75% of our revenues during 2009
were derived from sales to customers outside the United States. Some of our
products are produced in countries which are subject to risks of political,
economic, and military instability. This instability could result in wars,
riots, nationalization of industry, currency fluctuation, and labor unrest.
These conditions could have an adverse impact on our ability to operate in these
regions and, depending on the extent and severity of these conditions, could
materially and adversely affect our overall financial condition and operating
results.
Our business has been
in operation in Israel for 39 years. We have never experienced any material
interruption in our operations attributable to these factors, in spite of
several Middle East crises, including wars. However, we might be adversely
affected if events were to occur in the Middle East that interfered with our
operations in Israel.
We are subject to foreign currency exchange
rate risks which may impact our results of operations.
We are exposed to
foreign currency exchange rate risks, particularly due to market values of
transactions in currencies other than the functional currencies of certain
subsidiaries. From time to time, we utilize forward contracts to hedge a portion
of projected cash flows from these exposures. As of December 31, 2009, we did
not have any outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts.
Our significant
foreign subsidiaries are located in Germany, Israel, and Asia. We finance our
operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies. Our
operations in Israel and most significant locations in Asia are largely financed
in U.S. dollars, but these subsidiaries also have significant transactions in
local currencies. Our exposure to foreign currency risk is mitigated to the
extent that the costs incurred and the revenues earned in a particular currency
offset one another. Our exposure to foreign currency risk is more pronounced in
situations where, for example, production labor costs are predominantly paid in
local currencies while the sales revenue for those products is denominated in
U.S. dollars. This is particularly the case for products produced in Israel, the
Czech Republic, and China.
A change in the mix
of the currencies in which we transact our business could have a material effect
on results of operations. Furthermore, the timing of cash receipts and
disbursements could have a material effect on our results of operations,
particularly if there are significant changes in exchange rates in a short
period of time.
Factors related to Vishay’s capital structure
The holders of Class B common stock have
effective voting control of Vishay.
Vishay has two
classes of common stock: common stock and Class B common stock. The holders of
common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held, while the holders of
Class B common stock are entitled to 10 votes for each share held. Currently,
the holders of Class B common stock hold approximately 45% of the voting power
of Vishay. Directly, through family trusts, and as voting trustee under a voting
trust agreement, Dr. Felix Zandman, Executive Chairman and Chief Technical and
Business Development Officer of Vishay, has sole or shared voting power over
substantially all of the outstanding Class B common stock. As a result, the
holders of Class B common stock effectively can cause the election of directors
and approve other actions as stockholders without the approval of other
stockholders of Vishay.
Vishay has a staggered board of directors
which could make a takeover of Vishay difficult.
Vishay’s staggered
board of directors might discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of
Vishay by a third party and could discourage proxy contests and make it more
difficult for stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions.
Also, as a consequence of Vishay’s staggered board, directors may not be removed
without cause, even though a majority of stockholders may wish to do so.
-22-
Our reluctance to issue substantial additional
shares in order not to dilute the interests of our existing stockholders
could impede growth.
Our overall long-term
business strategy has historically included a strong focus on acquisitions
financed alternatively through cash on hand, the incurrence of indebtedness, and
the issuance of equity, directly or indirectly by refinancing acquisition debt.
We may in the future be presented with attractive investment or strategic
opportunities that, because of their size and the financial condition of Vishay
at the time, would require the issuance of substantial additional amounts of our
common stock. If such opportunities were to arise, our Board of Directors would
need to consider the potentially dilutive effect on the interests and voting
power of our existing stockholders. In particular, our Board of Directors
believes that it is in our best interest to ensure the continued vision and
influence of our founder, Dr. Felix Zandman, over our corporate affairs. Dr.
Zandman currently has effective voting control over Vishay through our Class B
common stock, by direct ownership, family trusts, and a voting trust agreement,
such that he has approximately 45% of our outstanding voting power. The
reluctance to issue additional shares could impede our future
growth.
Factors related to the intended spin-off of the Vishay Precision Group
We may not be able to complete the intended
spin-off of the Vishay Precision Group.
On October 27, 2009,
we announced that we intend to spin-off our measurements and foil resistors
businesses into an independent, publicly-traded company to be named Vishay
Precision Group, Inc. Our board and management team, in consultation with
independent financial and legal advisors, are working on the requirements to
finalize and execute the spin-off in the second quarter of 2010. The spin-off
will be subject to a number of conditions, including, among other things:
favorable market conditions, receipt of U.S. and Israeli tax rulings or
opinions, compliance with applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and other
customary conditions. If we are unable to satisfy any of the conditions or
favorable market conditions are not present, we may not be able to complete the
intended spin-off. If we are unable to complete the intended spin-off, we will
have incurred unnecessary costs that have resulted in no value to us or our
stockholders.
Completion of the intended spin-off of the
Vishay Precision Group may not result in the intended increase in
stockholder value.
Our board and
management team, after consultation with independent financial and legal
advisors, believe that the spin-off of the Vishay Precision Group as currently
planned maximizes stockholder value. There can be no assurance, however, that
the combined trading prices of our common stock and the common stock of Vishay
Precision Group will equal or exceed what the trading price of our common stock
would have been in the absence of a spin-off, either immediately following the
spin-off or in the longer term. The combined price of the common stock of the
two companies following the spin-off could be lower than anticipated for a
variety of reasons, including, among others, the inability of Vishay Precision
Group to compete effectively as an independent company, realignment of the
stockholder population of Vishay Precision Group in the period following the
spin-off, and changes in market perception of the prospects of Vishay and Vishay
Precision Group as a consequence of the spinoff.
Vishay Precision Group will be using the
Vishay name under license from us, which could result
in product and market confusion.
If the spin-off is
completed, Vishay Precision Group will have a worldwide, perpetual and
royalty-free license from us to use the “Vishay” mark as part of its
corporate name and in connection with the manufacture, sale, and marketing of
the products and services that comprise its measurements and foil resistors
businesses. The license of the Vishay name to Vishay Precision Group is
important because we anticipate that the success of Vishay Precision Group will
depend in no small measure on the reputation of the Vishay brand for these
products and services built over many years. Nonetheless, there exists the risk
that the use by Vishay Precision Group could cause confusion in the marketplace
over the products of the two companies, and that any negative publicity
associated with a product or service of Vishay Precision Group following the
spin-off could be mistakenly attributed to our company.
-23-
General Economic and Business Factors
In addition to the
factors relating specifically to our business, a variety of other factors
relating to general conditions could cause actual results, performance, or
achievements to differ materially from those expressed in any of our
forward-looking statements. These factors include:
- overall economic and business
conditions;
- competitive factors in the
industries in which we conduct our business;
- changes in governmental
regulation;
- changes in tax requirements,
including tax rate changes, new tax laws, and revised tax law
interpretations;
- changes in generally accepted
accounting principles or interpretations of those principles by governmental
agencies and self-regulatory groups;
- interest rate fluctuations,
foreign currency rate fluctuations, and other capital market conditions;
and
- economic and political conditions
in international markets, including governmental changes and restrictions on
the ability to transfer capital across borders.
Our common stock,
traded on the New York Stock Exchange, has in the past experienced, and may
continue to experience, significant fluctuations in price and volume. We believe
that the financial performance and activities of other publicly traded companies
in the electronic component and semiconductor industries could cause the price
of our common stock to fluctuate substantially without regard to our operating
performance.
We operate in a
continually changing business environment, and new factors emerge from time to
time. Other unknown and unpredictable factors also could have a material adverse
effect on our future results, performance, or financial condition.
Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF
COMMENTS
None.
-24-
Item 2. PROPERTIES
Our business has
approximately 61 manufacturing locations. Our manufacturing facilities include
owned and leased locations. Some locations include both owned and leased
facilities in the same location. The list of manufacturing facilities below
excludes manufacturing facilities that are presently idle due to our
restructuring activities. See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements
for further information related to our restructuring efforts, as well as
additional information in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Cost Management.”
In the opinion of
management, our properties and equipment generally are in good operating
condition and are adequate for our present needs. We do not anticipate
difficulty in renewing existing leases as they expire or in finding alternative
facilities.
The principal
locations of our owned manufacturing facilities, along with available space
including administrative offices, are as follows:
|
|
Approx. Available |
Owned
Locations |
Business Segment |
Space
(Square Feet) |
United
States |
|
|
Santa Clara, CA |
Semiconductors |
227,000 |
Columbus, NE |
Passive Components |
158,000 |
Monroe, CT |
Passive Components |
110,000 |
Wendell, NC* |
Passive Components |
106,000 |
Grafton, WI |
Passive Components |
102,000 |
Yankton, SD |
Passive Components |
58,000 |
Warwick, RI |
Passive Components |
55,000 |
Bennington, VT |
Passive Components |
54,000 |
Niagara Falls, NY |
Passive Components |
38,000 |
|
|
|
Non-U.S. |
|
|
Israel (5 locations)* |
Passive Components |
1,143,000 |
People’s Republic of China (3
locations)* |
Semiconductors and Passive
Components |
704,000 |
Germany (4 locations) |
Semiconductors and Passive Components |
539,000 |
Czech Republic (4 locations) |
Passive Components |
499,000 |
Malaysia |
Semiconductors |
480,000 |
Republic of China (Taiwan) (2
locations)* |
Semiconductors and Passive
Components |
418,000 |
India |
Passive Components |
296,000 |
France (3 locations)* |
Passive Components |
291,000 |
Netherlands |
Passive Components |
283,000 |
Portugal |
Passive Components |
167,000 |
Austria |
Semiconductors |
153,000 |
Philippines |
Passive Components |
150,000 |
Italy |
Semiconductors |
127,000 |
Hungary |
Semiconductors |
116,000 |
United Kingdom (2 locations)* |
Passive Components |
97,000 |
Mexico |
Passive Components |
57,000 |
Japan* |
Passive Components |
45,000 |
Costa Rica* |
Passive Components |
4,000 |
-25-
The principal
locations of our leased manufacturing facilities, along with available space
including administrative offices, are as follows:
|
|
Approx. Available |
Leased
Locations |
Business Segment |
Space
(Square Feet) |
United
States |
|
|
City of Industry and Ontario, CA* |
Passive Components |
124,000 |
Westbury, NY |
Semiconductors |
17,000 |
|
|
|
Non-U.S. |
|
|
People’s Republic of China (5 locations)* |
Semiconductors and Passive Components |
989,000 |
Austria |
Passive Components |
130,000 |
Mexico |
Passive Components |
128,000 |
India (2 locations)* |
Semiconductors and Passive
Components |
69,000 |
Israel |
Passive Components |
24,000 |
Germany (3 locations)* |
Semiconductors and Passive
Components |
32,000 |
Sweden* |
Passive Components |
30,000 |
Czech Republic |
Passive Components |
13,000 |
Republic of China (Taiwan)* |
Passive Components |
8,000 |
____________________
* |
|
Includes a location that is included in the intended spin-off.
Details of the locations are as follows: |
|
Approx. Available |
Owned
Locations |
Space
(Square Feet) |
Holon, Israel |
118,000 |
Wendell, North Carolina U.S.A. |
106,000 |
Carmiel, Israel |
90,000 |
Bradford, United Kingdom |
86,000 |
Akita, Japan |
45,000 |
Chartres, France |
11,000 |
Basingstoke, United Kingdom |
11,000 |
Alajuela, Costa Rica |
4,000 |
|
|
|
Approx. Available |
Leased
Locations |
Space
(Square Feet) |
City of Industry, California
U.S.A. |
78,000 |
Beijing, People’s Republic of China |
46,000 |
Chennai, India |
35,000 |
Degerfors, Sweden |
30,000 |
Netanya, Israel |
24,000 |
Tianjin, People’s Republic of China |
17,000 |
Taipei, Republic of China
(Taiwan) |
8,000 |
Teltow, Germany |
5,000 |
-26-
Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we
are involved in routine litigation incidental to our business. Management
believes that such matters, either individually or in the aggregate, should not
have a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition.
Intellectual Property Matters
We are engaged in
discussions with various parties regarding patent licensing and cross patent
licensing issues. In addition, we have observed that in the current business
environment, electronic component and semiconductor companies have become more
aggressive in asserting and defending patent claims against competitors. We will
continue to vigorously defend our intellectual property rights, and we may
become party to disputes regarding patent licensing and cross patent licensing.
An unfavorable outcome regarding one of these intellectual property matters
could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
When we believe other
companies are misappropriating our intellectual property rights, we vigorously
enforce those rights through legal action, and we intend to continue to do so.
During the past few years, we settled several suits which we had initiated to
enforce our intellectual property rights. We are receiving royalties on sales of
these companies’ products which use our technology. We presently have other
pending legal actions that we have initiated against companies which we believe
are misappropriating our intellectual property rights.
Siliconix Stockholder Matters
Proctor Litigation
In January 2005, an
amended class action complaint was filed in the Superior Court of California on
behalf of all non-Vishay stockholders of Siliconix against Vishay, Ernst &
Young LLP (the independent registered public accounting firm that audits the
Company’s financial statements), Dr. Felix Zandman, Executive Chairman and Chief
Technical and Business Development Officer of Vishay, and as a nominal
defendant, Siliconix. The suit made various claims against Vishay and the other
defendants for actions allegedly taken in respect of Siliconix during the period
when Vishay owned an 80.4% interest in Siliconix. The action, which we refer to
as the Proctor litigation on account of the lead plaintiff, sought injunctive
relief and unspecified damages.
In May 2005, Vishay
successfully completed a tender offer to acquire all shares of Siliconix that
were not already owned by Vishay. Following the announcement of Vishay’s intent
to make this tender offer, several purported class-action complaints were filed
in the Delaware Court of Chancery. These actions were consolidated into a single
class action and a settlement agreement was reached with the plaintiffs, who
effectively represented all non-Vishay stockholders of Siliconix. The settlement
agreement was approved by the Delaware Court of Chancery in October 2005.
The plaintiffs in the
Proctor litigation filed an amended complaint in the Superior Court of
California in November 2005. In June 2006, the Delaware Court of Chancery issued
a permanent injunction restraining the Proctor plaintiffs from prosecuting the
Proctor action. An appeal of the injunction order brought by a former
stockholder of Siliconix was dismissed by the Delaware Supreme Court in January
2007.
Also in June 2006,
the Proctor litigation was removed from the Superior Court of California to
federal District Court there. The District Court granted a motion by Ernst &
Young to dismiss the complaint and a motion by Vishay for summary judgment,
effective October 15, 2007. The Proctor plaintiffs thereafter filed a Notice of
Appeal to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. On October 9, 2009, the Court of
Appeals issued a decision affirming the dismissal of Proctor’s class action
claim and remanded the remaining two claims to state court. Vishay plans to move
in state court for summary judgment against the remaining claims.
-27-
Environmental Matters
Vishay is involved in
environmental remediation programs at various sites currently or formerly owned
by Vishay and its subsidiaries, in addition to involvement as a potentially
responsible party (“PRP”) at four Superfund sites. Certain obligations as a PRP
have arisen in connection with business acquisitions. The remediation programs
are on-going at four currently operating U.S. facilities, five currently
operating non-U.S. facilities, six formerly owned U.S. sites, and four Superfund
sites. The ultimate cost of site cleanup is difficult to predict given the
uncertainties regarding the extent of the required cleanup, the interpretation
of applicable laws and regulations, and alternative cleanup methods. See also
Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements.
Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY
HOLDERS
None.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE
REGISTRANT
The following table
sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers as of February
26, 2010:
Name |
|
Age |
|
Positions Held |
Dr. Felix Zandman* |
|
81 |
|
Executive Chairman of the Board,
Chief |
|
|
|
|
Technical and Business Development |
|
|
|
|
Officer |
Dr. Gerald Paul* |
|
61 |
|
Chief Executive Officer, President, and |
|
|
|
|
Director |
Marc Zandman* |
|
48 |
|
Vice-Chairman of the Board,
Chief |
|
|
|
|
Administration Officer, and President- |
|
|
|
|
Vishay Israel Ltd. |
Dr. Lior E. Yahalomi |
|
51 |
|
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial |
|
|
|
|
Officer |
Ziv Shoshani* |
|
43 |
|
Executive Vice President-Vishay
Precision |
|
|
|
|
Group, and Director |
____________________
* |
|
Member
of the Executive Committee of the Board of
Directors. |
Dr. Felix Zandman, a
founder of the Company, has been Chairman of the Board since 1989, and has been
a Director of the Company since its inception in 1962. Dr. Zandman became Chief
Technical and Business Development Officer on January 1, 2005. Dr. Zandman was
Chief Executive Officer of the Company from its inception in 1962 through
December 31, 2004, when Dr. Gerald Paul was appointed Chief Executive Officer.
Dr. Zandman had been President of the Company from its inception through March
1998.
Dr. Gerald Paul was
appointed Chief Executive Officer effective January 1, 2005. Dr. Paul has served
as a Director of the Company since 1993, and has been President of the Company
since March 1998. Dr. Paul also was Chief Operating Officer from 1996 to 2006.
Dr. Paul previously was an Executive Vice President of the Company from 1996 to
1998, and President of Vishay Electronic Components, Europe from 1994 to 1996.
Dr. Paul has been Managing Director of Vishay Electronic GmbH, a subsidiary of
the Company, since 1991. Dr. Paul has been employed by Vishay and a predecessor
company since 1978.
Marc Zandman was
appointed Chief Administration Officer as of January 1, 2007. Mr. Zandman has
been Vice-Chairman of the Board since 2003, a Director of the Company since
2001, and President of Vishay Israel Ltd. since 1998. Mr. Zandman was Group Vice
President of Vishay Measurements Group from 2002 to 2004. He is expected to
serve as non-executive Chairman of the Board of Vishay Precision Group if we
complete the intended spin-off. Mr. Zandman has served in various other
capacities with the Company since 1984. He is the son of Dr. Felix Zandman, the
Company’s Executive Chairman and Chief Technical and Business Development
Officer.
-28-
Dr. Lior E. Yahalomi
was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer effective
September 1, 2008. Dr. Yahalomi has been employed by the Company since 2006 and
was Sr. Vice President – Mergers and Acquisitions, from June 2006 to September
2008. Dr. Yahalomi has held several executive positions in the technology,
financial services, and venture capital industries, including Managing Partner
of CMGI’s @Ventures Technology Fund, Vice President for New Ventures of Gateway,
and Senior Vice President for Global Business Development of a business unit of
GE Capital. He is also an adjunct professor of marketing at the Wharton School
at the University of Pennsylvania and a Leadership Board Member of the Global
Consulting Practicum at the Wharton School.
Ziv Shoshani has been
Executive Vice President – Vishay Precision Group since November 1, 2009. He was
the Chief Operating Officer of the Company from January 1, 2007 to November 1,
2009. During 2006, he was the Deputy Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Shoshani had
served as an Executive Vice President of the Company since 2000 with various
areas of responsibility, including Executive Vice President of the Measurements
Group Division and Foil Resistors Division. Mr. Shoshani had been employed by
Vishay Intertechnology since 1995. Mr. Shoshani is expected to serve as the
Chief Executive Officer and President, and will also serve on the Board of
Directors of Vishay Precision Group if the intended spin-off is completed. He
will also resign his positions with Vishay, including his membership on our
board of directors, at that time. Mr. Shoshani is the nephew of Dr. Felix
Zandman, the Company’s Executive Chairman and Chief Technical and Business
Development Officer.
PART II
Item 5. |
|
MARKET
FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF
EQUITY
SECURITIES |
Our common stock is
listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol VSH. The following table
sets forth the high and low sales prices for our common stock as reported on the
New York Stock Exchange composite tape for the indicated fiscal quarters. We do
not currently pay cash dividends on our capital stock. Our policy is to retain
earnings to support the growth of our business and we do not intend to change
this policy at the present time. In addition, we are restricted from paying cash
dividends under the terms of our revolving credit agreement. See Note 6 to our
consolidated financial statements. Holders of record of our common stock totaled
approximately 1,500 at February 25, 2010.
|
|
2009 |
|
|
High |
|
Low |
Fourth quarter |
|
$ |
8.66 |
|
$ |
6.20 |
Third quarter |
|
$ |
8.49 |
|
$ |
6.08 |
Second quarter |
|
$ |
7.18 |
|
$ |
3.45 |
First quarter |
|
$ |
3.80 |
|
$ |
2.21 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
High |
|
Low |
Fourth quarter |
|
$ |
6.85 |
|
$ |
3.17 |
Third quarter |
|
$ |
10.27 |
|
$ |
6.32 |
Second quarter |
|
$ |
10.66 |
|
$ |
8.62 |
First quarter |
|
$ |
11.60 |
|
$ |
8.43 |
At February 25, 2010,
we had outstanding 14,352,839 shares of Class B common stock, par value $.10 per
share, each of which entitles the holder to ten votes. The Class B common stock
generally is not transferable except in certain very limited instances, and
there is no market for those shares. The Class B common stock is convertible, at
the option of the holder, into common stock on a share for share basis.
Substantially all of the Class B common stock is owned by Dr. Felix Zandman, our
Executive Chairman and Chief Technical and Business Development Officer; family
trusts controlled by Dr. Zandman and Mrs. Ruta Zandman, a director; the estate
of Mrs. Luella B. Slaner, a former director; the children of Mrs. Slaner; and
trusts for the benefit of the grandchildren of Mrs. Slaner, either directly or
beneficially. Directly, through family trusts, and as voting trustee under a
voting trust agreement, Dr. Zandman has sole or shared voting power over
substantially all of the outstanding Class B common stock.
-29-
Stock Performance Graph
The line graph below
compares the cumulative total stockholder return on Vishay’s common stock over a
5-year period with the returns on the Standard & Poor’s MidCap 400 Stock
Index (of which Vishay is a component), the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock
Index, and a peer group of companies selected by our management. The peer group
is made up of five publicly-held manufacturers of semiconductors, resistors,
capacitors, and other electronic components.* Management believes
that the product offerings of the companies contained in the peer group are more
similar to our product offerings than those of the companies contained in any
published industry index. The return of each peer issuer has been weighted
according to the respective issuer’s stock market capitalization. The line graph
assumes that $100 had been invested at December 31, 2004 and assumes that all
dividends were reinvested.
|
|
Years Ended
December 31, |
|
|
Base Period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company
Name/Index |
|
|
2004 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
2008 |
|
2009 |
Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. |
|
100.0 |
|
91.61 |
|
90.15 |
|
75.97 |
|
22.77 |
|
55.59 |
S&P 500 Index |
|
100.0 |
|
104.91 |
|
121.48 |
|
128.16 |
|
80.74 |
|
102.11 |
S&P MidCap 400 Index |
|
100.0 |
|
112.56 |
|
124.17 |
|
134.08 |
|
85.50 |
|
117.46 |
Peer Group* |
|
100.0 |
|
96.42 |
|
108.21 |
|
103.40 |
|
42.43 |
|
85.26 |
____________________
* |
|
AVX Corporation, Fairchild Semiconductor
International Inc., International Rectifier Corporation, KEMET
Corporation, and ON Semiconductor
Corporation. |
-30-
Item
6. SELECTED
FINANCIAL DATA
The following table
sets forth selected consolidated financial information as of and for the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005. This table should be
read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related
notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-K (in thousands, except per share amounts):
|
As of and for the years ended December
31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
(1) |
|
2009 (2) |
|
2008 (3) |
|
2007 (4) |
|
2006 (5) |
|
2005 (6) |
Statement of
Operations Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
$ |
2,042,033 |
|
|
$ |
2,822,211 |
|
|
$ |
2,833,266 |
|
|
$ |
2,581,477 |
|
$ |
2,296,521 |
|
Interest expense |
|
10,321 |
|
|
|
38,668 |
|
|
|
51,976 |
|
|
|
32,215 |
|
|
33,590 |
|
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
before taxes and noncontrolling interest |
|
(39,715 |
) |
|
|
(1,672,488 |
) |
|
|
182,340 |
|
|
|
191,550 |
|
|
77,772 |
|
Income taxes |
|
16,800 |
|
|
|
11,187 |
|
|
|
64,133 |
|
|
|
50,836 |
|
|
11,737 |
|
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
|
(56,515 |
) |
|
|
(1,683,675 |
) |
|
|
118,207 |
|
|
|
140,714 |
|
|
66,035 |
|
Loss from discontinued operations, net
of tax |
|
- |
|
|
|
(47,826 |
) |
|
|
(9,587 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
Net earnings (loss) |
|
(56,515 |
) |
|
|
(1,731,501 |
) |
|
|
108,620 |
|
|
|
140,714 |
|
|
66,035 |
|
Noncontrolling interest |
|
673 |
|
|
|
718 |
|
|
|
1,180 |
|
|
|
978 |
|
|
3,761 |
|
Net earnings (loss) attributable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
to Vishay stockholders |
|
(57,188 |
) |
|
|
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
|
107,440 |
|
|
|
139,736 |
|
|
62,274 |
|
Income (loss) from continuing
operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
attributable to Vishay stockholders, net of tax |
|
(57,188 |
) |
|
|
(1,684,393 |
) |
|
|
117,027 |
|
|
|
139,736 |
|
|
62,274 |
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share
attributable to Vishay stockholders:* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.04 |
) |
|
$ |
0.63 |
|
|
$ |
0.76 |
|
$ |
0.35 |
|
Discontinued operations |
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
$ |
- |
|
Net earnings (loss) |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.29 |
) |
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
$ |
0.76 |
|
$ |
0.35 |
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
attributable to Vishay stockholders:* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.04 |
) |
|
$ |
0.63 |
|
|
$ |
0.73 |
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
Discontinued operations |
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
$ |
- |
|
Net earnings (loss) |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.29 |
) |
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
$ |
0.73 |
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding –
basic |
|
186,605 |
|
|
|
186,403 |
|
|
|
185,646 |
|
|
|
184,400 |
|
|
177,606 |
|
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted |
|
186,605 |
|
|
|
186,403 |
|
|
|
192,351 |
|
|
|
210,316 |
|
|
189,321 |
|
|
Balance Sheet
Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
$ |
2,719,546 |
|
|
$ |
2,815,960 |
|
|
$ |
4,995,235 |
|
|
|
4,691,896 |
|
$ |
4,527,591 |
|
Long-term debt, less current
portion |
|
320,052 |
|
|
|
333,631 |
|
|
|
607,237 |
|
|
|
608,434 |
|
|
751,553 |
|
Working capital |
|
1,000,042 |
|
|
|
866,405 |
|
|
|
1,145,873 |
|
|
|
1,192,833 |
|
|
1,136,466 |
|
Total Vishay stockholders’
equity |
|
1,516,446 |
|
|
|
1,544,858 |
|
|
|
3,356,775 |
|
|
|
3,080,813 |
|
|
2,855,852 |
|
____________________
* May not add due to
rounding.
-31-
(1) |
|
Does
not include an adjustment to reflect the retrospective adoption of
Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Staff Position (“FSP”) APB
14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt
Instruments That May be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (including partial
cash settlement) (Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 470-20). As
described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements, effective
January 1, 2009, we adopted two accounting standards that required
retrospective adoption to previously issued financial statements. We used
a financial statement approach when adopting the standards and recorded a
cumulative effect adjustment as of the beginning of the periods presented
in the audited financial statements (January 1, 2007). Periods prior to
January 1, 2007 have not been adjusted to reflect the retrospective
adoption of the standard. |
|
|
|
(2) |
|
Includes net pretax charges of $96,379,000 for restructuring and
severance costs, asset write-downs, and executive compensation charges.
These charges were partially offset by a $28,195,000 settlement agreement
gain. These items, net of their related tax consequences, had a negative
$0.33 effect on earnings per share from continuing operations attributable
to Vishay stockholders. These items are more fully described in the notes
to the consolidated financial statements. |
|
|
|
(3) |
|
Includes the results of Vishay Transducers India Limited from June
30, 2008, of Powertron GmbH from July 23, 2008, and of the wet tantalum
business of KEMET Corporation from September 15, 2008. Also includes net
pretax charges of $1,796,298,000 for impairment of goodwill and
indefinite-lived intangible assets, restructuring and severance costs,
asset write-downs, terminated tender offer expenses, and losses on adverse
purchase commitments, partially offset by a gain on sale of a building.
Also includes additional tax expenses for one-time tax items totaling
$36,935,000. These items, net of their related tax consequences, had a
negative $9.49 effect on earnings per share from continuing operations
attributable to Vishay stockholders. These items are more fully described
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. |
|
|
|
(4) |
|
Includes the results of the Power Control Systems business from
April 1, 2007 and PM Group from April 19, 2007. Also includes net pretax
charges of $34,325,000 for restructuring and severance costs, asset
write-downs, and a contract termination charge. These charges were
partially offset by a gain on sale of a building. These items and their
related tax consequences, net of additional tax expenses for changes in
uncertain tax positions and valuation allowances, had a negative $0.22
effect on earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders. These
items are more fully described in the notes to the consolidated financial
statements. |
|
|
|
(5) |
|
Includes the results of Phoenix do Brasil from July 31, 2006. Also
includes net charges of $71,532,000 for restructuring and severance costs,
asset write-downs, inventory write-downs and write-offs, losses on
adjustments to purchase commitments, a loss on extinguishment of debt,
charges to increase environmental liabilities assumed from the 2001
General Semiconductor acquisition, and charges to resolve past quality
claims. These items and their related tax consequences had a negative
$0.26 effect on earnings per share attributable to Vishay
stockholders. |
|
|
|
(6) |
|
Includes the results of SI Technologies from April 28, 2005, of
Alpha Electronics K.K. from November 30, 2005, and reflects the
acquisition of the minority interest in Siliconix in May 2005 and the
assets of CyOptics Israel in October 2005. Also includes net charges of
$51,550,000 for restructuring and severance costs, asset write-downs, and
write-offs of purchased in-process research and development. These charges
were partially offset by a gain on a sale of land and gains on adjustments
to purchase commitments. In addition, tax expense includes an $8,977,000
benefit, primarily due to favorable foreign tax rulings. These items and
their related tax consequences had a negative $0.17 effect on earnings per
share attributable to Vishay
stockholders. |
Management believes that stating the impact on
net earnings of items such as goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset
impairment charges, restructuring and severance costs, asset write-downs,
inventory write-downs and write-offs, gains or losses on purchase commitments,
contract termination charges, gains on insurance proceeds, charges for
in-process research and development, special tax items, and other items is
meaningful to investors because it provides insight with respect to intrinsic
operating results of the Company.
-32-
Item 7. |
|
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS |
Overview
Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. is an international manufacturer and supplier of discrete
semiconductors and passive electronic components, including power MOSFETs, power
integrated circuits, transistors, diodes, optoelectronic components, resistors,
capacitors, inductors, strain gages, load cells / transducers, stress analysis
instrumentation, weigh modules, and systems. Discrete semiconductors and passive
electronic components manufactured by Vishay are used in virtually all types of
electronic products, including those in the industrial, computer, automotive,
consumer electronic products, telecommunications, military/aerospace, and
medical industries.
We operate in two
product segments, Semiconductors and Passive Components. Semiconductors segment
products include transistors, diodes, rectifiers, certain types of integrated
circuits, and optoelectronic products. Passive Components segment products
include resistors, capacitors, and inductors. We include in the Passive
Components segment our Measurements Group, which manufactures and markets strain
gages, load cells / transducers, stress analysis instrumentation, weighing
modules, and systems whose core components are resistors that are sensitive to
various types of mechanical stress. On October 27, 2009, we announced that we
intend to spin-off our measurements and foil resistors businesses into an
independent, publicly-traded company to be named Vishay Precision Group,
Inc.
As described in Note
1 to our consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2009, we
adopted two accounting standards that require retrospective adjustment to
previously issued financial statements. The results of operations for the years
ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 have been recast to include the
retrospective effects of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Staff
Position (“FSP”) APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May be Settled in Cash
upon Conversion (including partial cash settlement) (Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)
Topic 470-20). We have published unaudited selected financial data reflecting
the retrospective adoption of these accounting standards, which was filed with
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 99 to our current report
on Form 8-K dated April 13, 2009. The retrospective application of this guidance
increased the reported loss from continuing operations attributable to Vishay
stockholders by $0.8 million, or $0.00 per share, for the year ended December
31, 2008 and decreased the reported income from continuing operations
attributable to Vishay stockholders by $23.3 million, or $0.11 per share, for
the year ended December 31, 2007.
Net revenues for the
year ended December 31, 2009 were $2.042 billion, compared to net revenues of
$2.822 billion and $2.833 billion for the years ended December 31, 2008 and
2007, respectively.
The net loss
attributable to Vishay stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008,
and 2007 include various items affecting comparability as listed in the
reconciliation schedule below. The schedule below includes certain financial
measures which are not recognized in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles (“GAAP”), including adjusted net earnings (loss) and
adjusted net earnings (loss) per share. These non-GAAP measures should not be
viewed as an alternative to GAAP measures of performance. Non-GAAP measures such
as adjusted net earnings (loss) and adjusted net earnings (loss) per share do
not have uniform definitions. These measures, as calculated by Vishay, may not
be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. Management
believes that these measures are meaningful because they provide insight with
respect to our intrinsic operating results. Reconciling items to arrive at
adjusted net earnings represent significant charges or credits that are
important to understanding our intrinsic operations.
-33-
The items affecting
comparability are (dollars in thousands):
|
Year
ended |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
GAAP net earnings (loss) attributable to
Vishay stockholders |
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
$ |
107,440 |
|
|
Reconciling items affecting gross
margin: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on purchase commitment |
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
6,024 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
Reconciling items affecting operating
margin: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restructuring and severance costs |
$ |
37,874 |
|
|
$ |
62,537 |
|
|
$ |
14,681 |
|
Asset write-downs |
|
681 |
|
|
|
5,073 |
|
|
|
3,869 |
|
Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles |
|
- |
|
|
|
1,723,174 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Terminated tender offer
expenses |
|
- |
|
|
|
4,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Settlement agreement gain |
|
(28,195 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Executive employment agreement
charge |
|
57,824 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Gain on sale of building |
|
- |
|
|
|
(4,510 |
) |
|
|
(3,118 |
) |
Contract termination charge |
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
18,893 |
|
|
Reconciling items affecting tax expense
(benefit): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax effects of items above and other one-time tax expense
(benefit) |
$ |
(7,737 |
) |
|
$ |
(26,341 |
) |
|
$ |
7,999 |
|
|
Loss from discontinued
operations |
|
- |
|
|
|
47,826 |
|
|
|
9,587 |
|
|
Adjusted net earnings |
$ |
3,259 |
|
|
$ |
85,564 |
|
|
$ |
159,351 |
|
|
Adjusted weighted average diluted shares
outstanding |
|
186,778 |
|
|
|
192,754 |
|
|
|
192,352 |
|
|
Adjusted earnings per diluted share
* |
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.45 |
|
|
$ |
0.85 |
|
____________________
* Includes add-back
of interest on exchangeable notes in periods where the notes are
dilutive.
On April 7, 2008, we
sold the automotive modules and subsystems business unit (“ASBU”) acquired on
April 1, 2007 as part of the acquisition of the PCS business of International
Rectifier. The operations of ASBU have been classified as discontinued
operations for the entire period of ownership. Including the loss from
discontinued operations, the net loss attributable to Vishay stockholders for
the year ended December 31, 2008 was $1,732.2 million.
Our results for years
ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were substantially impacted by the global
economic recession. Due to our quick reaction to the recession, we have
mitigated the loss of sales volume that we experienced through significant
reductions of fixed costs and inventories, we have continued to generate
positive cash flows from operations, and following several quarters of
experiencing losses we began to recover from the global economic recession and
once again showed positive net earnings beginning in the third fiscal quarter of
2009.
-34-
Financial Metrics
We utilize several
financial metrics to evaluate the performance and assess the future direction of
our business. These key financial measures and metrics include net revenues,
gross profit margin, end-of-period backlog, and the book-to-bill ratio. We also
monitor changes in inventory turnover and average selling prices (“ASP”).
Gross profit margin
is computed as gross profit as a percentage of net revenues. Gross profit is
generally net revenues less costs of products sold, but also deducts certain
other period costs, particularly losses on purchase commitments and inventory
write-downs. Losses on purchase commitments and inventory write-downs have the
impact of reducing gross profit margin in the period of the charge, but result
in improved gross profit margins in subsequent periods by reducing costs of
products sold as inventory is used. Gross profit margin is clearly a function of
net revenues, but also reflects our cost management programs and our ability to
contain fixed costs.
End-of-period backlog
is one indicator of future revenues. We include in our backlog only open orders
that have been released by the customer for shipment in the next twelve months.
If demand falls below customers’ forecasts, or if customers do not control their
inventory effectively, they may cancel or reschedule the shipments that are
included in our backlog, in many instances without the payment of any penalty.
Therefore, the backlog is not necessarily indicative of the results to be
expected for future periods.
An important
indicator of demand in our industry is the book-to-bill ratio, which is the
ratio of the amount of product ordered during a period as compared with the
product that we ship during that period. A book-to-bill ratio that is greater
than one indicates that our backlog is building and that we are likely to see
increasing revenues in future periods. Conversely, a book-to-bill ratio that is
less than one is an indicator of declining demand and may foretell declining
revenues.
We focus on our
inventory turnover as a measure of how well we are managing our inventory. We
define inventory turnover for a financial reporting period as our costs of
products sold for the four fiscal quarters ending on the last day of the
reporting period divided by our average inventory (computed using each fiscal
quarter-end balance) for this same period. The inventory balance used for
computation of this ratio includes tantalum inventories in excess of a one year
supply, which are classified as other assets in the consolidated balance sheet.
See Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements. A higher level of
inventory turnover reflects more efficient use of our capital.
Pricing in our
industry can be volatile. We analyze trends and changes in average selling
prices to evaluate likely future pricing. The erosion of average selling prices
of established products is typical for the Semiconductors industry. We attempt
to offset this deterioration with ongoing cost reduction activities and new
product introductions. Our specialty Passive Components are more resistant to
average selling price erosion.
-35-
The
quarter-to-quarter trends in these financial metrics can also be an important
indicator of the likely direction of our business. The following table shows net
revenues, gross profit margin, the end-of-period backlog, the book-to-bill
ratio, the inventory turnover, and changes in ASP for our business as a whole
during the five fiscal quarters beginning with the fourth fiscal quarter of 2008
and through the fourth fiscal quarter of 2009 (dollars in thousands):
|
4th Quarter |
|
1st Quarter |
|
2nd Quarter |
|
3rd Quarter |
|
4th Quarter |
|
2008 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
Net revenues |
$ |
575,442 |
|
$ |
449,511 |
|
$ |
460,258 |
|
$ |
525,304 |
|
$ |
606,960 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit margin* |
|
14.8% |
|
|
15.1% |
|
|
17.1% |
|
|
19.9% |
|
|
22.6% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End-of-period backlog |
$ |
459,700 |
|
$ |
400,400 |
|
$ |
432,800 |
|
$ |
502,200 |
|
$ |
630,100 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Book-to-bill ratio |
|
0.74 |
|
|
0.89 |
|
|
1.06 |
|
|
1.11 |
|
|
1.22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory turnover |
|
3.40 |
|
|
2.84 |
|
|
3.02 |
|
|
3.53 |
|
|
4.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in ASP vs. prior
quarter |
|
0.0% |
|
|
-1.0% |
|
|
-1.1% |
|
|
-0.8% |
|
|
-0.1% |
____________________
* Gross profit margin
for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2008 includes losses on adverse purchase
commitments of $6.0 million.
See “Financial
Metrics by Segment” below for net revenues, book-to-bill ratio, and gross profit
margin broken out by segment.
The recovery of our
business continued in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2009. Net revenues for the
fourth fiscal quarter increased more than expected on a sequential basis due to
a dramatic increase in demand for electronic components across all geographies,
markets, and sales channels in the quarter. Gross margins also increased
sequentially due to increased volume and the benefits of our past restructuring
and other cost cutting initiatives.
The book-to-bill
ratio continued to improve in the fourth fiscal quarter. Due to exceptionally
strong orders from distributors, the book-to-bill ratio improved to 1.22 from
1.11 in the third fiscal quarter of 2009. The book-to-bill ratio for
distributors and original equipment manufacturers (“OEM”) were 1.37 and 1.06,
respectively, versus ratios of 1.17 and 1.06, respectively, during the third
fiscal quarter of 2009.
Average selling
prices remained relatively consistent versus the third fiscal quarter and have
declined at a continually slower pace versus the previous year. We expect less
pronounced pricing pressure in 2010.
-36-
Financial Metrics by Segment
The following table
shows net revenues, book-to-bill ratio, and gross profit margin broken out by
segment for the five fiscal quarters beginning with the fourth fiscal quarter of
2008 through the fourth fiscal quarter of 2009 (dollars in thousands):
|
4th Quarter |
|
1st Quarter |
|
2nd Quarter |
|
3rd Quarter |
|
4th Quarter |
|
2008 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
Semiconductors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
$ |
272,669 |
|
$ |
198,995 |
|
$ |
227,347 |
|
$ |
276,745 |
|
$ |
301,839 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Book-to-bill ratio |
|
0.59 |
|
|
0.96 |
|
|
1.14 |
|
|
1.13 |
|
|
1.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit margin(1) |
|
11.5% |
|
|
6.6% |
|
|
14.4% |
|
|
16.5% |
|
|
18.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Passive
Components |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
$ |
302,773 |
|
$ |
250,516 |
|
$ |
232,911 |
|
$ |
248,559 |
|
$ |
305,121 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Book-to-bill ratio |
|
0.88 |
|
|
0.84 |
|
|
0.97 |
|
|
1.09 |
|
|
1.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit margin(2) |
|
17.8% |
|
|
21.9% |
|
|
19.7% |
|
|
23.6% |
|
|
27.1% |
____________________
(1) Gross profit
margin for the Semiconductors segment for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2008
includes losses on adverse purchase commitments of $3.7 million.
(2) Gross profit
margin for the Passive Components segment for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2008
includes losses on adverse purchase commitments of $2.3 million.
-37-
Acquisition and Divestiture
Activity
As part of our growth
strategy, we seek to expand through targeted and synergistic acquisitions of
other manufacturers of electronic components that have established positions in
major markets, reputations for product quality and reliability, and product
lines with which we have substantial marketing and technical expertise. This
includes exploring opportunities to acquire smaller targets to gain market
share, effectively penetrate different geographic markets, enhance new product
development, round out our product lines, or grow our high margin niche market
businesses. Acquisitions of passive components businesses would likely be made
to strengthen and broaden our position as a specialty product supplier;
acquisitions of discrete semiconductor businesses would be made to increase
market share and to exploit synergies.
Due to deteriorating
economic conditions that began in the fourth quarter of 2008, we did not
actively pursue acquisitions in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2008 and continuing
into the third fiscal quarter of 2009. Due to improving economic conditions, our
strong liquidity and cash position, and our ability to generate free cash in
every quarter of 2009, we returned to our strategy of exploring synergistic
acquisition opportunities in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2009, but did not
announce or complete any acquisitions in 2009.
We completed three
strategic acquisitions in 2008 and two strategic acquisitions in 2007. We also
divested certain non-core businesses acquired in these transactions.
2009 Activities
On October 27, 2009,
we announced that we intend to spin-off our measurements and foil resistors
businesses into an independent, publicly-traded company to be named Vishay
Precision Group, Inc. The spin-off is expected to take the form of a tax-free
stock dividend to Vishay’s stockholders and it is anticipated that holders of
Vishay common stock will receive common stock of Vishay Precision Group and
holders of Vishay Class B common stock will receive Class B common stock of
Vishay Precision Group. We have not yet finalized details of the spin-off.
The product lines
which will comprise Vishay Precision Group are included in the Passive
Components segment. Revenues for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and
2007 were approximately $172 million, $242 million, and $239 million,
respectively. The spin-off would enable the management teams of both companies
to better focus on the unique issues facing their respective businesses and
permit each company to pursue its own business plan, resource allocation and
growth strategies, as well as attract the best personnel through compensation
that is more closely tied to the performance of each company. If the spin-off is
completed, we expect to be a more competitive, pure-play discrete electronic
components company.
Our Board and
management team, in consultation with independent financial and legal advisors,
are working on the requirements to finalize and execute the spin-off and expect
the spin-off to occur in the second quarter of 2010. The spin-off will be
subject to a number of conditions, including, among other things: final approval
of Vishay’s Board of Directors, favorable market conditions, receipt of U.S. and
Israeli tax rulings or opinions, compliance with applicable rules and
regulations of the SEC and other customary conditions.
-38-
2008 Activities
During 2008, we made
three acquisitions. On June 30, 2008, we acquired our partner’s 51% interest in
a transducer manufacturing joint venture in India for approximately $9.6
million. On July 23, 2008, we acquired Powertron GmbH, a manufacturer of
specialty precision resistors, for approximately $14.3 million, including the
repayment of certain debt of Powertron. On September 15, 2008, we acquired the
wet tantalum capacitor business of KEMET Corporation for $35.2 million and other
consideration in the form of a three-year term loan of $15 million. Terms of the
secured loan of $15 million to KEMET from Vishay include a three-year
non-amortizing maturity, an interest rate of LIBOR plus four percent, and
security consisting of accounts receivable.
As further described
in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, during 2008, we made an
unsolicited offer to acquire all outstanding shares of International Rectifier
Corporation (“International Rectifier”). This tender offer was terminated on
October 13, 2008. We incurred $4 million of costs associated with the
International Rectifier tender offer, which are presented as a separate line
item in the consolidated statements of operations. As described below, in April
2007, we acquired the PCS business of International Rectifier. On April 7, 2008,
we sold the automotive modules and subsystems business unit (“ASBU”) we had
acquired as part of the acquisition of the PCS business. During the first fiscal
quarter of 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of $32.3 million to reduce the
carrying value of the net assets of ASBU to the selling price. We recorded an
additional after tax loss of $5.7 million during the fourth fiscal quarter of
2008 subsequent to the resolution of a net working capital adjustment and the
resolution of certain disputes with the buyer.
2007 Activities
On April 1, 2007, we
acquired the PCS business of International Rectifier for approximately $285.6
million in cash, net of cash acquired. The acquired product lines, which
complemented our existing product portfolio, consist of planar high-voltage
MOSFETs, Schottky diodes, diode rectifiers, fast-recovery diodes, high-power
diodes and thyristors, power modules (a combination of power diodes, thyristors,
MOSFETs, and IGBTs), and automotive modules and subsystems. As further described
above, we sold the automotive modules and subsystems business unit on April 7,
2008.
On June 25, 2009,
Vishay and International Rectifier entered into a settlement agreement with
respect to the acquisition.
Under the settlement,
International Rectifier refunded $30.0 million of the purchase price associated
with the acquisition, and we released International Rectifier from claims
relating to certain outstanding disputes regarding the acquisition.
In addition, Vishay
and International Rectifier clarified and revised the covenant-not-to-compete
associated with the acquisition to permit International Rectifier to, under
certain conditions, develop, design, manufacture and sell certain additional
products that incorporate technologies sold or licensed to us in the
acquisition. As part of the settlement, we will continue as a supplier of
certain products to International Rectifier and will receive a license to
certain additional technology developed in the future by International
Rectifier.
As part of the
goodwill impairment charges recorded during 2008 (see Note 3), all goodwill
associated with the PCS business was written off. We recorded a gain of $28.2
million during the second quarter of 2009, equal to the amount received pursuant
to the settlement agreement less certain related expenses.
On April 19, 2007, we
declared our cash tender offer for all shares of PM Group PLC wholly
unconditional, and assumed ownership of PM Group. PM Group is an advanced
designer and manufacturer of systems used in the weighing and process control
industries, located in the United Kingdom. The aggregate cash paid for all
shares of PM Group was approximately $45.7 million. The transaction was funded
using cash on-hand. We immediately sold PM Group’s electrical contracting
subsidiary for approximately $16.1 million. No gain or loss was recognized on
the sale of the electrical contracting business.
-39-
Cost Management
We place a strong
emphasis on reducing our costs. Since 2001, we have been implementing aggressive
cost reduction programs to enhance our competitiveness, particularly in light of
the erosion of average selling prices of established products that is typical of
the industry.
Historically, our
primary cost reduction technique was through the transfer of production to the
extent possible from high-labor-cost markets, such as the United States and
Western Europe, to lower-labor-cost markets, such as the Czech Republic, Israel,
India, Malaysia, Mexico, the People’s Republic of China, and the Philippines.
The percentage of our total headcount in lower-labor-cost countries is a measure
of the extent to which we are successful in implementing this program. This
percentage was 74.6% at the end of 2009, 74.6% at the end of 2008, 74.0% at the
end of 2007, and 57% when this program began in 2001. Our long-term target is to
have between 75% and 80% of our headcount in lower-labor-cost countries. As we
approach, and then maintain, this target headcount allocation, our cost
reduction efforts are more directed towards consolidating facilities and other
cost cutting measures to control fixed costs, rather than transfers of
production to lower-labor-cost markets.
These production
transfers and other long-term cost cutting measures require us to initially
incur significant severance and other exit costs and to record losses on excess
buildings and equipment. We anticipate that we will realize the benefits of our
restructuring through lower labor costs and other operating expenses in future
periods. Between 2001 and 2009, we recorded, in the consolidated statements of
operations, restructuring and severance costs totaling $323 million and related
asset write-downs totaling $87 million in order to reduce our cost structure
going forward. We have realized, and expect to continue to realize, significant
annual net cost savings associated with these restructuring activities.
A primary tenet of
our business strategy is the expansion within the electronic components industry
through acquisitions. In addition to the objectives of broadening our product
portfolio and increasing our market reach, our acquisition strategy includes a
focus on reducing selling, general, and administrative expenses through the
integration or elimination of redundant sales offices and administrative
functions at acquired companies, and achieving significant production cost
savings through the transfer and expansion of manufacturing operations to
countries where we can benefit from lower labor costs and available tax and
other government-sponsored incentives. These plant closure and employee
termination costs subsequent to acquisitions are also integral to our cost
reduction programs, although these amounts were not significant in the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
We evaluate potential
restructuring projects based on an expected payback period. The payback period
represents the number of years of annual cost savings necessary to recover the
initial cash outlay for severance and other exit costs plus the noncash expenses
recognized for asset write-downs. In general, a restructuring project must have
a payback period of less than 3 years to be considered beneficial. On average,
our restructuring projects have a payback period of between 1 and 1.5 years.
The perpetual erosion
of average selling prices of established products that is typical of our
industry makes it imperative that we continually seek ways to reduce our costs.
Furthermore, our long-term strategy is to grow through the integration of
acquired businesses. Under previous accounting guidance, plant closure and
employee termination costs that we incurred in connection with our acquisition
activities were included in the costs of our acquisitions and did not affect
earnings or losses on our consolidated statement of operations. Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141-R, Business Combinations (ASC Topic 805), which Vishay
adopted effective January 1, 2009, requires such costs to be recorded as
expenses in our consolidated statement of operations, as such expenses are
incurred. For these reasons, we expect to have some level of restructuring
expenses each period for the foreseeable future.
-40-
We expect these
restructuring programs to result in higher profitability through better gross
margins and lower selling, general, and administrative expenses. However, these
programs to improve our profitability also involve certain risks that could
materially impact our future operating results, as further detailed in Item 1A,
“Risk Factors.”
We expanded our
restructuring programs in 2008 to further reduce costs. Most of the costs
related to our planned 2008 restructuring projects were recorded in the first
quarter of 2008. These projects include the transfer of production of resistor
products from Brazil to India and the Czech Republic and the transfer of certain
processes in Belgium and the United States to third party subcontractors. We
also transferred certain production from the Netherlands and the United States
to Israel in 2008. We expect the planned restructuring projects initiated in
2008 to generate approximately $25 million of annual cost savings, of which
approximately 60% of the savings would reduce costs of products sold, and
approximately 40% of the savings would result in reduced selling, general, and
administrative costs. We began to realize some of these savings in the second
half of 2008.
In response to the
economic downturn during the latter half of 2008, we undertook significant
measures to cut costs. This included a strict adaptation of manufacturing
capacity to sellable volume, limiting the building of product for inventory. It
also included permanent employee terminations, temporary layoffs and shutdowns,
and minimizing the use of foundries and subcontractors in order to maximize the
load of our owned facilities.
We incurred
restructuring and severance costs of $28.6 million during the fourth quarter of
2008, and incurred additional restructuring and severance costs of $37.9 million
during the year ended December 31, 2009. These costs were incurred as part of
our goal to reduce manufacturing and SG&A fixed costs in 2009 by $200
million compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Our fixed costs for the
year ended December 31, 2009 decreased by $176 million versus the comparable
prior year. Of these amounts, approximately 45% reduced costs of products sold
and approximately 55% reduced SG&A expenses.
Certain components of
our costs, while fixed in that they do not vary with changes in volume, are
subject to volatility. This would include, for example, the effect of certain
assets that are marked-to-market through the statement of operations, and
certain transactions in foreign currencies. Furthermore, as described above,
some of our cost reductions realized in 2009 are the result of temporary
measures, which we intend to replace with more permanent actions. Accordingly,
there is no assurance that all of the fixed cost reductions achieved in 2009
will be maintained in 2010.
Our 2009
restructuring programs included headcount reductions in virtually every facility
and every country in which we operate, as well as selected plant closures. We
closed two facilities in the United States and consolidated manufacturing for
these product lines into other facilities. We also consolidated our
optoelectronics packaging facilities in Asia. We also successfully closed a film
capacitor plant in Shanghai and increased production on existing equipment in
Loni, India to replace the production volume of the closed plant.
Since the beginning
of the economic downturn, we have drastically reduced our fixed costs lowering
our break-even point permanently by approximately $500 million. Our
defined restructuring programs have been implemented or announced, which will
result in low restructuring charges going forward.
While streamlining
and reducing fixed overhead, we are exercising caution so that we will not
negatively impact our customer service or our ability to further develop
products and processes. Our cost management plans also include expansion of
certain critical capacities, which we hope will reduce average materials and
processing costs.
-41-
Israeli Government
Incentives
We have substantial
manufacturing operations in Israel, where we benefit from the government’s
grants and tax incentive programs. These benefits take the form of government
grants and reduced tax rates that are lower than those in the United
States.
Israeli government
grants are awarded to specific projects. These grants are intended to promote
employment in Israel’s industrial sector and are conditioned on the recipient
maintaining certain prescribed employment levels. Grants are paid when the
related projects are approved by the Israeli government and become operational.
Israeli government grants, recorded as a reduction in the costs of products
sold, were $0.7 million, $1.4 million, and $4.8 million, in 2009, 2008, and
2007, respectively. At December 31, 2009, our consolidated balance sheet
reflected $2.5 million in deferred grant income.
Under the terms of
the Israeli government’s incentive programs, once a project is approved, the
recipient is eligible to receive the benefits of the related grants for the life
of the project, so long as the recipient continues to meet preset eligibility
standards. None of our approved projects has ever been cancelled, and we have
already received approval for a majority of the projects contemplated by our
capital expenditure program. Over the past few years, the Israeli government has
scaled back or discontinued some of its incentive programs. There can be no
assurance that we will maintain our eligibility for existing projects or that in
the future the Israeli government will continue to offer new incentive programs
applicable to us or that, if it does, such programs will provide the same level
of benefits we have historically received or that we will continue to be
eligible to receive such benefits. Because we have received approvals for most
projects currently contemplated, we do not anticipate that cutbacks in the
incentive programs for new projects would have an adverse impact on our earnings
and operations for at least several years.
Metals Purchase
Commitments
Certain metals used
in the manufacture of our products are traded on active markets, and can be
subject to significant price volatility. Our policy is to enter into short-term
commitments to purchase defined portions of annual consumption of these metals
if market prices decline below budget. For much of 2008, these metals were
trading near all-time record-high prices. During the fourth quarter of 2008, as
metals prices declined significantly from these record-high prices, we entered
into commitments to purchase a portion of our estimated 2009 metals needs,
principally for copper and palladium. After entering into these commitments, the
market prices for these metals continued to decline. As a result, we recorded
losses on these adverse purchase commitments during the fourth quarter of 2008
totaling $6.0 million.
Tower Semiconductor Foundry
Agreement
Our Siliconix
subsidiary maintains long-term foundry agreements with subcontractors to ensure
access to external front-end capacity.
In 2004, Siliconix
signed a definitive long-term foundry agreement for semiconductor manufacturing
with Tower Semiconductor (the “2004 agreement”), pursuant to which Siliconix
would purchase semiconductor wafers from and transfer certain technologies to
Tower Semiconductor. Pursuant to the 2004 agreement, Siliconix was required to
place orders valued at approximately $200 million for the purchase of
semiconductor wafers to be manufactured in Tower’s Fab 1 facility over a seven
to ten year period. The 2004 agreement specified minimum quantities per month
and a fixed quantity for the term of the agreement. Siliconix was required to
pay for any short-fall in minimum order quantities specified under the agreement
through the payment of penalties equal to unavoidable fixed costs.
Pursuant to the 2004
agreement, Siliconix advanced $20 million to Tower in 2004, to be used for the
purchase of additional equipment required to satisfy Siliconix’s orders. This
advance was considered a prepayment on future wafer purchases, reducing the per
wafer cost to Siliconix over the term of the agreement.
During 2007,
Siliconix was committed to purchase approximately $22 million of semiconductor
wafers, but did not meet its commitments due to changing market demand for
products manufactured using wafers supplied by Tower. Siliconix was required to
pay penalties of approximately $1.7 million, which were recorded as a component
of cost of products sold.
-42-
In January 2008,
Siliconix reached an agreement in principle to revise the 2004 agreement to more
accurately reflect market demand. Based on the penalties paid in 2007 and the
agreement in principle, during the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company recorded
a write-off of the balance of the 2004 advance to Tower in the amount of $16.4
million, and accrued an additional $2.5 million based on its best estimate of
additional contract termination charges related to the original
agreement.
At December 31, 2007,
the remaining future purchase commitments under the 2004 agreement were
approximately $160 million.
In March 2008,
Siliconix and Tower entered into an amended and restated foundry agreement (the
“2008 agreement”). Pursuant to the 2008 agreement, Tower continued to
manufacture wafers covered by the 2004 agreement, but at lower quantities and at
lower prices, through 2009. Tower also manufactures wafers for other product
lines acquired as part of the PCS acquisition through 2012. Siliconix must pay
for any short-fall in the reduced minimum order quantities specified under the
2008 agreement through the payment of penalties equal to unavoidable fixed
costs. Additionally, as contemplated, Siliconix agreed to forgive the balance of
the 2004 advance and paid a $2.5 million contract termination
charge.
The foundry agreement
with Tower was further amended in March 2009, further reducing the quantity of
commitments. As consideration, Siliconix paid $3,000,000 to Tower, which was
recorded as a component of cost of products sold. A portion of this payment may
be refunded if orders exceed the minimum order commitment.
Foreign Currency
Translation
We are exposed to
foreign currency exchange rate risks, particularly due to transactions in
currencies other than the functional currencies of certain subsidiaries. While
we have in the past used forward exchange contracts to hedge a portion of our
projected cash flows from these exposures, we generally have not done so in
recent periods.
Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 52 (ASC Topic 830) requires that
entities identify the “functional currency” of each of their subsidiaries and
measure all elements of the financial statements in that functional currency. A
subsidiary’s functional currency is the currency of the primary economic
environment in which it operates. In cases where a subsidiary is relatively
self-contained within a particular country, the local currency is generally
deemed to be the functional currency. However, a foreign subsidiary that is a
direct and integral component or extension of the parent company’s operations
generally would have the parent company’s currency as its functional currency.
We have both situations among our subsidiaries.
Foreign Subsidiaries which use the Local Currency as the Functional
Currency
We finance our
operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies, and
accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the local currency as their functional
currency. For those subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional
currency, assets and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets have been
translated at the rate of exchange as of the balance sheet date. Translation
adjustments do not impact the results of operations and are reported as a
separate component of stockholders’ equity.
For those
subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional currency, revenues and
expenses are translated at the average exchange rate for the year. While the
translation of revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars does not directly impact
the consolidated statement of operations, the translation effectively increases
or decreases the U.S. dollar equivalent of revenues generated and expenses
incurred in those foreign currencies. The dollar generally was stronger in the
year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the prior year, with the translation of
foreign currency revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars decreasing reported
revenues and expenses versus the comparable prior year periods.
-43-
Foreign Subsidiaries which use the U.S. Dollar as the Functional
Currency
Our operations in
Israel and most significant locations in Asia are largely financed in U.S.
dollars, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the U.S. dollar as their
functional currency. For those foreign subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar is the
functional currency, all foreign currency financial statement amounts are
remeasured into U.S. dollars. Exchange gains and losses arising from
remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities
are included in the results of operations. While these subsidiaries transact
most business in U.S. dollars, they may have significant costs, particularly
payroll-related, which are incurred in the local currency. The cost of products
sold and selling, general, and administrative expense for the year ended
December 31, 2009 have been favorably impacted (compared to the prior year) by
local currency transactions of subsidiaries which use the U.S. dollar as their
functional currency, particularly our subsidiaries in Israel. However, most of
the favorable impact was realized during the first fiscal quarter of
2009.
See Item 7A for
additional discussion of foreign currency exchange risk.
Off-Balance Sheet
Arrangements
At December 31, 2009
and 2008, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
-44-
Critical Accounting Policies and
Estimates
Our significant
accounting policies are summarized in Note 1 to our consolidated financial
statements. We identify here a number of policies that entail significant
judgments or estimates.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue
on product sales during the period when the sales process is complete. This
generally occurs when products are shipped to the customer in accordance with
terms of an agreement of sale, title and risk of loss have been transferred,
collectibility is reasonably assured, and pricing is fixed or determinable. For
a small percentage of sales where title and risk of loss passes at point of
delivery, we recognize revenue upon delivery to the customer, assuming all other
criteria for revenue recognition are met. We historically have had agreements
with distributors that provided limited rights of product return. We have
modified these arrangements to allow distributors a limited credit for
unsaleable products, which we term a “scrap allowance.” Consistent with industry
practice, we also have a “stock, ship and debit” program whereby we consider,
and grant at our discretion, requests by distributors for credits on previously
purchased products that remain in distributors’ inventory, to enable the
distributors to offer more competitive pricing. In addition, we have contractual
arrangements whereby we provide distributors with protection against price
reductions that we initiate after the sale of product to the distributor and
prior to resale by the distributor.
We record end of
period accruals for each of the programs based upon our estimate of future
credits under the programs that will be attributable to sales recorded through
the end of the period. We calculate reductions of revenue attributable to each
of the programs during any period by computing the change in the accruals from
the prior period and adding the credits actually given to distributors during
the period under the programs. These procedures require the exercise of
significant judgments, but we believe they enable us to reasonably estimate
future credits under the programs.
Recording and
monitoring of these accruals takes place at our subsidiaries and divisions, with
input from sales and marketing personnel and review, assessment, and, if
necessary, adjustment by corporate management. While our subsidiaries and
divisions utilize different methodologies based on their individual experiences,
all of the methodologies take into account certain elements that management
considers relevant, such as sales to distributors during the relevant period,
inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market trends and
conditions, recent and historical activity under the relevant programs, changes
in program policies, and open requests for credits. In our judgment, the
different methodologies provide us with equally reliable estimates upon which to
base our accruals. We do not track the credits that we record against specific
products sold from distributor inventories, so as to directly compare revenue
reduction for credits recorded during any period with credits ultimately awarded
in respect of products sold during that period. Nevertheless, we believe that we
have an adequate basis to assess the reasonableness and reliability of our
estimates.
We recognize royalty
revenue in accordance with agreed upon terms when performance obligations are
satisfied, the amount is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably
assured. We earn royalties at the point of sale of products which incorporate
licensed intellectual property. The amount of royalties recognized is determined
based on our licensees’ periodic reporting to us and judgments and estimates by
Vishay management that we believe are reasonable. However, it is possible that
actual results may differ from our estimates.
Accounts Receivable
Our accounts
receivable represent a significant portion of our current assets. We are
required to estimate the collectibility of our receivables and to establish
allowances for the amount of receivables that will prove uncollectible. We base
these allowances on our historical collection experience, the length of time our
receivables are outstanding, the financial circumstances of individual
customers, and general business and economic conditions. Due to Vishay’s large
number of customers and their dispersion across many countries and industries,
we have limited exposure to concentrations of credit risk.
-45-
Inventories
We value our
inventories at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined under the
first-in, first-out method and market based upon net realizable value. The
valuation of our inventories requires our management to make market estimates.
For work in process goods, we are required to estimate the cost to completion of
the products and the prices at which we will be able to sell the products. For
finished goods, we must assess the prices at which we believe the inventory can
be sold. Inventories are also adjusted for estimated obsolescence and written
down to net realizable value based upon estimates of future demand, technology
developments and market conditions.
Loss on Purchase Commitments
Certain metals used
in the manufacture of our products are traded on active markets, and can be
subject to significant price volatility. Our policy is to enter into short-term
commitments to purchase defined portions of annual consumption of these metals
if market prices decline below budget. For much of 2008, these metals were
trading near all-time record-high prices. During the fourth quarter of 2008, as
metals prices declined significantly from these record-high prices, we entered
into commitments to purchase a portion of our estimated 2009 metals needs,
principally for copper and palladium. After entering into these commitments, the
market prices for these metals continued to decline. As a result, we recorded
losses on these adverse purchase commitments during the fourth quarter of 2008.
These losses, which aggregate to $6.0 million, are recorded on a separate line
in the consolidated statement of operations.
The losses on these
metals purchase commitments and the related liability that was recorded on our
consolidated balance sheet were based on our contractually obligated purchase
prices and quoted market prices in active commodities markets.
Estimates of Restructuring and Severance Costs and Purchase-Related
Restructuring Costs
Our restructuring
activities are designed to reduce both fixed and variable costs in our existing
and acquired entities. Restructuring costs, including acquisition-related
restructuring costs, are expensed during the period in which we determine that
we will incur those costs, and all of the requirements for accrual are met. In
2009, 2008, and 2007, we recorded restructuring and severance costs of
approximately $37.9 million, $62.5 million, and $14.7 million,
respectively.
Because these costs
are recorded based upon estimates, our actual expenditures for the restructuring
activities may differ from the initially recorded costs. If this happens, we
will have to adjust our estimates in future periods, either by recording
additional expenses in future periods, if our initial estimates were too low, or
by reversing part of the charges that we recorded initially, if our initial
estimates were too high.
-46-
Goodwill
Goodwill represents
the excess of the cost of a business acquired over the fair value of the related
net assets at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized but rather
tested for impairment at least annually. These impairment tests must be
performed more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the asset might be impaired.
SFAS No. 142,
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
(ASC Topic
350), prescribes a two-step method for determining
goodwill impairment. In the first step, we determine the fair value of the
reporting unit and compare the fair value to the net book value of the reporting
unit. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined using various valuation
techniques, including a comparable companies market multiple approach and a
discounted cash flow analysis (an income approach). The comparable companies
utilized in our evaluation are generally the members of our peer group included
in the presentation of our stock performance graph in Item 5 of our Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
In step two, we
determine the implied fair value of goodwill in the same manner as if we had
acquired those business units. Specifically, we must allocate the fair value of
the reporting unit to all of the assets of that unit, including any unrecognized
intangible assets, in a hypothetical calculation that would yield the implied
fair value of goodwill. The impairment loss is measured as the difference
between the book value of the goodwill and the implied fair value of the
goodwill computed in step two.
The Passive
Components segment goodwill is allocated to two reporting units for goodwill
impairment evaluation purposes, namely Other Passives and Measurements Group.
The Semiconductors segment represents a single reporting unit for goodwill
impairment evaluation purposes.
Fair value of
reporting units, and the underlying assets and liabilities of those reporting
units, is measured at a point in time, and reflects specific market conditions
as of the measurement date. In light of a sustained decline in market
capitalization that we and our peer group companies experienced in each
successive quarter of 2008, and other factors, we determined that impairment
tests were necessary as of the end of the second, third, and fourth fiscal
quarters of 2008.
After completing step
one of the impairment test as of June 28, 2008 (the end of our second fiscal
quarter), we determined that the estimated fair value of our Semiconductors and
Other Passives reporting units was less than the net book value of those
reporting units, requiring the completion of the second step of the impairment
evaluation. Upon completion of a preliminary step two analysis, we recorded our
best estimate of the impairment loss as of June 28, 2008, which was refined
during the third fiscal quarter of 2008. The estimated fair value of the
Measurements Group reporting unit was greater than the net book value of that
unit, and accordingly, no second step was required for the Measurement Group
reporting unit as of June 28, 2008.
Given the further
deterioration of market conditions in the third fiscal quarter of 2008, an
additional impairment test was performed as of September 27, 2008 (the end of
our third fiscal quarter). After completing step one of the impairment test as
of September 27, 2008, we determined that the estimated fair value of our Other
Passives reporting unit was less than the net book value of this reporting unit.
This required the completion of the second step of the impairment evaluation.
Upon completion of our step two analysis as of September 27, 2008, we recorded
an additional goodwill impairment charge. Subsequent to recording this
impairment charge, the Other Passives reporting unit had no remaining goodwill
recorded on the consolidated balance sheet. The estimated fair value of the
Semiconductors and Measurements Group reporting units was greater than the net
book value of the respective reporting units as of September 27, 2008, and
accordingly, no second step was required for the Semiconductors and Measurement
Group reporting units at September 27, 2008.
-47-
Given the further
deterioration of market conditions in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2008, an
additional impairment test was performed as of December 31, 2008 (the end of our
fourth fiscal quarter). After completing step one of the impairment test as of
December 31, 2008, we determined that the estimated fair value of our
Semiconductors and Measurements Group reporting units were less than the net
book value of those reporting units. This required the completion of the second
step of the impairment evaluation. Upon completion of our step two analysis as
of December 31, 2008, we recorded additional goodwill impairment charges.
Subsequent to recording these impairment charges, there was no remaining
goodwill recorded on the consolidated balance sheet.
In total, we recorded
goodwill impairment charges aggregating $1,696.2 million in year ended December
31, 2008.
The determination of
the fair value of the reporting units and the allocation of that value to
individual assets and liabilities within those reporting units requires us to
make significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions
primarily include, but are not limited to: the selection of appropriate peer
group companies; control premiums appropriate for acquisitions in the industries
in which we compete; the discount rate; terminal growth rates; and forecasts of
revenue, operating income, depreciation and amortization, and capital
expenditures. The allocation requires several analyses to determine fair value
of assets and liabilities including, among others, completed technology,
tradenames, in-process research and development, customer relationships, and
certain property and equipment (valued at replacement costs).
Due to the inherent
uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual financial results could
differ from those estimates. In addition, changes in assumptions concerning
future financial results or other underlying assumptions could have a
significant impact on either the fair value of the reporting unit or the amount
of the goodwill impairment charge.
The goodwill
impairment charge is noncash in nature and does not affect our liquidity, cash
flows from operating activities, or debt covenants, and will not have a material
impact on future operations.
We perform our annual
impairment test as of the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter. The interim
impairment test performed as of September 27, 2008, the last day of our fiscal
third quarter, was effectively our annual impairment test for 2008. There was no
impairment identified through the annual impairment test completed in
2007.
-48-
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Indefinite-Lived Intangible
Assets
We assess the
impairment of our long-lived assets, other than goodwill and tradenames,
including property and equipment, long-term prepaid assets, and identifiable
intangible assets subject to amortization, whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Long-lived
assets are grouped at the lowest level of independent cash flows and evaluated
as a group. Factors we consider important, which could trigger an impairment
review, include significant changes in the manner of our use of the assets,
changes in historical or projected operating performance, and significant
negative economic trends. The carrying value of a long-lived asset group is
considered impaired when the total projected undiscounted cash flows from such
asset group are separately identifiable and are less than the carrying value. In
that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value
exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset group, primarily
determined using discounted future cash flows.
Indefinite-lived
intangible assets (which for Vishay are comprised entirely of tradenames) are
not amortized, but similar to goodwill, are tested for impairment at least
annually. These tests are performed more frequently if there are triggering
events. The fair value of the tradenames is measured as the discounted cash flow
savings realized from owning such tradenames and not having to pay a royalty for
their use.
Prior to completing
the interim assessment of goodwill for impairment during the second, third, and
fourth fiscal quarters of 2008, we performed a recoverability test of certain
long-lived assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
(ASC Topic
360), and certain indefinite-lived intangible
assets in accordance with SFAS No. 142 (ASC Topic 350). As a result of those
assessments, we recorded indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment charges
totaling $27 million during the third fiscal quarter of 2008.
During the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, we recorded asset write-downs of $0.7
million, $5.1 million, and $3.9 million, respectively. Fixed asset write-downs
included amounts to reduce the carrying value of certain buildings which had
been vacated as part of our restructuring activities, based on expected future
selling prices or the present value of expected rental receipts. Fixed asset
write-downs also included charges to write down certain equipment to salvage
value after we determined that it would not be used at other Vishay locations
subsequent to the completion of our restructuring plans. The asset write-downs
for 2008 also included definite-lived intangible write-downs of $0.8 million, as
a result of our decision to close our facility in Brazil.
During the year ended
December 31, 2007, we recorded a write-off of prepaid assets associated with our
Tower Semiconductor foundry agreement.
The evaluation of the
recoverability of long-lived assets, and the determination of their fair value,
requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and
assumptions primarily include, but are not limited to: the identification of the
asset group at the lowest level of independent cash flows and the principal
asset of the group; the discount rate; terminal growth rates; and forecasts of
revenue, operating income, depreciation and amortization, and capital
expenditures.
The evaluation of the
fair value of indefinite-lived trademarks also requires us to make significant
estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions primarily include,
but are not limited to: the assumed market-royalty rate; the discount rate;
terminal growth rates; and forecasts of revenue.
Due to the inherent
uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual results could differ from
those estimates. In addition, changes in underlying assumptions would have a
significant impact on the conclusion that an asset group’s carrying value is
recoverable, that an indefinite-lived asset is not impaired, or the
determination of any impairment charge if it was determined that the asset
values were indeed impaired.
-49-
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Accounting for
defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans involves numerous
assumptions and estimates. The discount rate at which obligations could
effectively be settled and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
are two critical assumptions in measuring the cost and benefit obligations of
our pension and other postretirement benefit plans. Other important assumptions
include the anticipated rate of future increases in compensation levels,
estimated mortality, and for postretirement medical plans, increases or trends
in health care costs. Management reviews these assumptions at least annually. We
use independent actuaries to assist us in formulating assumptions and making
estimates. These assumptions are updated periodically to reflect the actual
experience and expectations on a plan specific basis as
appropriate.
Our defined benefit
plans are concentrated in the United States, Germany, and the Republic of China
(Taiwan). Plans in these countries comprise approximately 93% of our retirement
obligations at December 31, 2009. In the U.S., we utilize published long-term
high quality bond indices to determine the discount rate at the measurement
date. In Germany and the Republic of China (Taiwan), we utilize published
long-term government bond rates to determine the discount rate at the
measurement date. We utilize bond yields at various maturity dates to reflect
the timing of expected future benefit payments. We believe the discount rates
selected are the rates at which these obligations could effectively be
settled.
Within the U.S., we
establish strategic asset allocation percentage targets and appropriate
benchmarks for significant asset classes with the aim of achieving a prudent
balance between return and risk. Many of our non-U.S. plans are unfunded based
on local laws and customs. For those non-U.S. plans that do maintain
investments, their asset holdings are primarily cash and fixed income
securities, based on local laws and customs. We set the expected long-term rate
of return based on the expected long-term average rates of return to be achieved
by the underlying investment portfolios. In establishing this rate, we consider
historical and expected returns for the asset classes in which the plans are
invested, advice from pension consultants and investment advisors, and current
economic and capital market conditions. The expected return on plan assets is
incorporated into the computation of pension expense. The difference between
this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is deferred. The net
deferral of past asset losses (gains) affects the calculated value of plan
assets and, ultimately, future pension expense (income).
We expect a decrease
in net periodic pension cost in 2010 as a result of a reduction in the
amortization of past losses on plan assets. The estimated actuarial items for
defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from accumulated other
comprehensive loss into net periodic pension cost during 2010 is $9.6 million,
compared to approximately $11.5 million in 2009. We also expect a decrease in
net periodic pension cost in 2010 as a result of an increase in the expected
return on plan assets in 2010.
During the fourth
fiscal quarter of 2008, we adopted amendments to our principal U.S. defined
benefit pension plans, such that effective January 1, 2009, the plans were
frozen. Pursuant to these amendments, no new employees may participate in the
plans, no further participant contributions will be required or permitted, and
no further benefits shall accrue after December 31, 2008. As a result of these
amendments, net periodic pension cost for 2009 did not include any service cost,
thus partially offsetting the increases due to increased amortization of
actuarial losses and lower expected returns on plan assets. To mitigate the loss
in benefits of these employees, effective January 1, 2009, we increased the
company-match portion of our 401(k) defined contribution savings plan for
employees impacted by the pension freeze.
We believe that the
current assumptions used to estimate plan obligations and annual expenses are
appropriate. However, if economic conditions change or if our investment
strategy changes, we may be inclined to change some of our assumptions, and the
resulting change could have a material impact on the consolidated statements of
operations and on the consolidated balance sheet.
-50-
Income Taxes
We are subject to
income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant
judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions and determining our
provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are
many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is
uncertain. We establish reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on
estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due.
These reserves are established when we believe that certain positions might be
challenged despite our belief that our tax return positions are fully
supportable. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and
circumstances and the provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve
provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate.
These accruals are
based on management’s best estimate of potential tax exposures. When particular
matters arise, a number of years may elapse before such matters are audited and
finally resolved. Favorable resolution of such matters could be recognized as a
reduction to our effective tax rate in the year of resolution. Unfavorable
resolution of any particular issue could increase the effective tax rate and may
require the use of cash in the year of resolution.
We file U.S. federal
income tax returns, as well as income tax returns in multiple U.S. state and
foreign jurisdictions. The U.S. Internal Revenue Service concluded its
examinations of Vishay’s U.S. federal tax returns for all tax years through
2002. Because of net operating losses, our U.S. federal tax returns for 2003 and
later years will remain subject to examination until the losses are utilized.
Examinations of principal subsidiaries in Germany through the 2004 tax year were
concluded in 2008. The tax returns of significant consolidated subsidiaries are
currently under examination, including Israel (2004 and later years) and
Republic of China (Taiwan) (1996 and later years). We are also subject to income
taxes in other taxing jurisdictions in the U.S. and around the world, many of
which are still open to tax examinations.
We account for
uncertainty in income tax positions using the minimum recognition threshold a
tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial
statements as prescribed in GAAP. For a tax benefit to be recognized, a tax
position must be “more likely than not” to be sustained upon examination by
taxing authorities.
We have recorded
deferred tax assets representing future tax benefits, but may not be able to
realize these future tax benefits in certain jurisdictions. Significant judgment
is required in determining the expected future realizability of these deferred
tax assets. We periodically evaluate the realizability of our deferred tax
assets by assessing the valuation allowance and by adjusting the amount of such
allowance, if necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of
realization include our forecast of future taxable income and available tax
planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax
assets.
Based on our
anticipated U.S. cash requirements, we expected that we would need to repatriate
additional cash to repay the term loan outstanding under our credit facility,
and recorded additional tax expense in 2008 on this expected transaction because
such earnings were not deemed to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the
United States.
Except as described
above, earnings generated by our non-U.S. subsidiaries are deemed to be
reinvested outside of the United States indefinitely. Accordingly, no provision
has been made for U.S. federal and state income taxes on these foreign earnings.
Upon distribution of those earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, we
would be subject to U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax
credits), state income taxes, incremental foreign income taxes, and withholding
taxes payable to various foreign countries.
The determination of
our U.S. cash needs requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions.
These estimates and assumptions primarily include, but are not limited to:
forecasts of revenue, operating income, capital expenditures, interest rates,
and the timing of significant transactions. Due to the inherent uncertainty
involved in making these estimates and assumptions, actual financial results
could differ from those estimates and assumptions, which may require us to
repatriate additional cash and incur additional tax expense.
-51-
Results of Operations
Statement of
operations’ captions as a percentage of net revenues and the effective tax rates
were as follows:
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Costs of products sold |
81.0 |
% |
|
78.6 |
% |
|
75.5 |
% |
Gross profit |
19.0 |
% |
|
21.2 |
% |
|
24.5 |
% |
Selling, general, and administrative
expenses |
17.6 |
% |
|
16.0 |
% |
|
15.5 |
% |
Operating income (loss) |
-1.9 |
% |
|
-58.4 |
% |
|
7.7 |
% |
Income (loss) from continuing
operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
before taxes and
noncontrolling interest |
-1.9 |
% |
|
-59.3 |
% |
|
6.4 |
% |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
-2.8 |
% |
|
-59.7 |
% |
|
4.2 |
% |
Net earnings (loss) |
-2.8 |
% |
|
-61.4 |
% |
|
3.8 |
% |
__________ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective tax rate |
-42.3 |
% |
|
-0.7 |
% |
|
35.2 |
% |
Net Revenues
Net revenues were as
follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Net revenues |
$ |
2,042,033 |
|
|
$ |
2,822,211 |
|
|
$ |
2,833,266 |
Change versus prior year |
$ |
(780,178 |
) |
|
$ |
(11,055 |
) |
|
|
|
Percentage change versus prior
year |
|
-27.6% |
|
|
|
-0.4% |
|
|
|
|
Changes in net
revenues were attributable to the following:
|
2009 vs. 2008 |
|
2008 vs. 2007 |
Change attributable to: |
|
|
|
|
|
Change in volume |
-25.6 |
% |
|
-2.6 |
% |
Decrease in average selling
prices |
-2.5 |
% |
|
-3.0 |
% |
Foreign currency effects |
-1.1 |
% |
|
2.6 |
% |
Acquisitions |
0.2 |
% |
|
2.5 |
% |
Other |
1.4 |
% |
|
0.1 |
% |
Net change |
-27.6 |
% |
|
-0.4 |
% |
|
-52-
All regions and
virtually all of our end-use markets were heavily impacted by the global
economic recession, which was seen in the decline in sales of our Semiconductors
and Passive Components segment products in 2009 compared to the prior year
periods. The relatively stronger U.S. dollar further decreased the amount
reported for revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 versus the year ended
December 31, 2008. During the second half of 2009, we experienced the beginning
of the world economic and electronics market recovery across all geographies,
all markets, and all sales channels with orders approaching pre-recession levels
in the fourth fiscal quarter. We experienced a substantial upturn in Asia driven
by orders and sales for end-uses in consumer products such as netbooks and power
supplies. Orders and sales for end-uses in industrial applications in the U.S.
and Europe appeared to bottom out in the second fiscal quarter of 2009 and
steadily recovered in the second half of 2009. We experienced a substantial
turnaround in orders and sales of our products utilized in automotive
applications in Europe and the U.S., which was driven by demand for small cars.
Sales of products for use in military and medical applications, while generally
a smaller component of Vishay’s overall business, have also been
strong.
The markets for our
products were relatively stable during the first half of 2008. Beginning in the
third quarter of 2008, we experienced a substantial slow down in our order rate,
as the markets for our products began to be impacted by the economic downturn.
The automotive industry was most heavily impacted, but sales of products for
virtually all end-uses were below expectations. The decrease in volumes and
average selling prices were largely offset by acquisitions and foreign currency
effects. The weakening U.S. dollar effectively increased the amount reported for
revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008 versus the prior year.
We deduct, from the
sales that we record to distributors, allowances for future credits that we
expect to provide for returns, scrapped product, and price adjustments under
various programs made available to the distributors. We make deductions
corresponding to particular sales in the period in which the sales are made,
although the corresponding credits may not be issued until future periods. We
estimate the deductions based on sales levels to distributors, inventory levels
at the distributors, current and projected market trends and conditions, recent
and historical activity under the relevant programs, changes in program
policies, and open requests for credits. We recorded deductions from gross sales
under our distributor incentive programs of $59.6 million, $77.2 million, and
$81.9 million, for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007,
respectively, or, as a percentage of gross sales 2.8%, 2.7%, and 2.8%,
respectively. We also assumed $5.6 million of liabilities for distributor
incentive programs as part of our acquisitions in 2007. Actual credits issued
under the programs for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 were
approximately $67.5 million, $79.9 million, and $79.6 million, respectively.
Increases and decreases in these incentives are largely attributable to the
then-current business climate.
As a result of a
concentrated effort to defend our intellectual property and generate additional
licensing income, we began receiving royalties in the fourth quarter of 2004.
Royalty revenues, included in net revenues on the consolidated statements of
operations, were $5.7 million, $3.0 million, and $7.8 million, for the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Gross Profit and Margins
Gross profit margins
for the year ended December 31, 2009 were 19.0%, as compared to 21.2% for year
ended December 31, 2008. This decrease in gross profit margin reflects
significantly lower volume, lower average selling prices, and a less favorable
product mix, which was partially offset by fixed cost reductions, positive
foreign currency effects, and generally lower precious metals and raw materials
costs.
Gross profit margins
for the year ended December 31, 2008 were 21.2%, as compared to 24.5% for the
year ended December 31, 2007. This decrease in gross profit margin reflects
lower average selling prices, negative foreign currency effects, generally
higher precious metals and raw materials costs, and a less favorable product
mix. Gross profit margins for the year ended December 31, 2008 reflect losses on
adverse purchase commitments of $6.0 million. Gross profit margins for 2007 were
also negatively impacted by the acquisition of the PCS business, which has lower
gross profit margins than legacy Vishay products.
-53-
Segments
Analysis of revenues
and gross profit margins for our Semiconductors and Passive Components segments
is provided below.
Semiconductors
Net revenues of the
Semiconductors segment were as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Net revenues |
$ |
1,004,926 |
|
|
$ |
1,460,826 |
|
|
$ 1,489,600 |
Change versus prior year |
$ |
(455,900 |
) |
|
$ |
(28,774 |
) |
|
|
Percentage change versus prior
year |
|
-31.2% |
|
|
|
-1.9% |
|
|
|
Changes in
Semiconductors segment net revenues were attributable to the following:
|
2009 vs. 2008 |
|
2008 vs. 2007 |
Change attributable to: |
|
|
|
|
|
Change in volume |
-28.0 |
% |
|
-3.4 |
% |
Decrease in average selling
prices |
-5.6 |
% |
|
-4.7 |
% |
Foreign currency effects |
-0.5 |
% |
|
2.1 |
% |
Acquisitions |
0.0 |
% |
|
4.0 |
% |
Other |
2.9 |
% |
|
0.1 |
% |
Net change |
-31.2 |
% |
|
-1.9 |
% |
|
Gross profit as a
percentage of net revenues for the Semiconductors segment was as follows:
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Gross margin percentage |
14.5% |
|
20.2% |
|
23.8% |
Changes in gross
margin are largely driven by changes in net revenues, but also reflect the
offsetting effects of our continuing cost cutting efforts.
Our Semiconductors
segment has suffered significantly from the global economic recession.
Profitability has suffered in an unprecedented manner due to the low sales
volume in 2009 compared to 2008. The decrease in gross profit margins in 2009
versus 2008 reflects significantly lower volume and lower average selling
prices, partially offset by our fixed cost reduction programs and favorable
currency impacts. The decrease in gross profit margins in 2008 versus 2007
reflects lower average selling prices, higher precious metals and raw materials
costs, a less favorable product sales mix, and some production inefficiencies.
Gross profit margins for 2008 and 2007 were negatively impacted by the
acquisition of the PCS business, which has lower gross profit margins than
legacy Vishay products. Gross profit margin for 2008 also includes losses on
purchase commitments of $3.7 million.
-54-
Passive Components
Net revenues of the
Passive Components segment were as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Net revenues |
$ |
1,037,107 |
|
|
$ |
1,361,385 |
|
$ |
1,343,666 |
Change versus prior year |
$ |
(324,278 |
) |
|
$ |
17,719 |
|
|
|
Percentage change versus prior
year |
|
-23.8% |
|
|
|
1.3% |
|
|
|
Changes in Passive
Components segment net revenues were attributable to the following:
|
2009 vs. 2008 |
|
2008 vs. 2007 |
Change attributable to: |
|
|
|
|
|
Change in volume |
-23.2 |
% |
|
-1.7 |
% |
Change in average selling
prices |
0.7 |
% |
|
-1.1 |
% |
Foreign currency effects |
-1.9 |
% |
|
3.2 |
% |
Acquisitions |
0.4 |
% |
|
0.9 |
% |
Other |
0.2 |
% |
|
0.0 |
% |
Net change |
-23.8 |
% |
|
1.3 |
% |
|
Gross profit as a
percentage of net revenues for the Passive Components segment was as follows:
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Gross margin percentage |
23.4% |
|
22.1% |
|
25.4% |
In light of the
economic challenges, our Passive Components segment has maintained a respectable
gross margin percentage. Average selling prices have been generally stable. In
the second half of 2009, we experienced a recovery in all of our passive
component products, which was driven by strong demand from European automotive
products.
The increase in gross
margin for 2009 compared to 2008 is due to lower fixed costs and slightly higher
average selling prices, partially offset by lower volume. The decrease in gross
margin for 2008 compared to 2007 reflects lower average selling prices, negative
foreign currency effects, generally higher precious metals and raw materials
costs, and a less favorable product mix. Gross profit margin for 2008 also
includes losses on purchase commitments of $2.3 million.
-55-
Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general, and
administrative (“SG&A”) expenses are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Total SG&A expenses |
$ |
359,162 |
|
$ |
450,879 |
|
$ |
439,017 |
as a percentage of
sales |
|
17.6% |
|
|
16.0% |
|
|
15.5% |
The overall decrease
in total SG&A expenses in the year ended December 31, 2009 versus the year
ended December 31, 2008 is primarily attributable to lower sales and our cost
containment initiatives. The increase in SG&A as a percentage of revenues is
primarily due to the decrease in revenues. The increase in total SG&A
expenses in the year ended December 31, 2008 versus the year ended December 31,
2007 is generally attributable to a weaker U.S. dollar. Several items included
in SG&A expenses impact the comparability of these amounts, as summarized
below (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Amortization of intangible
assets |
$ |
22,731 |
|
$ |
20,798 |
|
|
$ |
16,566 |
|
Patent infringement case |
|
- |
|
|
6,600 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Transition services agreements |
|
- |
|
|
1,600 |
|
|
|
5,200 |
|
Net losses (gains) on sales of assets |
|
460 |
|
|
(7,584 |
) |
|
|
(3,490 |
) |
Costs
associated with intended spin-off
|
|
4,500 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
The increases in
amortization expense are principally due to the acquisitions of our partner’s
51% interest in the Indian transducers joint venture, Powertron GmbH, and the
wet tantalum capacitor business of KEMET Corporation in 2008 and the acquisition
of the PCS business in 2007. Amortization expense also increased in 2008 and
2009 due to the initiation of amortization of certain tradenames after
determining that these intangible assets were impaired and no longer should be
considered indefinite-lived during the third fiscal quarter of 2008.
The transition
services agreements were associated with our acquisition of the PCS business.
Of the $7.6 million
net gains on sales of assets in 2008, approximately $4.5 million was realized in
a single transaction. Of the $3.5 million net gains on sales of assets in 2007,
approximately $3.1 million was realized in a single transaction.
Restructuring and Severance Costs and Related Asset Write-Downs
Our restructuring
programs have been on-going since 2001. Our restructuring activities have been
designed to reduce both fixed and variable costs. These activities include the
closing of facilities and the termination of employees. Because costs are
recorded based upon estimates, actual expenditures for the restructuring
activities may differ from the initially recorded costs. If the initial
estimates are too low or too high, we could be required either to record
additional expenses in future periods or to reverse previously recorded
expenses. We anticipate that we will realize the benefits of our restructuring
through lower labor costs and other operating expenses in future periods. We
continued our restructuring activities in 2009, recording restructuring and
severance costs of $37.9 million and related asset write-downs of $0.7 million.
We expect to continue to incur restructuring expenses to reduce our costs as
explained in “Cost Management” above and in Note 4 to our consolidated financial
statements.
-56-
Other Income (Expense)
Interest expense for
the years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 has been recast for the
retrospective adoption of FSP APB 14-1 (ASC Subtopic 470-20), which increased
the reported loss from continuing operations attributable to Vishay stockholders
by $0.8 million ($0.00 per share) for the year ended December 31, 2008 and
decreased the reported income from continuing operations attributable to Vishay
stockholders by $23.3 million ($0.11 per share) for the year ended December 31,
2007.
2009 Compared to
2008
Interest expense for
the year ended December 31, 2009 decreased by $28.3 million compared to the year
ended December 31, 2008. The decrease is primarily due to the repayment of the
convertible subordinated notes on August 1, 2008 and lower interest rates on our
variable rate debt.
The following table
analyzes the components of the line “Other” on the consolidated statements of
operations (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
Change |
Foreign exchange gain (loss) |
$ |
5,039 |
|
$ |
(609 |
) |
|
$ |
5,648 |
|
Interest income |
|
3,917 |
|
|
12,642 |
|
|
|
(8,725 |
) |
Dividend income |
|
4 |
|
|
96 |
|
|
|
(92 |
) |
Incentive from Chinese government |
|
- |
|
|
800 |
|
|
|
(800 |
) |
Other |
|
831 |
|
|
1,947 |
|
|
|
(1,116 |
) |
|
$ |
9,791 |
|
$ |
14,876 |
|
|
$ |
(5,085 |
) |
|
2008 Compared to
2007
Interest expense for
the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased by $13.3 million compared to the year
ended December 31, 2007. This decrease is primarily due to the repayment of the
convertible subordinated notes on August 1, 2008 and lower interest rates on our
variable rate debt.
On August 1, 2008,
the holders of our convertible subordinated notes had the option to require us
to repurchase the notes for the principal amount of the notes. Substantially all
(99.6%) of the holders of the notes exercised their option.
The following table
analyzes the components of the line “Other” on the consolidated statements of
operations (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
Change |
Foreign exchange loss |
$
|
(609 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,164 |
) |
|
$ |
4,555 |
|
Interest income |
|
12,642 |
|
|
|
19,419 |
|
|
|
(6,777 |
) |
Dividend income |
|
96 |
|
|
|
470 |
|
|
|
(374 |
) |
Incentive from Chinese government |
|
800 |
|
|
|
1,238 |
|
|
|
(438 |
) |
Other |
|
1,947 |
|
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
1,962 |
|
|
$ |
14,876 |
|
|
$ |
15,948 |
|
|
$ |
(1,072 |
) |
|
-57-
Income Taxes
For the years ended
December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we recorded a negative effective tax
rate, tax expense on a pre-tax loss, primarily because we recorded tax expense
on earnings in certain jurisdictions while realizing losses in other
jurisdictions without recording tax benefits. The effective tax rates for the
years ended December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were -42.3% and -0.7%,
respectively as compared to 35.2% for the year ended December 31, 2007.
For the year ended
December 31, 2009, we recognized no tax benefit associated with the executive
employment agreement charge of $57.8 million discussed in Note 13 to our
consolidated financial statements. We recorded no tax expense associated with
the gain of $28.2 million recognized upon reimbursement of purchase price
described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.
Income tax expense
for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 include certain discrete
tax items for changes in uncertain tax positions, valuation allowances, tax
rates, actual and anticipated repatriation of cash to the United States, and
other related items. These items total $2.0 million, $36.9 million and $8.3
million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Additionally, the
relatively low effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2008 was
principally attributable to the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset
impairment charges recorded in 2008. The vast majority of our goodwill was not
deductible for income tax purposes. We recognized tax benefits of $55.2 million
during 2008, associated with the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset
impairment charges.
In connection with
the repurchase of the convertible subordinated notes on August 1, 2008, we
repatriated approximately $250 million of cash from non-U.S. subsidiaries,
incurring additional tax expense. We expected that we would need to repatriate
additional cash to repay the term loan outstanding under our credit facility,
and recorded additional tax expense in 2008 on this expected transaction because
such earnings were not deemed to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the
United States. Except for this expected cash need, cash and profits generated by
foreign subsidiaries are expected to be reinvested outside of the United States
indefinitely.
We operate in an
international environment with significant operations in various locations
outside the United States. Accordingly, the consolidated income tax rate is a
composite rate reflecting our earnings and the applicable tax rates in the
various locations where we operate. Part of our strategy is to achieve cost
savings through the transfer and expansion of manufacturing operations to
countries where we can take advantage of lower labor costs and available tax and
other government-sponsored incentives. Accordingly, our effective tax rate is
generally less than the U.S. statutory tax rate. Changes in the effective tax
rate are largely attributable to changes in the mix of pretax income among our
various taxing jurisdictions.
The effective tax
rates reflect the fact that we could not recognize for accounting purposes the
tax benefit of losses incurred in certain jurisdictions, although these losses
may be available to offset future taxable income. Under applicable accounting
principles, we may not recognize deferred tax assets for loss carryforwards in
jurisdictions where there is a recent history of cumulative losses, where there
is no taxable income in the carryback period, where there is insufficient
evidence of future earnings to overcome the loss history and where there is no
other positive evidence, such as the likely reversal of taxable temporary
differences, that would result in the utilization of loss carryforwards for tax
purposes.
Additional
information about income taxes is included in Note 5 to our consolidated
financial statements.
-58-
Financial Condition, Liquidity, and Capital
Resources
A worldwide financial
crisis intensified significantly in the latter half of 2008 and continued into
2009. Although we experienced indicators of a recovery during the second half of
2009, the financial crisis has resulted in significant volatility in capital and
commodities markets, decreased access to credit markets, and produced
recessionary pressures through most of the world’s economies. We believe that we
have adequate financial resources to weather another sudden decline in economic
activity, and we remain confident for the long-term prospects for the
electronics industry.
We focus on our
ability to generate cash flows from operations. The cash generated from
operations is used to fund our capital expenditure plans, and cash in excess of
our capital expenditure needs is available to fund our acquisition strategy and
to reduce debt levels. We have generated cash flows from operations in excess of
$200 million in each of the past 8 years, and cash flows from operations in
excess of $100 million in each of the past 15 years. A portion of the cash flows
from operations was generated by the Vishay Precision Group which we intend to
spin-off.
We refer to the
amount of cash generated from operations in excess of our capital expenditure
needs and net of proceeds from the sale of assets as “free cash,” a measure
which management uses to evaluate our ability to fund acquisitions and repay
debt. Vishay has generated positive “free cash” in each of the past 13 years,
and “free cash” in excess of $80 million in each of the past 8 years. In this
volatile economic environment, we continue to focus on the generation of free
cash, including an emphasis on cost controls.
We continued to
generate strong cash flows from operations and free cash during the year ended
December 31, 2009 despite the challenging economic environment. There is no
assurance, however, that we will be able to continue to generate cash flows from
operations and free cash going forward if the current recovery stalls or does
not continue as expected.
We utilized some of
the cash generated from operations in prior years to reduce our debt levels in
2008 and 2009. Substantially all of the cash used in 2008 was repatriated to the
United States from our non-U.S. subsidiaries. As more fully described in Note 6
to our consolidated financial statements, on August 1, 2008, Vishay repurchased
substantially all of the convertible subordinated notes due 2023 for an
aggregate purchase price of $498.1 million. The purchase price was paid in cash
and funded from approximately $250 million of cash on-hand, $125 million of
borrowings under the revolving credit facility, and $125 million from a new term
loan. We made $25 million of payments on our term loan in 2009 and converted
short-term notes into a $15 million debt payable over five years.
The following table
summarizes the components of net debt (cash) at December 31, 2009 and December
31, 2008 (in thousands):
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Credit facility - revolving
debt |
$ |
125,000 |
|
|
$ |
125,000 |
Credit facility - term loan |
|
87,500 |
|
|
|
112,500 |
Exchangeable unsecured notes, due
2102 |
|
105,000 |
|
|
|
105,000 |
Convertible subordinated notes, due 2023 |
|
1,870 |
|
|
|
1,870 |
Other debt |
|
16,736 |
|
|
|
2,305 |
Total debt |
|
336,106 |
|
|
|
346,675 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
579,189 |
|
|
|
324,164 |
Net debt (cash) |
$ |
(243,083 |
) |
|
$ |
22,511 |
|
-59-
Measurements such as
“free cash” and “net debt” do not have uniform definitions and are not
recognized in accordance with GAAP. Such measures should not be viewed as
alternatives to GAAP measures of performance or liquidity. However, management
believes that “free cash” is a meaningful measure of our ability to fund
acquisitions and repay debt, and that an analysis of “net debt” assists
investors in understanding aspects of our cash and debt management. These
measures, as calculated by Vishay, may not be comparable to similarly titled
measures used by other companies.
Substantially all of
our December 31, 2009 cash and cash equivalents balance was held by our non-U.S.
subsidiaries. We expect that we will need to repatriate additional cash to repay
a portion of the term loan outstanding under our credit facility. At the present
time, we expect the remaining cash and profits generated by foreign subsidiaries
will continue to be reinvested outside of the United States indefinitely. If
additional cash is needed to be repatriated to the United States, we would be
subject to additional U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign
tax credits), state income taxes, incremental foreign income taxes, and
withholding taxes payable to various foreign countries.
Our financial
condition as of December 31, 2009 continued to be strong, with a current ratio
(current assets to current liabilities) of 3.5 to 1, as compared to a ratio of
2.9 to 1 as of December 31, 2008. This increase is primarily due to an increase
in cash at December 31, 2009. Our ratio of total debt to Vishay stockholders’
equity was 0.22 to 1 at December 31, 2009, the same ratio as of December 31,
2008.
Cash flows provided
by continuing operating activities were $290.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2009, as compared to cash flows provided by operations of $268.5
million for the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase is principally due
to favorable changes in net working capital during the year ended December 31,
2009 versus the prior year.
Cash paid for
property and equipment for the year ended December 31, 2009 was $50.3 million,
as compared to $152.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. To preserve
cash, we significantly curtailed our capital spending in the latter half of 2008
and 2009 as a result of the economic uncertainty. This reduced level of annual
capital spending was temporary and not sustainable. We expect capital spending
to increase to $135 million in 2010.
Cash provided by
investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2009 includes a net cash
inflow of $28.2 million, representing a partial refund of purchase price, net of
related expenses, subsequent to entering a settlement agreement with
International Rectifier Corporation. This settlement is more fully described in
Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. Cash used for investing
activities for the year ended December 31, 2008 included a total $74.2 million
paid for the acquisitions of our partner’s 51% interest in a transducer
manufacturing joint venture, Powertron GmbH, and the KEMET wet tantalum
business. Included in the amount is a $15 million loan extended to KEMET as part
of the wet tantalum business acquisition. Cash used for investing activities for
the year ended December 31, 2007 included a total $331.8 million paid for the
acquisitions of the PCS business and PM Group, net of cash acquired. Proceeds
from sale of businesses of $18.7 million include approximately $16.1 million
from the sale of PM Group’s electrical contracting business.
Cash used by
discontinued operating activities of $3.2 million for year ended December 31,
2009 reflect payments to settle certain outstanding disputes with the buyer of
the ASBU business. The expenses associated with these cash payments were accrued
in the fourth quarter of 2008. Cash used by discontinued operating activities of
$12.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 primarily reflects
receivables collected by Vishay and remitted to the purchaser of the ASBU
business pursuant to the transaction agreement. Cash provided by discontinued
investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2008 reflects the proceeds
of sale of the ASBU business, net of capital spending for information technology
systems. Cash used by discontinued operating activities of $10.2 million for the
year ended December 31, 2007 primarily reflects an increase in working capital
of the ASBU business.
-60-
We maintain a credit
facility, which provides a revolving commitment of up to $250 million through
April 20, 2012, and a term loan which requires semi-annual principal payments
through 2011. At December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the term loan balance
was $87.5 million and $112.5 million, respectively. At both December 31, 2009
and 2008, $125.0 million was outstanding under the revolving credit facility. We
made the installment payment on the term loan that was due on January 1, 2010 on
December 31, 2009. We may be required to renegotiate the credit facility to
complete the intended spin-off of the Vishay Precision Group.
Interest on the
credit facility is payable at prime or other variable interest rate options. We
are required to pay facility commitment fees. As a result of the amendment to
the credit facility entered effective July 31, 2009, the interest rates
applicable to amounts outstanding under the revolving credit commitment have
increased by 40 basis points (to LIBOR plus 1.52% at the current leverage
ratio). The interest rates applicable to amounts outstanding under the term loan
arrangement have not changed (LIBOR plus 2.50% at the current leverage
ratio).
The credit facility
restricts us from paying cash dividends and requires us to comply with other
covenants, including the maintenance of specific financial measures and
ratios.
The financial
maintenance covenants include (a) tangible net worth (as defined in the credit
facility) of $1 billion plus 50% of net income (without offset for losses) and
75% of net proceeds of equity offerings since December 31, 2006; (b) a leverage
ratio of not more than 3.50 to 1; (c) a fixed charge coverage ratio (“FCCR”) of
not less than 2.50 to 1; and (d) a senior debt (as defined in the credit
facility) to consolidated EBITDA ratio of not more than 2.00 to 1. The
computation of these ratios is prescribed in Article 7 of the Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which has
been filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed
June 25, 2008.
We were in compliance
with all covenants at December 31, 2009. Our tangible net worth, calculated
pursuant to the terms of the credit facility, was $1,264 million, which is $183
million more than the minimum required under the related credit facility
covenant. Our leverage ratio, fixed charge coverage ratio, and senior debt ratio
were 1.29 to 1, 6.15 to 1, and 0.89 to 1, respectively.
We expect to continue
to be in compliance with these covenants based on current projections. We also
have mechanisms, including deferral of capital expenditures and other
discretionary spending, to facilitate on-going compliance.
If we are not in
compliance with all of the required financial covenants, the credit facility
could be terminated by the lenders, and all amounts outstanding pursuant to the
credit facility (including the term loan) could become immediately payable.
Additionally, our exchangeable unsecured notes due 2102 have cross-default
provisions that could accelerate repayment in the event the indebtedness under
the credit facility is accelerated.
Borrowings under the
credit facility are secured by accounts receivable, inventory, machinery and
equipment, and general intangibles (but excluding real estate and bank accounts)
of Vishay and subsidiaries located in the United States, accounts receivable of
a German subsidiary, certain intercompany loans owed to a significant German
subsidiary, pledges of stock in certain significant subsidiaries, and certain
guarantees by significant subsidiaries. The subsidiaries would be required to
perform under the guarantees in the event that Vishay failed to make principal
or interest payments under the credit facility. Certain of our subsidiaries are
permitted to borrow up to a limit of $125 million under the credit facility. Any
borrowings by these subsidiaries under the credit facility are guaranteed by
Vishay.
While the timing and
location of scheduled payments for certain liabilities will require us to draw
additional amounts on our credit facility from time to time, for the next twelve
months, management expects that cash on-hand and cash flows from operations will
be sufficient to meet our normal operating requirements, to meet our obligations
under restructuring and acquisition integration programs, to fund scheduled debt
maturities, and to fund our research and development and capital expenditure
plans. Acquisition activity may require additional borrowing under our credit
facility or may otherwise require us to incur additional debt.
-61-
Contractual Commitments
As of December 31,
2009 we had contractual obligations as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Payments due by
period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years |
|
Years |
|
More than |
|
|
Total |
|
Year 1 |
|
2-3 |
|
4-5 |
|
5 |
Long-term debt |
|
$ |
336,106 |
|
$ |
16,054 |
|
$ |
204,500 |
|
$ |
9,905 |
|
$ |
105,647 |
Interest payments on long-term debt |
|
|
35,005 |
|
|
4,670 |
|
|
5,606 |
|
|
1,112 |
|
|
23,617 |
Operating leases |
|
|
109,580 |
|
|
23,402 |
|
|
32,828 |
|
|
22,677 |
|
|
30,673 |
Expected pension and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
postretirement plan
funding |
|
|
357,542 |
|
|
29,875 |
|
|
62,953 |
|
|
70,439 |
|
|
194,275 |
Estimated costs to complete |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
construction in progress |
|
|
20,900 |
|
|
20,900 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
Uncertain tax positions |
|
|
54,463 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
54,463 |
Purchase commitments |
|
|
65,140 |
|
|
28,693 |
|
|
36,447 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
Executive employment agreement |
|
|
50,000 |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
- |
Total contractual cash
obligations |
|
$ |
1,028,736 |
|
$ |
133,594 |
|
$ |
362,334 |
|
$ |
124,133 |
|
$ |
408,675 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments for
interest payments on long-term debt are based on the stated maturity dates of
each agreement, one of which bears a maturity date of 2102. Various factors
could have a material effect on the amount of future interest payments. Among
other things, interest commitments are based on the rate prevailing at December
31, 2009, but actual rates are variable and are certain to change over time.
Also, approximately $105 million of our outstanding debt is exchangeable for
common stock at the option of the holder, although the price of our common stock
is currently substantially below the level at which conversion would be
economical to the holders. Commitments for interest payments on long-term debt
also include commitment fees under our revolving credit facility, which expires
in April 2012.
Our consolidated
balance sheet at December 31, 2009 includes approximately $54.5 million of
liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions in multiple taxing
jurisdictions where we conduct business. Due to the uncertain and complex
application of tax regulations, combined with the difficulty in predicting when
tax audits throughout the world may be concluded, we cannot make reliable
estimates of the timing of cash outflows relating to these liabilities.
Accordingly, the uncertain tax positions are classified as payments due after
five years, although actual timing of payments may be sooner.
We maintain long-term
foundry agreements with subcontractors to ensure access to external front-end
capacity for our semiconductor products. The purchase commitments in the table
above include the estimated minimum commitments for silicon wafers under these
agreements. Our actual purchases in future periods are expected to be greater
than these minimum commitments.
GAAP requires that
management evaluate if purchase commitments are at prices in excess of current
market price. The purchase commitments for silicon wafers described above are
for the manufacture of proprietary products using Vishay Siliconix-owned
technology licensed to this subcontractor by Siliconix, and accordingly,
management can only estimate the “market price” of the wafers which are the
subject of these commitments. Management believes that these commitments are at
prices which are not in excess of estimated current market prices.
As more fully
described in Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements, on May 13, 2009,
we entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Dr. Felix
Zandman, our Executive Chairman, Chief Technical and Business Development
Office, and founder. Pursuant to the amended and restated employment agreement,
Dr. Zandman received $10 million upon signing the agreement and will receive
five additional annual payments of $10 million each.
-62-
For a further
discussion of our long-term debt, pensions and other postretirement benefits,
leases, uncertain tax positions, executive employment agreements, and purchase
commitments, see Notes 5, 6, 11, 13, and 14 to our consolidated financial
statements.
Inflation
Normally, inflation
does not have a significant impact on our operations as our products are not
generally sold on long-term contracts. Consequently, we can adjust our selling
prices, to the extent permitted by competition, to reflect cost increases caused
by inflation.
See also Item 7A,
“Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – Commodity Price
Risk” for additional related information.
Recent Accounting
Pronouncements
As more fully
described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements, several new
accounting pronouncements became effective in 2009 or will become effective in
future periods.
In June 2009, the
FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-01, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (ASC Topic 105), which establishes the FASB
Accounting Standards Codification (“the Codification” or “ASC”) as the official
single source of authoritative GAAP. All existing accounting standards were
superseded. All other accounting guidance not included in the Codification is
considered non-authoritative. The Codification also includes all relevant SEC
guidance organized using the same topical structure in separate sections within
the Codification.
Following the
Codification, the Board does not issue new standards in the form of Statements,
FASB Staff Positions or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts. Instead, it issues
Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) which serve to update the Codification,
provide background information about the guidance and provide the basis for
conclusions on the changes to the Codification.
The Codification is
not intended to change GAAP, but it changes the way GAAP is organized and
presented. The Codification was effective beginning with the Company’s third
fiscal quarter 2009 financial statements and the principal impact on the
financial statements was limited to disclosures as all references to
authoritative accounting literature are referenced in accordance with the
Codification. In order to ease the transition to the Codification, the Company
is providing the Codification cross-reference alongside the references to the
standards issued and adopted prior to the adoption of the
Codification.
The adoption of SFAS
No. 141-R, Business Combinations (ASC Topic 805), effective January 1, 2009,
changed the manner in which we account for acquisitions. While this new guidance
impacted all companies that make acquisitions, certain aspects of the new
guidance had and will continue to have a particular impact on
Vishay.
A primary tenet of
our business strategy has been the expansion within the electronic components
industry through the acquisition of other manufacturers of electronic components
that have established positions in major markets, reputations for product
quality and reliability, and product lines with which we have substantial
marketing and technical expertise. Our acquisition strategy relies upon reducing
selling, general, and administrative expenses through the integration or
elimination of redundant sales offices and administrative functions at acquired
companies, and achieving significant production cost savings through the
transfer and expansion of manufacturing operations to countries where we can
benefit from lower labor costs and available tax and other government-sponsored
incentives.
Under previous
accounting guidance, plant closure and employee termination costs that we
incurred in connection with our acquisition activities were included in the
costs of our acquisitions and did not affect earnings or losses on our
consolidated statement of operations. SFAS No. 141-R (ASC Topic 805) requires
such costs to be recorded as expenses in our consolidated statement of
operations, as such expenses are incurred.
Except as described
above, the adoption of the new standards described in Note 1 to our consolidated
financial statements is not expected to have a material effect on our financial
position, results of operations, or liquidity.
-63-
Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT
MARKET RISK
Market Risk Disclosure
We are exposed to
certain financial risks, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange
rates, interest rates, and commodity prices. We manage our exposure to these
market risks through internally established policies and procedures and, when
deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. Our
policies do not allow speculation in derivative instruments for profit or
execution of derivative instrument contracts for which there are no underlying
exposures. We do not use financial instruments for trading purposes and we are
not a party to any leveraged derivatives. We monitor our underlying market risk
exposures on an ongoing basis and believe that we can modify or adapt our
hedging strategies as needed.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to
changes in interest rates as a result of our borrowing activities and our cash
balances. On a selective basis, we have in the past entered into interest rate
swap or cap agreements to reduce the potential negative impact that increases in
interest rates could have on our outstanding variable rate debt. As of December
31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 we did not have any outstanding interest rate swap or
cap agreements.
We are exposed to
changes in interest rates on substantially all of our outstanding debt. The
exchangeable notes, of which $105 million are outstanding, bear interest at
LIBOR (reset quarterly).
The interest paid on
our credit facility is based on a LIBOR spread. At December 31, 2009, we had
$125 million outstanding under the revolving credit facility and $87.5 million
outstanding under the term loan facility. The present amounts outstanding under
the revolving credit commitment bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.52%, and the term
loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.50%.
At December 31, 2009,
we have $579.2 million of cash and cash equivalents, which accrues interest at
various variable rates.
Based on the debt and
cash positions at December 31, 2009, we would expect a 50 basis point increase
or decrease in interest rates to increase or decrease our annualized net
earnings by approximately $0.9 million.
See Note 6 to our
consolidated financial statements for additional information about our long-term
debt. Also see “Economic Outlook and Impact on Operations and Future Financial
Results” included in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations” for additional discussion of market
risks.
-64-
Foreign Exchange Risk
We are exposed to
foreign currency exchange rate risks, particularly due to market values of
transactions in currencies other than the functional currencies of certain
subsidiaries. From time to time, we utilize forward contracts to hedge a portion
of projected cash flows from these exposures. As of December 31, 2009, we did
not have any outstanding foreign currency forward exchange
contracts.
Our significant
foreign subsidiaries are located in Germany, Israel, and Asia. We finance our
operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies. Our
operations in Israel and most significant locations in Asia are largely financed
in U.S. dollars, but these subsidiaries also have significant transactions in
local currencies. Our exposure to foreign currency risk is mitigated to the
extent that the costs incurred and the revenues earned in a particular currency
offset one another. Our exposure to foreign currency risk is more pronounced in
Israel, the Czech Republic, and China because the percentage of expenses
denominated in Israeli shekels, Czech koruna, and Chinese renminbi to total
expenses is much greater than the percentage of sales denominated in Israeli
shekels, Czech koruna, and Chinese renminbi to total sales. Therefore, if the
Israeli shekel, Czech koruna, and Chinese renminbi strengthen against all or
most of our other major currencies, our operating profit is reduced. We also
have a higher percentage of Euro-denominated sales than expenses. Therefore,
when the Euro strengthens against all or most of our other major currencies, our
operating profit is increased. Accordingly, we monitor several important
cross-rates.
We have performed
sensitivity analyses as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, using a model that
measures the change in the values arising from a hypothetical 10% adverse
movement in foreign currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar, with
all other variables held constant. The foreign currency exchange rates we used
were based on market rates in effect at December 31, 2009 and 2008. The
sensitivity analyses indicated that a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in
foreign currency exchange rates would impact our net earnings by approximately
$6.4 million and $3.7 million at December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008,
respectively, although individual line items in our consolidated statement of
operations would be materially affected. For example, a 10% weakening in all
foreign currencies would increase the U.S. dollar equivalent of operating income
generated in foreign currencies, which would be offset by foreign exchange
losses of our foreign subsidiaries that have significant transactions in U.S.
dollars or have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency.
A change in the mix
of the currencies in which we transact our business could have a material effect
on the estimated impact of the hypothetical 10% movement in the value of the
U.S. dollar. Furthermore, the timing of cash receipts and disbursements could
result in materially different actual results versus the hypothetical 10%
movement in the value of the U.S. dollar, particularly if there are significant
changes in exchange rates in a short period of time.
-65-
Commodity Price Risk
Although most
materials incorporated in our products are available from a number of sources,
certain materials are available only from a relatively limited number of
suppliers or are subject to significant price volatility. Our results of
operations may be materially and adversely affected if we have difficulty
obtaining these raw materials, the quality of available raw materials
deteriorates, or there are significant price changes for these raw materials.
For periods in which the prices of these raw materials are rising, we may be
unable to pass on the increased cost to our customers which would result in
decreased margins for the products in which they are used. For periods in which
the prices are declining, we may be required to write down our inventory
carrying cost of these raw materials, since we record our inventory at the lower
of cost or market. Depending on the extent of the difference between market
price and our carrying cost, this write-down could have a material adverse
effect on our net earnings. We also may need to record losses for adverse
purchase commitments for these materials in periods of declining
prices.
We are a major
consumer of the world’s annual production of tantalum, a metal used in the
manufacturing of tantalum capacitors. There are few suppliers that process
tantalum ore into capacitor grade tantalum powder. We acquire tantalum raw
material from all of them under short-term commitments. See Note 14 to our
consolidated financial statements for information on our previous long-term
tantalum purchase commitments, which expired in 2006.
Palladium, a metal
used to produce multi-layer ceramic capacitors, is currently found primarily in
South Africa and Russia. Palladium is a commodity metal that is subject to price
volatility. We periodically enter into short-term commitments to purchase
palladium.
Certain metals used
in the manufacture of our products are traded on active markets, and can be
subject to significant price volatility. Our policy is to enter into short-term
commitments to purchase defined portions of annual consumption of these metals
if market prices decline below budget. For much of 2008, these metals were
trading near all-time record-high prices. During the fourth quarter of 2008, as
metals prices declined significantly from these record-high prices, we entered
into commitments to purchase a portion of our estimated 2009 metals needs,
principally for copper and palladium. After entering into these commitments, the
market prices for these metals continued to decline. As a result, we recorded
losses on these adverse purchase commitments during the fourth quarter of
2008.
We estimate that a
10% increase or decrease in the costs of raw materials subject to commodity
price risk would decrease or increase our net earnings by $7.5 million, assuming
that such changes in our costs have no impact on the selling prices of our
products and that we have no pending commitments to purchase metals at fixed
prices.
Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY
DATA
The financial
statements required by this Item are included herein, commencing on page F-1 of
this report.
Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
None.
-66-
Item 9A. CONTROLS AND
PROCEDURES
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was
performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management,
including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer
(“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure
controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule
15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls
and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this annual
report to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that we
file or submit under the Exchange Act are: (1) recorded, processed, summarized,
and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and
(2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO,
as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting
Our management is
responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and
15d-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management,
including our CEO and CFO, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of
our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 based on
the framework set forth in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on that evaluation, our
management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was
effective as of December 31, 2009.
Ernst & Young LLP
has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control
over financial reporting, as stated in their report which is included herein on
page F-3.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial
Reporting
There were no changes
in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by
this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Certifications
The certifications of
our CEO and CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are
filed as Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We have also
filed with the New York Stock Exchange the most recent Annual Certification as
required by Section 303A.12(a) of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company
Manual.
Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
-67-
PART III
Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
We have a code of
ethics applicable to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer,
Principal Accounting Officer or Controller, and financial managers. The text of
this code has been posted on our website. To view the code, go to our website at
ir.vishay.com and click on Corporate Governance. You can obtain a printed copy
of this code, free of charge, by contacting us at the following
address:
Corporate Investor Relations
Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
63 Lancaster
Avenue
Malvern, PA
19355-2143
It is our intention
to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding any
amendment to, or any waiver from, a provision of this code by posting such
information on our website, at the aforementioned address and
location.
Certain information
required under this Item with respect to our Executive Officers is set forth in
Part I hereof under the caption “Executive Officers of the
Registrant.”
Other information
required under this Item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement,
which will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2009, our most recent fiscal
year end, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
Information required
under this Item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement, which will
be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2009, our most recent fiscal year end,
and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. |
|
SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
|
Information required
under this Item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement, which will
be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2009, our most recent fiscal year end,
and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED
TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Information required
under this Item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement, which will
be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2009, our most recent fiscal year end,
and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND
SERVICES
Information required
under this Item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement, which will
be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2009, our most recent fiscal year end,
and is incorporated herein by reference.
-68-
PART IV
Item 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT
SCHEDULES
(a) Documents Filed as Part of Form
10-K
1. |
|
Financial
Statements
|
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|
|
The
Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2009 are
filed herewith. See Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements on page
F-1 of this report.
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2. |
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Financial Statement
Schedules
|
|
|
All financial
statement schedules for which provision is made in the applicable
accounting regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not
required under the related instructions or are inapplicable and therefore
have been omitted.
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3. |
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Exhibits
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2.1 |
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Master Purchase
Agreement dated as of November 8, 2006, by and between Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. and International Rectifier Corporation with respect
to all outstanding capital stock of International Rectifier Canada
Limited, International Rectifier Electronic Motion Systems Ltd., IR
Germany Holdings GmbH, International Rectifier (India) Limited,
International Rectifier Corporation Italiana S.p.A. and Xi’an IR
Micro-Electronics Co., Ltd. and certain of the assets of International
Rectifier Corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to
International Rectifier Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K filed
November 14, 2006.
|
|
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2.9* |
|
Amendment and
Waiver Agreement, dated as of March 30, 2007, by and between Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc., Siliconix inc., V.I.E.C., Ltd., Vishay Europe GmbH,
Siliconix Semiconductor, Inc. (acting in its function as managing partner
of the limited partnership, Siliconix Technology C.V.), Vishay Americas,
Inc., Vishay Asia Logistics Pte. Ltd., and International Rectifier
Corporation, International Rectifier Southeast Asia Pte, Ltd and IR
International Holdings China, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
2.1 to International Rectifier Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K
filed April 9, 2007.
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|
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2.10 |
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Asset Purchase
Agreement dated as of September 15, 2008, by and between KEMET Electronics
Corporation (a wholly-owned subsidiary of KEMET Corporation) and Siliconix
Technology C.V. (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vishay Intertechnology,
Inc.). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our quarterly report on
Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 27, 2008.
|
|
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3.1 |
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Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
dated May 28, 2008. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our
current report on Form 8-K filed May 28, 2008.
|
|
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3.2 |
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Amended and
Restated Bylaws dated May 28, 2008. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.2 to our current report on Form 8-K filed May 28, 2008.
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4.1 |
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Warrant
Agreement between Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. and American Stock Transfer
& Trust Co., dated December 13, 2002. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed December 23,
2002.
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4.2 |
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Note
Instrument, dated as of December 13, 2002. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to our current report on Form 8-K filed December 23,
2002.
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4.3 |
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Indenture,
dated as of August 6, 2003, by and between Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
and Wachovia Bank, National Association. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to our Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-110259)
filed on November 5, 2003.
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|
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10.1 |
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Vishay
Intertechnology Section 162(m) Cash Bonus Plan. Incorporated by reference
to Annex B to our Proxy Statement, dated April 7, 2004, for our 2004
Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
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-69-
|
10.2 |
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Vishay Intertechnology Senior
Executive Phantom Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Annex C to our
Proxy Statement, dated April 7, 2004, for our 2004 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders.
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10.3 |
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Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2008.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form
8-K filed June 25, 2008.
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10.4 |
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First Amendment to the Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form
8-K filed December 16, 2008.
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10.5 |
|
Second Amendment to Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form
8-K filed July 31, 2009.
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10.6 |
|
Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
1998 Stock Option Program. Incorporated by reference to our Proxy
Statement, dated April 16, 1998, for our 1998 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders.
|
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10.7 |
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Amendment to Section 4.1 of
Vishay’s 1998 Stock Option Program. Incorporated by reference to Proposal
Three, included in our Proxy Statement, dated April 16, 2007, for our 2007
Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
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10.8 |
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General Semiconductor, Inc.
Amended and Restated 1998 Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended on February
7, 2001. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to General
Semiconductor’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2000.
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10.9 |
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Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
2007 Stock Incentive Program (as amended and restated effective April
2008). Incorporated by reference to Annex A to our Proxy Statement, dated
April 16, 2008, for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
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10.10 |
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Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
2007 Stock Incentive Program (as amended and restated effective February
2009). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our quarterly report
on Form 10-Q filed on May 5, 2009.
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10.11 |
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Money Purchase Plan Agreement
of Measurements Group, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(6)
to Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement on Form S-7 (No.
2-69970).
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10.12 |
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Securities Investment and
Registration Rights Agreement by and among Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
and the Original Holders (as defined), dated as of December 13, 2002.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to our current report on Form 8-K
filed December 23, 2002.
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10.13 |
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Note Purchase Agreement
between Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. and Subscribers (as defined), dated
as of December 13, 2002. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our
current report on Form 8-K filed December 23, 2002.
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10.14 |
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Put and Call Agreement
between Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. and the Initial Holders (as defined),
dated as of December 13, 2002. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to
our current report on Form 8-K filed December 23, 2002.
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10.15 |
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Amended and Restated
Employment Agreement between Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. and Dr. Felix
Zandman. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our current report
on Form 8-K/A filed May 15, 2009.
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10.16 |
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Employment agreement, between
Vishay Israel Ltd. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Vishay Intertechnology,
Inc.) and Marc Zandman. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our
quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended October 2,
2004.
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10.17 |
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Employment agreement, between
Vishay Europe GmbH (an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc.) and Dr. Gerald Paul. Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.3 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter
ended October 2, 2004.
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10.19 |
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Consulting and
Non-Competition Agreement between Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. and Richard
N. Grubb. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to our 2008 annual
report on Form 10-K.
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10.20 |
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Employment agreement, between Vishay Israel Ltd. (a wholly owned
subsidiary of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.) and Ziv Shoshani. Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the
fiscal quarter ended October 2, 2004. |
-70-
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10.21 |
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Employment
agreement, between Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. and Dr. Lior E. Yahalomi.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form
8-K/A filed December 10, 2008.
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10.22 |
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Technology
License Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and between International
Rectifier Corporation and Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 99.1 to International Rectifier Corporation’s current
report on Form 8-K filed April 9, 2007.
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10.23 |
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Technology
License Back Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and between Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. and International Rectifier Corporation.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to International Rectifier
Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K filed April 9, 2007.
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10.24 |
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Trademark
License Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and between International
Rectifier Corporation and Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 99.3 to International Rectifier Corporation’s current
report on Form 8-K filed April 9, 2007.
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10.25 |
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IR Trademark
License Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and between International
Rectifier Corporation and Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 99.4 to International Rectifier Corporation’s current
report on Form 8-K filed April 9, 2007.
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10.26 |
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Amended and
Restated Transition Services Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and
between International Rectifier Corporation and Vishay Intertechnology,
Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5 to International Rectifier
Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K filed April 9, 2007.
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10.27* |
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Transition
Product Services Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and between
International Rectifier Corporation, International Rectifier Southeast
Asia Pte. Ltd., Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., and Vishay Asia Logistics
Pte. Ltd. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.6 to International
Rectifier Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K filed April 9,
2007.
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10.28 |
|
Transition Buy
Back Die Supply Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and between
International Rectifier Corporation and Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.7 to International Rectifier
Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K filed April 9, 2007.
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10.29 |
|
Transition
IGBT/Auto Die Supply Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and between
International Rectifier Corporation and Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.8 to International Rectifier
Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K filed April 9, 2007.
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10.30 |
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Indemnification
Escrow Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2007, by and among Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc., International Rectifier Corporation and Union Bank
of California, N.A., as escrow agent. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
99.9 to International Rectifier Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K
filed April 9, 2007.
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10.31* |
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Confidential
Settlement Agreement and Release, Amendment No. 1 to Transition Buy Back
Die Supply Agreement, Amendment No. 2 to Technology License Agreement,
Amendment No. 7 to Master Purchase Agreement, and Amendment No. 3 to Asset
Purchase Agreement, dated June 25, 2009, by and between Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. and International Rectifier Corporation.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to International Rectifier
Corporation’s current report on Form 8-K/A filed July 29,
2009.
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10.32 |
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Loan Agreement
dated as of September 15, 2008, between KEMET Electronics Corporation and
Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September
27, 2008.
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10.33 |
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Pledge and
Security Agreement dated as of September 15, 2008 made by KEMET
Electronics Corporation in favor of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our quarterly report on Form
10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 27, 2008.
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21 |
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Subsidiaries of
the Registrant.
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23.1 |
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Consent of
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
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31.1 |
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Certification
pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002 – Chief Executive Officer.
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-71-
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31.2 |
|
Certification
pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002 – Chief Financial Officer.
|
|
32.1 |
|
Certification
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 – Chief Executive Officer.
|
|
32.2 |
|
Certification
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 – Chief Financial
Officer.
|
____________________
* International
Rectifier Corporation has requested confidential treatment with respect to
certain portions of this agreement, which have been omitted from the exhibit.
The omitted portions have been filed separately by International Rectifier with
the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain schedules have been omitted in
reliance upon Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Vishay agrees to furnish the
SEC, supplementally, a copy of any omitted schedule upon request.
-72-
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the
requirement of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY,
INC. |
|
By: |
/s/ Gerald
Paul |
|
|
Dr. Gerald Paul |
|
President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
|
February 26,
2010 |
Pursuant to the
requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed
below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities
and on the dates indicated below.
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
Principal Executive
Officer: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Gerald
Paul |
|
President, Chief Executive Officer, |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Dr. Gerald Paul |
|
and Director |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Financial
Officer: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Lior E.
Yahalomi |
|
Executive Vice President and Chief |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Dr. Lior E. Yahalomi |
|
Financial Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Accounting
Officer: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Lori
Lipcaman |
|
Executive Vice President and Chief |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Lori Lipcaman |
|
Accounting Officer |
|
|
|
Board of
Directors: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Felix
Zandman |
|
Executive Chairman of |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Dr. Felix Zandman |
|
the Board of Directors |
|
|
|
/s/ Marc
Zandman |
|
Vice-Chairman of |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Marc Zandman |
|
the Board of Directors |
|
|
|
/s/ Zvi
Grinfas |
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Zvi Grinfas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Eli Hurvitz |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Abraham
Ludomirski |
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Abraham Ludomirski |
|
|
|
|
-73-
/s/ Wayne M.
Rogers |
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Wayne M. Rogers |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Ronald M.
Ruzic |
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Ronald M. Ruzic |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Ziv
Shoshani |
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Ziv Shoshani |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Thomas C.
Wertheimer |
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Thomas C. Wertheimer |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Ruta
Zandman |
|
Director |
|
February 26, 2010 |
Ruta Zandman |
|
|
|
|
-74-
Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Reports of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm |
F-2 |
|
Audited Consolidated Financial
Statements |
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets |
F-4 |
Consolidated Statements of Operations |
F-6 |
Consolidated Statements of Cash
Flows |
F-7 |
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity |
F-8 |
Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements |
F-10 |
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
on the Consolidated Financial Statements
The Board of
Directors and Stockholders of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.:
We have audited the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. as of
December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of
operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2009. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our
audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the
financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects,
the consolidated financial position of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. at December
31, 2009 and 2008, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, in
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited,
in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.’s internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in
Internal Control-Integrated
Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report
dated February 26, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
|
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP |
|
|
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
|
February 26, 2010 |
|
F-2
Report of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The Board of
Directors and Stockholders of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.:
We have audited
Vishay Intertechnology Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Vishay
Intertechnology Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective
internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the
accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control
over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our
audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over
financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing
and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based
on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable
basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal
control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation
of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial
reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect
the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its
inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent
or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to
future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion,
Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based
on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited,
in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 of Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. and our report dated February 26, 2010 expressed an
unqualified opinion thereon.
|
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP |
|
|
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
|
February 26, 2010 |
|
F-3
VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY,
INC.
Consolidated
Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share
amounts)
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
(recast - see Note
1) |
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ |
579,189 |
|
|
$ |
324,164 |
|
|
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
accounts of $9,253 and $3,310, respectively |
|
284,295 |
|
|
|
311,197 |
|
|
Inventories: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Finished goods |
|
119,723 |
|
|
|
173,280 |
|
Work in process |
|
192,206 |
|
|
|
211,320 |
|
Raw materials |
|
122,940 |
|
|
|
153,419 |
|
Total inventories |
|
434,869 |
|
|
|
538,019 |
|
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
16,781 |
|
|
|
15,251 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other
current assets |
|
92,409 |
|
|
|
139,903 |
|
Total current assets |
|
1,407,543 |
|
|
|
1,328,534 |
|
|
Property and equipment, at
cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Land |
|
98,623 |
|
|
|
98,827 |
|
Buildings and improvements |
|
528,438 |
|
|
|
508,579 |
|
Machinery and
equipment |
|
2,126,226 |
|
|
|
2,091,124 |
|
Construction in progress |
|
36,193 |
|
|
|
80,857 |
|
Allowance for
depreciation |
|
(1,779,224 |
) |
|
|
(1,617,225 |
) |
|
|
1,010,256 |
|
|
|
1,162,162 |
|
|
Intangible assets, net |
|
153,623 |
|
|
|
177,782 |
|
|
Other assets |
|
148,124 |
|
|
|
147,482 |
|
Total assets |
$ |
2,719,546 |
|
|
$ |
2,815,960 |
|
Continues on following page.
F-4
VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY,
INC.
Consolidated
Balance Sheets (continued)
(In thousands, except share amounts)
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
(recast - see Note
1) |
Liabilities and stockholders'
equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes payable to banks |
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
11,293 |
|
Trade accounts
payable |
|
118,216 |
|
|
|
104,608 |
|
Payroll and related expenses |
|
87,566 |
|
|
|
117,197 |
|
Other accrued
expenses |
|
162,083 |
|
|
|
191,086 |
|
Income taxes |
|
23,558 |
|
|
|
24,901 |
|
Current portion of long-term
debt |
|
16,054 |
|
|
|
13,044 |
|
Total current liabilities |
|
407,501 |
|
|
|
462,129 |
|
|
Long-term debt, less current
portion |
|
320,052 |
|
|
|
333,631 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
13,062 |
|
|
|
18,842 |
|
Deferred grant income |
|
2,526 |
|
|
|
3,143 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
152,874 |
|
|
|
123,207 |
|
Accrued pension and other postretirement
costs |
|
301,930 |
|
|
|
325,112 |
|
Total liabilities |
|
1,197,945 |
|
|
|
1,266,064 |
|
|
Commitments and contingencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders' equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, par value
$1.00 per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
authorized - 1,000,000 shares; none issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
authorized - 300,000,000 shares; 172,283,533 and 172,200,536 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shares outstanding after deducting 274,173 shares in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
treasury |
|
17,228 |
|
|
|
17,220 |
|
Class B convertible common
stock, par value $0.10 per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
authorized - 40,000,000 shares; 14,352,888 and 14,352,888 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shares outstanding after deducting 279,453 shares in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
treasury |
|
1,435 |
|
|
|
1,435 |
|
Capital in excess of par value |
|
2,317,613 |
|
|
|
2,315,851 |
|
(Accumulated deficit) retained
earnings |
|
(922,805 |
) |
|
|
(865,617 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
|
102,975 |
|
|
|
75,969 |
|
Total Vishay stockholders'
equity |
|
1,516,446 |
|
|
|
1,544,858 |
|
Noncontrolling interests |
|
5,155 |
|
|
|
5,038 |
|
Total equity |
|
1,521,601 |
|
|
|
1,549,896 |
|
Total liabilities and equity |
$ |
2,719,546 |
|
|
$ |
2,815,960 |
|
See accompanying notes.
F-5
VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY,
INC.
Consolidated
Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except for per share)
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
(recast - see Note 1) |
|
(recast - see Note
1) |
Net revenues |
$ |
2,042,033 |
|
|
$ |
2,822,211 |
|
|
$ |
2,833,266 |
|
Costs of products sold |
|
1,653,872 |
|
|
|
2,219,220 |
|
|
|
2,138,438 |
|
Loss on purchase commitments |
|
- |
|
|
|
6,024 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Gross profit |
|
388,161 |
|
|
|
596,967 |
|
|
|
694,828 |
|
|
Selling, general, and administrative
expenses |
|
359,162 |
|
|
|
450,879 |
|
|
|
439,017 |
|
Restructuring and severance costs |
|
37,874 |
|
|
|
62,537 |
|
|
|
14,681 |
|
Asset write-downs |
|
681 |
|
|
|
5,073 |
|
|
|
3,869 |
|
Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles |
|
- |
|
|
|
1,723,174 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Terminated tender offer
expenses |
|
- |
|
|
|
4,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Contract termination charge |
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
18,893 |
|
Settlement agreement gain |
|
(28,195 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Executive employment agreement charge |
|
57,824 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Operating income (loss) |
|
(39,185 |
) |
|
|
(1,648,696 |
) |
|
|
218,368 |
|
|
Other income (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
(10,321 |
) |
|
|
(38,668 |
) |
|
|
(51,976 |
) |
Other |
|
9,791 |
|
|
|
14,876 |
|
|
|
15,948 |
|
|
|
(530 |
) |
|
|
(23,792 |
) |
|
|
(36,028 |
) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before taxes |
|
(39,715 |
) |
|
|
(1,672,488 |
) |
|
|
182,340 |
|
|
Income tax expense |
|
16,800 |
|
|
|
11,187 |
|
|
|
64,133 |
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing
operations, net of tax |
|
(56,515 |
) |
|
|
(1,683,675 |
) |
|
|
118,207 |
|
|
Loss from discontinued operations, net
of tax |
|
- |
|
|
|
(47,826 |
) |
|
|
(9,587 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
|
(56,515 |
) |
|
|
(1,731,501 |
) |
|
|
108,620 |
|
Less: net earnings attributable to
noncontrolling interests |
|
673 |
|
|
|
718 |
|
|
|
1,180 |
|
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Vishay stockholders |
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
$ |
107,440 |
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share
attributable to Vishay
stockholders:* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.04 |
) |
|
$ |
0.63 |
|
Discontinued operations |
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.29 |
) |
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
attributable to Vishay
stockholders:* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.04 |
) |
|
$ |
0.63 |
|
Discontinued operations |
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.29 |
) |
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding -
basic |
|
186,605 |
|
|
|
186,403 |
|
|
|
185,646 |
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding -
diluted |
|
186,605 |
|
|
|
186,403 |
|
|
|
192,351 |
|
|
Amounts attributable to Vishay
stockholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing
operations, net of tax |
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,684,393 |
) |
|
$ |
117,027 |
|
Discontinued operations, net of tax |
|
- |
|
|
|
(47,826 |
) |
|
|
(9,587 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
$ |
107,440 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying
notes. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
____________________
* May not add due to
rounding.
F-6
VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY,
INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash
Flows
(In
thousands)
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Continuing operating
activities |
|
|
|
(recast - see Note 1) |
|
(recast - see Note
1) |
Net earnings (loss) |
|
$ |
(56,515 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,731,501 |
) |
|
$ |
108,620 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided
by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on discontinued operations, net of tax |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
47,826 |
|
|
|
9,587 |
|
Impairment of goodwill and
indefinite-lived intangibles, net of tax |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,668,036 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
229,643 |
|
|
|
222,934 |
|
|
|
216,719 |
|
Loss (gain) on disposal of
property and equipment |
|
|
460 |
|
|
|
(7,584 |
) |
|
|
(3,490 |
) |
Accretion of interest on convertible debentures |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
13,221 |
|
|
|
21,296 |
|
Contract termination
charge |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
18,893 |
|
Inventory write-offs for obsolescence |
|
|
31,908 |
|
|
|
38,478 |
|
|
|
25,766 |
|
Loss on purchase
commitments |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,024 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Pensions and other postretirement benefits |
|
|
27,146 |
|
|
|
24,017 |
|
|
|
20,981 |
|
Asset write-downs |
|
|
681 |
|
|
|
5,073 |
|
|
|
3,869 |
|
Deferred grant income |
|
|
(688 |
) |
|
|
(1,386 |
) |
|
|
(4,837 |
) |
Deferred income
taxes |
|
|
(12,957 |
) |
|
|
(12,771 |
) |
|
|
17,202 |
|
Other |
|
|
(39,058 |
) |
|
|
25,929 |
|
|
|
(2,658 |
) |
Net change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of
businesses acquired |
|
|
109,797 |
|
|
|
(29,797 |
) |
|
|
(77,326 |
) |
Net cash provided by continuing
operating activities |
|
|
290,417 |
|
|
|
268,499 |
|
|
|
354,622 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing investing
activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital expenditures |
|
|
(50,340 |
) |
|
|
(151,994 |
) |
|
|
(200,027 |
) |
Proceeds from sale of property and
equipment |
|
|
6,387 |
|
|
|
17,696 |
|
|
|
6,720 |
|
Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired |
|
|
28,195 |
|
|
|
(74,234 |
) |
|
|
(331,784 |
) |
Proceeds from sale of business |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
18,667 |
|
Other investing activities |
|
|
1,438 |
|
|
|
450 |
|
|
|
(8,562 |
) |
Net cash used in continuing investing
activities |
|
|
(14,320 |
) |
|
|
(208,082 |
) |
|
|
(514,986 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing financing
activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from long-term borrowings, net of issuance costs |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
123,379 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Principal payments on long-term debt and
capital leases |
|
|
(28,754 |
) |
|
|
(514,053 |
) |
|
|
(3,854 |
) |
Net proceeds (payments) on revolving credit lines |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
125,000 |
|
|
|
(1,356 |
) |
Net changes in short-term
borrowings |
|
|
(11,278 |
) |
|
|
10,635 |
|
|
|
(595 |
) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
(556 |
) |
|
|
(1,044 |
) |
|
|
(610 |
) |
Proceeds from stock options
exercised |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
617 |
|
|
|
20,694 |
|
Net cash provided by (used in) continuing financing
activities |
|
|
(25,588 |
) |
|
|
(255,466 |
) |
|
|
14,279 |
|
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
and cash equivalents |
|
|
7,703 |
|
|
|
(6,759 |
) |
|
|
23,306 |
|
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents from continuing
activities |
|
|
258,212 |
|
|
|
(201,808 |
) |
|
|
(122,779 |
) |
Net cash used by discontinued operating
activities |
|
|
(3,187 |
) |
|
|
(12,753 |
) |
|
|
(10,179 |
) |
Net cash provided (used) by discontinued investing
activities |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,430 |
|
|
|
(1,333 |
) |
Net cash used by discontinued financing
activities |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Net cash used by discontinued operations |
|
|
(3,187 |
) |
|
|
(11,323 |
) |
|
|
(11,512 |
) |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash
equivalents |
|
|
255,025 |
|
|
|
(213,131 |
) |
|
|
(134,291 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
|
|
324,164 |
|
|
|
537,295 |
|
|
|
671,586 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of
year |
|
$ |
579,189 |
|
|
$ |
324,164 |
|
|
$ |
537,295 |
|
|
See accompanying
notes.
F-7
VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders'
Equity
(In thousands, except share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
Class B |
|
|
|
|
|
Retained |
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible |
|
Capital in |
|
Earnings |
|
Other |
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common |
|
Common |
|
Excess of |
|
(Accumulated |
|
Comprehensive |
|
Stockholders' |
|
Noncontrolling |
|
Total |
|
|
Stock |
|
Stock |
|
Par Value |
|
Deficit) |
|
Income (Loss) |
|
Equity |
|
Interests |
|
Equity |
Balance at January 1, 2007 (recast - see
Note 1) |
|
$ |
17,010 |
|
$ |
1,436 |
|
|
$ |
2,289,748 |
|
|
$ |
759,162 |
|
|
$ |
35,493 |
|
|
$ |
3,102,849 |
|
|
$ |
4,794 |
|
|
$ |
3,107,643 |
|
Net earnings |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
107,440 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
107,440 |
|
|
|
1,180 |
|
|
|
108,620 |
|
Foreign currency translation
adjustment |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
84,697 |
|
|
|
84,697 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
84,697 |
|
Pension and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
post-retirement actuarial
items |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
40,376 |
|
|
|
40,376 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
40,376 |
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on
available-for-sale securities |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(296 |
) |
|
|
(296 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(296 |
) |
Comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
232,217 |
|
|
|
1,180 |
|
|
|
233,397 |
|
Distributions to noncontrolling
interests |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(610 |
) |
|
|
(610 |
) |
Stock options exercised (1,879,107 shares) |
|
|
188 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
20,505 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
20,693 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
20,693 |
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,819 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,819 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,819 |
|
Conversions from Class B to common (5,473 shares) |
|
|
1 |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
Balance at December 31, 2007 (recast -
see Note 1) |
|
$ |
17,199 |
|
$ |
1,435 |
|
|
$ |
2,312,072 |
|
|
$ |
866,602 |
|
|
$ |
160,270 |
|
|
$ |
3,357,578 |
|
|
$ |
5,364 |
|
|
$ |
3,362,942 |
|
Net earnings |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
|
718 |
|
|
|
(1,731,501 |
) |
Foreign currency translation
adjustment |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(16,673 |
) |
|
|
(16,673 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(16,673 |
) |
Pension and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
post-retirement actuarial
items |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(67,171 |
) |
|
|
(67,171 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(67,171 |
) |
Unrealized gain (loss) on
available-for-sale securities |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(457 |
) |
|
|
(457 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(457 |
) |
Comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,816,520 |
) |
|
|
718 |
|
|
|
(1,815,802 |
) |
Distributions to noncontrolling
interests |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,044 |
) |
|
|
(1,044 |
) |
Phanton and restricted stock issuances (100,999 shares) |
|
|
10 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Stock options exercised (110,145
shares) |
|
|
11 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
605 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
616 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
616 |
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
3,184 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
3,184 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
3,184 |
|
Balance at
December 31, 2008 (recast - see Note 1) |
|
$ |
17,220 |
|
$ |
1,435 |
|
|
$ |
2,315,851 |
|
|
$ |
(865,617 |
) |
|
$ |
75,969 |
|
|
$ |
1,544,858 |
|
|
$ |
5,038 |
|
|
$ |
1,549,896 |
|
|
Continues on following page.
F-8
VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(continued)
(In thousands, except share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
Class B |
|
|
|
|
|
Retained |
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible |
|
Capital in |
|
Earnings |
|
Other |
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common |
|
Common |
|
Excess of |
|
(Accumulated |
|
Comprehensive |
|
Stockholders' |
|
|
Noncontrolling |
|
Total |
|
|
Stock |
|
Stock |
|
Par Value |
|
Deficit) |
|
Income (Loss) |
|
Equity |
|
Interests |
|
Equity |
Balance at December 31, 2008 (recast -
see Note 1) |
|
$ |
17,220 |
|
$ |
1,435 |
|
$ |
2,315,851 |
|
|
$ |
(865,617 |
) |
|
$ |
75,969 |
|
$ |
1,544,858 |
|
|
$ |
5,038 |
|
|
$ |
1,549,896 |
|
Net earnings (loss) |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(57,188 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
(57,188 |
) |
|
|
673 |
|
|
|
(56,515 |
) |
Foreign currency translation
adjustment |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
10,080 |
|
|
10,080 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
10,080 |
|
Pension and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
post-retirement actuarial
items |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
16,272 |
|
|
16,272 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
16,272 |
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on
available-for-sale securities |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
654 |
|
|
654 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
654 |
|
Comprehensive income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30,182 |
) |
|
|
673 |
|
|
|
(29,509 |
) |
Distributions to noncontrolling
interests |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(556 |
) |
|
|
(556 |
) |
Phantom and restricted stock issuances (82,997 shares) |
|
|
8 |
|
|
- |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
1,770 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
1,770 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,770 |
|
Balance at December
31, 2009 |
|
$ |
17,228 |
|
$ |
1,435 |
|
$ |
2,317,613 |
|
|
$ |
(922,805 |
) |
|
$ |
102,975 |
|
$ |
1,516,446 |
|
|
$ |
5,155 |
|
|
$ |
1,521,601 |
|
|
See accompanying notes.
F-9
Vishay Intertechnology,
Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Vishay
Intertechnology, Inc. (“Vishay” or the “Company”) is an international
manufacturer and supplier of discrete semiconductors and passive electronic
components, including power MOSFETs, power conversion and motor control
integrated circuits, transistors, diodes, optoelectronic components, resistors,
capacitors, inductors, strain gages, load cells, force measurement sensors,
displacement sensors, and photoelastic sensors. Semiconductors and electronic
components manufactured by the Company are used in virtually all types of
electronic products, including those in the industrial, computer, automotive,
consumer electronics products, telecommunications, military/aerospace, and
medical industries.
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies
Use of Estimates
The preparation of
financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial
statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ significantly
from those estimates.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Vishay and all of its subsidiaries
in which a controlling financial interest is maintained. For those consolidated
subsidiaries in which the Company’s ownership is less than 100 percent, the
outside stockholders’ interests are shown as noncontrolling interest in the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Investments in affiliates over which
the Company has significant influence but not a controlling interest are carried
on the equity basis. Investments in affiliates over which the Company does not
have significant influence are accounted for by the cost method. All
intercompany transactions, accounts, and profits are eliminated.
Subsequent Events
In connection with
the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and in accordance with
GAAP, the Company evaluated subsequent events after the balance sheet date of
December 31, 2009 through February 26, 2010, the date these financial statements
were issued through the filing of this annual report on Form 10-K with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Revenue Recognition
The Company
recognizes revenue on product sales during the period when the sales process is
complete. This generally occurs when products are shipped to the customer in
accordance with terms of an agreement of sale, title and risk of loss have been
transferred, collectibility is reasonably assured, and pricing is fixed or
determinable. For a small percentage of sales where title and risk of loss
passes at point of delivery, the Company recognizes revenue upon delivery to the
customer, assuming all other criteria for revenue recognition are met. The
Company historically has had agreements with distributors that provided limited
rights of product return. The Company has modified these arrangements to allow
distributors a limited credit for unsaleable products, which it terms a “scrap
allowance.” Consistent with industry practice, the Company also has a “stock,
ship and debit” program whereby it considers requests by distributors for
credits on previously purchased products that remain in distributors’ inventory,
to enable the distributors to offer more competitive pricing. In addition, the
Company has contractual arrangements whereby it provides distributors with
protection against price reductions initiated by the Company after product is
sold by the Company to the distributor and prior to resale by the
distributor.
F-10
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
The Company records a
reduction of revenue during each period, and records a related accrued expense
for the period, based upon its estimate of product returns, scrap allowances,
“stock, ship and debit” credits, and price protection credits that will be
attributable to sales recorded through the end of the period. The Company makes
these estimates based upon sales levels to its distributors during the period,
inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market conditions,
and historical experience under the programs. While the Company utilizes a
number of different methodologies to estimate the accruals, all of the
methodologies take into account sales levels to distributors during the relevant
period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market
trends and conditions, recent and historical activity under the relevant
programs, changes in program policies, and open requests for credits. These
procedures require the exercise of significant judgments. The Company believes
that it has a reasonable basis to estimate future credits under the
programs.
Royalty revenues,
included in net revenues on the consolidated statements of operations, were
$5,710,000, $2,996,000, and $7,841,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009,
2008, and 2007, respectively. The Company records royalty revenue in accordance
with agreed upon terms when performance obligations are satisfied, the amount is
fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Vishay earns
royalties at the point of sale of products which incorporate licensed
intellectual property. Accordingly, the amount of royalties recognized is
determined based on periodic reporting to Vishay by its licensees, and based on
judgments and estimates by Vishay management, which management considers
reasonable.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling
costs are included in costs of products sold.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and
development costs are expensed as incurred. The amount charged to expense for
research and development (exclusive of purchased in-process research and
development) aggregated $50,745,000, $63,161,000, and $60,970,000 for the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. The Company spends
additional amounts for the development of machinery and equipment for new
processes and for cost reduction measures.
Grants
Government grants
received by certain subsidiaries, primarily in Israel, are recognized as income
in accordance with the purpose of the specific contract and in the period in
which the related expense is incurred. Grants recognized as a reduction of costs
of products sold were $688,000, $1,386,000, and $4,837,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Deferred grant income was
$2,526,000 and $3,143,000 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The
grants are subject to certain conditions, including maintaining specified levels
of employment for periods up to ten years. Noncompliance with such conditions
could result in the repayment of grants. However, management expects that the
Company will comply with all terms and conditions of the grants.
F-11
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Income Taxes
The provision for
income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting
for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax
consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes represents
income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred
taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the
financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted
for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation
allowances have been established for deferred tax assets which the Company
believes do not meet GAAP criteria of “more likely than not.” This criterion
requires a level of judgment regarding future taxable income, which may be
revised due to changes in market conditions, tax laws, or other factors. If the
Company’s assumptions and estimates change in the future, valuation allowances
established may be increased, resulting in increased tax expense. Conversely, if
the Company is ultimately able to utilize all or a portion of the deferred tax
assets for which a valuation allowance has been established, then the related
portion of the valuation allowance can be released, resulting in decreased tax
expense.
The Company expected
that it would need to repatriate additional cash to repay the term loan
outstanding under its credit facility (see Note 6). Except for this expected
cash need, cash and profits generated by foreign subsidiaries are expected to be
reinvested outside of the United States indefinitely. Accordingly, no provision
has been made for U.S. federal and state income taxes on these foreign earnings.
Upon distribution of those earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, the
Company would be subject to U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for
foreign tax credits), state income taxes, incremental foreign income taxes, and
withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries.
At the present time,
the Company expects that the remaining cash and profits generated by foreign
subsidiaries will continue to be reinvested indefinitely.
F-12
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments
Cash and cash
equivalents includes demand deposits and highly liquid investments with
maturities of three months or less when purchased. Highly liquid investments
with maturities greater than three months are classified as short-term
investments. There were no investments classified as short-term investments at
December 31, 2009 or 2008.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company maintains
an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the
inability of its customers to make required payments. The allowance is
determined through an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable and
assessments of risk that are based on historical trends and an evaluation of the
impact of current and projected economic conditions. The Company evaluates the
past-due status of its trade receivables based on contractual terms of sale. If
the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate,
resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional
allowances may be required. Bad debt expense (income realized upon subsequent
collection) was $5,669,000, $534,000, and $(1,007,000) for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Inventories
Inventories are
stated at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or
market. Inventories are adjusted for estimated obsolescence and written down to
net realizable value based upon estimates of future demand, technology
developments, and market conditions.
Property and Equipment
Property and
equipment is carried at cost and is depreciated principally by the straight-line
method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets. Machinery and
equipment are being depreciated over useful lives of seven to ten years.
Buildings and building improvements are being depreciated over useful lives of
twenty to forty years. Construction in progress is not depreciated until the
assets are placed in service. The estimated cost to complete construction in
progress at December 31, 2009 was approximately $20,900,000. Depreciation of
capital lease assets is included in total depreciation expense. Depreciation
expense was $206,009,000, $199,847,000, and $196,564,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Gains and losses on the
disposal of assets which do not qualify for presentation as discontinued
operations are included in the determination of operating margin (within
selling, general, and administrative expenses). Individually material gains and
losses on disposal are separately disclosed in the notes to the consolidated
financial statements.
F-13
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and
indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but rather are tested for
impairment at least annually. These tests are performed more frequently whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired.
Certain of the Company’s tradenames have been assigned indefinite useful
lives.
Definite-lived
intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Patents and
acquired technology are being amortized over useful lives of seven to
twenty-five years. Capitalized software is being amortized over periods of three
to ten years, primarily included in costs of products sold on the consolidated
statements of operations. Customer relationships are being amortized over useful
lives of five to fifteen years. Noncompete agreements are being amortized over
periods of five to ten years. The Company continually evaluates the
reasonableness of the useful lives of these assets.
SFAS No. 142,
Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets (ASC Topic 350),
prescribes a two-step method for determining goodwill impairment. In the first
step, the Company determines the fair value of the reporting unit and compares
that fair value to the net book value of the reporting unit. The fair value of
the reporting unit is determined using various valuation techniques, including a
comparable companies market multiple approach and a discounted cash flow
analysis (an income approach).
If the net book value
of the reporting unit were to exceed the fair value, the Company would then
perform the second step of the impairment test, which requires allocation of the
reporting unit’s fair value to all of its assets and liabilities in a manner
similar to a purchase price allocation, with any residual fair value being
allocated to goodwill. An impairment charge will be recognized only when the
implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill is less than its carrying
amount.
As more fully
described in Note 3, in light of a sustained decline in market capitalization
that Vishay and its peer group companies experienced in 2008, and other factors,
Vishay determined that an impairment test was necessary as of the end of the
second, third, and fourth fiscal quarters of 2008, and recorded goodwill
impairment charges in each of those quarters.
The Company’s
required annual impairment test is completed as of the first day of the fourth
fiscal quarter of each year. The interim impairment test performed as of
September 27, 2008, the last day of the 2008 fiscal third quarter, was
effectively the Company’s annual impairment test for 2008. There was no
impairment identified through the annual impairment tests completed in 2009 or
2007.
The fair value of the
tradenames is measured as the discounted cash flow savings realized from owning
such tradenames and not having to pay a royalty for their use.
Also as more fully
described in Note 3, prior to completing the interim assessment of goodwill for
impairment during the second, third, and fourth quarters of 2008, the Company
performed interim impairment tests for certain indefinite-lived intangible
assets. As a result of those assessments, the Company recorded impairment
charges during the third quarter of 2008 related to certain tradenames.
The required annual
impairment test of tradenames is completed as of the first day of the fourth
fiscal quarter of each year. The interim impairment test performed as of
September 27, 2008, the last day of the 2008 fiscal third quarter, was
effectively the Company’s annual impairment test for 2008. There was no
impairment identified through the annual impairment tests completed in 2009 or
2007.
Upon determining that
an intangible asset classified as indefinite-lived is impaired, the Company
reassesses the useful life of the impaired assets and begins to amortize the
remaining carrying value over that useful life if it is determined that the
asset no longer has an indefinite useful life.
F-14
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates
impairment of its long-lived assets, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived
intangible assets, in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
(ASC Topic 350). The
carrying value of long-lived assets held-and-used, other than goodwill and
indefinite-lived intangible assets, is evaluated when events or changes in
circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable or the useful
life has changed. The carrying value of a long-lived asset group is considered
impaired when the total projected undiscounted cash flows from such asset group
are separately identifiable and are less than the carrying value. In that event,
a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the
fair market value of the long-lived asset group. Fair market value is determined
primarily using present value techniques based on projected cash flows from the
asset group. Losses on long-lived assets held-for-sale, other than goodwill and
indefinite-lived intangible assets, are determined in a similar manner, except
that fair market values are reduced for disposal costs.
Available-for-Sale Securities
Other assets include
investments in marketable securities which are classified as available-for-sale.
These assets are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension
and deferred compensation plans. See Note 11. These assets are reported at fair
value, based on quoted market prices as of the end of the reporting period.
Unrealized gains and losses are reported, net of their related tax consequences,
as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity
until sold. At the time of sale, any gains (losses) calculated by the specific
identification method are recognized as a reduction (increase) to benefits
expense, within selling, general, and administrative expenses.
Financial Instruments
The Company uses
financial instruments in the normal course of its business, including from time
to time, derivative financial instruments. At December 31, 2009 and 2008,
outstanding derivative instruments were not material.
The Company reports
derivative instruments on the consolidated balance sheet at their fair values.
The accounting for changes in fair value depends upon the purpose of the
derivative instrument and whether it is designated and qualifies for hedge
accounting. For instruments designated as hedges, the effective portion of gains
or losses is reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and the ineffective
portion, if any, is reported in current period net earnings (loss). Changes in
the fair values of derivative instruments that are not designated as hedges are
recorded in current period net earnings (loss).
The Company has in
the past used interest rate swap agreements to modify variable rate obligations
to fixed rate obligations, thereby reducing exposure to market rate
fluctuations. The Company has also in the past used financial instruments such
as forward exchange contracts to hedge a portion, but not all, of its firm
commitments denominated in foreign currencies. The purpose of the Company’s
foreign currency management is to minimize the effect of exchange rate changes
on actual cash flows from foreign currency denominated
transactions.
Other financial
instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and notes
payable. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments reported in the
consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values due to the short-term
nature of these assets and liabilities.
F-15
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Foreign Currency Translation
The Company has
significant operations outside of the United States. The Company finances its
operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies, and
accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the local currency as their functional
currency. The Company’s operations in Israel and most significant locations in
Asia are largely financed in U.S. dollars, and accordingly, these subsidiaries
utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency.
For those
subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional currency, assets and
liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets have been translated at the rate
of exchange as of the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated
at the average exchange rate for the year. Translation adjustments do not impact
the consolidated results of operations and are reported as a separate component
of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are
included in the results of operations.
For those foreign
subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, all foreign
currency financial statement amounts are remeasured into U.S. dollars. Exchange
gains and losses arising from remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated
monetary assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated results of
operations.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company applies
SFAS No. 123-R, Share-Based Payment (ASC Topic 718), to its
share-based payment transactions, which requires compensation costs related to
such transactions to be recognized in the consolidated financial statements
(with limited exceptions). The amount of compensation cost is measured based on
the grant-date fair value of the equity (or liability) instruments issued.
Compensation cost is recognized over the period that an officer, employee, or
non-employee director provides service in exchange for the award. For options
and restricted stock units subject to graded vesting, the Company recognizes
expense over the service period for each separately vesting portion of the award
as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards.
Vishay applies the
modified prospective transition method to account for employee stock options
granted prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123-R (ASC Topic 718) on January 1,
2006. Under the modified prospective transition method, the fair value of
previously granted but unvested equity awards is recognized as compensation
expense in the consolidated statement of operations from the date of adoption of
the guidance, and prior periods are not restated.
Commitments and Contingencies
Liabilities for loss
contingencies, including environmental remediation costs, arising from claims,
assessments, litigation, fines, penalties, and other sources are recorded when
it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the
assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. The costs for a
specific environmental remediation site are discounted if the aggregate amount
of the obligation and the amount and timing of the cash payments for that site
are fixed or reliably determinable based upon information derived from the
remediation plan for that site. Accrued liabilities for environmental matters
recorded at December 31, 2009 and 2008 do not include claims against third
parties.
F-16
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Self-Insurance Programs
The Company uses a
combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms to provide for the
potential liabilities for workers’ compensation, general liability, property
damage, director and officers’ liability, and vehicle liability.
As part of its
self-insurance program for certain risks, the Company created a wholly-owned
captive insurance entity in 2007. At December 31, 2009, the captive insurance
entity provides only property and general liability insurance, although it is
licensed to also provide casualty and directors and officers’ insurance. The
captive insurance entity had no amounts accrued for outstanding claims at
December 31, 2009 and 2008.
Certain cash and
investments held by the captive insurance entity are restricted primarily for
the purpose of potential insurance claims. Restricted cash of $6,700,000 is
included in other noncurrent assets at December 31, 2009 and 2008, representing
the initial capitalization of the captive insurance entity.
F-17
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Retrospective Adoption of New Accounting
Standards
Effective January 1,
2009, Vishay adopted two accounting standards that required retrospective
adjustment to previously issued financial statements. All prior period
comparable data presented in these consolidated financial statements reflect the
retrospective adoption of these standards.
In May 2008, the
Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) staff issued Staff Position
(“FSP”) APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments
That May be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (including partial cash settlement)
(ASC Topic
470-20). The guidance significantly impacts the
accounting for convertible bonds that may be settled in cash. The guidance
requires an issuer to separately account for the liability and equity components
of the instrument in a manner that reflects the issuer’s nonconvertible debt
borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. It also
requires bifurcation of a component of the debt, classification of that
component in equity, and then accretion of the resulting discount on the debt as
part of the interest expense being reflected in the statement of
operations.
The adoption of the
guidance requires retrospective application to all periods presented. Vishay
adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2009. Earlier adoption was
prohibited.
The guidance applies
only to those instruments that will be presented in the annual financial
statements for the period of adoption, in other words, during the period January
1, 2007 to December 31, 2009. The cumulative effect of adoption has been
recorded in retained earnings as of January 1, 2007.
The guidance is
applicable to the Company’s Convertible Subordinated Notes, due 2023. These
notes were substantially all repurchased on August 1, 2008.
The retrospective
application of FSP APB 14-1 (ASC Topic 470-20) increased the reported loss from
continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 by $0.8 million
($0.00 per share) and decreased the reported income from continuing operations
attributable to Vishay stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2007 by
$23.3 million ($0.11 per share), respectively.
In December 2007, the
FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements
(ASC Topic 810). The
guidance amends GAAP to establish accounting and reporting guidance for the
noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a
subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary, which
is sometimes referred to as minority interest, is an ownership interest in the
consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated
financial statements. Among other requirements, this statement requires
consolidated net income to be reported at amounts that include the amounts
attributable to both the parent and the noncontrolling interest. It also
requires disclosure, on the face of the consolidated income statement, of the
amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the
noncontrolling interest.
The adoption of the
guidance requires retrospective application to all periods presented. Vishay
adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2009. Earlier adoption was
prohibited.
Concurrent with the
adoption of SFAS No. 160 (ASC Topic 810), the Company reclassified certain
distributions to the holders of noncontrolling interests on its consolidated
statements of cash flows.
F-18
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
Other Recently Adopted Accounting
Pronouncements
In June 2009, the
FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-01, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (ASC Topic 105), which establishes the FASB
Accounting Standards Codification (“the Codification” or “ASC”) as the official
single source of authoritative GAAP. All existing accounting standards were
superseded. All other accounting guidance not included in the Codification is
considered non-authoritative. The Codification also includes all relevant
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) guidance organized using the same
topical structure in separate sections within the Codification.
Following the
Codification, the Board does not issue new standards in the form of Statements,
FASB Staff Positions or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts. Instead, it issues
Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) which serve to update the Codification,
provide background information about the guidance and provide the basis for
conclusions on the changes to the Codification.
The Codification is
not intended to change GAAP, but it changes the way GAAP is organized and
presented. The Codification was effective beginning with the Company’s third
fiscal quarter 2009 financial statements and the principal impact on the
financial statements was limited to disclosures as all references to
authoritative accounting literature are now referenced in accordance with the
Codification. In order to ease the transition to the Codification, the Company
is providing the Codification cross-reference alongside the references to the
standards issued and adopted prior to the adoption of the
Codification.
In September 2006,
the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (ASC Topic 820). This statement defines fair value, provides guidance
for measuring fair value, and requires additional disclosures. This statement
does not require any new fair value measurements, but rather applies to all
other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements.
The guidance was to be effective for Vishay as of January 1, 2008. In February
2008, the FASB issued FSP SFAS 157-2 (ASC Topic 820-10-65), which provides a
one-year delayed application of SFAS No. 157 (ASC Topic 820) for nonfinancial
assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at
fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. Accordingly, Vishay
only partially applied SFAS No. 157 (ASC Topic 820) as of January 1, 2008. The
partial application of this guidance did not have a material effect on the
Company’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity, and the
adoption, on January 1, 2009, of the remaining aspects which were deferred by
FSP SFAS 157-2 (ASC Topic 820-10-65) did not have a material effect on the
Company’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
In February 2007, the
FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
(ASC Topic 825). The
guidance permits entities to choose to measure many financial assets and
financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for
which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. The
adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s
financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
In December 2007, the
FASB issued SFAS No. 141-R, Business Combinations (ASC Topic 805). While retaining the fundamental requirements of the
previous GAAP, this new guidance makes various modifications to the accounting
for contingent consideration, preacquisition contingencies, purchased in-process
research and development, acquisition-related transaction costs,
acquisition-related restructuring costs, and changes in tax valuation allowances
and tax uncertainty accruals. Vishay adopted this standard effective January 1,
2009. Earlier adoption was prohibited. The adoption of this standard did not
have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of
operations, or liquidity.
F-19
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
In March 2008, the
FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
(ASC Topic
815). This guidance requires enhanced disclosures
about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities, and therefore improves the
transparency of financial reporting. Vishay adopted this standard effective
January 1, 2009. The adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on
the Company’s financial statements.
In April 2008, the
FASB staff issued FSP SFAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (ASC Topic 350-30-65). This guidance is
intended to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized
intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 (ASC Topic 350), and the period of expected
cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141-R (ASC
Topic 805) when the underlying arrangement includes renewal or extension of
terms that would require substantial costs or require a material modification to
the asset upon renewal or extension. Companies estimating the useful life of a
recognized intangible asset must now consider their historical experience in
renewing or extending similar arrangements or, in the absence of historical
experience, must consider assumptions that market participants would use about
renewal or extension as adjusted by SFAS No. 142’s (ASC Topic 350)
entity-specific factors. Vishay adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2009.
The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s
financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
In December 2008, the
FASB staff issued FSP SFAS 132(R)-1, Employers’ disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets
(ASC Topic
715-20-65-2). This guidance requires enhanced disclosures
about plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan.
Vishay adopted this guidance for its December 31, 2009 annual report. The
adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s
financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
In April 2009, the
FASB issued FSP SFAS No. 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the
Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions
That Are Not Orderly (ASC
Topic 820-10-65). This guidance clarifies the methodology to be
used to determine fair value when there is no active market or where the price
inputs being used represent distressed sales. This guidance also reaffirms the
objective of fair value measurement, as stated in SFAS No. 157 (ASC Topic 820),
which is to reflect how much an asset would be sold for in an orderly
transaction. It also reaffirms the need to use judgment to determine if a
formerly active market has become inactive, as well as to determine fair values
when markets have become inactive. The adoption of this guidance did not have a
material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or
liquidity.
Reclassifications
In addition to the
changes due to the retrospective adoption of new accounting guidance described
above, certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the
current financial statement presentation.
F-20
Note 2 - Acquisition and Divestiture
Activities
As part of its growth
strategy, the Company seeks to expand through targeted and synergistic
acquisitions of other manufacturers of electronic components that have
established positions in major markets, reputations for product quality and
reliability, and product lines with which the Company has substantial marketing
and technical expertise.
Year ended December 31, 2009
Intended Spin-off of Vishay Precision Group,
Inc.
On October 27, 2009,
Vishay announced that it intends to spin-off its measurements and foil resistors
businesses into an independent, publicly-traded company to be named Vishay
Precision Group, Inc. The spin-off is expected to take the form of a tax-free
stock dividend to Vishay’s stockholders and it is anticipated that holders of
Vishay common stock will receive common stock of Vishay Precision Group and
holders of Vishay Class B common stock will receive Class B common stock of
Vishay Precision Group. Vishay has not yet finalized details of the
spin-off.
The product lines
which will comprise Vishay Precision Group are included in the Passive
Components segment. Revenues for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and
2007 were approximately $172 million, $242 million, and $239 million,
respectively. The spin-off will enable the management teams of both companies to
better focus on the unique issues facing their respective businesses and permit
each company to pursue its own business plan, resource allocation and growth
strategies, as well as attract the best personnel through compensation that is
more closely tied to the performance of each company. If the spin-off is
completed, Vishay is expected to be a more competitive, pure-play discrete
electronic components company.
Vishay’s Board and
management team, in consultation with independent financial and legal advisors,
are working on the requirements to finalize and execute the spin-off and expect
the spin-off to occur in the second quarter of 2010. The spin-off will be
subject to a number of conditions, including, among other things: final approval
of Vishay’s Board of Directors, favorable market conditions, receipt of U.S. and
Israeli tax rulings or opinions, compliance with applicable rules and
regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and other
customary conditions.
F-21
Note 2 - Acquisition and Divestiture Activities
(continued)
Year ended December 31, 2008
Sale of Automotive Modules and Subsystems
Business
On April 7, 2008,
Vishay sold the automotive modules and subsystems business unit (“ASBU”) to a
private equity firm. ASBU was originally acquired by Vishay as part of the April
1, 2007 acquisition of International Rectifier’s Power Control Systems business.
Vishay determined that ASBU would not satisfactorily complement Vishay’s
operations.
During Vishay’s
period of ownership of ASBU, the assets and liabilities of ASBU were separately
reported in the consolidated balance sheet as “assets held for sale” and
“liabilities related to assets held for sale.” Long-lived assets held for sale
were not depreciated or amortized. The Company allocated no goodwill to ASBU in
the purchase accounting for the PCS business.
Financial results of
discontinued operations for the periods of ownership in the years ended December
31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Year ended December
31, |
|
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Net revenues |
|
$ |
10,995 |
|
|
$ |
41,760 |
|
|
Loss before income taxes |
|
$ |
(43,345 |
) |
|
$ |
(9,097 |
) |
Tax expense |
|
|
4,481 |
|
|
|
490 |
|
Loss from discontinued operations, net
of tax |
|
$ |
(47,826 |
) |
|
$ |
(9,587 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The loss before
income taxes includes an impairment charge of $32.3 million, recorded in the
first quarter of 2008, to reduce the carrying value of the net assets held for
sale to the proceeds received on April 7, 2008. The selling price for ASBU was
subject to a net working capital adjustment.
The Company retained
responsibility for the collection of certain customer accounts receivable on
behalf of the buyer. These amounts were remitted to the buyer upon collection.
The Company also retained responsibility for certain severance costs and lease
termination costs associated with ASBU.
The Company recorded
an additional after tax loss of $5.7 million during the fourth quarter of 2008
subsequent to the resolution of a net working capital adjustment and the
resolution of certain disputes with the buyer. A portion of this amount was paid
during the year ended December 31, 2009 and is reflected on the accompanying
consolidated statement of cash flows as cash flow from discontinued
operations.
Acquisition of Partner’s Interest in India
Joint Venture
On June 30, 2008, in
the Company’s third fiscal quarter of 2008, the Company acquired its partner’s
interest in a joint venture in India for approximately $9.6 million in cash.
Vishay previously owned 49% of this entity, which is engaged in the manufacture
and distribution of transducers. The entity has been renamed Vishay Transducers
India, Ltd.
As a non-controlled
investment, Vishay Transducers India, Ltd. had been accounted for using the
equity basis. Effective June 30, 2008, Vishay began reporting this entity as a
consolidated subsidiary, included in the Passive Components
segment.
The cost to acquire
the partner’s 51% interest has been allocated on a pro rata basis to assets
acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values, with the excess
being allocated to goodwill. As a result of this transaction, the Company
recorded goodwill of $5.2 million related to this acquisition, which was
subsequently written off as part of the goodwill impairment charges recorded in
2008 (see Note 3).
F-22
Note 2 – Acquisition and Divestiture
Activities (continued)
Acquisition of Powertron
GmbH
On July 23, 2008, the
Company acquired Powertron GmbH, a manufacturer of specialty precision
resistors, for approximately $14.3 million, including the repayment of certain
debt of Powertron. For financial reporting purposes, the results of operations
for Powertron have been included in the Passive Components segment from July 23,
2008. After allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities
assumed based on an evaluation of their fair values, the Company recorded
goodwill of $9.9 million related to this acquisition, which was subsequently
written off as part of the goodwill impairment charges recorded in 2008 (see
Note 3).
Acquisition of Wet Tantalum
Business
On September 15,
2008, Vishay acquired the wet tantalum capacitor business of KEMET Corporation
for $35.2 million and other consideration in the form of a three-year term loan
of $15 million. For financial reporting purposes, the results of operations for
the wet tantalum business have been included in the Passive Components segment
from September 15, 2008. After allocating the purchase price to the assets
acquired and liabilities assumed based on an evaluation of their fair values,
the Company recorded goodwill of $19.4 million related to this acquisition,
which was subsequently written off as part of the goodwill impairment charges
recorded in 2008 (see Note 3).
Terms of the secured
loan of $15 million to KEMET from Vishay include a three-year non-amortizing
maturity, an interest rate of LIBOR plus four percent, and security consisting
of accounts receivable. The loan receivable balance is recorded in other
noncurrent assets.
International Rectifier Corporation Tender
Offer
On August 15, 2008,
Vishay announced that it made a non-binding proposal to the International
Rectifier Corporation Board of Directors to acquire all the outstanding shares
of International Rectifier common stock for $21.22 per share in
cash.
On September 10,
2008, Vishay announced that it had increased the price of its all-cash proposal
to acquire all of the outstanding shares of International Rectifier common stock
to $23.00 per share and that Vishay intended to nominate three independent
directors for election to the International Rectifier Board at International
Rectifier’s delayed 2007 annual shareholders meeting. In addition, Vishay filed
a complaint in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware naming as
defendants International Rectifier and its eight directors.
On October 10, 2008,
International Rectifier held its delayed 2007 annual meeting of stockholders. At
that meeting, a plurality of shares voted favored International Rectifier’s
slate of three directors to Vishay’s nominees. On October 13, 2008, Vishay
announced that it had terminated its offer to acquire all shares of
International Rectifier and dismissed its complaint against International
Rectifier and its eight directors.
Vishay incurred $4
million of costs associated with the International Rectifier tender offer, which
are presented as a separate line item in the accompanying consolidated statement
of operations.
F-23
Note 2 – Acquisition and Divestiture
Activities (continued)
Year ended December 31, 2007
Acquisition of Power Control Systems
Business
On April 1, 2007,
Vishay completed its acquisition of the PCS business of International Rectifier
Corporation for approximately $285.6 million, net of cash acquired. The final
purchase price was pending the resolution of a net working capital adjustment as
of the date of acquisition. Vishay also had notified International Rectifier of
certain other claims that it had regarding the sale of the PCS business to
Vishay.
On June 25, 2009,
Vishay and International Rectifier Corporation entered into a settlement
agreement with respect to the acquisition.
Under the settlement,
International Rectifier refunded $30.0 million of the purchase price associated
with the acquisition, and Vishay released International Rectifier from claims
relating to certain outstanding disputes regarding the acquisition.
In addition, Vishay
and International Rectifier clarified and revised the covenant-not-to-compete
associated with the acquisition to permit International Rectifier to, under
certain conditions, develop, design, manufacture and sell certain additional
products that incorporate technologies sold or licensed to Vishay in the
acquisition. As part of the settlement, Vishay will continue as a supplier of
certain products to International Rectifier and will receive a license to
certain additional technology developed in the future by International
Rectifier.
For financial
reporting purposes, the results of operations for the PCS business have been
included in the Semiconductors segment from April 1, 2007, excluding the
automotive modules and subsystems business unit, which is reported as
discontinued operations. After allocating the purchase price to the assets
acquired and liabilities assumed based on an evaluation of their fair values,
the Company recorded goodwill of $185.3 million related to this acquisition,
which was subsequently written off as part of the goodwill impairment charges
recorded in 2008 (see Note 3). Vishay recorded a gain of $28.2 million during
the second quarter of 2009, equal to the amount received pursuant to the
settlement agreement less certain related expenses.
Acquisition of PM Group PLC and Sale of its
Electrical Contracting Business
On April 19, 2007,
Vishay declared its cash tender offer for all shares of PM Group PLC wholly
unconditional, and assumed ownership of PM Group. PM Group is an advanced
designer and manufacturer of systems used in the weighing and process control
industries located in the United Kingdom. The aggregate cash paid for all shares
of PM Group was approximately $45.7 million. The transaction was funded using
cash on-hand.
Concurrent with the
completion of the transaction, Vishay sold PM Group’s electrical contracting
business for approximately $16.1 million. No gain or loss was recognized on the
sale of the electrical contracting business.
The results of
operations of PM Group are included in the results of the Passive Components
segment from April 19, 2007. After allocating the purchase price to the assets
acquired and the liabilities assumed based on an evaluation of their fair
values, the Company recorded goodwill of $18.6 million related to this
acquisition, which was subsequently written off as part of the goodwill
impairment charges recorded in 2008 (see Note 3).
F-24
Note 3 – Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets
Goodwill represents
the excess of the cost of a business acquired over the fair value of the net
assets acquired at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized but rather
tested for impairment at least annually. The Company performed its annual
impairment test as of the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter. These
impairment tests must be performed more frequently whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.
SFAS No. 142,
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
(ASC Topic 350),
prescribes a two-step method for determining goodwill impairment. In the first
step, the Company determines the fair value of the reporting unit and compares
that fair value to the net book value of the reporting unit. The fair value of
the reporting unit is determined using various valuation techniques, including a
comparable companies market multiple approach and a discounted cash flow
analysis (an income approach).
To measure the amount
of the impairment, the Company determines the implied fair value of goodwill in
the same manner as if the Company had acquired those business units.
Specifically, the Company must allocate the fair value of the reporting unit to
all of the assets of that unit, including any unrecognized intangible assets, in
a hypothetical calculation that would yield the implied fair value of goodwill.
The impairment loss is measured as the difference between the book value of the
goodwill and the implied fair value of the goodwill computed in step
two.
In light of a
sustained decline in market capitalization that Vishay and its peer group
companies experienced in 2008, and other factors, the Company determined that an
interim impairment test was necessary as of the end of the second, third, and
fourth fiscal quarters of 2008.
The Passive
Components segment goodwill is allocated to two reporting units for impairment
evaluation purposes, namely Other Passives and Measurements Group. The
Semiconductors segment represents a single reporting unit for impairment
evaluation purposes.
After completing step
one of the impairment test as of June 28, 2008 (the end of the second fiscal
quarter), the Company determined that the estimated fair value of its
Semiconductors and Other Passives reporting units was less than the net book
value of those reporting units, requiring the completion of the second step of
the impairment evaluation. Upon completion of a preliminary step two analysis,
the Company recorded its best estimate of the impairment loss as of June 28,
2008, as permitted by GAAP when an impairment indicator arises toward the end of
an interim reporting period. This estimate was refined during the third quarter
of 2008. The estimated fair value of the Measurements Group reporting unit was
greater than the net book value of that unit, and accordingly, no second step
was required for the Measurement Group reporting unit as of June 28,
2008.
Given the further
deterioration of market conditions in the third quarter of 2008, an additional
impairment test was performed as of September 27, 2008 (the end of the third
fiscal quarter of 2008). After completing step one of the impairment test as of
September 27, 2008, the Company determined that the estimated fair value of its
Other Passives reporting unit was less than the net book value of this reporting
unit. This required the completion of the second step of the impairment
evaluation. Upon completion of the step two analysis, the Company recorded an
additional impairment charge for its Other Passives reporting unit. Subsequent
to recording this impairment charge, the Other Passives reporting unit had no
remaining goodwill recorded on the consolidated balance sheet. The estimated
fair value of the Semiconductors and Measurements Group reporting units was
greater than the net book value of the respective reporting units as of
September 27, 2008, and accordingly, no second step was required for the
Semiconductors and Measurement Group reporting units at September 27,
2008.
Given the further
deterioration of market conditions in the fourth quarter, an additional
impairment test was performed as of December 31, 2008 (the end of the fourth
fiscal quarter of 2008). After completing step one of the impairment test as of
December 31, 2008, the Company determined that the estimated fair value of its
Semiconductors and Measurements Group reporting units were less than the net
book value of those reporting units. This required the completion of the second
step of the impairment evaluation. Upon completion of the step two analysis, the
Company recorded additional impairment charges for both its Semiconductors and
Measurements Group reporting units. Subsequent to recording these impairment
charges, there was no remaining goodwill recorded on the consolidated balance
sheet.
F-25
Note 3 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
(continued)
The determination of
the fair value of the reporting units and the allocation of that value to
individual assets and liabilities within those reporting units requires the
Company to make significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and
assumptions primarily include, but are not limited to: the selection of
appropriate peer group companies; control premiums appropriate for acquisitions
in the industries in which the Company competes; the discount rate; terminal
growth rates; and forecasts of revenue, operating income, depreciation and
amortization, and capital expenditures. The allocation requires several analyses
to determine fair value of assets and liabilities including, among others,
completed technology, tradenames, in-process research and development, customer
relationships, and certain property and equipment (valued at replacement
costs).
Due to the inherent
uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual financial results could
differ from those estimates. Changes in assumptions concerning future financial
results or other underlying assumptions could have a significant impact on
either the fair value of the reporting unit or the amount of the goodwill
impairment charge.
The goodwill
impairment charge was noncash in nature and did not affect Vishay’s liquidity,
cash flows from operating activities, or debt covenants, and will not have a
material impact on future operations.
The changes in the
carrying amounts of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2008
and 2007 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Passive |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Semiconductors |
|
Components |
|
Total |
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
|
$ |
870,588 |
|
|
$ |
593,404 |
|
|
$ |
1,463,992 |
|
Goodwill acquired during the year |
|
|
198,472 |
|
|
|
18,600 |
|
|
|
217,072 |
|
Purchase price allocation
adjustments |
|
|
(23,567 |
) |
|
|
(4,153 |
) |
|
|
(27,720 |
) |
Currency translation adjustments |
|
|
12,417 |
|
|
|
10,736 |
|
|
|
23,153 |
|
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
1,057,910 |
|
|
|
618,587 |
|
|
|
1,676,497 |
|
Goodwill acquired during the year |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
34,530 |
|
|
|
34,530 |
|
Purchase price allocation
adjustments |
|
|
(14,875 |
) |
|
|
(911 |
) |
|
|
(15,786 |
) |
Impairment charges |
|
|
(1,043,952 |
) |
|
|
(652,222 |
) |
|
|
(1,696,174 |
) |
Currency translation
adjustments |
|
|
917 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
933 |
|
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As described above,
Passive Components segment goodwill is allocated to the Other Passives and
Measurements Group reporting units for impairment evaluation
purposes.
Purchase price
allocation adjustments recorded in 2008 are attributable to revisions of the
purchase accounting for the 2007 acquisition of the PCS business and to
reversals of deferred tax related items and accruals for certain tax
contingencies established in purchase accounting. Purchase price allocation
adjustments recorded in 2007 are attributable to the finalization of the
purchase accounting for 2006 acquisitions and to reversals of deferred tax
related items and accruals for certain tax contingencies established in purchase
accounting.
Prior to completing
the interim assessment of goodwill for impairment during the second, third, and
fourth fiscal quarters of 2008, the Company performed a recoverability test of
certain long-lived assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
(ASC Topic
360), and certain indefinite-lived intangible
assets in accordance with SFAS No. 142 (ASC Topic 350). As a result of those
assessments, the Company recorded impairment charges totaling $27 million during
the third fiscal quarter of 2008 related to indefinite-lived intangible assets
(certain tradenames), allocated $15 million to the Semiconductors segment and
$12 million to the Passive Components segment. The fair value of the tradenames
was measured as the discounted cash flow savings realized from owning such
tradenames and not having to pay a royalty for their use.
F-26
Note 3 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
(continued)
The remaining
balances of the tradenames acquired in the General Semiconductor and
BCcomponents transactions, aggregating approximately $35.4 million as of the
date of recording the impairment charge, were reclassified to definite-lived
intangible assets concurrent with the recording of the impairment charge. The
Company then began amortizing the remaining balances of these tradenames over a
ten-year life. The Company expects to continue to use such tradenames. However,
the identified impairment and expected future cash flows associated with the
tradenames reflect the existence of competitive, economic, and other factors
that will limit the useful life of these tradenames.
The indefinite-lived
intangible assets impairment charge was noncash in nature and did not affect
Vishay’s liquidity, cash flows from operating activities, or debt covenants, and
will not have a material impact on future operations.
Other intangible
assets were as follows (in thousands):
|
December 31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Intangible Assets Subject to
Amortization |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Definite-lived): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patents and acquired technology |
$ |
119,042 |
|
|
$ |
118,338 |
|
Capitalized software |
|
56,342 |
|
|
|
53,580 |
|
Customer relationships |
|
59,383 |
|
|
|
58,219 |
|
Tradenames |
|
39,612 |
|
|
|
39,238 |
|
Non-competition agreements |
|
14,904 |
|
|
|
14,707 |
|
Other |
|
- |
|
|
|
2,330 |
|
|
|
289,283 |
|
|
|
286,412 |
|
Accumulated amortization: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patents and acquired technology |
|
(78,225 |
) |
|
|
(66,816 |
) |
Capitalized software |
|
(46,951 |
) |
|
|
(41,877 |
) |
Customer relationships |
|
(18,472 |
) |
|
|
(12,104 |
) |
Tradenames |
|
(7,844 |
) |
|
|
(3,207 |
) |
Non-competition agreements |
|
(4,527 |
) |
|
|
(2,736 |
) |
Other |
|
- |
|
|
|
(2,249 |
) |
|
|
(156,019 |
) |
|
|
(128,989 |
) |
Net
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization |
|
133,264 |
|
|
|
157,423 |
|
Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Indefinite-lived): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tradenames |
|
20,359 |
|
|
|
20,359 |
|
|
$ |
153,623 |
|
|
$ |
177,782 |
|
|
Other definite lived
intangible assets were comprised of acquired backlog and certain transition
services and supply agreements associated with acquisitions. Amortization
expense (excluding capitalized software) was $22,731,000, $20,798,000, and
$16,566,000, for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007,
respectively.
Estimated annual
amortization expense for each of the next five years is as follows (in thousands):
2010 |
$ |
22,391 |
2011 |
|
18,164 |
2012 |
|
14,936 |
2013 |
|
14,248 |
2014 |
|
13,807 |
F-27
Note 4 – Restructuring and Severance Costs and
Related Asset Write-Downs
Restructuring and
severance costs reflect the cost reduction programs currently being implemented
by the Company. These include the closing of facilities and the termination of
employees. Restructuring and severance costs include one-time exit costs,
severance benefits pursuant to an on-going benefit arrangement, and related
pension curtailment and settlement charges. Severance costs
also include executive severance and charges for the fair value of stock options
of certain former employees which were modified such that they did not expire at
termination. Restructuring costs are expensed during the period in which the
Company determines it will incur those costs and all requirements of accrual are
met. Because these costs are recorded based upon estimates, actual expenditures
for the restructuring activities may differ from the initially recorded costs.
If the initial estimates are too low or too high, the Company could be required
either to record additional expenses in future periods or to reverse part of the
previously recorded charges. Asset write-downs are principally related to
buildings and equipment that will not be used subsequent to the completion of
restructuring plans presently being implemented, and cannot be sold for amounts
in excess of carrying value.
Year ended December 31, 2009
The Company recorded
restructuring and severance costs of $37,874,000 for the year ended December 31,
2009. Employee termination costs were $33,142,000, covering technical,
production, administrative, and support employees in nearly every country in
which the Company operates. Severance costs include net pension settlement
charges and credits for employees in the Republic of China (Taiwan) and the
Philippines. The Company also incurred $4,732,000 of other exit costs,
principally lease termination costs related to facility closures and $681,000 of
asset write-downs during the year ended December 31, 2009. The restructuring and
severance costs were incurred primarily in response to the declining business
conditions experienced in the second half of 2008 and recessionary trends which
continued into 2009.
The following table
summarizes activity to date related to restructuring programs initiated in
2009 (in thousands, except for number of
employees):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employees |
|
Severance |
|
Other |
|
|
|
|
|
to be |
|
Costs |
|
Exit Costs |
|
Total |
|
Terminated |
Restructuring and severance
costs |
$ |
33,142 |
|
|
$ |
4,732 |
|
|
$ |
37,874 |
|
|
2,571 |
|
Utilized |
|
(21,293 |
) |
|
|
(2,989 |
) |
|
|
(24,282 |
) |
|
(2,321 |
) |
Foreign currency translation |
|
802 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
817 |
|
|
- |
|
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
$ |
12,651 |
|
|
$ |
1,758 |
|
|
$ |
14,409 |
|
|
250 |
|
|
Most of the accrued
restructuring liability, currently shown in other accrued expenses, is expected
to be paid by December 31, 2010. The payment terms related to these
restructuring programs varies, usually based on local customs and laws. Most
severance amounts are paid in a lump sum at termination, while some payments are
structured to be paid in installments.
F-28
Note 4 – Restructuring and Severance Costs and
Related Asset Write-Downs (continued)
Year ended December 31, 2008
The Company recorded
restructuring and severance costs of $62,537,000 for the year ended December 31,
2008. Employee termination costs were $58,601,000, covering technical,
production, administrative, and support employees located in nearly every
country in which the Company operates. Through the first nine months of 2008,
these restructuring activities were part of the Company’s on-going cost
reduction initiatives. The significant increase in restructuring activities
during the fourth quarter of 2008 was substantially attributable to the
declining business conditions experienced in the second half of 2008. Severance
costs for the year ended December 31, 2008 also include executive severance (see
Note 13) and a pension settlement charge of $2,894,000 related to employees in
the Republic of China (Taiwan) (see Note 11). The Company also incurred
$3,936,000 of other exit costs, principally related to the closures of
facilities in Brazil and Germany. The restructuring and severance costs were
incurred as part of the continuing cost reduction programs currently being
implemented by the Company.
As a result of the
decision to close its facility in Brazil, the Company completed a long-lived
asset impairment analysis during the first fiscal quarter of 2008 and determined
that various fixed assets and intangible assets were impaired. The Company
recorded fixed asset write-downs of $3,419,000 and intangible asset write-downs
of $776,000. During the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company also recorded asset
write-downs of $878,000 to reduce the carrying value of buildings. The buildings
had been vacated as part of restructuring activities. These buildings are
held-for-sale and classified as “other assets” at December 31, 2008.
Also during the year
ended December 31, 2008, the Company sold land and buildings that had been
vacated as part of its restructuring programs and recognized a gain of
$4,510,000, which is recorded within selling, general, and administrative
expenses.
The following table
summarizes activity to date related to restructuring programs initiated in
2008 (in thousands, except for number of
employees):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employees |
|
Severance |
|
Other |
|
|
|
|
|
to be |
|
Costs |
|
Exit Costs |
|
Total |
|
Terminated |
Restructuring and severance
costs |
$ |
58,601 |
|
|
$ |
3,936 |
|
|
$ |
62,537 |
|
|
3,245 |
|
Utilized |
|
(32,774 |
) |
|
|
(2,826 |
) |
|
|
(35,600 |
) |
|
(1,707 |
) |
Foreign currency translation |
|
(1,055 |
) |
|
|
(478 |
) |
|
|
(1,533 |
) |
|
- |
|
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
$ |
24,772 |
|
|
$ |
632 |
|
|
$ |
25,404 |
|
|
1,538 |
|
Utilized |
|
(21,859 |
) |
|
|
(344 |
) |
|
|
(22,203 |
) |
|
(1,098 |
) |
Foreign currency translation |
|
(413 |
) |
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
(372 |
) |
|
- |
|
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
$ |
2,500 |
|
|
$ |
329 |
|
|
$ |
2,829 |
|
|
440 |
|
|
Most of the accrued
restructuring liability, currently shown in other accrued expenses, is expected
to be paid by December 31, 2010. The payment terms related to these
restructuring programs vary, usually based on local customs and laws. Most
severance amounts are paid in a lump sum at termination, while some payments are
structured to be paid in installments.
F-29
Note 4 – Restructuring and Severance Costs and
Related Asset Write-Downs (continued)
Year ended December 31, 2007
The Company recorded
restructuring and severance costs of $18,004,000 during the year ended December
31, 2007. Employee termination costs were $15,432,000, covering technical,
production, administrative and support employees located in Belgium, China,
France, Germany, Hungary, and the United States. The Company also incurred
$2,572,000 of other exit costs, principally related to the consolidation of
warehouse facilities in the United States. The restructuring and severance costs
were incurred as part of the continuing cost reduction programs currently being
implemented by the Company. The Company also recorded asset write-downs of
$3,869,000 to reduce the carrying value of buildings. The buildings had been
vacated as part of restructuring activities. Certain of these buildings are
held-for-sale and classified as “other assets” at December 31, 2007. Others are
being leased to third-parties and were reduced to their fair value based on the
present value of future lease receipts.
Also during the year
ended December 31, 2007, the Company sold a building that had been vacated as
part of its restructuring programs and recognized a gain of $3,118,000, which is
recorded within selling, general, and administrative expenses.
Substantially all
amounts related to programs initiated in 2007 have been paid as of December 31,
2009.
F-30
Note 5 – Income
Taxes
Income (loss) from
continuing operations before taxes consists of the following
components (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Domestic |
$ |
(54,041 |
) |
|
$ |
(977,380 |
) |
|
$ |
(36,428 |
) |
Foreign |
|
14,326 |
|
|
|
(695,108 |
) |
|
|
218,768 |
|
|
$ |
(39,715 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,672,488 |
) |
|
$ |
182,340 |
|
|
Significant components of income taxes
are as follows (in thousands): |
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Current: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal |
$ |
817 |
|
|
$ |
700 |
|
|
$ |
704 |
|
State and local |
|
505 |
|
|
|
721 |
|
|
|
1,100 |
|
Foreign |
|
28,435 |
|
|
|
22,537 |
|
|
|
45,127 |
|
|
|
29,757 |
|
|
|
23,958 |
|
|
|
46,931 |
|
Deferred: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal |
|
(6,332 |
) |
|
|
(7,336 |
) |
|
|
4,301 |
|
State and local |
|
286 |
|
|
|
2,180 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
Foreign |
|
(6,911 |
) |
|
|
(7,615 |
) |
|
|
12,844 |
|
|
|
(12,957 |
) |
|
|
(12,771 |
) |
|
|
17,202 |
|
Total income tax expense |
$ |
16,800 |
|
|
$ |
11,187 |
|
|
$ |
64,133 |
|
|
F-31
Note 5 – Income Taxes
(continued)
Deferred income taxes
reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying
amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the
amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s
deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
|
December 31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension and other retiree
obligations |
$ |
47,273 |
|
|
$ |
56,481 |
|
Inventories |
|
14,285 |
|
|
|
16,397 |
|
Net operating loss
carryforwards |
|
238,153 |
|
|
|
224,778 |
|
Tax
credit carryforwards |
|
23,211 |
|
|
|
22,548 |
|
Other accruals and
reserves |
|
47,861 |
|
|
|
60,610 |
|
Total gross deferred tax assets |
|
370,783 |
|
|
|
380,814 |
|
Less valuation allowance |
|
(246,669 |
) |
|
|
(232,261 |
) |
|
|
124,114 |
|
|
|
148,553 |
|
Deferred tax liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax
over book depreciation |
|
20,486 |
|
|
|
31,585 |
|
Intangible assets other than goodwill |
|
10,676 |
|
|
|
15,014 |
|
Earnings not permanently
reinvested |
|
39,375 |
|
|
|
59,344 |
|
Other - net |
|
8,014 |
|
|
|
10,168 |
|
Total gross deferred tax
liabilities |
|
78,551 |
|
|
|
116,111 |
|
|
Net deferred tax
assets |
$ |
45,563 |
|
|
$ |
32,442 |
|
|
The Company makes
significant judgments regarding the realizability of its deferred tax assets
(principally net operating losses). In accordance with SFAS No. 109,
Accounting for Income Taxes
(ASC Topic 740), the
carrying value of the net deferred tax asset is based on the Company’s
assessment that it is more likely than not that the Company will realize these
assets after consideration of all available positive and negative evidence.
A reconciliation of
income tax expense at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to actual
income tax provision is as follows (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Tax at statutory rate |
$ |
(13,900 |
) |
|
$ |
(585,371 |
) |
|
$ |
63,819 |
|
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit |
|
513 |
|
|
|
1,886 |
|
|
|
748 |
|
Effect of foreign operations |
|
16,259 |
|
|
|
(7,509 |
) |
|
|
(22,148 |
) |
FIN 48 accruals |
|
1,395 |
|
|
|
487 |
|
|
|
4,674 |
|
Increase valuation allowance on U.S.
deferred tax asset |
|
- |
|
|
|
25,434 |
|
|
|
18,457 |
|
Goodwill impairment |
|
- |
|
|
|
549,237 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Reduction in U.S. valuation allowance
due to repatriation |
|
- |
|
|
|
(49,313 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Tax on repatriated earnings |
|
- |
|
|
|
40,696 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Tax on earnings not permanently
reinvested |
|
- |
|
|
|
39,375 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Settlement agreement gain |
|
(9,868 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Non-deductible expenses related to
intended spin-off |
|
1,265 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Executive employment agreement charge |
|
20,238 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Other |
|
898 |
|
|
|
(3,735 |
) |
|
|
(1,417 |
) |
Total income tax expense |
$ |
16,800 |
|
|
$ |
11,187 |
|
|
$ |
64,133 |
|
|
F-32
Note 5 – Income Taxes
(continued)
At December 31, 2009,
the Company had the following significant net operating loss carryforwards for
tax purposes (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
Expires |
Austria |
$ |
15,403 |
|
No expiration |
Belgium |
|
217,878 |
|
No
expiration |
Brazil |
|
19,390 |
|
No expiration |
France |
|
42,469 |
|
No
expiration |
Germany |
|
68,521 |
|
No expiration |
Israel |
|
232,036 |
|
No
expiration |
Netherlands |
|
125,968 |
|
No expiration |
United States |
|
91,129 |
|
2023-2028 |
Approximately
$167,330,000 of the carryforwards in Austria, Belgium, and the Netherlands
resulted from the Company’s acquisition of BCcomponents in 2002. Valuation
allowances of $49,043,000 and $49,002,000, as of December 31, 2009 and 2008,
respectively, have been recorded through goodwill for these acquired net
operating losses. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 141-R (ASC Topic 805) on
January 1, 2009 (see Note 1), if tax benefits were recognized through the
utilization of these acquired net operating losses, the benefits of such loss
utilization were recorded as a reduction to goodwill. After the adoption of the
updated guidance on January 1, 2009, the benefits of such losses will be
recorded as a reduction of tax expense. In 2009, the tax benefit recognized
through a reduction of acquisition-date valuation allowances recorded as a
reduction of tax expense was $980,000. In 2008 and 2007, tax benefits recognized
through reductions of the valuation allowance recorded through goodwill were
$3,378,000 and $4,513,000, respectively.
At December 31, 2009,
the Company had the following significant tax credit carryforwards
available (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
Expires |
Federal Alternative Minimum
Tax |
$ |
15,211 |
|
No expiration |
California Research Credit |
|
4,210 |
|
No expiration |
F-33
Note 5 – Income Taxes
(continued)
At December 31, 2009,
no provision has been made for U.S. federal and state income taxes on
approximately $1,685,707,000 of foreign earnings, which the Company continues to
expect to be reinvested outside of the United States indefinitely. Upon
distribution of those earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, the
Company would be subject to U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for
foreign tax credits), state income taxes, incremental foreign income taxes, and
withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries. Determination of the
amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. income tax liability is not practicable
because of the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation.
In connection with
the repurchase of the convertible subordinated notes on August 1, 2008 (see Note
6), the Company repatriated approximately $250 million of cash from non-U.S.
subsidiaries. This repatriation of cash resulted in net tax expense of
approximately $9.9 million, recorded in the second quarter of 2008, after the
utilization of net operating losses and tax credits as a result of this
repatriation. The Company expected that it would need to repatriate additional
cash to repay the term loan outstanding under its credit facility (see Note 6),
and recorded additional tax expense on the expected repatriation of $112.5
million because such earnings are not deemed to be indefinitely reinvested
outside of the United States. At the present time, the Company expects that the
remaining cash and profits generated by foreign subsidiaries will continue to be
reinvested indefinitely.
Net income taxes paid
(refunded) were ($4,714,000), $72,116,000, and $45,339,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
The Company and its
subsidiaries are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign
jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions
and determining our provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of
business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate
tax determination is uncertain. We establish reserves for tax-related
uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional
taxes will be due. These reserves are established when we believe that certain
positions might be challenged despite our belief that our tax return positions
are fully supportable. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and
circumstances and the provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve
provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate.
These accruals for
tax-related uncertainties are based on management’s best estimate of potential
tax exposures. When particular matters arise, a number of years may elapse
before such matters are audited and finally resolved. Favorable resolution of
such matters could be recognized as a reduction to our effective tax rate in the
year of resolution. Unfavorable resolution of any particular issue could
increase the effective tax rate and may require the use of cash in the year of
resolution.
F-34
Note 5 – Income Taxes
(continued)
The Company
recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income
tax expense. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had accrued interest and
penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits of $1.9 million and $0.9
million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the
Company recognized approximately $1.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in
interest and penalties.
The following table
summarizes changes in the liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits
(in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Balance at beginning of year |
$ |
47,778 |
|
|
$ |
65,523 |
|
Addition based on tax positions related to the current
year |
|
2,491 |
|
|
|
5,572 |
|
Addition based on tax positions related
to prior years |
|
4,684 |
|
|
|
487 |
|
Currency translation adjustments |
|
417 |
|
|
|
1,152 |
|
Reduction based on tax positions related
to prior years |
|
- |
|
|
|
(8,251 |
) |
Reduction for settlements |
|
(737 |
) |
|
|
(15,227 |
) |
Reduction for lapses of statute of
limitation |
|
(170 |
) |
|
|
(1,478 |
) |
Balance at end of year |
$ |
54,463 |
|
|
$ |
47,778 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company and its
subsidiaries file U.S. federal income tax returns, as well as income tax returns
in multiple U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions. The U.S. Internal Revenue
Service concluded its examinations of Vishay’s U.S. federal tax returns for all
tax years through 2002. Because of net operating losses, the Company’s U.S.
federal tax returns for 2003 and later years will remain subject to examination
until the losses are utilized. Examinations of principal subsidiaries in Germany
through the 2004 tax year were concluded in 2008. The tax returns of significant
consolidated subsidiaries are currently under examination, including Israel
(2004 and later years) and Republic of China (Taiwan) (1996 and later years).
The Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to income taxes in other
taxing jurisdictions in the U.S. and around the world, many of which are still
open to tax examinations.
F-35
Note 6 – Long-Term
Debt
Long-term debt
consists of the following (in thousands):
|
December 31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Credit facility - revolving
debt |
$ |
125,000 |
|
$ |
125,000 |
Credit facility - term loan |
|
87,500 |
|
|
112,500 |
Exchangeable unsecured notes, due
2102 |
|
105,000 |
|
|
105,000 |
Convertible subordinated notes, due 2023 |
|
1,870 |
|
|
1,870 |
Other debt |
|
16,736 |
|
|
2,305 |
|
|
336,106 |
|
|
346,675 |
Less current portion |
|
16,054 |
|
|
13,044 |
|
$ |
320,052 |
|
$ |
333,631 |
|
Credit Facility
The Company maintains
a credit facility with a consortium of banks led by Comerica Bank as
administrative agent. Effective July 31, 2009, the Company entered into an
amendment to its credit facility which modified certain covenants and collateral
arrangements. The credit facility consists of:
- a revolving credit commitment of
up to $250 million available through April 20, 2012, and
- a term loan with original principal amount of $125 million
payable in installments through 2011.
The borrowings under
the credit facility are secured by accounts receivable, inventory, machinery and
equipment, and general intangibles (but excluding real estate and bank accounts)
of the Company and subsidiaries located in the United States, accounts
receivable of a German subsidiary, certain intercompany loans to a significant
German subsidiary and pledges of stock in certain significant subsidiaries and
certain guarantees by significant subsidiaries. The subsidiaries would be
required to perform under the guarantees in the event that the Company failed to
make principal or interest payments under the credit facility. Certain of the
Company’s subsidiaries are permitted to borrow up to a limit of $125 million
under the credit facility. Any borrowings by these subsidiaries under the credit
facility are guaranteed by the Company. The Company may be required to
amend the credit facility to complete the intended spin-off of the Vishay
Precision Group.
The amended credit
facility continues to restrict the Company from paying cash dividends and
requires the Company to comply with other covenants, including the maintenance
of specific financial ratios. The Company was in compliance with all covenants
at December 31, 2009, and expects to continue to be in compliance based on
current projections. The Company also has mechanisms, including deferral of
capital expenditures and other discretionary spending, to facilitate on-going
compliance.
If the Company is not
in compliance with all of the required financial covenants, the credit facility
could be terminated by the lenders, and all amounts outstanding pursuant to the
credit facility (including the term loan) could become immediately payable.
Additionally, the Company’s Exchangeable Unsecured Notes due 2102 have
cross-default provisions that could accelerate repayment in the event the
indebtedness under the credit facility is accelerated.
F-36
Note 6 – Long-Term Debt
(continued)
Revolving Credit
Commitment
The amended credit
facility includes a revolving credit commitment of up to $250 million.
Interest on the
revolving credit commitment is payable at prime or other variable interest rate
options. The Company is also required to pay facility commitment fees. The July
31, 2009 amendment would have required additional fees if the September 26, 2009
fixed charges coverage ratio (“FCCR”) was less than 2.50 to 1. At September 26,
2009, the Company’s FCCR was 3.38 to 1. As such, the Company did not incur any
additional fees. At December 31, 2009, borrowings under the revolving credit
commitment, based on the current leverage ratio, bore interest at LIBOR plus
1.52%.
In July 2008, the
Company borrowed $125 million under the revolving credit commitment for the
purpose of repurchasing the Company’s 3-5/8% convertible subordinated notes due
2023 (as further described below). This amount remained outstanding at December
31, 2008 and 2009.
Letters of credit
totaling $7,945,000 and $10,995,000 were issued under the revolving credit
commitment at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. At December 31, 2009,
there was $117,055,000 available under the revolving credit
commitment.
Term Loan
The Company borrowed
$125 million under the amended credit facility in the form of a senior secured
term loan in July 2008 for the purpose of repurchasing the Company’s 3-5/8%
convertible subordinated notes due 2023 (as further described below). The
principal amount is due in semi-annual installments payable on January 1 and
July 1 through 2011. The principal amount of the repayment due July 1, 2010 is
$12.5 million, and the principal amount of the repayments due in 2011 will each
equal $37.5 million. The Company made the installment payment that was due on
January 1, 2010 on December 31, 2009. There are no penalties for early payments
of the term loan. Prepayments of the term loan principal would reduce all future
principal payments under the term loan. The borrowings under the term loan,
based on the current leverage ratio, bear interest at LIBOR plus 2.50%.
Exchangeable Unsecured Notes, due 2102
On December 13, 2002,
the Company completed the acquisition of BCcomponents Holdings B.V. In
connection with this acquisition, $105,000,000 in principal amount of
BCcomponents’ mezzanine indebtedness and certain other securities of
BCcomponents were exchanged for $105,000,000 principal amount of floating rate
unsecured loan notes of the Company, due 2102. The notes bore interest at LIBOR
plus 1.5% through December 31, 2006 and bear interest at LIBOR thereafter. The
interest rate could be further reduced to 50% of LIBOR after December 31, 2010
if the price of the Company’s common stock trades above a specified target
price, as provided in the notes. The notes are subject to a put and call
agreement under which the holders may at any time put the notes to the Company
in exchange for 6,176,471 shares of the Company’s common stock in the aggregate,
and the Company may call the notes in exchange for cash or for shares of its
common stock after 15 years from the date of issuance.
F-37
Note 6 – Long-Term Debt
(continued)
Convertible Subordinated Notes, due 2023
In 2003, the Company
sold $500 million aggregate principal amount of 3-5/8% convertible subordinated
notes due 2023. The notes pay interest semiannually.
Holders may convert
the notes into Vishay common stock prior to the close of business on August 1,
2023 if (1) the sale price of Vishay common stock reaches 130% of the conversion
price for a specified period; (2) the trading price of the notes falls below 98%
of the average last reported sales price of Vishay common stock multiplied by
the conversion rate for a specified period; (3) the notes have been called for
redemption; (4) the credit ratings assigned to the notes are lowered by two or
more levels from their initial ratings; or (5) specified corporate transactions
occur. In addition, holders of the notes will have the right to require the
Company to repurchase all or some of their notes upon the occurrence of certain
events constituting a fundamental change. None of these conditions had occurred
as of December 31, 2009. The conversion price of $21.28 is equivalent to a
conversion rate of 46.9925 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes.
The notes are
subordinated in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future
senior indebtedness and are effectively subordinated to all existing and future
liabilities of its subsidiaries. The notes may be redeemed at the Company’s
option beginning August 1, 2010 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the
principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. Holders of the notes
have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or some of their notes
at a purchase price equal to 100% of their principal amount of the notes, plus
accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on August 1, 2008, August 1, 2010, August
1, 2013, and August 1, 2018.
Holders of
substantially all (99.6%) of the 3-5/8% notes exercised their option to require
the Company to repurchase their notes on August 1, 2008.
Pursuant to the
repurchase, the Company paid $498,130,000 plus accrued interest to holders of
the notes on August 1, 2008. The purchase price was paid in cash and funded from
cash on-hand, $125 million of borrowings under the revolving credit commitment
described above, and $125 million from the term loan described above.
The purchase price
for the notes was equal to their principal amount, and accordingly, the Company
did not recognize any gain or loss on the repurchase of the Notes. At December
31, 2009, notes with an aggregate principal amount of $1,870,000 remain
outstanding. These notes are convertible into 87,876 shares.
The Company intends
to call the remaining notes on August 1, 2010, pursuant to the conditions of the
indenture governing the notes. Accordingly, the notes are classified as a
current liability as of December 31, 2009.
F-38
Note 6 – Long-Term Debt
(continued)
Other Borrowings Information
Aggregate annual
maturities of long-term debt, based on the terms stated in the respective
agreements, are as follows (in thousands):
2010 |
16,054 |
2011 |
76,500 |
2012 |
128,000 |
2013 |
5,276 |
2014 |
4,629 |
Thereafter |
105,647 |
At December 31, 2009,
the Company had committed and uncommitted short-term credit lines with various
U.S. and foreign banks aggregating approximately $60.2 million, which was
substantially unused. At December 31, 2008, the Company had committed and
uncommitted short-term credit lines with various U.S. and foreign banks
aggregating approximately $58.9 million, of which approximately $47.6 million
was unused. Outstanding amounts pursuant to these credit lines are reported as
“notes payable to banks” on the consolidated balance sheet. The weighted average
interest rate on these short-term borrowings as of December 31, 2008 was 1.72%.
At December 31, 2009
and 2008, the Company had letters of credit totaling approximately $1.2 and $1.2
million, respectively, in addition to letters of credit issued under the
revolving credit facility.
Interest paid was
$10,243,000, $21,722,000, and $27,499,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009,
2008, and 2007, respectively.
See Note 18 for
further discussion on the fair value of the Company’s long-term
debt.
F-39
Note 7 – Stockholders’
Equity
The Company’s Class B
common stock carries ten votes per share while the common stock carries one vote
per share. Class B shares are transferable only to certain permitted transferees
while the common stock is freely transferable. Class B shares are convertible on
a one-for-one basis at any time into shares of common stock. Transfers of Class
B shares other than to permitted transferees result in the automatic conversion
of the Class B shares into common stock.
The Board of
Directors may only declare dividends or other distributions with respect to the
common stock or the Class B common stock if it grants such dividends or
distributions in the same amount per share with respect to the other class of
stock. The Company’s revolving credit facility currently prohibits the payment
of cash dividends (see Note 6). Stock dividends or distributions on any class of
stock are payable only in shares of stock of that class. Shares of either common
stock or Class B common stock cannot be split, divided, or combined unless the
other is also split, divided, or combined equally.
On August 10, 2000,
the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to
5,000,000 shares of its common stock from time to time in the open market. As of
December 31, 2009, the Company had repurchased 248,500 shares. No shares have
been repurchased since 2001.
The Company issued
8,823,529 warrants to acquire shares of Vishay common stock as part of the
purchase price for the 2002 acquisition of BCcomponents. Of these warrants,
7,000,000 have an exercise price of $20.00 per share, and 1,823,529 have an
exercise price of $30.30 per share. These warrants expire in December 2012.
At December 31, 2009,
the Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows:
Common stock options
outstanding |
2,728,000 |
Restricted stock units outstanding |
155,000 |
2007 Stock Incentive Program - available
to grant |
2,595,000 |
Phantom stock units outstanding |
120,000 |
Phantom stock units available to
grant |
145,000 |
Employee stock plans - available to grant |
305,126 |
Common stock warrants |
8,823,529 |
Exchangeable unsecured notes, due 2102 |
6,176,471 |
Convertible subordinated notes, due
2023 |
87,876 |
Conversion of Class B common stock |
14,352,888 |
|
35,488,890 |
|
F-40
Note 8 – Other Income
(Expense)
The caption “Other”
on the consolidated statements of operations consists of the following
(in thousands):
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Foreign exchange gain (loss) |
|
$ |
5,039 |
|
$ |
(609 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,164 |
) |
Interest income |
|
|
3,917 |
|
|
12,642 |
|
|
|
19,419 |
|
Dividend income |
|
|
4 |
|
|
96 |
|
|
|
470 |
|
Incentive from Chinese government |
|
|
- |
|
|
800 |
|
|
|
1,238 |
|
Other |
|
|
831 |
|
|
1,947 |
|
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
$ |
9,791 |
|
$ |
14,876 |
|
|
$ |
15,948 |
|
|
Note 9 – Other Accrued
Expenses
Other accrued
expenses consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Restructuring |
|
$ |
17,752 |
|
$ |
27,221 |
Sales returns and allowances |
|
|
29,068 |
|
|
37,434 |
Goods received, not yet
invoiced |
|
|
36,925 |
|
|
34,675 |
Other |
|
|
78,338 |
|
|
91,756 |
|
|
$ |
162,083 |
|
$ |
191,086 |
|
F-41
Note 10 – Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The cumulative
balance of each component of other comprehensive income (loss) and the income
tax effects allocated to each component are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Beginning |
|
Before-Tax |
|
Tax |
|
Net-of-Tax |
|
Ending |
|
|
Balance |
|
Amount |
|
Effect |
|
Amount |
|
Balance |
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
post-retirement actuarial
items |
|
$ |
(95,387 |
) |
|
$ |
43,526 |
|
|
$ |
(8,850 |
) |
|
$ |
34,676 |
|
|
$ |
(60,711 |
) |
Reclassification adjustment
for |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
recognition of actuarial items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,146 |
|
|
|
(446 |
) |
|
|
5,700 |
|
|
|
5,700 |
|
Currency translation adjustment |
|
|
130,237 |
|
|
|
84,697 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
84,697 |
|
|
|
214,934 |
|
Unrealized gain on |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
available-for-sale securities |
|
|
643 |
|
|
|
(456 |
) |
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
(296 |
) |
|
|
347 |
|
|
|
$ |
35,493 |
|
|
$ |
133,913 |
|
|
$ |
(9,136 |
) |
|
$ |
124,777 |
|
|
$ |
160,270 |
|
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
post-retirement actuarial
items |
|
$ |
(55,011 |
) |
|
$ |
(70,322 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,651 |
) |
|
$ |
(71,973 |
) |
|
$ |
(126,984 |
) |
Reclassification adjustment
for |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
recognition of actuarial items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,851 |
|
|
|
(49 |
) |
|
|
4,802 |
|
|
|
4,802 |
|
Currency translation adjustment |
|
|
214,934 |
|
|
|
(16,673 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(16,673 |
) |
|
|
198,261 |
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
available-for-sale securities |
|
|
347 |
|
|
|
(703 |
) |
|
|
246 |
|
|
|
(457 |
) |
|
|
(110 |
) |
|
|
$ |
160,270 |
|
|
$ |
(82,847 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,454 |
) |
|
$ |
(84,301 |
) |
|
$ |
75,969 |
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
post-retirement actuarial
items |
|
$ |
(122,182 |
) |
|
$ |
6,231 |
|
|
$ |
(832 |
) |
|
$ |
5,399 |
|
|
$ |
(116,783 |
) |
Reclassification adjustment
for |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
recognition of actuarial items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,831 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
10,873 |
|
|
|
10,873 |
|
Currency translation adjustment |
|
|
198,261 |
|
|
|
10,080 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
10,080 |
|
|
|
208,341 |
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
available-for-sale securities |
|
|
(110 |
) |
|
|
1,006 |
|
|
|
(352 |
) |
|
|
654 |
|
|
|
544 |
|
|
|
$ |
75,969 |
|
|
$ |
28,148 |
|
|
$ |
(1,142 |
) |
|
$ |
27,006 |
|
|
$ |
102,975 |
|
|
Other comprehensive
income (loss) includes Vishay’s proportionate share of other comprehensive
income (loss) of nonconsolidated subsidiaries accounted for under the equity
method.
At December 31, 2009
and 2008, the Company had valuation allowances of $37,412,000 and $43,145,000,
respectively, against the deferred tax effect of equity adjustments related to
pension and other postretirement benefits.
F-42
Note 11 – Pensions and Other
Postretirement Benefits
The Company maintains
various retirement benefit plans. GAAP requires employers to recognize the
funded status of a benefit plan, measured as the difference between plan assets
at fair value and the benefit obligation, in its balance sheet. The recognition
of the funded status on the balance sheet requires employers to recognize
actuarial items (such as actuarial gains and losses, prior service costs, and
transition obligations) as a component of other comprehensive income, net of
tax.
The following table
summarizes amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheets associated with
these various retirement benefit plans (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Included in "Other
Assets": |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign pension plans |
|
$ |
1,802 |
|
|
$ |
2,988 |
|
Total included in
other assets |
|
$ |
1,802 |
|
|
$ |
2,988 |
|
Accrued pension and other postretirement
costs: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. pension plans |
|
$ |
(72,789 |
) |
|
$ |
(91,322 |
) |
Non-U.S. pension plans |
|
|
(198,455 |
) |
|
|
(201,346 |
) |
U.S. other postretirement
plans |
|
|
(13,617 |
) |
|
|
(12,941 |
) |
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans |
|
|
(5,841 |
) |
|
|
(7,405 |
) |
Other retirement obligations |
|
|
(11,228 |
) |
|
|
(12,098 |
) |
Total accrued pension
and other postretirement costs |
|
$ |
(301,930 |
) |
|
$ |
(325,112 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive
loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. pension plans |
|
$ |
110,893 |
|
|
$ |
129,282 |
|
Non-U.S. pension plans |
|
|
7,420 |
|
|
|
7,708 |
|
U.S. other postretirement plans |
|
|
(5,506 |
) |
|
|
(7,118 |
) |
Total accumulated
other comprehensive loss* |
|
$ |
112,807 |
|
|
$ |
129,872 |
|
|
____________________
* |
|
-
Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in
this table pre-tax. |
F-43
Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement
Benefits (continued)
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
U.S. Pension Plans
The Company maintains
several defined benefit pension plans which covered most full-time U.S.
employees. These include pension plans which are “qualified” under Employee
Retirement Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and the Internal Revenue Code, and
“non-qualified” pension plans which provide defined benefits primarily to U.S.
employees whose benefits under the qualified pension plan would be limited by
ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code. Pension benefits earned are generally based
on years of service and compensation during active employment.
Qualified U.S. Pension
Plans
The qualified U.S.
pension plans include both contributory and non-contributory plans. The
Company’s principal qualified U.S. pension plan (the Vishay Retirement Plan) was
funded through Company and participant contributions to an irrevocable trust
fund. The Company’s other qualified U.S. pension plans, which were assumed as a
result of past acquisitions, were funded only through Company contributions.
During the fourth
quarter of 2008, the Company adopted amendments to the Vishay Retirement Plan
such that effective January 1, 2009, the plan was frozen. Pursuant to these
amendments, no new employees may participate in the plan, no further participant
contributions were required or permitted, and no further benefits shall accrue
after December 31, 2008. Benefits accumulated as of December 31, 2008 will be
paid to employees upon retirement, and the Company will likely need to make
additional cash contributions to the plan to fund this accumulated benefit
obligation. To mitigate the loss in benefits of these employees, effective
January 1, 2009, the Company increased the Company-match portion of its 401(k)
defined contribution savings plan for employees impacted by the pension
freeze.
The Company’s other
qualified U.S. pension plans had all been effectively frozen in prior
years.
Non-qualified U.S. Pension
Plans
The Company’s
principal non-qualified U.S. pension plan (the Vishay Non-qualified Retirement
Plan) was a contributory pension plan designed to provide similar defined
benefits to covered U.S. employees whose benefits under the Vishay Retirement
Plan would be limited by ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code. The Vishay
Non-qualified Retirement Plan is identical in construction to the Vishay
Retirement Plan, except that the plan is not qualified under ERISA.
The Vishay
Non-qualified Retirement Plan, like all non-qualified plans, is considered to be
unfunded. The Company maintains a non-qualified trust, referred to as a “rabbi”
trust, to fund benefit payments under this plan. Rabbi trust assets are subject
to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not the property of
employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent assets. Assets
held in trust related to the non-qualified pension plan at December 31, 2009 and
2008 were approximately $15 million and $11 million, respectively.
During the fourth
quarter of 2008, the Company adopted amendments to the Vishay Non-Qualified
Retirement Plan such that effective January 1, 2009, the plan was frozen.
Pursuant to these amendments, no new employees may participate in the plans, no
further participant contributions were required or permitted, and no further
benefits shall accrue after December 31, 2008. Benefits accumulated as of
December 31, 2008 will be paid to employees upon retirement, and the Company
will likely need to make additional cash contributions to the rabbi trust to
fund this accumulated benefit obligation. To mitigate the loss in benefits of
these employees, effective January 1, 2009, the Company increased the
Company-match portion of its 401(k) defined contribution savings plan for
employees impacted by the pension freeze.
F-44
Note 11 – Pensions and Other
Postretirement Benefits (continued)
The Company also
maintains other pension plans which provide supplemental defined benefits
primarily to former U.S. employees whose benefits under qualified pension plans
were limited by ERISA. These non-qualified plans are all non-contributory plans,
and are considered to be unfunded.
In 2004, the Company
entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Felix Zandman, its Executive
Chairman and then-Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, the
Company will provide an annual retirement benefit equal to 50% of his average
base pay and bonus for the five years preceding his retirement (but not to
exceed $1 million annually). These pension benefits are unfunded and fully
vested.
Non-U.S. Pension
Plans
The Company provides
pension and similar benefits to employees of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries
consistent with local practices. Pension benefits earned are generally based on
years of service and compensation during active employment.
The following table
sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded
status related to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Change in benefit
obligation: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |
|
$ |
271,242 |
|
|
$ |
229,105 |
|
|
$ |
274,080 |
|
|
$ |
263,280 |
|
Service cost (adjusted for
actual |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
employee contributions) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
2,991 |
|
|
|
4,141 |
|
|
|
4,484 |
|
Interest cost |
|
|
16,745 |
|
|
|
11,174 |
|
|
|
16,618 |
|
|
|
12,804 |
|
Plan amendments |
|
|
932 |
|
|
|
94 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(242 |
) |
Acquisitions |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
81 |
|
Contributions by participants |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
1,598 |
|
|
|
115 |
|
Actuarial (gains) losses |
|
|
17,856 |
|
|
|
(313 |
) |
|
|
3,661 |
|
|
|
(8,607 |
) |
Curtailments and settlements |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(2,874 |
) |
|
|
(12,591 |
) |
|
|
(17,757 |
) |
Benefits paid |
|
|
(17,345 |
) |
|
|
(14,031 |
) |
|
|
(16,265 |
) |
|
|
(13,688 |
) |
Currency translation |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
5,178 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(11,365 |
) |
Benefit obligation at
end of year |
|
$ |
289,430 |
|
|
$ |
231,416 |
|
|
$ |
271,242 |
|
|
$ |
229,105 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in plan assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value of plan assets at beginning |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of year |
|
$ |
179,920 |
|
|
$ |
30,747 |
|
|
$ |
252,861 |
|
|
$ |
48,460 |
|
Actual return on plan assets |
|
|
40,796 |
|
|
|
2,696 |
|
|
|
(71,829 |
) |
|
|
(3,061 |
) |
Acquisitions |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
38 |
|
Company contributions |
|
|
13,270 |
|
|
|
15,022 |
|
|
|
13,555 |
|
|
|
18,282 |
|
Plan participants’ contributions |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
1,598 |
|
|
|
115 |
|
Benefits paid |
|
|
(17,345 |
) |
|
|
(14,031 |
) |
|
|
(16,265 |
) |
|
|
(13,688 |
) |
Settlements |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,435 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(13,635 |
) |
Currency translation |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,671 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(5,764 |
) |
Fair value of plan
assets at end of year |
|
$ |
216,641 |
|
|
$ |
34,762 |
|
|
$ |
179,920 |
|
|
$ |
30,747 |
|
Funded status at end of
year |
|
$ |
(72,789 |
) |
|
$ |
(196,654 |
) |
|
$ |
(91,322 |
) |
|
$ |
(198,358 |
) |
|
The plan assets are
stated at fair value. See Note 18 for further discussion of the valuation of the
plan assets.
F-45
Note 11 – Pensions and Other
Postretirement Benefits (continued)
Amounts recognized in
the consolidated balance sheet consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Other assets |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
1,802 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
2,988 |
|
Accrued benefit liability |
|
|
(72,789 |
) |
|
|
(198,455 |
) |
|
|
(91,322 |
) |
|
|
(201,346 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive
loss |
|
|
110,893 |
|
|
|
7,420 |
|
|
|
129,282 |
|
|
|
7,708 |
|
|
|
$ |
38,104 |
|
|
$ |
(189,233 |
) |
|
$ |
37,960 |
|
|
$ |
(190,650 |
) |
|
Actuarial items
consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Unrecognized net actuarial
loss |
|
$ |
111,189 |
|
|
$ |
7,420 |
|
$ |
130,476 |
|
|
$ |
7,708 |
Unamortized prior service credit |
|
|
(296 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
(1,194 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
$ |
110,893 |
|
|
$ |
7,420 |
|
$ |
129,282 |
|
|
$ |
7,708 |
|
The following table
sets forth additional information regarding the projected and accumulated
benefit obligations (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Accumulated benefit obligation, all
plans |
|
$ |
289,430 |
|
$ |
218,377 |
|
$ |
271,242 |
|
$ |
216,143 |
|
Plans for which the accumulated
benefit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
obligation exceeds plan assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Projected benefit obligation |
|
$ |
289,430 |
|
$ |
226,230 |
|
$ |
271,242 |
|
$ |
224,064 |
Accumulated benefit obligation |
|
|
289,430 |
|
|
215,893 |
|
|
271,242 |
|
|
213,493 |
Fair value of plan assets |
|
|
216,641 |
|
|
27,760 |
|
|
179,920 |
|
|
22,830 |
F-46
Note 11 – Pensions and Other
Postretirement Benefits (continued)
The following table
sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Annual service cost |
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
3,083 |
|
|
$ |
5,739 |
|
|
$ |
4,598 |
|
|
$ |
6,331 |
|
|
$ |
4,925 |
|
Less employee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contributions |
|
- |
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
1,598 |
|
|
|
115 |
|
|
|
1,679 |
|
|
|
126 |
|
Net service cost |
|
- |
|
|
|
2,991 |
|
|
|
4,141 |
|
|
|
4,483 |
|
|
|
4,652 |
|
|
|
4,799 |
|
Interest cost |
|
16,745 |
|
|
|
11,174 |
|
|
|
16,618 |
|
|
|
12,804 |
|
|
|
15,871 |
|
|
|
11,153 |
|
Expected return on |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
plan assets |
|
(14,955 |
) |
|
|
(1,689 |
) |
|
|
(20,881 |
) |
|
|
(2,612 |
) |
|
|
(20,553 |
) |
|
|
(3,012 |
) |
Amortization of actuarial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
losses |
|
11,300 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
2,255 |
|
|
|
2,774 |
|
|
|
3,325 |
|
|
|
5,146 |
|
Amortization of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
prior service (credit) cost |
|
34 |
|
|
|
94 |
|
|
|
(167 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
324 |
|
|
|
(2,662 |
) |
Curtailment and settlement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
losses (gains) |
|
- |
|
|
|
405 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
2,624 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(57 |
) |
Net periodic benefit cost |
$ |
13,124 |
|
|
$ |
13,045 |
|
|
$ |
1,966 |
|
|
$ |
20,073 |
|
|
$ |
3,619 |
|
|
$ |
15,367 |
|
|
See Note 10 for the
pretax, tax effect and after tax amounts included in other comprehensive income
during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007. The estimated
actuarial items for the defined benefit pensions plans that will be amortized
from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic pension cost during
2010 is $9.6 million.
The net curtailment
and settlement losses for 2009 are primarily related to the Company’s
restructuring plans in the Philippines and the Republic of China (Taiwan). The
settlement losses for 2008 are primarily related to the Company’s restructuring
plans in the Republic of China (Taiwan). See Note 4.
The following
weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at
December 31 of the respective years:
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Discount rate |
5.75% |
|
5.19% |
|
6.25% |
|
5.27% |
Rate of compensation increase |
0.00% |
|
2.34% |
|
0.00% |
|
2.42% |
The following weighted average assumptions were used to
determine the net periodic pension costs for the years ended December 31, 2009
and 2008:
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Discount rate |
6.25% |
|
5.27% |
|
6.25% |
|
4.91% |
Rate of compensation increase |
0.00% |
|
2.42% |
|
4.00% |
|
2.53% |
Expected return on plan assets |
8.50% |
|
5.17% |
|
8.50% |
|
5.78% |
F-47
Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement
Benefits (continued)
The plans’ expected
return on assets is based on management’s expectations of long-term average
rates of return to be achieved by the underlying investment portfolios. In
establishing this assumption, management considers historical and expected
returns for the asset classes in which the plans are invested, advice from
pension consultants and investment advisors, and current economic and capital
market conditions.
The investment mix
between equity securities and fixed income securities is based upon achieving a
desired return, balancing higher return, more volatile equity securities, and
lower return, less volatile fixed income securities. The Company’s U.S. defined
benefit plans are invested in diversified portfolios of public-market equity and
fixed income securities. Investment allocations are made across a range of
markets, industry sectors, capitalization sizes, and, in the case of fixed
income securities, maturities and credit quality. The target allocation has
historically been approximately 60% invested in equity securities and 40%
invested in debt securities. The Company’s non-U.S. defined benefit plans are
largely invested in cash, with a small percentage invested in equity and fixed
income securities, based on local laws and customs. The plans do not invest in
securities of Vishay or its subsidiaries.
Plan assets are
comprised of:
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Equity securities |
58% |
|
22% |
|
54% |
|
27% |
Fixed income securities |
42% |
|
34% |
|
46% |
|
37% |
Cash and cash equivalents |
0% |
|
44% |
|
0% |
|
36% |
Total |
100% |
|
100% |
|
100% |
|
100% |
|
Estimated future
benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
2010 |
$ |
16,527 |
|
$ |
11,953 |
2011 |
|
16,974 |
|
|
12,369 |
2012 |
|
17,709 |
|
|
12,946 |
2013 |
|
18,979 |
|
|
13,733 |
2014 |
|
19,455 |
|
|
14,884 |
2015-2018 |
|
103,022 |
|
|
82,233 |
The Company
anticipates making contributions to U.S. defined benefit pension plans of
between $12 million and $16 million in 2010.
The Company’s
anticipated 2010 contributions for non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans will
approximate the expected benefit payments disclosed above.
Despite some recovery
in 2009, events in the financial markets have led to declines in the fair value
of investment securities held by our pension plans. Negative investment returns
could ultimately affect the funded status of the plans, requiring additional
cash contributions.
F-48
Note 11 – Pensions and Other
Postretirement Benefits (continued)
Other Postretirement Benefits
In the U.S., the
Company maintains two unfunded non-pension postretirement plans which are funded
as costs are incurred. One of these plans was amended effective January 1, 2009,
which reduced the benefit obligations of the Company. The Company also maintains
two unfunded non-pension postretirement plans at two European subsidiaries.
In 2004, the Company
entered into formal employment agreements with six of its executives. These
employment agreements provide medical benefits for these executives and their
surviving spouses for life, up to a $15,000 annual premium value per person.
These benefits are fully vested, and accordingly, the obligations represented
prior service costs which will be amortized over the average remaining expected
services period for these six executives.
The following table
sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and accrued
benefit cost related to U.S. and non-U.S. non-pension defined benefit
postretirement plans (in thousands):
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Change in benefit
obligation: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |
$ |
12,941 |
|
|
$ |
7,405 |
|
|
$ |
17,586 |
|
|
$ |
8,107 |
|
Service cost |
|
113 |
|
|
|
330 |
|
|
|
180 |
|
|
|
389 |
|
Interest cost |
|
810 |
|
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
1,012 |
|
|
|
408 |
|
Plan amendments |
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(3,795 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Actuarial (gains) losses |
|
946 |
|
|
|
(829 |
) |
|
|
(716 |
) |
|
|
81 |
|
Benefits paid |
|
(1,193 |
) |
|
|
(1,502 |
) |
|
|
(1,326 |
) |
|
|
(1,460 |
) |
Currency translation |
|
- |
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(120 |
) |
Benefit obligation at end of
year |
$ |
13,617 |
|
|
$ |
5,841 |
|
|
$ |
12,941 |
|
|
$ |
7,405 |
|
|
Fair value of plan assets at end of
year |
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
Funded status at end of
year |
$ |
(13,617 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,841 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,941 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,405 |
) |
|
Amounts recognized in
the consolidated balance sheet consist of the following (in thousands):
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Accrued benefit liability |
$ |
(13,617 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,841 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,941 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,405 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
(5,506 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(7,118 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
$ |
(19,123 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,841 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,059 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,405 |
) |
|
Actuarial items consist of the following
(in thousands): |
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Unrecognized net actuarial
gain |
$ |
(2,977 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(4,222 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
Unamortized prior service (credit) cost |
|
(2,737 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(3,178 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Unrecognized net transition
obligation |
|
208 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
282 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
$ |
(5,506 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(7,118 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
F-49
Note 11 – Pensions and Other
Postretirement Benefits (continued)
The following table
sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Service cost |
$ |
113 |
|
|
$ |
330 |
|
$ |
180 |
|
|
$ |
389 |
|
$ |
216 |
|
|
$ |
435 |
Interest cost |
|
810 |
|
|
|
391 |
|
|
1,012 |
|
|
|
408 |
|
|
981 |
|
|
|
350 |
Amortization of actuarial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains |
|
(300 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
(270 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
(257 |
) |
|
|
- |
Amortization of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
prior service cost |
|
(441 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
77 |
|
|
|
- |
Amortization of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
transition obligation |
|
74 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
193 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
193 |
|
|
|
- |
Net periodic benefit cost |
$ |
256 |
|
|
$ |
721 |
|
$ |
1,181 |
|
|
$ |
797 |
|
$ |
1,210 |
|
|
$ |
785 |
|
The estimated
actuarial items for the other postretirement benefit plans that will be
amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit
cost during 2010 are not material and approximate the amounts amortized in
2009.
The following
weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at
December 31 of the respective years:
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Discount rate |
5.75% |
|
5.50% |
|
6.25% |
|
5.62% |
Rate of compensation increase |
0.00% |
|
3.46% |
|
0.00% |
|
3.41% |
The following weighted average assumptions were used to
determine the net periodic benefit costs for the years ended December 31, 2009
and 2008:
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
Discount rate |
6.25% |
|
5.62% |
|
6.25% |
|
5.15% |
Rate of compensation increase |
0.00% |
|
3.41% |
|
4.00% |
|
3.20% |
The impact of a
one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the net
periodic benefit cost and postretirement benefit obligation is not
material.
F-50
Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement
Benefits (continued)
Estimated future
benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
|
U.S. |
|
Non-U.S. |
|
Plans |
|
Plans |
2010 |
1,222 |
|
173 |
2011 |
1,234 |
|
211 |
2012 |
1,205 |
|
305 |
2013 |
1,196 |
|
439 |
2014 |
1,196 |
|
557 |
2015-2018 |
5,762 |
|
3,258 |
As the plans are
unfunded, the Company’s anticipated contributions for 2010 are equal to its
estimated benefits payments.
Other Retirement Obligations
The Company
participates in various other defined contribution and government-mandated
retirement plans based on local law or custom. The Company periodically makes
required contributions for certain of these plans, whereas other plans are
unfunded retirement bonus plans which will be paid at the employee's retirement
date. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the consolidated balance sheets include
$11,228,000 and $12,098,000 within accrued pension and other postretirement
costs related to these plans.
Many of the Company’s
U.S. employees are eligible to participate in 401(k) savings plans, some of
which provide for Company matching under various formulas. Concurrent with the
freezing of U.S. pension benefits effective January 1, 2009, the Company match
for affected employees was increased. The Company’s matching expense for the
plans was $5,004,000, $3,250,000, and $3,322,000 for the years ended December
31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. No material amounts are included in the
consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2009 and 2008 related to unfunded
401(k) contributions.
Certain key employees
participate in a deferred compensation plan. During the years ended December 31,
2009, 2008, and 2007, these employees could defer a portion of their
compensation until retirement, or elect shorter deferral periods. The Company
maintains a liability within other noncurrent liabilities on its consolidated
balance sheets related to these deferrals. The Company maintains a non-qualified
trust, referred to as a “rabbi” trust, to fund payments under this plan. Rabbi
trust assets are subject to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not
the property of employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent
assets. Assets held in trust related to the deferred compensation plan at
December 31, 2009 and 2008 were approximately $12 million and $11 million,
respectively. Assets held in trust are intended to approximate the Company’s
liability under this plan.
The Company is
obligated to pay post-employment benefits to certain terminated employees
related to acquisitions. The liabilities recorded for these obligations total
$12,283,000 and $18,460,000 as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Of
these amounts, $2,982,000 and $2,718,000 are included in accrued liabilities as
of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, with the remaining amounts included
in other noncurrent liabilities.
F-51
Note 12 – Share-Based
Compensation
The Company has
various stockholder-approved programs which allow for the grant of share-based
compensation to officers, employees, and non-employee directors.
The amount of
compensation cost related to share-based payment transactions is measured based
on the grant-date fair value of the equity instruments issued. The fair value of
each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model. The Company determines compensation cost for restricted
stock units (“RSUs”), phantom stock units, and restricted stock based on the
grant-date fair value of the underlying common stock. Compensation cost is
recognized over the period that an officer, employee, or non-employee director
provides service in exchange for the award.
The following table
summarizes share-based compensation expense recognized (in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Stock options |
$ |
827 |
|
$ |
1,322 |
|
$ |
1,429 |
Restricted stock units |
|
869 |
|
|
1,413 |
|
|
- |
Phantom stock units |
|
74 |
|
|
421 |
|
|
344 |
Restricted stock |
|
- |
|
|
28 |
|
|
46 |
Total |
$ |
1,770 |
|
$ |
3,184 |
|
$ |
1,819 |
|
The following table
summarizes unrecognized compensation cost and the weighted average remaining
amortization periods at December 31, 2009 (dollars in thousands, amortization periods in years):
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
Unrecognized |
|
Remaining |
|
Compensation |
|
Amortization |
|
Cost |
|
Periods |
Stock options |
$ |
1,271 |
|
2.4 |
Restricted stock units |
|
600 |
|
1.4 |
Phantom stock units |
|
- |
|
0.0 |
Restricted stock |
|
- |
|
0.0 |
Total |
$ |
1,871 |
|
|
|
F-52
Note 12 – Share-Based Compensation
(continued)
2007 Stock Incentive Plan
The Company’s 2007
Stock Incentive Program (the “2007 Program”) permits the grant of up to
3,000,000 shares of restricted stock, unrestricted stock, RSUs, and stock
options, to officers, employees, and non-employee directors. Such instruments
are available for grant until May 22, 2017.
The 2007 Program was
originally approved by stockholders of the Company on May 22, 2007, as the “2007
Stock Option Program.” On May 28, 2008, the Company’s stockholders approved
amendments to the 2007 Stock Option Program, which was then renamed the “2007
Stock Incentive Program”.
At December 31, 2009,
the Company has reserved 2,595,000 shares of common stock for future grants of
equity awards pursuant to the 2007 Program. If any outstanding awards are
forfeited by the holder or cancelled by the Company, the underlying shares would
be available for regrant to others.
Stock Options
In addition to stock
options outstanding pursuant to the 2007 Program, the Company has stock options
outstanding under previous stockholder-approved stock option programs.
Under the 1998 Stock
Option Program, certain executive officers and key employees were granted
options. On March 16, 2008, the stockholder approval for the 1998 Stock Option
Program expired. While no additional options may be granted pursuant to this
plan, at December 31, 2009, 1,148,000 options issued under the 1998 Program
remain outstanding and may be exercised in future periods.
On November 2, 2001,
Vishay acquired General Semiconductor, Inc., which became a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company. As a result of the acquisition, each outstanding
option to acquire General Semiconductor common stock became exercisable for
shares of Vishay common stock. Based on the conversion ratio in the acquisition
of 0.563 of a Vishay share for each General Semiconductor share, the former
General Semiconductor options become exercisable in the aggregate for 4,282,000
shares of Vishay common stock on the date of the acquisition. All such options
were immediately vested and exercisable as a result of the merger but the terms
of the options otherwise remained unchanged. At December 31, 2009, 1,499,000
options related to this plan remain outstanding and may be exercised in future
periods. No additional options may be granted from this plan.
F-53
Note 12 – Share-Based Compensation
(continued)
The following table
summarizes the Company’s stock option activity (number of options in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
of |
|
Exercise |
|
of |
|
Exercise |
|
of |
|
Exercise |
|
Options |
|
Price |
|
Options |
|
Price |
|
Options |
|
Price |
Outstanding: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year |
3,904 |
|
|
$ |
18.55 |
|
4,691 |
|
|
$ |
18.09 |
|
6,706 |
|
|
$ |
16.47 |
Granted |
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
36 |
|
|
|
8.76 |
|
526 |
|
|
|
17.33 |
Exercised |
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
(110 |
) |
|
|
5.60 |
|
(1,879 |
) |
|
|
11.01 |
Cancelled |
(1,176 |
) |
|
|
15.55 |
|
(713 |
) |
|
|
17.01 |
|
(662 |
) |
|
|
21.18 |
End of year |
2,728 |
|
|
$ |
19.84 |
|
3,904 |
|
|
$ |
18.55 |
|
4,691 |
|
|
$ |
18.09 |
|
Vested and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
expected to vest |
2,728 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,904 |
|
|
|
|
|
4,691 |
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of year |
2,400 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,457 |
|
|
|
|
|
4,117 |
|
|
|
|
|
The following table
summarizes information concerning stock options outstanding and exercisable at
December 31, 2009 (number of options in thousands, contractual
life in years):
|
|
Options Outstanding |
|
Options Exercisable |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
Remaining |
|
Average |
|
|
|
Average |
Ranges of |
|
Number
of |
|
Contractual |
|
Exercise |
|
Number of |
|
Exercise |
Exercise Prices |
|
Options |
|
Life |
|
Price |
|
Options |
|
Price |
$8.72-$8.98 |
|
36 |
|
8.62 |
|
$ |
8.76 |
|
6 |
|
$ |
8.76 |
$12.75-$14.25 |
|
81 |
|
6.28 |
|
|
14.03 |
|
44 |
|
|
13.95 |
$15.50-$17.51 |
|
709 |
|
1.90 |
|
|
16.36 |
|
681 |
|
|
16.40 |
$17.54 |
|
657 |
|
0.82 |
|
|
17.54 |
|
657 |
|
|
17.54 |
$18.00 |
|
350 |
|
7.39 |
|
|
18.00 |
|
117 |
|
|
18.00 |
$18.10-$22.42 |
|
20 |
|
1.10 |
|
|
19.12 |
|
20 |
|
|
19.12 |
$25.13 |
|
663 |
|
0.78 |
|
|
25.13 |
|
663 |
|
|
25.13 |
$25.75-$34.52 |
|
212 |
|
0.44 |
|
|
29.34 |
|
212 |
|
|
29.34 |
Total |
|
2,728 |
|
2.52 |
|
$ |
19.85 |
|
2,400 |
|
$ |
20.30 |
|
The weighted-average
remaining contractual life of all exercisable options is 1.44 years.
F-54
Note 12 – Share-Based Compensation
(continued)
The fair value of
each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model. There were no options granted in 2009. The following
weighted-average assumptions were incorporated into the model used to value the
options granted in 2008 and 2007:
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
Grants |
|
Grants |
Expected dividend yield |
0.0% |
|
0.0% |
Risk-free interest rate |
3.5% |
|
4.8% |
Expected volatility |
58.3% |
|
59.8% |
Expected life (in years) |
7.2 |
|
7.2 |
The expected life of
the options was estimated based on historical experience for a group of
employees similar to the respective grantees. The expected volatility was
estimated based on historical volatility over a period equal to the expected
life of the options.
The pretax aggregate
intrinsic value (the difference between the closing stock price on the last
trading day of 2009 of $8.35 per share and the exercise price, multiplied by the
number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option
holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2009 is
zero, because all outstanding options have exercise prices in excess of market
value. This amount changes based on changes in the market value of the Company’s
common stock. No options were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2009.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December
31, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $0.1 million and $10.8 million,
respectively.
The following table
summarizes information concerning unvested stock options (number of options in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
of |
|
Grant-date |
|
of |
|
Grant-date |
|
of |
|
Grant-date |
|
Options |
|
Fair Value |
|
Options |
|
Fair Value |
|
Options |
|
Fair Value |
Unvested: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year |
447 |
|
|
$ |
9.64 |
|
574 |
|
|
$ |
9.76 |
|
72 |
|
|
$ |
9.24 |
Granted |
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
36 |
|
|
|
4.93 |
|
526 |
|
|
|
9.95 |
Vested |
(93 |
) |
|
|
8.96 |
|
(98 |
) |
|
|
8.20 |
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
12.58 |
Forfeited |
(26 |
) |
|
|
8.47 |
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
10.24 |
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
7.50 |
End of year |
328 |
|
|
$ |
9.93 |
|
447 |
|
|
$ |
9.64 |
|
574 |
|
|
$ |
9.76 |
|
F-55
Note 12 – Share-Based Compensation
(continued)
Restricted Stock Units
In May 2008, 480,000
RSUs were granted to certain officers and directors. Each RSU entitles the
recipient to receive a share of common stock when the RSU vests.
RSU activity for the
years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 is presented below (number of RSUs in thousands):
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
Number |
|
Average |
|
of |
|
Grant-date |
|
of |
|
Grant-date |
|
RSUs |
|
Fair Value |
|
RSUs |
|
Fair Value |
Outstanding: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year |
197 |
|
|
$ |
9.88 |
|
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
Granted |
36 |
|
|
|
5.20 |
|
480 |
|
|
|
9.88 |
Vested |
(78 |
) |
|
|
9.20 |
|
(76 |
) |
|
|
9.88 |
Forfeited |
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
(207 |
) |
|
|
9.88 |
End of year |
155 |
|
|
$ |
9.14 |
|
197 |
|
|
$ |
9.88 |
|
F-56
Note 12 – Share-Based Compensation
(continued)
Phantom Stock Plan
The Company maintains
a phantom stock plan for certain senior executives. The Phantom Stock Plan
authorizes the grant of up to 300,000 phantom stock units to the extent provided
for in employment agreements with the Company. During the years ended December
31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had such employment arrangements with five of its
executives. As of January 1, 2009, the Company has such employment arrangements
with four of its executives. The arrangements provide for an annual grant of
5,000 shares of phantom stock to each of these executives on the first trading
day of the year. If the Company later enters into other employment arrangements
with other individuals that provide for the granting of phantom stock, those
individuals also will be eligible for grants under the Phantom Stock Plan. No
grants may be made under the Phantom Stock Plan other than under the terms of
employment arrangements with the Company. Each phantom stock unit entitles the
recipient to receive a share of common stock at the individual’s termination of
employment or any other future date specified in the employment agreement. The
phantom stock units are fully vested at all times.
If the Company
declares dividends on its common stock, the dividend amounts with respect to the
phantom stock units will be deemed reinvested in additional units of phantom
stock.
The Board of
Directors of the Company can amend or terminate the Phantom Stock Plan at any
time, except that phantom stock units already granted to any individual cannot
be adversely affected without the individual’s consent. Furthermore, stockholder
approval of an amendment is required if the amendment increases the number of
units subject to the Phantom Stock Plan or otherwise materially amends the
Phantom Stock Plan or if stockholder approval is otherwise required by
applicable law or stock exchange rules. If the Board of Directors does not
terminate the Phantom Stock Plan, it will terminate when all phantom stock units
have been awarded with respect to all 300,000 shares of common stock reserved
for the Phantom Stock Plan.
The following table
summarizes the Company’s phantom stock units activity (number of phantom stock units in thousands):
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
|
Number |
|
Grant- |
|
Number |
|
Grant- |
|
Number |
|
Grant- |
|
|
of |
|
date |
|
of |
|
date |
|
of |
|
date |
|
|
Phantom |
|
Fair Value |
|
Phantom |
|
Fair Value |
|
Phantom |
|
fair value |
|
|
Stock Units |
|
per Unit |
|
Stock Units |
|
per Unit |
|
Stock Units |
|
per Unit |
Outstanding: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year |
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
|
75 |
|
|
|
Granted |
|
20 |
|
$ |
3.70 |
|
25 |
|
|
$ |
11.42 |
|
25 |
|
$ |
13.75 |
Redeemed for |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
common stock |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
(25 |
) |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
End of year |
|
120 |
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
Available for |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
future grants |
|
145 |
|
|
|
|
165 |
|
|
|
|
|
190 |
|
|
|
|
F-57
Note 12 – Share-Based Compensation
(continued)
Employee Stock Plans
The Company has
employee stock plans which have 305,126 shares of common stock available for
issuance at December 31, 2009. Employee stock grants are restricted at the date
of grant and vest over periods of three to five years. Restrictions imposed upon
the grantee are at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of
Directors. Most grants, and all present restricted shares outstanding under
these plans, are only subject to a vesting condition.
There were zero,
4,000, and 9,000 unvested shares of restricted stock outstanding at December 31,
2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. No restricted stock was granted during the
years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 pursuant to these plans. No shares
of restricted stock were forfeited during the years ended December 31, 2009,
2008, or 2007.
F-58
Note 13 – Commitments and
Contingencies
Leases
The Company uses
various leased facilities and equipment in its operations. In the normal course
of business, operating leases are generally renewed or replaced by other leases.
Certain operating leases include escalation clauses.
Total rental expense
under operating leases was $29,631,000, $32,664,000, and $35,244,000 for the
years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Future minimum lease
payments for operating leases with initial or remaining noncancelable lease
terms in excess of one year are as follows (in thousands):
2010 |
$ |
23,402 |
2011 |
|
18,066 |
2012 |
|
14,762 |
2013 |
|
11,399 |
2014 |
|
11,278 |
Thereafter |
|
30,673 |
Environmental Matters
The Company is
subject to various federal, state, local, and foreign laws and regulations
governing environmental matters, including the use, discharge, and disposal of
hazardous materials. The Company’s manufacturing facilities are believed to be
in substantial compliance with current laws and regulations. Complying with
current laws and regulations has not had a material adverse effect on the
Company’s financial condition.
The Company has
engaged environmental consultants and attorneys to assist management in
evaluating potential liabilities related to environmental matters. Management
assesses the input from these consultants along with other information known to
the Company in its effort to continually monitor these potential liabilities.
Management assesses its environmental exposure on a site-by-site basis,
including those sites where the Company has been named as a “potentially
responsible party.” Such assessments include the Company’s share of remediation
costs, information known to the Company concerning the size of the hazardous
waste sites, their years of operation, and the number of past users and their
financial viability.
The Company has
accrued environmental liabilities of $12.5 million as of December 31, 2009
relating to environmental matters related to its General Semiconductor
subsidiary. The Company has also accrued approximately $9.3 million at December
31, 2009 for other environmental matters. The liabilities recorded for these
matters total $21.8 million, of which $5.7 million is included in other accrued
liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet, and $16.1 million is included in
other noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.
While the ultimate
outcome of these matters cannot be determined, management does not believe that
the final disposition of these matters will have a material adverse effect on
the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash
flows beyond the amounts previously provided for in the consolidated financial
statements. The Company’s present and past facilities have been in operation for
many years. These facilities have used substances and have generated and
disposed of wastes which are or might be considered hazardous. Therefore, it is
possible that additional environmental issues may arise in the future, which the
Company cannot now predict.
Litigation
The Company is a
party to various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business.
The Company is of the opinion that these litigations or claims will not have a
material negative effect on its consolidated financial position, results of
operations, or cash flows.
F-59
Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies
(continued)
Semiconductor Foundry Agreements
Our Siliconix
subsidiary maintains long-term foundry agreements with subcontractors to ensure
access to external front-end capacity.
In 2004, Siliconix
signed a definitive long-term foundry agreement for semiconductor manufacturing
with Tower Semiconductor (the “2004 agreement”), pursuant to which Siliconix
would purchase semiconductor wafers from and transfer certain technology to
Tower Semiconductor. Pursuant to the 2004 agreement, Siliconix was required to
place orders valued at approximately $200 million for the purchase of
semiconductor wafers to be manufactured in Tower’s Fab 1 facility over a seven
to ten year period. The 2004 agreement specified minimum quantities per month
and a fixed quantity for the term of the agreement. Siliconix was required to
pay for any short-fall in minimum order quantities specified under the agreement
through the payment of penalties equal to unavoidable fixed costs.
Pursuant to the 2004
agreement, Siliconix advanced $20 million to Tower in 2004, to be used for the
purchase of additional equipment required to satisfy Siliconix’s orders. This
advance was considered a prepayment on future wafer purchases, reducing the per
wafer cost to Siliconix over the term of the agreement.
During 2007,
Siliconix was committed to purchase approximately $22 million of semiconductor
wafers, but did not meet its commitments due to changing market demand for
products manufactured using wafers supplied by Tower. Siliconix was required to
pay penalties of approximately $1.7 million, which were recorded as a component
of cost of products sold.
In January 2008,
Siliconix reached an agreement in principle to revise the 2004 agreement to more
accurately reflect market demand. Based on the penalties paid in 2007 and the
agreement in principle, during the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company recorded
a write-off of the balance of the 2004 advance to Tower in the amount of
$16,393,000, and accrued an additional $2,500,000 based on its best estimate of
additional contract termination charges related to the original
agreement.
At December 31, 2007,
the remaining future purchase commitments under the 2004 agreement were
approximately $160 million.
In March 2008,
Siliconix and Tower entered into an amended and restated foundry agreement (the
“2008 agreement”). Pursuant to the 2008 agreement, Tower continued to
manufacture wafers covered by the 2004 agreement, but at lower quantities and at
lower prices, through 2009. Tower also manufactures wafers for other product
lines acquired as part of the PCS acquisition through 2012. Siliconix must pay
for any short-fall in the reduced minimum order quantities specified under the
2008 agreement through the payment of penalties equal to unavoidable fixed
costs. Additionally, as contemplated, Siliconix agreed to forgive the balance of
the 2004 advance and paid a $2,500,000 contract termination charge.
The foundry agreement
with Tower was further amended in March 2009, further reducing the quantity of
commitments. As consideration, Siliconix paid $3,000,000 to Tower, which was
recorded as a component of cost of products sold. A portion of this payment may
be refunded if orders exceed the minimum order commitment.
Management estimates
its purchase commitments under the 2008 agreement as follows (in thousands):
2010 |
28,693 |
2011 |
18,242 |
2012 |
18,205 |
Siliconix has granted
Tower an option to produce additional wafers under this agreement, as needed by
Siliconix, and accordingly, actual purchases from Tower may be different than
the commitments disclosed above. Actual purchases from Tower during the year
ended December 31, 2009 were approximately $31.3 million.
F-60
Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies
(continued)
Other Purchase Commitments
Certain metals used
in the manufacture of the Company’s products are traded on active markets, and
can be subject to significant price volatility. Our policy is to enter into
short-term commitments to purchase defined portions of annual consumption of
these metals if market prices decline below budget. For much of 2008, these
metals were trading near all-time record-high prices. During the fourth quarter
of 2008, as metals prices declined significantly from these record-high prices,
the Company entered into commitments to purchase a portion of its estimated 2009
metals needs, principally for copper and palladium. After entering into these
commitments, the market prices for these metals continued to decline. As a
result, the Company recorded losses on these adverse purchase commitments during
the fourth quarter of 2008. These losses, which aggregate to $6,024,000, are
recorded on a separate line in the accompanying consolidated statement of
operations, and are attributable to both the Semiconductors segment ($3,766,000)
and the Passive Components segment ($2,258,000).
The Company has
various other purchase commitments incidental to the ordinary conduct of
business. Such commitments are at prices which are not in excess of current
market prices.
Product Quality Claims
The Company is a
party to various product quality claims in the normal course of business. The
Company provides warranties for its products which offer replacement of
defective products. Annual warranty expenses are generally not significant. The
Company periodically receives claims which arise from consequential damages
which result from a customer’s installation of an alleged defective Vishay
component into the customer’s product. Although not covered by its stated
warranty, Vishay may occasionally reimburse the customer for these consequential
damages.
F-61
Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies
(continued)
Executive Employment Agreements
The Company has
employment agreements with certain of its senior executives. These employment
agreements provide incremental compensation in the event of termination. The
Company does not provide any severance or other benefits specifically upon a
change in control.
With the exception of
the employment arrangement with Dr. Felix Zandman, Executive Chairman, Chief
Technical and Business Development Officer, and founder of the Company, the
executive employment contracts contain severance provisions providing generally
for 3 years of compensation in the case of a termination without cause or a
voluntary termination by the executive for “good reason” (as defined in the
employment agreements). Specifically, severance items include:
- salary continuation for three
years, payable over three years;
- 5,000 shares of common stock annually for three years;
- bonus for the year of
termination;
- $1,500,000 lump sum cash payment. This payment replaces the annual
contributions to the Company’s deferred compensation plans on behalf of these
executives and the annual bonus for the 3-year severance period; and
- lifetime continuation of
executive’s life insurance and medical benefit up to $15,000 annual premium
value.
During the year ended
December 31, 2008, the Board of Directors was notified that Richard N. Grubb,
the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, would be stepping down for “good reason”
(as defined in his employment agreement), in connection with a change in the
corporate finance and accounting function of the Company. The Company recorded
severance charges associated with Mr. Grubb’s termination during 2008. These
costs are reported in “restructuring and severance costs” on the consolidated
statement of operations.
On May 13, 2009, the
Company entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Dr. Felix
Zandman (the “2009 Agreement”). This agreement amends and restates the existing
employment agreement between the Company and Dr. Zandman that was previously
amended and restated as of January 1, 2004 (the “2004 Agreement”).
The purpose of the
2009 Agreement was to eliminate the right of Dr. Zandman to receive a royalty
during the ten years following his termination of employment equal to 5% of
gross sales, less returns and allowances, of Vishay products incorporating
inventions and any other form of technology created, discovered or developed by
him or under his direction. The royalty was payable in the event Dr. Zandman was
terminated without “cause” or resigned for “good reason,” as defined in the 2004
Agreement. This provision was carried over from Dr. Zandman’s original
employment agreement of March 1985, and could not be modified or eliminated
without Dr. Zandman’s consent. It was a reflection, among other things, of Dr.
Zandman’s key role in the founding of the Company and in creating, developing
and commercializing the Company’s technologies and the absence of any
compensation to Dr. Zandman for the core intellectual property that he has
contributed to the Company over the years from its inception.
The Company engaged a
consultant in 2007 to assist its evaluation of the royalties to which Dr.
Zandman would be entitled were his employment to be terminated. Based in part
upon the work of this consultant and management’s own updated computations,
management estimated that the present value of the royalties to which Dr.
Zandman would be entitled were his employment terminated at December 31, 2008
would be between approximately $370 million and $445 million, with a possible
tax gross-up if the royalties were payable in connection with a change of
control and deemed subject to an excise tax. (This present value does not factor
in any assessment of the probability of payment.)
F-62
Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies
(continued)
Pursuant to the 2009
Agreement, Dr. Zandman’s right to the royalty payments has been terminated. Dr.
Zandman received a payment of $10 million as of the effective date of the
amended and restated agreement, and is entitled to receive five additional
annual payments of $10 million each. The Company recognized compensation expense
of $57.8 million during the second quarter of 2009, representing the present
value of these payments. This amount is presented on a separate line in the
accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized no
tax benefit associated with the executive employment agreement charge. At
December 31, 2009, the Company had $38.3 million and $10.0 million accrued in
other liabilities and other accrued expenses, respectively.
Payments pursuant to
the 2009 Agreement may be deferred with interest in the event that making such
payment would jeopardize the ability of the Company to continue as a going
concern. Payments will accelerate if, following a change of control of the
Company, Dr. Zandman is terminated without cause or if he terminates employment
for good reason. In the event of Dr. Zandman’s death or disability, the unpaid
annual installments would accelerate upon a change of control, whether it occurs
before or after the death or disability. If an excise tax were imposed under
Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code due to the acceleration of the
payments, the Company will reimburse Dr. Zandman for the excise tax on customary
terms. Absent a change of control, if the Company were to terminate Dr.
Zandman’s employment without cause or Dr. Zandman were to terminate employment
for good reason or in the event of his death or disability, the unpaid annual
installment payments would not accelerate and would continue until completed.
Dr. Zandman will forfeit future payments if he terminates his employment without
good reason or if his employment is terminated for cause. Furthermore, as a
result of the 2009 Agreement, Dr. Zandman will not receive any other severance
payments upon his termination of employment for any reason. Other terms of the
2004 Agreement remain substantially the same. Dr. Zandman continues to be
subject to non-competition, non-solicitation, non-disparagement and
confidentiality covenants.
F-63
Note 14 – Current Vulnerability Due to Certain
Concentrations
Market Concentrations
While no single
customer comprises greater than 10% of net revenues, a material portion of the
Company’s revenues are derived from the worldwide communications and computer
markets. These markets have historically experienced wide variations in demand
for end products. If demand for these end products should decrease, the
producers thereof could reduce their purchases of the Company’s products, which
could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and
financial position.
Credit Risk Concentrations
Financial instruments
with potential credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents,
accounts receivable, and notes receivable. The Company maintains cash and cash
equivalents with various major financial institutions. Concentrations of credit
risk with respect to receivables are generally limited due to the Company’s
large number of customers and their dispersion across many countries and
industries. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had no significant
concentrations of credit risk.
Sources of Supplies
Many of the Company’s
products require the use of raw materials that are produced in only a limited
number of regions around the world or are available from only a limited number
of suppliers. The Company’s consolidated results of operations may be materially
and adversely affected if the Company has difficulty obtaining these raw
materials, the quality of available raw materials deteriorates or there are
significant price increases for these raw materials. For periods in which the
prices of these raw materials are rising, the Company may be unable to pass on
the increased cost to the Company’s customers, which would result in decreased
margins for the products in which they are used. For periods in which the prices
are declining, the Company may be required to write down its inventory carrying
cost of these raw materials which, depending on the extent of the difference
between market price and its carrying cost, could have a material adverse effect
on the Company’s net earnings.
From time to time,
there have been short-term market shortages of raw materials utilized by the
Company. While these shortages have not historically adversely affected the
Company’s ability to increase production of products containing these raw
materials, they have historically resulted in higher raw material costs for the
Company. The Company cannot assure that any of these market shortages in the
future would not adversely affect the Company’s ability to increase production,
particularly during periods of growing demand for the Company’s products.
Tantalum
Vishay is a major
consumer of the world’s annual production of tantalum. Tantalum, a metal
purchased in powder or wire form, is the principal material used in the
manufacture of tantalum capacitors. There are few suppliers that process
tantalum ore into capacitor grade tantalum powder.
The Company was
obligated under two contracts entered into in 2000 with Cabot Corporation to
make purchases of tantalum through 2006. The Company’s purchase commitments were
entered into at a time when market demand for tantalum capacitors was high and
tantalum powder was in short supply. Since that time, the price of tantalum has
decreased significantly, and accordingly, the Company wrote down the carrying
value of its tantalum inventory on-hand and recognized losses on purchase
commitments. As of December 31, 2006, the Company has fulfilled all obligations
under the Cabot contracts and is no longer required to purchase tantalum from
Cabot at prices fixed by the contracts.
F-64
Note 14 – Current Vulnerability Due to Certain
Concentrations (continued)
Our minimum tantalum
purchase commitments under the contracts with Cabot exceeded our production
requirements for tantalum capacitors over the term of the contract. Tantalum
powder and wire have an indefinite shelf life; therefore, we believe that we
will eventually use all of the material in our inventory. At December 31, 2009
and 2008, the Company had tantalum with a book value of $32,578,000 and
$46,750,000, respectively. Of these amounts, the Company classified $13,032,000
and $19,700,000, respectively, as other assets, representing the value of
quantities which are not expected to be used within one year.
Geographic Concentration
We have operations
outside the United States, and approximately 75% of our revenues during 2009
were derived from sales to customers outside the United States. Some of our
products are produced in countries which are subject to risks of political,
economic, and military instability. This instability could result in wars,
riots, nationalization of industry, currency fluctuations, and labor unrest.
These conditions could have an adverse impact on our ability to operate in these
regions and, depending on the extent and severity of these conditions, could
materially and adversely affect our overall financial condition and operating
results.
Our business has been
in operation in Israel for 39 years. We have never experienced any material
interruption in our operations attributable to these factors, in spite of
several Middle East crises, including wars. However, we might be adversely
affected if events were to occur in the Middle East that interfered with our
operations in Israel.
F-65
Note 15 – Segment and Geographic
Data
Vishay operates in
two reportable segments, Semiconductors and Passive Components. Semiconductors
segment products include transistors, diodes, rectifiers, certain types of
integrated circuits, and optoelectronic products. Passive Components segment
products include resistors, capacitors, and inductors. We include in the Passive
Components segment our Measurements Group, which manufactures and markets strain
gages, load cells, transducers, instruments, and weighing systems whose core
components are resistors that are sensitive to various types of mechanical
stress. On October 27, 2009, Vishay announced that it intends to spin-off its
measurements and foil resistors businesses into an independent, publicly-traded
company to be named Vishay Precision Group, Inc.
The Company evaluates
business segment performance on operating income, exclusive of certain items
(“segment operating income”). Management believes that evaluating segment
performance excluding items such as restructuring and severance costs, asset
write-downs, inventory write-downs, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible
asset impairments, gains or losses on purchase commitments, and other items is
meaningful because it provides insight with respect to intrinsic operating
results of the Company. These items, and unallocated corporate expenses,
represent reconciling items between segment operating income and consolidated
operating income. Business segment assets are the owned or allocated assets used
by each business. The following table sets forth business segment information
(in thousands):
|
|
Semi- |
|
Passive |
|
Corporate/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
conductors |
|
Components |
|
Other |
|
Total |
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
1,004,926 |
|
|
$ |
1,037,107 |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
2,042,033 |
|
Segment operating income
(loss) |
|
|
(3,251 |
) |
|
|
56,358 |
|
|
(92,292 |
) |
|
|
(39,185 |
) |
Restructuring and severance costs |
|
|
15,479 |
|
|
|
22,395 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
37,874 |
|
Asset write-downs |
|
|
681 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
681 |
|
Depreciation expense |
|
|
112,157 |
|
|
|
93,522 |
|
|
330 |
|
|
|
206,009 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
288 |
|
|
|
976 |
|
|
9,057 |
|
|
|
10,321 |
|
Capital expenditures |
|
|
26,236 |
|
|
|
23,874 |
|
|
230 |
|
|
|
50,340 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
1,221,097 |
|
|
|
1,450,126 |
|
|
48,323 |
|
|
|
2,719,546 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
1,460,826 |
|
|
$ |
1,361,385 |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
2,822,211 |
|
Segment operating income
(loss) |
|
|
106,198 |
|
|
|
74,954 |
|
|
(1,829,848 |
) |
|
|
(1,648,696 |
) |
Restructuring and severance costs |
|
|
24,105 |
|
|
|
38,432 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
62,537 |
|
Asset write-downs |
|
|
613 |
|
|
|
4,460 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
5,073 |
|
Impairment of goodwill |
|
|
1,043,952 |
|
|
|
652,222 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,696,174 |
|
Impairment of indefinite-lived
intangibles |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
12,000 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
27,000 |
|
Depreciation expense |
|
|
109,453 |
|
|
|
90,047 |
|
|
347 |
|
|
|
199,847 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
562 |
|
|
|
1,676 |
|
|
36,430 |
|
|
|
38,668 |
|
Capital expenditures |
|
|
92,557 |
|
|
|
59,375 |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
151,994 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
1,301,963 |
|
|
|
1,465,866 |
|
|
48,131 |
|
|
|
2,815,960 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
1,489,600 |
|
|
$ |
1,343,666 |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
2,833,266 |
|
Segment operating income
(loss) |
|
|
164,380 |
|
|
|
116,038 |
|
|
(62,050 |
) |
|
|
218,368 |
|
Restructuring and severance costs |
|
|
1,759 |
|
|
|
12,922 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
14,681 |
|
Asset write-downs |
|
|
2,665 |
|
|
|
1,204 |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
3,869 |
|
Depreciation expense |
|
|
102,557 |
|
|
|
91,766 |
|
|
2,241 |
|
|
|
196,564 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
426 |
|
|
|
545 |
|
|
51,005 |
|
|
|
51,976 |
|
Capital expenditures |
|
|
124,498 |
|
|
|
69,876 |
|
|
5,653 |
|
|
|
200,027 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
2,693,668 |
|
|
|
2,209,724 |
|
|
91,843 |
|
|
|
4,995,235 |
|
F-66
Note 15 –Segment and Geographic Data
(continued)
Corporate assets
include corporate cash, property and equipment, and certain other assets. The
“Corporate/Other” column for segment operating income (loss) includes corporate
selling, general, and administrative expenses and certain items which management
excludes from segment results when evaluating segment performance, as follows
(in thousands):
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Corporate selling, general, and
administrative expenses |
|
$ |
(24,108 |
) |
|
$ |
(33,550 |
) |
|
$ |
(27,725 |
) |
Loss on purchase commitments |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(6,024 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Restructuring and severance
costs |
|
|
(37,874 |
) |
|
|
(62,537 |
) |
|
|
(14,681 |
) |
Asset write-downs |
|
|
(681 |
) |
|
|
(5,073 |
) |
|
|
(3,869 |
) |
Impairment of goodwill and
intangibles |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,723,174 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Terminated tender offer costs |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(4,000 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Contract termination charge |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(18,893 |
) |
Gain on sale of building |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
4,510 |
|
|
|
3,118 |
|
Settlement agreement gain |
|
|
28,195 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Executive employment agreement charge |
|
|
(57,824 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
$ |
(92,292 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,829,848 |
) |
|
$ |
(62,050 |
) |
F-67
Note 15 –Segment and Geographic Data
(continued)
The following
geographic data include net revenues based on revenues generated by subsidiaries
located within that geographic area and property and equipment based on physical
location (in thousands):
Net Revenues
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
United States |
|
$ |
312,262 |
|
$ |
446,510 |
|
$ |
482,395 |
Germany |
|
|
544,364 |
|
|
775,394 |
|
|
803,233 |
Other Europe |
|
|
195,212 |
|
|
313,331 |
|
|
284,730 |
Israel |
|
|
212,483 |
|
|
254,361 |
|
|
228,258 |
Asia |
|
|
777,712 |
|
|
1,032,615 |
|
|
1,034,650 |
|
|
$ |
2,042,033 |
|
$ |
2,822,211 |
|
$ |
2,833,266 |
|
Property and Equipment - Net
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
United States |
|
$ |
143,647 |
|
$ |
172,319 |
Germany |
|
|
134,779 |
|
|
156,042 |
Czech Republic |
|
|
65,987 |
|
|
72,847 |
Other Europe |
|
|
116,692 |
|
|
129,315 |
Israel |
|
|
157,572 |
|
|
189,573 |
People's Republic of China |
|
|
192,346 |
|
|
220,234 |
Republic of China (Taiwan) |
|
|
119,550 |
|
|
126,120 |
Other Asia |
|
|
77,870 |
|
|
93,810 |
Other |
|
|
1,813 |
|
|
1,902 |
|
|
$ |
1,010,256 |
|
$ |
1,162,162 |
|
F-68
Note 16 – Earnings Per
Share
Basic earnings per
share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding
during the periods presented. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the
weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted to include the
potentially dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units (see
Note 12), warrants (see Note 7), convertible debt instruments (see Note 6), and
other potentially dilutive securities.
The following table
sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable
to Vishay stockholders (in thousands, except per share amounts):
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
|
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,684,393 |
) |
|
$ |
117,027 |
|
Loss from discontinued
operations |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(47,826 |
) |
|
|
(9,587 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
|
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
$ |
107,440 |
|
|
Adjustment to the numerator for
continuing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
operations and net earnings (loss): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest savings assuming conversion of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
dilutive convertible and exchangeable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
notes, net of tax |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
3,634 |
|
|
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss)
per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing
operations |
|
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,684,393 |
) |
|
$ |
120,661 |
|
Loss from discontinued operations |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(47,826 |
) |
|
|
(9,587 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
|
$ |
(57,188 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,732,219 |
) |
|
$ |
111,074 |
|
|
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares |
|
|
186,605 |
|
|
|
186,403 |
|
|
|
185,646 |
|
|
Effect of dilutive securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible and exchangeable
notes |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,176 |
|
Employee stock options |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
423 |
|
Other |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
106 |
|
Dilutive potential common shares |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,705 |
|
|
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss)
per share - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adjusted weighted average
shares |
|
|
186,605 |
|
|
|
186,403 |
|
|
|
192,351 |
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share
attributable to Vishay stockholders:* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations |
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.04 |
) |
|
$ |
0.63 |
|
Discontinued operations |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.29 |
) |
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
attributable to Vishay stockholders:* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations |
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.04 |
) |
|
$ |
0.63 |
|
Discontinued operations |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
|
$ |
(0.31 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.29 |
) |
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
____________________
* May not add
due to rounding
F-69
Note 16 – Earnings Per Share
(continued)
Diluted earnings per
share for the years presented do not reflect the following weighted average
potential common shares, as the effect would be antidilutive (in thousands):
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Convertible and exchangeable
notes: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible Subordinated
Notes, due 2023 |
|
87 |
|
13,906 |
|
23,450 |
Exchangeable Unsecured Notes, due 2102 |
|
6,176 |
|
6,176 |
|
- |
Weighted average employee stock options |
|
3,615 |
|
4,357 |
|
3,849 |
Weighted average warrants |
|
8,824 |
|
8,824 |
|
8,824 |
Weighted average other |
|
294 |
|
345 |
|
- |
In periods in which
they are dilutive, if the potential common shares related to the convertible and
exchangeable notes are included in the computation, the related interest
savings, net of tax, assuming conversion/exchange is added to the net earnings
used to compute earnings per share.
The convertible
subordinated notes, due 2023 are only convertible upon the occurrence of certain
events. While none of these events has occurred as of December 31, 2009, certain
conditions which could trigger conversion have been deemed to be
non-substantive, and accordingly, the Company has always assumed the conversion
of these notes in its diluted earnings per share computation during periods in
which they are dilutive.
As described in Note
6, in June 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted a resolution pursuant
to which the Company intends to waive its rights to settle the principal amount
of the convertible subordinated notes, due 2023, in shares of Vishay common
stock. Accordingly, the notes are included in the diluted earnings per share
computation using the “treasury stock method” (similar to options and warrants)
rather than the “if converted method” otherwise required for convertible debt.
Under the “treasury stock method,” Vishay calculates the number of shares
issuable under the terms of the notes based on the average market price of
Vishay common stock during the period, and that number is included in the total
diluted shares figure for the period. If the average market price is less than
$21.28, no shares will be included in the diluted earnings per share
computation. For the year ended December 31, 2007, the computation of diluted
earnings per share is weighted for the periods that the notes were considered
conventional convertible debt and for the period the notes were considered net
share settlement securities.
As described in Note
6, the Company purchased 99.6% of the outstanding convertible subordinated notes
due 2023 pursuant to the option of the holders to require the Company to
repurchase their notes on August 1, 2008. The convertible subordinated notes are
anti-dilutive for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and therefore are
not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share.
F-70
Note 17 – Additional Cash Flow
Information
Changes in operating
assets and liabilities, net of effects of businesses acquired consists of the
following (in thousands):
|
|
Years ended December
31, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Accounts receivable |
|
|
29,055 |
|
|
$ |
126,084 |
|
|
$ |
(63,248 |
) |
Inventories |
|
|
79,415 |
|
|
|
(9,192 |
) |
|
|
31,907 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current
assets |
|
|
43,549 |
|
|
|
(6,555 |
) |
|
|
(35,799 |
) |
Accounts payable |
|
|
12,838 |
|
|
|
(67,301 |
) |
|
|
8,934 |
|
Other current liabilities |
|
|
(55,060 |
) |
|
|
(72,833 |
) |
|
|
(19,120 |
) |
Net change in operating assets and liabilities |
|
$ |
109,797 |
|
|
$ |
(29,797 |
) |
|
$ |
(77,326 |
) |
|
F-71
Note 18
– Fair Value Measurements
Vishay adopted SFAS
No. 157 (ASC Topic 820) for financial assets and liabilities as of January 1,
2008, and for nonfinancial assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2009. The
adoption did not have a material effect on the Business’s financial position,
results of operations, or liquidity.
The guidance
establishes a valuation hierarchy of the inputs used to measure fair value. This
hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair
value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those
three levels:
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active
markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the
asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices
for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for
identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions.
An asset or
liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the
lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The following table
provides the financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on
a recurring basis as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands):
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Level 1 |
|
Level 2 |
|
Level 3 |
Assets held in rabbi trusts |
|
$ |
27,462 |
|
$ |
7,389 |
|
$ |
20,073 |
|
$ |
- |
U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities |
|
$ |
118,685 |
|
|
118,685 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
Fixed income
securities |
|
$ |
90,564 |
|
|
58,121 |
|
|
32,443 |
|
|
- |
Real Estate Investment Trust securities |
|
$ |
7,392 |
|
|
7,392 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities |
|
$ |
7,506 |
|
|
7,506 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
Fixed income
securities |
|
$ |
11,922 |
|
|
11,922 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
15,334 |
|
|
15,334 |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
$ |
278,865 |
|
$ |
226,349 |
|
$ |
52,516 |
|
$ |
- |
|
The Company maintains
non-qualified trusts, referred to as “rabbi” trusts, to fund payments under
deferred compensation and non-qualified pension plans. Rabbi trust assets
consist primarily of marketable securities, classified as available-for-sale and
company-owned life insurance assets. The marketable securities held in the rabbi
trusts are valued using quoted market prices on the last business day of the
year. The Company-owned life insurance assets are valued in consultation with
the Company’s insurance brokers using the value of underlying assets of the
insurance contracts. The fair value measurement of the marketable securities
held in the rabbi trust is considered a Level 1 measurement and the measurement
of the Company-owned life insurance assets is considered a Level 2 measurement
within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the assets held in rabbi
trusts as of December 31, 2008 was $21.3 million.
F-72
Note 18 – Fair Value Measurements
(continued)
The Company maintains
defined benefit retirement plans in certain of its U.S. and non-U.S.
subsidiaries. The assets of the plans are measured at fair value.
Equity securities
held by the U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of various mutual
funds that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of
the year. The fair value measurement of the mutual funds is considered a Level 1
measurement within the fair value hierarchy.
Fixed income
securities held by the U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of
investments in bond funds that are valued at quoted market prices on the last
business day of the year, an investment in guaranteed insurance contracts that
are valued based on a discounted cash flow model using observable
market-corroborated inputs, and an investment in a short-term investment fund
that strictly invests in short-term investments, including commercial paper,
certificates of deposit, U.S. government agency and instrumentality obligations,
U.S. government obligations, corporate notes, and funding agreements. The
maturity date of all investments held by the short-term investment fund is
within one year from the financial statement date. The fair value of the
short-term investment fund has been estimated using the net asset value per
share of the investment. There are no redemption restrictions on the plan’s
investment. The fair value measurement of the bond funds is considered a Level 1
measurement, the measurement of the guaranteed insurance contract is considered
a Level 2 measurement, and the measurement of the short-term investment fund is
considered a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.
Real estate
investments held by the U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of real
estate investment trust securities that are valued at quoted market prices on
the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the real estate
investments is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.
Equity securities
held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of equity
securities that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business
day of the year. The fair value measurement of the equity securities is
considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.
Fixed income
securities held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of
government bonds and corporate notes that are valued based on quoted market
prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the
fixed income securities is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair
value hierarchy.
Cash held by the
non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consists of deposits on account in
various financial institutions. The carrying amount of the cash approximates its
fair value.
The fair value of the
long-term debt at December 31, 2009 and 2008 is approximately $280.6 million and
$249.8 million, respectively, compared to its carrying value of $336.1 and
$346.7 million, respectively. The Company estimates the fair value of its
long-term debt using a combination of quoted market prices for similar financing
arrangements and expected future payments discounted at risk-adjusted rates,
which are considered level 2 inputs.
The Company’s
financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable,
long-term notes receivable, short-term notes payable, and accounts payable. The
carrying amounts for these financial instruments reported in the consolidated
balance sheets approximate their fair values.
F-73
Note 19 – Summary of Quarterly Financial
Information (Unaudited)
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
First |
|
Second |
|
Third |
|
Fourth |
|
First |
|
Second |
|
Third |
|
Fourth |
Statement of Operations
data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
449,511 |
|
|
$ |
460,258 |
|
|
$ |
525,304 |
|
|
$ |
606,960 |
|
|
$ |
733,313 |
|
|
$ |
774,364 |
|
|
$ |
739,092 |
|
|
$ |
575,442 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
68,024 |
|
|
|
78,774 |
|
|
|
104,367 |
|
|
|
136,996 |
|
|
|
172,463 |
|
|
|
179,719 |
|
|
|
159,501 |
|
|
|
85,284 |
|
Operating income (loss) |
|
|
(38,363 |
) |
|
|
(46,697 |
) |
|
|
11,222 |
|
|
|
34,653 |
|
|
|
31,003 |
|
|
|
(750,211 |
) |
|
|
(322,109 |
) |
|
|
(607,379 |
) |
Income (loss) from |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
continuing operations |
|
|
(29,054 |
) |
|
|
(58,709 |
) |
|
|
2,509 |
|
|
|
28,739 |
|
|
|
11,918 |
|
|
|
(747,627 |
) |
|
|
(301,191 |
) |
|
|
(646,775 |
) |
Loss from discontinued operations |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(42,136 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(5,690 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) attributable
to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
noncontrolling interests |
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
156 |
|
|
|
186 |
|
|
|
258 |
|
|
|
478 |
|
|
|
269 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
(173 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) attributable to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vishay stockholders |
|
|
(29,127 |
) |
|
|
(58,865 |
) |
|
|
2,323 |
|
|
|
28,481 |
|
|
|
(30,696 |
) |
|
|
(747,896 |
) |
|
|
(301,335 |
) |
|
|
(652,292 |
) |
|
Per Share Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share (a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing operations |
|
$ |
(0.16 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.32 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
(4.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.62 |
) |
|
$ |
(3.47 |
) |
Discontinued
operations |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.23 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
Net
earnings (loss) |
|
$ |
(0.16 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.32 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
(0.16 |
) |
|
$ |
(4.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.62 |
) |
|
$ |
(3.50 |
) |
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuing
operations |
|
$ |
(0.16 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.32 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
(4.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.62 |
) |
|
$ |
(3.47 |
) |
Discontinued operations |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.23 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
Net earnings (loss) |
|
$ |
(0.16 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.32 |
) |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
(0.16 |
) |
|
$ |
(4.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.62 |
) |
|
$ |
(3.50 |
) |
|
Certain Items Recorded during the
Quarters: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
profit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on purchase commitments |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(6,024 |
) |
|
Operating income (loss): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restructuring and severance costs |
|
$ |
(18,933 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,090 |
) |
|
$ |
(3,478 |
) |
|
$ |
(3,373 |
) |
|
$ |
(18,202 |
) |
|
$ |
(8,909 |
) |
|
$ |
(6,849 |
) |
|
$ |
(28,577 |
) |
Asset write-downs |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(681 |
) |
|
|
(4,195 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(878 |
) |
Impairment of goodwill and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
indefinite-lived
intangibles |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(800,000 |
) |
|
|
(357,917 |
) |
|
|
(565,257 |
) |
Terminated tender offer
expenses |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(4,000 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Gains on sale of building |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
4,510 |
|
Settlement agreement gain |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
28,195 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Executive employment agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
charge |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(57,824 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Contract termination charge |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
One-time tax expense |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(9,921 |
) |
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
(27,014 |
) |
|
Quarter end date (b) |
|
|
Mar. 28 |
|
|
|
June 27 |
|
|
|
Sept. 26 |
|
|
|
Dec. 31 |
|
|
|
Mar. 29 |
|
|
|
June 28 |
|
|
|
Sept. 27 |
|
|
|
Dec. 31 |
|
(a) May not add due
to rounding.
(b) The Company
reports interim financial information for 13-week periods beginning on a Sunday
and ending on a Saturday, except for the first fiscal quarter, which always
begins on January 1, and the fourth fiscal quarter, which always ends on
December 31.
F-74