LM_10Q_9.30.2011
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[x] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition period from | | | | to | |
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Commission file number: 1-8529 |
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LEGG MASON, INC. |
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
| | |
MARYLAND | | 52-1200960 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| | |
100 International Drive - Baltimore, MD | | 21202 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip code) |
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(410) 539-0000 |
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) |
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(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer | X | | Accelerated filer | |
Non-accelerated filer | | (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
139,772,775 shares of common stock as of the close of business on November 3, 2011.
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PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
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Item 1. | Financial Statements |
LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2011 | | March 31, 2011 |
ASSETS |
Current Assets | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 1,093,644 |
| | $ | 1,375,918 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents of consolidated investment vehicles | | 18,393 |
| | 37,153 |
|
Restricted cash | | 5,683 |
| | 9,253 |
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Receivables: | | | | |
Investment advisory and related fees | | 326,173 |
| | 366,571 |
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Other | | 73,932 |
| | 29,466 |
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Investment securities | | 386,228 |
| | 400,510 |
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Investment securities of consolidated investment vehicles | | 58,312 |
| | 82,829 |
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Deferred income taxes | | 82,429 |
| | 82,174 |
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Other | | 55,735 |
| | 59,700 |
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Other current assets of consolidated investment vehicles | | 4,394 |
| | 2,982 |
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Total current assets | | 2,104,923 |
| | 2,446,556 |
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Fixed assets, net | | 266,302 |
| | 286,705 |
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Intangible assets, net | | 3,865,477 |
| | 3,876,775 |
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Goodwill | | 1,282,048 |
| | 1,311,652 |
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Investments of consolidated investment vehicles | | 292,795 |
| | 312,765 |
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Deferred income taxes | | 197,524 |
| | 232,394 |
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Other | | 241,466 |
| | 239,210 |
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Other assets of consolidated investment vehicles | | 8,614 |
| | 1,699 |
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Total Assets | | $ | 8,259,149 |
| | $ | 8,707,756 |
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| | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | |
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Liabilities | | |
| | |
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Current Liabilities | | |
| | |
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Accrued compensation | | $ | 293,553 |
| | $ | 368,164 |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | 189,440 |
| | 207,870 |
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Short-term borrowings | | 250,000 |
| | 250,000 |
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Current portion of long-term debt | | 1,008 |
| | 792 |
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Other | | 76,134 |
| | 87,393 |
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Other current liabilities of consolidated investment vehicles | | 10,238 |
| | 54,753 |
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Total current liabilities | | 820,373 |
| | 968,972 |
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Deferred compensation | | 60,353 |
| | 92,487 |
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Deferred income taxes | | 247,933 |
| | 266,193 |
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Other | | 140,466 |
| | 90,059 |
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Other liabilities of consolidated investment vehicles | | 4,285 |
| | 3,553 |
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Long-term debt | | 1,116,660 |
| | 1,201,076 |
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Long-term debt of consolidated investment vehicles | | 267,714 |
| | 278,320 |
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Total Liabilities | | 2,657,784 |
| | 2,900,660 |
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| | | | |
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8) | |
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| |
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| | | | |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | | 45,628 |
| | 36,712 |
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| | | | |
Stockholders’ Equity | | | | |
Common stock, par value $.10; authorized 500,000,000 shares; issued 139,762,432 shares and 150,218,810 shares, respectively | | 13,976 |
| | 15,022 |
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Additional paid-in capital | | 3,842,784 |
| | 4,111,095 |
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Employee stock trust | | (35,033 | ) | | (34,466 | ) |
Deferred compensation employee stock trust | | 35,033 |
| | 34,466 |
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Retained earnings | | 1,632,905 |
| | 1,539,984 |
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Appropriated retained earnings of consolidated investment vehicle | | 5,120 |
| | 10,922 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income, net | | 60,952 |
| | 93,361 |
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Total Stockholders’ Equity | | 5,555,737 |
| | 5,770,384 |
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Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | | $ | 8,259,149 |
| | $ | 8,707,756 |
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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended |
| | September 30, | | September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2010 |
Operating Revenues | | | | | | | | |
Investment advisory fees | | | | | | | | |
Separate accounts | | $ | 196,019 |
| | $ | 204,214 |
| | $ | 400,812 |
| | $ | 405,186 |
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Funds | | 376,835 |
| | 357,491 |
| | 776,979 |
| | 710,190 |
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Performance fees | | 9,984 |
| | 19,505 |
| | 28,598 |
| | 42,279 |
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Distribution and service fees | | 85,774 |
| | 92,314 |
| | 177,838 |
| | 188,628 |
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Other | | 1,285 |
| | 1,270 |
| | 2,778 |
| | 2,676 |
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Total operating revenues | | 669,897 |
| | 674,794 |
| | 1,387,005 |
| | 1,348,959 |
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Operating Expenses | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and benefits | | 257,651 |
| | 284,909 |
| | 558,003 |
| | 550,983 |
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Transition-related compensation | | 12,346 |
| | 10,974 |
| | 23,741 |
| | 13,687 |
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Total compensation and benefits | | 269,997 |
| | 295,883 |
| | 581,744 |
| | 564,670 |
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Distribution and servicing | | 160,391 |
| | 165,832 |
| | 341,147 |
| | 350,534 |
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Communications and technology | | 41,571 |
| | 39,314 |
| | 82,072 |
| | 79,290 |
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Occupancy | | 35,700 |
| | 33,492 |
| | 68,938 |
| | 67,167 |
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Amortization of intangible assets | | 5,504 |
| | 5,749 |
| | 11,082 |
| | 11,477 |
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Other | | 49,882 |
| | 46,625 |
| | 94,804 |
| | 85,145 |
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Total operating expenses | | 563,045 |
| | 586,895 |
| | 1,179,787 |
| | 1,158,283 |
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Operating Income | | 106,852 |
| | 87,899 |
| | 207,218 |
| | 190,676 |
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Other Non-Operating Income (Expense) | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | 2,982 |
| | 2,170 |
| | 6,037 |
| | 3,985 |
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Interest expense | | (21,636 | ) | | (24,449 | ) | | (43,997 | ) | | (47,250 | ) |
Other income (expense) | | (35,502 | ) | | 33,189 |
| | (32,099 | ) | | 25,898 |
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Other non-operating income of consolidated investment vehicles, net | | 3,081 |
| | 4,499 |
| | 8,183 |
| | 2,106 |
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Total other non-operating income (expense) | | (51,075 | ) | | 15,409 |
| | (61,876 | ) | | (15,261 | ) |
Income Before Income Tax (Benefit) Provision | | 55,777 |
| | 103,308 |
| | 145,342 |
| | 175,415 |
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Income tax (benefit) provision | | (1,606 | ) | | 26,720 |
| | 26,261 |
| | 53,784 |
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Net Income | | 57,383 |
| | 76,588 |
| | 119,081 |
| | 121,631 |
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Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 719 |
| | 1,253 |
| | 2,465 |
| | (1,635 | ) |
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | 75,335 |
| | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | 123,266 |
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| | | | | | | | |
Net Income per Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. Common Shareholders: | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.39 |
| | $ | 0.50 |
| | $ | 0.80 |
| | $ | 0.79 |
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Diluted | | $ | 0.39 |
| | $ | 0.50 |
| | $ | 0.80 |
| | $ | 0.79 |
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| | | | | | | | |
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding: | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | 143,877 |
| | 151,416 |
| | 146,529 |
| | 155,746 |
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Diluted | | 143,931 |
| | 151,940 |
| | 146,625 |
| | 156,327 |
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| | | | | | | | |
Dividends Declared per Share | | $ | 0.08 |
| | $ | 0.04 |
| | $ | 0.16 |
| | $ | 0.08 |
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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended |
| September 30, | | September 30, |
| 2011 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2010 |
Net Income | $ | 57,383 |
| | $ | 76,588 |
| | $ | 119,081 |
| | $ | 121,631 |
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Other comprehensive income: | | |
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| | | |
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Foreign currency translation adjustment | (46,026 | ) | | 29,588 |
| | (32,666 | ) | | 19,972 |
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Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities: |
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| |
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| | | |
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Unrealized holding gains, net of tax provision of $124, $13, $172 and $56, respectively | 186 |
| | 20 |
| | 253 |
| | 85 |
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Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income | — |
| | — |
| | 4 |
| | (3 | ) |
Net unrealized gains on investment securities | 186 |
| | 20 |
| | 257 |
| | 82 |
|
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | (45,840 | ) | | 29,608 |
| | (32,409 | ) | | 20,054 |
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Comprehensive Income | 11,543 |
| | 106,196 |
| | 86,672 |
| | 141,685 |
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Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 719 |
| | 1,253 |
| | 2,465 |
| | (1,635 | ) |
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | $ | 10,824 |
| | $ | 104,943 |
| | $ | 84,207 |
| | $ | 143,320 |
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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
COMMON STOCK | | | | |
Beginning balance | | $ | 15,022 |
| | $ | 16,144 |
|
Stock options and other stock-based compensation | | 7 |
| | 35 |
|
Deferred compensation employee stock trust | | 4 |
| | 5 |
|
Deferred compensation, net | | 120 |
| | 141 |
|
Exchangeable shares | | — |
| | 110 |
|
Equity Units exchanged | | 183 |
| | — |
|
Shares repurchased and retired | | (1,360 | ) | | (1,139 | ) |
Ending balance | | 13,976 |
| | 15,296 |
|
SHARES EXCHANGEABLE INTO COMMON STOCK | | |
| | |
|
Beginning balance | | — |
| | 2,760 |
|
Exchanges | | — |
| | (2,760 | ) |
Ending balance | | — |
| | — |
|
ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL | | |
| | |
|
Beginning balance | | 4,111,095 |
| | 4,447,612 |
|
Stock options and other stock-based compensation | | 9,800 |
| | 18,438 |
|
Deferred compensation employee stock trust | | 1,477 |
| | 1,448 |
|
Deferred compensation, net | | 16,487 |
| | 16,138 |
|
Exchangeable shares | | — |
| | 2,650 |
|
Equity Units exchanged | | 102,831 |
| | — |
|
Shares repurchased and retired | | (398,906 | ) | | (335,262 | ) |
Ending balance | | 3,842,784 |
| | 4,151,024 |
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EMPLOYEE STOCK TRUST | | |
| | |
|
Beginning balance | | (34,466 | ) | | (33,095 | ) |
Shares issued to plans | | (1,481 | ) | | (1,301 | ) |
Distributions and forfeitures | | 914 |
| | 249 |
|
Ending balance | | (35,033 | ) | | (34,147 | ) |
DEFERRED COMPENSATION EMPLOYEE STOCK TRUST | | |
| | |
|
Beginning balance | | 34,466 |
| | 33,095 |
|
Shares issued to plans | | 1,481 |
| | 1,301 |
|
Distributions and forfeitures | | (914 | ) | | (249 | ) |
Ending balance | | 35,033 |
| | 34,147 |
|
RETAINED EARNINGS | | |
| | |
|
Beginning balance | | 1,539,984 |
| | 1,316,981 |
|
Net income attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | 116,616 |
| | 123,266 |
|
Dividends declared | | (23,695 | ) | | (12,737 | ) |
Ending balance | | 1,632,905 |
| | 1,427,510 |
|
APPROPRIATED RETAINED EARNINGS OF CONSOLIDATED INVESTMENT VEHICLES | | |
| | |
|
Beginning balance | | 10,922 |
| | — |
|
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | — |
| | 24,666 |
|
Net loss reclassified to appropriated retained earnings | | (5,802 | ) | | (2,650 | ) |
Ending balance | | 5,120 |
| | 22,016 |
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ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET | | |
| | |
|
Beginning balance | | 93,361 |
| | 58,227 |
|
Unrealized holding gains on investment securities, net of tax | | 257 |
| | 82 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | (32,666 | ) | | 19,972 |
|
Ending balance | | 60,952 |
| | 78,281 |
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TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | $ | 5,555,737 |
| | $ | 5,694,127 |
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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended |
| | September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 119,081 |
| | $ | 121,631 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile Net Income to net cash provided by operations: | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 45,045 |
| | 52,498 |
|
Imputed interest for 2.5% convertible senior notes | | 19,230 |
| | 18,055 |
|
Accretion and amortization of securities discounts and premiums, net | | 2,381 |
| | 2,372 |
|
Stock-based compensation | | 25,948 |
| | 25,230 |
|
Net losses (gains) on investments | | 37,846 |
| | (22,454 | ) |
Net losses of consolidated investment vehicles | | 2,198 |
| | 1,996 |
|
Deferred income taxes | | 17,701 |
| | 42,062 |
|
Other | | 901 |
| | 1,424 |
|
Decrease (increase) in assets: | | | | |
Investment advisory and related fees receivable | | 40,218 |
| | 7,112 |
|
Net purchases of trading investments | | (44,822 | ) | | (33,260 | ) |
Other receivables | | (3,605 | ) | | (6,802 | ) |
Other assets | | 14,419 |
| | 2,783 |
|
Increase (decrease) in liabilities: | | | | |
Accrued compensation | | (73,968 | ) | | 1,260 |
|
Deferred compensation | | (32,134 | ) | | (18,702 | ) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | (18,370 | ) | | (251 | ) |
Other liabilities | | 9,186 |
| | (52,161 | ) |
Net increase in operating assets and liabilities of consolidated investment vehicles, including cash | | 6,914 |
| | 18,838 |
|
Cash Provided by Operating Activities | | 168,169 |
| | 161,631 |
|
Cash Flows Provided by (Used for) Investing Activities | | |
| | |
|
Payments for fixed assets | | (14,577 | ) | | (11,673 | ) |
Restricted cash | | 7,705 |
| | — |
|
Purchases of investment securities | | (3,754 | ) | | (3,541 | ) |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investment securities | | 3,590 |
| | 2,682 |
|
Purchases of investments by consolidated investment vehicles | | (113,668 | ) | | (65,398 | ) |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments by consolidated investment vehicles | | 123,765 |
| | 67,006 |
|
Cash Provided by (Used for) Investing Activities | | 3,061 |
| | (10,924 | ) |
Cash Flows Used for Financing Activities | | | | |
Third-party distribution financing, net | | — |
| | (1,639 | ) |
Repayment of principal on long-term debt | | (391 | ) | | (2,588 | ) |
Repurchases of common stock | | (400,266 | ) | | (336,401 | ) |
Issuance of common stock | | 1,453 |
| | 9,356 |
|
Dividends paid | | (21,029 | ) | | (11,467 | ) |
Net (repayments) borrowings of consolidated investment vehicles | | (18,309 | ) | | 4,865 |
|
Net subscriptions received from noncontrolling interest holders | | 649 |
| | 438 |
|
Cash Used for Financing Activities | | (437,893 | ) | | (337,436 | ) |
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash | | (15,611 | ) | | 4,740 |
|
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents | | (282,274 | ) | | (181,989 | ) |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period | | 1,375,918 |
| | 1,465,888 |
|
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period | | $ | 1,093,644 |
| | $ | 1,283,899 |
|
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
September 30, 2011
(Unaudited)
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1. | Interim Basis of Reporting |
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Legg Mason, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively “Legg Mason”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. The interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the interim basis of reporting and, as such, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. The preparation of interim consolidated financial statements requires management to make assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the interim consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates and the differences could have a material impact on the interim consolidated financial statements.
The nature of our business is such that the results of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of a full year. The fiscal year-end condensed balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements and, in accordance with interim financial information standards, does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. Certain amounts in prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
The information contained in the interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Unless otherwise noted, all per share amounts for the six months ended September 30, 2010, include both common shares of Legg Mason and shares issued in connection with the acquisition of Legg Mason Canada Inc., which were exchangeable into common shares of Legg Mason on a one-for-one basis at any time. During the quarter ended June 30, 2010, all outstanding exchangeable shares were converted into shares of Legg Mason common stock.
Terms such as “we,” “us,” “our,” and “company” refer to Legg Mason.
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2. | Significant Accounting Policies |
Consolidation
In accordance with financial accounting standards on consolidation, Legg Mason consolidates and separately identifies certain sponsored investment vehicles, the most significant of which is a collateralized loan obligation entity (“CLO”). The consolidation of these investment vehicles has no impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. and does not have a material impact on Legg Mason's consolidated operating results. Legg Mason also holds investments in certain consolidated sponsored investment funds and the change in the value of these investments, which is recorded in Other non-operating income (expense), is reflected in its Net Income, net of amounts allocated to noncontrolling interests. Also, see Note 12 for additional information regarding the consolidation of investment vehicles.
Business Realignment and Goodwill
In connection with a realignment of its executive management team during fiscal 2011, Legg Mason no longer manages its business in two operating segments (divisions), and during the June 2011 quarter, eliminated the previous separation of the Americas and International divisions and combined them into one operating segment, Global Asset Management. Legg Mason believes this structure allows the Company to function as a global organization with a single purpose. Internal management reporting has been modified consistent with this realignment such that discrete financial information regularly received by the chief operating decision maker, our Chief Executive Officer, is at the consolidated Global Asset Management business level. As a result, the former Americas and International operating segments are no longer our reporting units, and subsequently, goodwill is recorded and evaluated at one Global Asset Management reporting unit level.
Restructuring Costs
In May 2010, Legg Mason's management committed to a plan to streamline its business model as further described in Note 11. The costs anticipated in connection with this plan primarily relate to employee termination benefits, incentives to retain employees during the transition period, charges for consolidating leased office space, and contract termination costs. Termination benefits, including severance, and retention incentives are recorded as Transition-related compensation in the Consolidated Statements of Income. These compensation items require employees to provide future service and are therefore expensed ratably over the
required service period. Expense recognition of contractual lease payments may be accelerated when the related space is either permanently abandoned or subleased at a loss. Contract termination and other costs are expensed when incurred.
Income Taxes
During the quarter ended September 30, 2010, the United Kingdom ("U.K.") Finance Bill 2010 was enacted, which reduced the main U.K. corporate tax rate from 28% to 27%. In July 2011, The U.K. Finance Act 2011 (the "Act") was enacted. The Act further reduced the main U.K. corporate tax rate from 27% to 26% effective April 1, 2011, and from 26% to 25% effective April 1, 2012. The reductions in the U.K. corporate tax rate resulted in tax benefits of $18,268 and $8,878, recognized in the quarters ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, as a result of the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities at the new rates. As a result of the revaluation adjustments, the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, was reduced by 32.8 percentage points and 12.6 percentage points, respectively. Similarly, the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2010, was reduced by 8.6 percentage points and 5.1 percentage points, respectively.
Noncontrolling interests
Noncontrolling interests related to certain consolidated investment vehicles ("CIVs") are classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests since investors in these funds may request withdrawals at any time. Redeemable noncontrolling interests as of and for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended |
| | September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
Balance, beginning of period | | $ | 36,712 |
| | $ | 29,577 |
|
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests | | 8,267 |
| | 1,015 |
|
Net subscriptions received from noncontrolling interest holders | | 649 |
| | 438 |
|
Balance, end of period | | $ | 45,628 |
| | $ | 31,030 |
|
Recent Accounting Developments
In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board updated the guidance on the annual goodwill test for impairment. The update permits companies to assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the currently required quantitative fair value assessment. This update will be effective for Legg Mason in fiscal 2013, if not adopted early. This update is not expected to have a material effect on its recorded goodwill, but Legg Mason is currently evaluating its adoption.
3. Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
The disclosures below include details of Legg Mason’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, excluding assets and liabilities of CIVs. See Note 12, Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles, for information related to the assets and liabilities of CIVs that are measured at fair value.
The fair values of financial assets and (liabilities) of the Company were determined using the following categories of inputs:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of September 30, 2011 |
| | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash equivalents(1): | | | | | | | | |
Money market funds | | $ | 639,200 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 639,200 |
|
Time deposits | | — |
| | 41,346 |
| | — |
| | 41,346 |
|
Total cash equivalents | | 639,200 |
| | 41,346 |
| | — |
| | 680,546 |
|
Investment securities: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Trading investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans(2) | | 100,822 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 100,822 |
|
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments(3) | | 140,672 |
| | 79,008 |
| | 179 |
| | 219,859 |
|
Equity method investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans, proprietary fund products and other investments(4)(5) | | 14,111 |
| | 39,831 |
| | 11,605 |
| | 65,547 |
|
Total current investments | | 255,605 |
| | 118,839 |
| | 11,784 |
| | 386,228 |
|
Available-for-sale investment securities | | 2,107 |
| | 9,757 |
| | 12 |
| | 11,876 |
|
Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other | | — |
| | — |
| | 28,469 |
| | 28,469 |
|
Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs(5) | | 1,184 |
| | — |
| | 160,662 |
| | 161,846 |
|
Derivative assets: | | | | | |
|
| | |
|
Currency and market hedges | | 9,415 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 9,415 |
|
Other investments | | — |
| | — |
| | 121 |
| | 121 |
|
| | $ | 907,511 |
| | $ | 169,942 |
| | $ | 201,048 |
| | $ | 1,278,501 |
|
Liabilities: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Derivative liabilities: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Currency and market hedges | | $ | (1,081 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1,081 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of March 31, 2011 |
| | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash equivalents(1): | | | | | | | | |
Money market funds | | $ | 912,951 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 912,951 |
|
Time deposits | | — |
| | 92,877 |
| | — |
| | 92,877 |
|
Total cash equivalents | | 912,951 |
| | 92,877 |
| | — |
| | 1,005,828 |
|
Investment securities: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Trading investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans(2) | | 120,107 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 120,107 |
|
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments(3) | | 90,123 |
| | 102,562 |
| | 11,378 |
| | 204,063 |
|
Equity method investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans, proprietary fund products and other investments(4)(5) | | 15,645 |
| | 48,528 |
| | 12,167 |
| | 76,340 |
|
Total current investments | | 225,875 |
| | 151,090 |
| | 23,545 |
| | 400,510 |
|
Available-for-sale investment securities | | 2,666 |
| | 8,622 |
| | 12 |
| | 11,300 |
|
Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other | | — |
| | — |
| | 22,167 |
| | 22,167 |
|
Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs(5) | | 1,420 |
| | — |
| | 153,931 |
| | 155,351 |
|
Derivative assets: | | | | | | | | |
|
Currency and market hedges | | 1,169 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 1,169 |
|
Other investments | | — |
| | — |
| | 270 |
| | 270 |
|
| | $ | 1,144,081 |
| | $ | 252,589 |
| | $ | 199,925 |
| | $ | 1,596,595 |
|
Liabilities: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Derivative liabilities: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Currency and market hedges | | $ | (3,120 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (3,120 | ) |
| |
(1) | Cash equivalents include highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less. Cash investments in actively traded money market funds are measured at NAV and are classified as Level 1. Cash investments in time deposits are measured at amortized cost, which approximates fair value because of the short time between the purchase of the instrument and its expected realization, and are classified as Level 2. |
| |
(2) | Primarily mutual funds where there is minimal market risk to the Company as any change in value is primarily offset by an adjustment to compensation expense and related deferred compensation liability. |
| |
(3) | Total proprietary fund products and other investments primarily represent mutual funds that are invested approximately 63% and 37% in equity and debt securities as of September 30, 2011, respectively, and were invested approximately 60% and 40% in equity and debt securities as of March 31, 2011, respectively. |
| |
(4) | Includes investments under the equity method (which approximates fair value) relating to long-term incentive compensation plans of $39,831 and $48,528 as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, respectively, and proprietary fund products and other investments of $25,716 and $27,812 as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, respectively, which are classified as Investment securities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
| |
(5) | Equity method investments are substantially all investment companies which record their underlying investments at fair value. Fair value is measured using Legg Mason's share of the investee's underlying net income or loss, which is predominately representative of fair value adjustments in the investments held by the equity method investee. |
In accordance with new accounting guidance adopted during the three months ended June 30, 2011, the changes in financial assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, are now presented on a gross basis in the tables below:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of June 30, 2011 | | Purchases | | Sales | | Settlements/ Other | | Transfers | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2011 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments | | $ | 280 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (100 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1 | ) | | $ | 179 |
|
Equity method investments in proprietary fund products | | 12,240 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (635 | ) | | 11,605 |
|
Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other | | 21,952 |
| | 6,932 |
| | — |
| | 106 |
| | — |
| | (521 | ) | | 28,469 |
|
Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs | | 143,107 |
| | 24,174 |
| | (1,636 | ) | | (619 | ) | | — |
| | (4,364 | ) | | 160,662 |
|
Other investments | | 1,254 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (159 | ) | | — |
| | (962 | ) | | 133 |
|
| | $ | 178,833 |
| | $ | 31,106 |
| | $ | (1,736 | ) | | $ | (672 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | (6,483 | ) | | $ | 201,048 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of June 30, 2010 | | Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net | | Transfers | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2010 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments | | $ | 19,211 |
| | $ | (2,500 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,352 |
| | $ | 18,063 |
|
Equity method investments in proprietary fund products | | 11,611 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 278 |
| | 11,889 |
|
Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other | | 22,759 |
| | 287 |
| | — |
| | 4 |
| | 23,050 |
|
Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs | | 139,747 |
| | 2,198 |
| | — |
| | 12,473 |
| | 154,418 |
|
Other investments | | 1,470 |
| | (6 | ) | | — |
| | 12 |
| | 1,476 |
|
| | $ | 194,798 |
| | $ | (21 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 14,119 |
| | $ | 208,896 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of March 31, 2011 | | Purchases | | Sales | | Settlements/ Other | | Transfers | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2011 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments | | $ | 11,378 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (11,741 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 542 |
| | $ | 179 |
|
Equity method investments in proprietary fund products | | 12,167 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (562 | ) | | 11,605 |
|
Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other | | 22,167 |
| | 6,932 |
| | — |
| | (109 | ) | | — |
| | (521 | ) | | 28,469 |
|
Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs | | 153,931 |
| | 25,504 |
| | (3,293 | ) | | (12,697 | ) | | — |
| | (2,783 | ) | | 160,662 |
|
Other investments | | 282 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (159 | ) | | — |
| | 10 |
| | 133 |
|
| | $ | 199,925 |
| | $ | 32,436 |
| | $ | (15,034 | ) | | $ | (12,965 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | (3,314 | ) | | $ | 201,048 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of March 31, 2010 | | Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net | | Transfers | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2010 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments | | $ | 22,459 |
| | $ | (5,000 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 604 |
| | $ | 18,063 |
|
Equity method investments in proprietary fund products | | 12,090 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (201 | ) | | 11,889 |
|
Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other | | 23,049 |
| | (3 | ) | | — |
| | 4 |
| | 23,050 |
|
Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs | | 98,968 |
| | 40,521 |
| | — |
| | 14,929 |
| | 154,418 |
|
Other investments | | 1,464 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 12 |
| | 1,476 |
|
| | $ | 158,030 |
| | $ | 35,518 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 15,348 |
| | $ | 208,896 |
|
Realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 investments are included in Other income (expense) on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Total unrealized (losses) gains for Level 3 investments relating only to those assets still held at the reporting date were $(6,487) and $6,048 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Total unrealized (losses) gains for Level 3 investments relating only to those assets still held at the reporting date were $(5,419) and $4,824 for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
There were no significant transfers between Levels 1 and 2 during the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
As a practical expedient, Legg Mason relies on the net asset value of certain investments as their fair value. The net asset values that have been provided by the investees have been derived from the fair values of the underlying investments as of the reporting date. The following table summarizes, as of September 30, 2011, the nature of these investments and any related liquidation restrictions or other factors which may impact the ultimate value realized.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Category of Investment | Investment Strategy | | Fair Value Determined Using NAV | | Unfunded Commitments | | Remaining Term |
Funds-of-hedge funds | Global, fixed income, macro, long/short equity, natural resources, systematic, emerging market, European hedge | | $ | 67,345 |
| (1) | n/a |
| | n/a |
Hedge funds | Fixed income - developed market, event driven, fixed income - hedge, relative value arbitrage, European hedge | | 28,611 |
| (2) | $ | 20,000 |
| | n/a |
Private equity funds | Long/short equity | | 28,651 |
| (2) | 5,775 |
| | 6 to 9 years |
Private fund | Fixed income, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities | | 80,667 |
| (2) | n/a |
| | 7 years, subject to two one-year extensions |
Other | Various | | 2,215 |
| (2) | n/a |
| | Various (3) |
Total | | | $ | 207,489 |
| | $ | 25,775 |
| | |
n/a-not applicable
(1) 73% monthly redemption; 27% quarterly redemption, of which 37% is subject to two-year lock-up.
(2) Liquidations are expected over the remaining term.
(3) 4% remaining term of less than one year; 96% 20-year remaining term.
There are no current plans to sell any of these investments.
4. Fixed Assets
Fixed assets consist of equipment, software and leasehold improvements. Equipment consists primarily of communications and technology hardware and furniture and fixtures. Software includes purchased software and internally developed software. Fixed assets are reported at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The following table reflects the components of fixed assets as of:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2011 | | March 31, 2011 |
Equipment | | $ | 198,740 |
| | $ | 200,696 |
|
Software | | 209,768 |
| | 224,026 |
|
Leasehold improvements | | 278,444 |
| | 280,277 |
|
Total cost | | 686,952 |
| | 704,999 |
|
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | | (420,650 | ) | | (418,294 | ) |
Fixed assets, net | | $ | 266,302 |
| | $ | 286,705 |
|
Depreciation and amortization expense included in operating income was $16,661 and $20,097 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and $33,963 and $40,937 for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
5. Intangible Assets and Goodwill
The following tables reflect the components of intangible assets as of:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2011 | | March 31, 2011 |
Amortizable asset management contracts | | |
| | |
|
Cost | | $ | 206,353 |
| | $ | 208,454 |
|
Accumulated amortization | | (164,156 | ) | | (155,136 | ) |
Net | | 42,197 |
| | 53,318 |
|
Indefinite–life intangible assets | | |
| | |
|
Fund management contracts | | 3,753,480 |
| | 3,753,657 |
|
Trade names | | 69,800 |
| | 69,800 |
|
| | 3,823,280 |
| | 3,823,457 |
|
Intangible assets, net | | $ | 3,865,477 |
| | $ | 3,876,775 |
|
As of September 30, 2011, management contracts are being amortized over a weighted-average life of 3.3 years. Estimated future amortization expense is as follows:
|
| | | | |
Remaining 2012 | | $ | 8,463 |
|
2013 | | 14,085 |
|
2014 | | 11,902 |
|
2015 | | 2,987 |
|
2016 | | 2,731 |
|
Thereafter | | 2,029 |
|
Total | | $ | 42,197 |
|
The change in the carrying value of goodwill for the six months ended September 30, 2011, is summarized below:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Gross Book Value | | Accumulated Impairment | | Net Book Value |
Balance as of March 31, 2011 | | $ | 2,473,552 |
| | $ | (1,161,900 | ) | | $ | 1,311,652 |
|
Impact of excess tax basis amortization | | (10,605 | ) | | — |
| | (10,605 | ) |
Other, including changes in foreign exchange rates | | (18,999 | ) | | — |
| | (18,999 | ) |
Balance as of September 30, 2011 | | $ | 2,443,948 |
| | $ | (1,161,900 | ) | | $ | 1,282,048 |
|
6. Long-Term Debt and Equity Units
The disclosures below include details of Legg Mason’s debt, excluding the debt of CIVs. See Note 12, Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles, for information related to the debt of CIVs.
The accreted value of long-term debt consists of the following:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2011 | | March 31, 2011 |
| | Current Accreted Value | | Unamortized Discount | | Maturity Amount | | Accreted Value |
2.5% convertible senior notes | | $ | 1,107,162 |
| | $ | 142,838 |
| | $ | 1,250,000 |
| | $ | 1,087,932 |
|
5.6% senior notes from Equity Units | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 103,039 |
|
Other term loans | | 10,506 |
| | — |
| | 10,506 |
| | 10,897 |
|
Subtotal | | 1,117,668 |
| | 142,838 |
| | 1,260,506 |
| | 1,201,868 |
|
Less: current portion | | 1,008 |
| | — |
| | 1,008 |
| | 792 |
|
Total | | $ | 1,116,660 |
| | $ | 142,838 |
| | $ | 1,259,498 |
| | $ | 1,201,076 |
|
As of September 30, 2011, the aggregate maturities of long-term debt, based on their contractual terms, are as follows:
|
| | | | |
Remaining 2012 | | $ | 595 |
|
2013 | | 1,227 |
|
2014 | | 1,277 |
|
2015 | | 1,251,332 |
|
2016 | | 6,075 |
|
Thereafter | | — |
|
Total | | $ | 1,260,506 |
|
At September 30, 2011, the estimated fair value of long-term debt was approximately $1,259,200.
Legg Mason is accreting the carrying value of the 2.5% convertible senior notes to the principal amount at maturity using an interest rate of 6.5% (the effective borrowing rate for non-convertible debt at the time of issuance) over its expected life of seven years, resulting in interest expense of approximately $9,741 and $9,146 for the quarters ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and $19,230 and $18,055 for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The amount by which the notes’ if-converted value exceeds the accreted value, excluding accrued interest, using a current interest rate of 2.7% as of September 30, 2011, is approximately $141,532 (representing a potential loss).
The $103,039 of outstanding debt on the remaining 5.6% senior notes from Equity Units was retired on June 30, 2011, as part of a remarketing. Concurrently, Legg Mason issued 1,830 shares of Legg Mason common stock upon the exercise of the purchase contracts from the Equity Units.
7. Stock-Based Compensation
Legg Mason’s stock-based compensation includes stock options, employee stock purchase plans, restricted stock awards and units, performance shares payable in common stock, and deferred compensation payable in stock. Shares available for issuance under the active equity incentive plan as of September 30, 2011, were 12,998. On July 26, 2011, the equity incentive plan was amended to increase the available shares by 6,500. Options under Legg Mason’s employee stock plans have been granted at prices not less than 100% of the fair market value. Options are generally exercisable in equal increments over four to five years and expire within eight to ten years from the date of grant.
Compensation expense relating to stock options for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was $3,500 and $4,449, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was $7,681 and $9,081, respectively.
Stock option transactions during the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, are summarized below:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
| | Number of shares | | Weighted-average exercise price per share | | Number of shares | | Weighted-average exercise price per share |
Options outstanding at March 31 | | 5,419 |
| | $ | 59.82 |
| | 6,054 |
| | $ | 57.75 |
|
Granted | | 810 |
| | 33.99 |
| | 701 |
| | 33.13 |
|
Exercised | | (8 | ) | | 25.76 |
| | (350 | ) | | 26.25 |
|
Canceled/forfeited | | (305 | ) | | 47.95 |
| | (318 | ) | | 45.56 |
|
Options outstanding at September 30 | | 5,916 |
| | $ | 56.95 |
| | 6,087 |
| | $ | 57.36 |
|
At September 30, 2011, options were exercisable for 3,426 shares with a weighted-average exercise price of $72.99 and a weighted-average remaining contractual life of 3.4 years. Unamortized compensation cost related to unvested options (2,490 shares) at September 30, 2011, of $30,031 is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.
The weighted-average fair value of option grants during the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, was $13.13 and $14.38 per share, respectively.
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the model for grants in fiscal 2012 and 2011:
|
| | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
Expected dividend yield | | 1.39 | % | | 1.39 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 1.95 | % | | 2.40 | % |
Expected volatility | | 47.16 | % | | 52.83 | % |
Expected lives (in years) | | 5.12 |
| | 5.18 |
|
Compensation expense relating to restricted stock and restricted stock units for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was $8,533 and $8,685, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was $16,608 and $16,068, respectively.
Restricted stock and restricted stock unit transactions during the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, are summarized below:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
| | Number of shares | | Weighted-average grant date value | | Number of shares | | Weighted-average grant date value |
Unvested shares at March 31 | | 2,637 |
| | $ | 33.01 |
| | 1,605 |
| | $ | 34.80 |
|
Granted | | 1,315 |
| | 33.79 |
| | 1,635 |
| | 33.22 |
|
Vested | | (700 | ) | | 33.86 |
| | (425 | ) | | 38.53 |
|
Canceled/forfeited | | (42 | ) | | 33.06 |
| | (75 | ) | | 31.47 |
|
Unvested shares at September 30 | | 3,210 |
| | $ | 33.14 |
| | 2,740 |
| | $ | 33.37 |
|
Unamortized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at September 30, 2011, of $79,019 is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.
Compensation expense relating to the stock purchase plan and deferred compensation payable in stock for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was $108 and $99, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was $284 and $302, respectively.
During the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, non-employee directors were granted 12 and 17 restricted stock units and 31 and 31 shares of common stock at a fair value of $1,375 and $1,425, respectively. As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, non-employee directors held 193 and 220 stock options, respectively, which are included in the outstanding options presented in the table above. As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, non-employee directors held 74 and 62 restricted stock units, respectively, which vest on the grant date and are therefore not included in the unvested shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units in the table above. During the six months ended September 30, 2011, non-employee directors did not exercise any stock options and no restricted stock units were distributed. During the six months ended September 30, 2010, non-employee directors exercised 9 stock options and 7 restricted stock units were distributed. During the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, there were 27 and 59 non-employee director stock options canceled or forfeited, respectively.
During the June 2011 quarter, Legg Mason established a long-term incentive plan (the "LTIP") under its equity incentive plan, which provides an additional element of compensation that is based on performance. Under the LTIP, executive officers were granted cash value performance units that will vest at the end of a three year period based upon Legg Mason's cumulative adjusted earnings per share over the period. Awards granted under the LTIP may be settled in cash and/or shares of Legg Mason common stock, at the discretion of Legg Mason. The estimated amount of the award is being expensed over the vesting period based on a probability assessment of the expected outcome under the LTIP provisions.
As part of the Company's restructuring initiative, as further discussed in Note 11, the employment of certain recipients of stock option and restricted stock awards will be terminated. The termination benefits extended to these employees include accelerated vesting of any portion of their equity incentive awards that would not have vested by January 1, 2012, under the original terms of the awards. During fiscal 2011, the portion of the awards subject to accelerated vesting were revalued and are being expensed over the new vesting period, the impact of which is included above.
8. Commitments and Contingencies
Legg Mason leases office facilities and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases and also has multi-year agreements for certain services. These leases and service agreements expire on varying dates through fiscal 2025. Certain leases provide for renewal options and contain escalation clauses providing for increased rentals based upon maintenance, utility and tax increases.
As of September 30, 2011, the minimum annual aggregate rentals under operating leases and service agreements are as follows:
|
| | | | |
Remaining 2012 | | $ | 79,933 |
|
2013 | | 138,880 |
|
2014 | | 111,952 |
|
2015 | | 99,243 |
|
2016 | | 89,945 |
|
Thereafter | | 522,464 |
|
Total | | $ | 1,042,417 |
|
The minimum rental commitments shown above have not been reduced by $150,319 for minimum sublease rentals to be received in the future under non-cancelable subleases, of which approximately 52% is due from one counterparty. If a sub-tenant defaults on a sublease, Legg Mason may incur operating charges to reflect expected future sublease rentals at reduced amounts, as a result of the current commercial real estate market.
The above minimum rental commitments include $913,416 in real estate and equipment leases and $129,001 in service and maintenance agreements.
As of September 30, 2011, Legg Mason had commitments to invest approximately $39,592 in investment vehicles. These commitments are expected to be funded as required through the end of the respective investment periods through fiscal 2018.
In the normal course of business, Legg Mason enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties and that provide general indemnifications. Legg Mason’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against Legg Mason that have not yet occurred.
Legg Mason has been the subject of customer complaints and has also been named as a defendant in various legal actions arising primarily from securities brokerage, asset management and investment banking activities, including certain class actions, which primarily allege violations of securities laws and seek unspecified damages, which could be substantial. In the normal course of its business, Legg Mason has also received subpoenas and is currently involved in governmental and self-regulatory agency inquiries, investigations and, from time to time, proceedings involving asset management activities. In accordance with guidance for accounting for contingencies, Legg Mason has established provisions for estimated losses from pending complaints, legal actions, investigations and proceedings when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and a reasonable estimate of loss can be made.
In a transaction with Citigroup in December 2005, Legg Mason transferred to Citigroup the subsidiaries that constituted its Private Client/Capital Markets ("PC/CM") businesses, thus transferring the entities that would have primary liability for most of the customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities and proceedings arising from those businesses. However, as part of that transaction, Legg Mason agreed to indemnify Citigroup for most customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities of Legg Mason's former PC/CM businesses that result from pre-closing events. While the ultimate resolution of these matters cannot be currently determined based on current information, after consultation with legal counsel, management believes that any accrual or range of reasonably possible losses as of September 30, 2011 or 2010, is not material. Similarly, although Citigroup transferred to Legg Mason the entities that would be primarily liable for most customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities and proceedings of the Citigroup Asset Management ("CAM") business, Citigroup has agreed to indemnify Legg Mason for most customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities of the CAM business that result from pre-closing events.
One of Legg Mason's asset management subsidiaries was named as the defendant in a lawsuit filed by a former institutional client in late August 2011. The complaint alleges breach of contract and breach of fiduciary duty arising from investments in the former client's account allegedly being inconsistent with the account's objectives, and seeks damages in excess of $90,000. Legg Mason believes that the claims are without merit and intends to defend the matter vigorously. Because of the preliminary status of the matter, Legg Mason cannot estimate the possible loss or range of loss from this matter, if any. In addition, although Legg Mason believes that this matter would likely be covered by insurance policies that may substantially mitigate the amount of any eventual loss, as is not unusual with litigation at this point in the process, there can be no assurance that the action will not have a material effect on Legg Mason's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
The ultimate resolution of other matters cannot be currently determined, and in the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, Legg Mason believes that the resolution of these actions will not have a material effect on Legg Mason’s financial condition. Due in part to the preliminary nature of certain of these matters, Legg Mason is currently unable to estimate the amount or range of potential losses from these matters and the results of operations and cash flows could be materially affected during a period in which a matter is ultimately resolved. In addition, the ultimate costs of litigation-related charges can vary significantly from period-to-period, depending on factors such as market conditions, the size and volume of customer complaints and claims, including class action suits, and recoveries from indemnification, contribution or insurance reimbursement.
9. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income or loss attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding. The calculation of weighted-average shares includes common shares, shares exchangeable into common stock and unvested restricted shares deemed to be participating securities. Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS, but adjusts for the effect of potentially issuable common shares, except when inclusion is antidilutive.
In June 2011, Legg Mason issued 1,830 shares of common stock upon the exercise of purchase contracts on the remaining Equity Units. Of these shares, 1,830 and 930 shares are included in weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
Legg Mason issued 56 and 1,303 shares of restricted stock related to its annual incentive awards, during the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. Of the shares issued in the six month period, 1,286 and 960 shares are included in weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
The following table presents the computations of basic and diluted EPS:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
| | Basic | | Diluted | | Basic | | Diluted |
Weighted-average basic shares outstanding | | 143,877 |
| | 143,877 |
| | 151,416 |
| | 151,416 |
|
Potential common shares: | | | | | | | | |
Employee stock options | | — |
| | 54 |
| | — |
| | 111 |
|
Shares related to deferred compensation | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 413 |
|
Total weighted-average diluted shares | | 143,877 |
| | 143,931 |
| | 151,416 |
| | 151,940 |
|
Net Income | | $ | 57,383 |
| | $ | 57,383 |
| | $ | 76,588 |
| | $ | 76,588 |
|
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 719 |
| | 719 |
| | 1,253 |
| | 1,253 |
|
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | 75,335 |
| | $ | 75,335 |
|
Net Income per Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. Common Shareholders | | $ | 0.39 |
| | $ | 0.39 |
| | $ | 0.50 |
| | $ | 0.50 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
| | Basic | | Diluted | | Basic | | Diluted |
Weighted-average basic shares outstanding | | 146,529 |
| | 146,529 |
| | 155,746 |
| | 155,746 |
|
Potential common shares: | | | | | | | | |
Employee stock options | | — |
| | 96 |
| | — |
| | 143 |
|
Shares related to deferred compensation | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 438 |
|
Total weighted-average diluted shares | | 146,529 |
| | 146,625 |
| | 155,746 |
| | 156,327 |
|
Net Income | | $ | 119,081 |
| | $ | 119,081 |
| | $ | 121,631 |
| | $ | 121,631 |
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 2,465 |
| | 2,465 |
| | (1,635 | ) | | (1,635 | ) |
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | 123,266 |
| | $ | 123,266 |
|
Net Income per Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. Common Shareholders | | $ | 0.80 |
| | $ | 0.80 |
| | $ | 0.79 |
| | $ | 0.79 |
|
During the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, Legg Mason purchased and retired 7,564 and 13,597 shares, respectively, of its common stock for $200,147 and $400,266, respectively, through open market purchases. The repurchases in the six month period reduced weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, by 9,736 shares and 5,835 shares, respectively.
The diluted EPS calculations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, exclude any potential common shares issuable under the convertible 2.5% senior notes and, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2010, any potential common shares issuable under the convertible Equity Units, because the market price of Legg Mason common stock had not exceeded the price at which conversion under either instrument would be dilutive using the treasury stock method.
Options to purchase 5,379 and 5,504 shares for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and 7,144 and 5,407 shares for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the presumed per share proceeds from exercising such options, including related unamortized cost and income tax benefits, if any, exceed the average price of the common shares for the period and therefore the options are deemed antidilutive.
10. Derivatives and Hedging
The disclosures below detail Legg Mason’s derivatives and hedging excluding the derivatives and hedging of CIVs. See Note 12, Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles, for information related to the derivatives and hedging of CIVs.
Legg Mason uses currency forwards to economically hedge the risk of movements in exchange rates, primarily between the U.S. dollar, euro, Australian dollar, Canadian dollar, Brazilian real, Singapore dollar, Japanese yen, and Great Britain pound. In the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Legg Mason nets the fair value of certain foreign currency forwards executed with the same counterparty where Legg Mason has both the legal right and intent to settle the contracts on a net basis. Legg Mason has not designated any derivatives as hedging instruments during the periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
Legg Mason uses market hedges on certain seed capital investments by entering into futures contracts to sell index funds that benchmark the hedged seed capital investments. Open futures contracts required cash collateral of $3,529 and $7,099 as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, respectively.
The following table presents the fair values as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, classified as Other assets and Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| September 30, 2011 | March 31, 2011 |
| Assets | Liabilities | Assets | Liabilities |
Currency forward contracts | $ | 8,417 |
| $ | 1,056 |
| $ | 1,112 |
| $ | 1,633 |
|
Futures contracts | 998 |
| 25 |
| 57 |
| 1,487 |
|
Total | $ | 9,415 |
| $ | 1,081 |
| $ | 1,169 |
| $ | 3,120 |
|
The following table presents gains (losses) recognized on derivative instruments for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | 2010 |
| Income Statement Classification | Gains | Losses | Gains | Losses |
Currency forward contracts for: | | | | | |
Operating activities | Other expense | $ | 5,047 |
| $ | (2,835 | ) | $ | 982 |
| $ | (3,244 | ) |
Seed capital investments | Other non-operating income (expense) | 401 |
| (29 | ) | — |
| (328 | ) |
Futures contracts | Other non-operating income (expense) | 5,964 |
| (566 | ) | 9 |
| (2,394 | ) |
Total | | $ | 11,412 |
| $ | (3,430 | ) | $ | 991 |
| $ | (5,966 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six months ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | 2010 |
| Income Statement Classification | Gains | Losses | Gains | Losses |
Currency forward contracts for: | | | | | |
Operating activities | Other expense | $ | 4,805 |
| $ | (3,456 | ) | $ | 3,296 |
| $ | (3,956 | ) |
Seed capital investments | Other non-operating income (expense) | 299 |
| (65 | ) | 6 |
| (108 | ) |
Futures contracts | Other non-operating income (expense) | 6,294 |
| (729 | ) | 1,258 |
| (2,020 | ) |
Total | | $ | 11,398 |
| $ | (4,250 | ) | $ | 4,560 |
| $ | (6,084 | ) |
11. Restructuring
In May 2010, Legg Mason announced a plan to streamline its business model to drive increased profitability and growth that primarily involves transitioning certain shared services to its investment affiliates which are closer to actual client relationships. This plan involves headcount reductions in operations, technology, and other administrative areas, which may be partially offset by headcount increases at the affiliates, and will enable Legg Mason to eliminate a portion of its corporate office space that was primarily dedicated to operations and technology employees. Legg Mason expects the initiative to be substantially complete by December 31, 2011.
This initiative involves transition-related costs primarily comprised of charges for employee termination benefits and retention incentives during the transition period, recorded in Transition-related compensation in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The transition-related costs also involve other costs, including charges for consolidating leased office space, early contract terminations, asset disposals, and professional fees, recorded in the appropriate operating expense classifications. Total transition-related costs are expected to be in the range of $125,000 to $135,000. Charges for transition-related costs were $15,138 and $11,587 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and $28,858 and $14,742 for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which primarily represent costs for severance and retention incentives.
The table below presents a summary of changes in the transition-related liability from the initiation of the restructuring plan through September 30, 2011, non-cash charges, such as asset write-offs and stock-based compensation expense, recognized through September 30, 2011, and cumulative charges incurred to date:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Severance and retention incentives | | Other | | Total |
Balance as of March 31, 2010 | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
Accrued charges | | 35,487 |
| | 6,160 |
| | 41,647 |
|
Payments | | (12,276 | ) | | (325 | ) | | (12,601 | ) |
Balance as of March 31, 2011 | | 23,211 |
| | 5,835 |
| | 29,046 |
|
Accrued charges | | 20,431 |
| | 3,798 |
| | 24,229 |
|
Payments | | (24,177 | ) | | (9,265 | ) | | (33,442 | ) |
Balance as of September 30, 2011 | | $ | 19,465 |
| | $ | 368 |
| | $ | 19,833 |
|
| | | | | | |
Non-cash charges (1) | | | | | | |
Year ended March 31, 2011 | | $ | 9,561 |
| | $ | 3,226 |
| | $ | 12,787 |
|
Six months ended September 30, 2011 | | 3,310 |
| | 1,319 |
| | 4,629 |
|
Total | | $ | 12,871 |
| | $ | 4,545 |
| | $ | 17,416 |
|
| | | | | | |
Cumulative charges incurred as of September 30, 2011 | | $ | 68,789 |
| | $ | 14,503 |
| | $ | 83,292 |
|
| |
(1) | Includes stock-based compensation expense and write-offs of capitalized costs, primarily for internally-developed software that will no longer be utilized as a result of the initiative. |
The estimates for remaining transition-related costs are as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Minimum |
| | Maximum |
|
Severance and retention incentives | | $ | 15,000 |
| | $ | 22,000 |
|
Other costs | | 26,000 |
| | 29,000 |
|
Total | | $ | 41,000 |
| | $ | 51,000 |
|
While management expects the total estimated costs to be within the range disclosed, the nature of the costs may differ from those presented above.
12. Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles
In the normal course of its business, Legg Mason sponsors and is the manager of various types of investment vehicles. Certain of these investment vehicles are considered to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”) while others are considered to be voting rights entities (“VREs”) subject to traditional consolidation concepts based on ownership rights. Investment vehicles that are considered VREs are consolidated if Legg Mason has a controlling financial interest in the investment vehicle.
Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46(R) (Accounting Standards Update 2010-10, "Amendments to Statement 167 for Certain Investment Funds")
For most sponsored investment funds, including money market funds, Legg Mason determines it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it absorbs a majority of the VIE's expected losses, or receives a majority of the VIE's expected residual returns, if any. Legg
Mason's determination of expected residual returns excludes gross fees paid to a decision maker if certain criteria are met. In determining whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, Legg Mason considers both qualitative and quantitative factors such as the voting rights of the equity holders, economic participation of all parties, including how fees are earned and paid to Legg Mason, related party ownership, guarantees and implied relationships.
Legg Mason concluded it was the primary beneficiary of one sponsored investment fund VIE, and also held a controlling financial interest in two sponsored investment fund VREs, all of which were consolidated as of September 30, 2011, March 31, 2011, and September 30, 2010.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 167 (Accounting Standards Codification Topic 810, "Consolidation")
For other sponsored investment funds that do not meet certain criteria, if Legg Mason has a significant variable interest, it determines it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE if it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, that potentially could be significant to the VIE.
Legg Mason concluded that it was the primary beneficiary of one of two CLOs in which it has a variable interest. Although it holds no equity interest in either of these investment vehicles, it had both the power to control and had a significant variable interest in one CLO because of its expected subordinated fees. As of September 30, 2011, March 31, 2011, and September 30, 2010, the balances related to this CLO were consolidated on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Legg Mason's investment in CIVs as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, was $49,979 and $53,708, respectively, which represents its maximum risk of loss, excluding uncollected advisory fees. The assets of these CIVs are primarily comprised of investment securities. Investors and creditors of these CIVs have no recourse to the general credit or assets of Legg Mason beyond its investment in these funds.
The following tables reflect the impact of CIVs on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, and the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively:
Consolidating Balance Sheets
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2011 | | March 31, 2011 |
| | Balance Before Consolidation of CIVs | | CIVs | | Eliminations | | As Reported | | Balance Before Consolidation of CIVs | | CIVs (1) | | Eliminations | | As Reported |
Current assets | | $ | 2,074,231 |
| | $ | 81,099 |
| | $ | (50,407 | ) | | $ | 2,104,923 |
| | $ | 2,378,226 |
| | $ | 122,963 |
| | $ | (54,633 | ) | | $ | 2,446,556 |
|
Non-current assets | | 5,852,817 |
| | 301,409 |
| | — |
| | 6,154,226 |
| | 5,946,737 |
| | 314,463 |
| | — |
| | 6,261,200 |
|
Total assets | | $ | 7,927,048 |
| | $ | 382,508 |
| | $ | (50,407 | ) | | $ | 8,259,149 |
| | $ | 8,324,963 |
| | $ | 437,426 |
| | $ | (54,633 | ) | | $ | 8,707,756 |
|
Current liabilities | | $ | 810,193 |
| | $ | 10,607 |
| | $ | (427 | ) | | $ | 820,373 |
| | $ | 914,803 |
| | $ | 55,094 |
| | $ | (925 | ) | | $ | 968,972 |
|
Long-term debt of CIVs | | — |
| | 267,714 |
| | — |
| | 267,714 |
| | — |
| | 278,320 |
| | — |
| | 278,320 |
|
Other non-current liabilities | | 1,565,412 |
| | 4,285 |
| | — |
| | 1,569,697 |
| | 1,649,815 |
| | 3,553 |
| | — |
| | 1,653,368 |
|
Total liabilities | | 2,375,605 |
| | 282,606 |
| | (427 | ) | | 2,657,784 |
| | 2,564,618 |
| | 336,967 |
| | (925 | ) | | 2,900,660 |
|
Redeemable non-controlling interests | | 917 |
| | — |
| | 44,711 |
| | 45,628 |
| | 976 |
| | — |
| | 35,736 |
| | 36,712 |
|
Total stockholders’ equity | | 5,550,526 |
| | 99,902 |
| | (94,691 | ) | | 5,555,737 |
| | 5,759,369 |
| | 100,459 |
| | (89,444 | ) | | 5,770,384 |
|
Total liabilities and equity | | $ | 7,927,048 |
| | $ | 382,508 |
| | $ | (50,407 | ) | | $ | 8,259,149 |
| | $ | 8,324,963 |
| | $ | 437,426 |
| | $ | (54,633 | ) | | $ | 8,707,756 |
|
(1) Certain immaterial non-current liabilities of CIVs are included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Consolidating Statements of Income
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | September 30, 2011 | | September 30, 2010 |
| | Balance Before Consolidation of CIVs | | CIVs | | Eliminations | | As Reported | | Balance Before Consolidation of CIVs | | CIVs | | Eliminations | | As Reported |
Total operating revenues | | $ | 670,522 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (625 | ) | | $ | 669,897 |
| | $ | 675,753 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (959 | ) | | $ | 674,794 |
|
Total operating expenses | | 562,785 |
| | 885 |
| | (625 | ) | | 563,045 |
| | 586,393 |
| | 1,461 |
| | (959 | ) | | 586,895 |
|
Operating income (loss) | | 107,737 |
| | (885 | ) | | — |
| | 106,852 |
| | 89,360 |
| | (1,461 | ) | | — |
| | 87,899 |
|
Total other non-operating income (expense) | | (52,597 | ) | | 3,081 |
| | (1,559 | ) | | (51,075 | ) | | 12,746 |
| | 4,499 |
| | (1,836 | ) | | 15,409 |
|
Income (loss) before income tax provision | | 55,140 |
| | 2,196 |
| | (1,559 | ) | | 55,777 |
| | 102,106 |
| | 3,038 |
| | (1,836 | ) | | 103,308 |
|
Income tax (benefit) provision | | (1,606 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (1,606 | ) | | 26,720 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 26,720 |
|
Net income (loss) | | 56,746 |
| | 2,196 |
| | (1,559 | ) | | 57,383 |
| | 75,386 |
| | 3,038 |
| | (1,836 | ) | | 76,588 |
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 82 |
| | — |
| | 637 |
| | 719 |
| | 51 |
| | — |
| | 1,202 |
| | 1,253 |
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | 2,196 |
| | $ | (2,196 | ) | | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | 75,335 |
| | $ | 3,038 |
| | $ | (3,038 | ) | | $ | 75,335 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended |
| | September 30, 2011 | | September 30, 2010 |
| | Balance Before Consolidation of CIVs |
| | CIVs | | Eliminations |
| | As Reported |
| | Balance Before Consolidation of CIVs |
| | CIVs | | Eliminations |
| | As Reported |
|
Total operating revenues | | $ | 1,388,682 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1,677 | ) | | $ | 1,387,005 |
| | $ | 1,350,697 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1,738 | ) | | $ | 1,348,959 |
|
Total operating expenses | | 1,179,417 |
| | 2,047 |
| | (1,677 | ) | | 1,179,787 |
| | 1,157,317 |
| | 2,704 |
| | (1,738 | ) | | 1,158,283 |
|
Operating income (loss) | | 209,265 |
| | (2,047 | ) | | — |
| | 207,218 |
| | 193,380 |
| | (2,704 | ) | | — |
| | 190,676 |
|
Total other non-operating income (expense) | | (66,229 | ) | | 8,183 |
| | (3,830 | ) | | (61,876 | ) | | (16,225 | ) | | 2,106 |
| | (1,142 | ) | | (15,261 | ) |
Income (loss) before income tax provision | | 143,036 |
| | 6,136 |
| | (3,830 | ) | | 145,342 |
| | 177,155 |
| | (598 | ) | | (1,142 | ) | | 175,415 |
|
Income tax provision | | 26,261 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 26,261 |
| | 53,784 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 53,784 |
|
Net income (loss) | | 116,775 |
| | 6,136 |
| | (3,830 | ) | | 119,081 |
| | 123,371 |
| | (598 | ) | | (1,142 | ) | | 121,631 |
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 159 |
| | — |
| | 2,306 |
| | 2,465 |
| | 105 |
| | — |
| | (1,740 | ) | | (1,635 | ) |
Net income (loss) attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | 6,136 |
| | $ | (6,136 | ) | | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | 123,266 |
| | $ | (598 | ) | | $ | 598 |
| | $ | 123,266 |
|
Other non-operating income (expense) includes interest income, interest expense and net gains (losses) on investments and long-term debt determined on an accrual basis.
The consolidation of CIVs has no impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
The fair value of the financial assets and (liabilities) of CIVs were determined using the following categories of inputs as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of September 30, 2011 |
| | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Trading investments: | | | | | | | | |
Hedge funds | | $ | 1,026 |
| | $ | 13,884 |
| | $ | 33,327 |
| | $ | 48,237 |
|
Government and corporate securities | | — |
| | 10,075 |
| | — |
| | 10,075 |
|
Total trading investment securities | | 1,026 |
| | 23,959 |
| | 33,327 |
| | 58,312 |
|
Investments: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
CLO loans | | — |
| | 257,880 |
| | — |
| | 257,880 |
|
CLO bonds | | — |
| | 11,402 |
| | — |
| | 11,402 |
|
Private equity funds | | — |
| | — |
| | 23,513 |
| | 23,513 |
|
Total investments | | — |
| | 269,282 |
| | 23,513 |
| | 292,795 |
|
Other assets | | 7,083 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 7,083 |
|
| | $ | 8,109 |
| | $ | 293,241 |
| | $ | 56,840 |
| | $ | 358,190 |
|
| | | | | | | | |
Liabilities: | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
CLO debt | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (267,714 | ) | | $ | (267,714 | ) |
Derivative liabilities | | — |
| | (4,285 | ) | | — |
| | (4,285 | ) |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (4,285 | ) | | $ | (267,714 | ) | | $ | (271,999 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of March 31, 2011 |
| | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Trading investments: | | | | | | | | |
Hedge funds | | $ | — |
| | $ | 14,087 |
| | $ | 34,272 |
| | $ | 48,359 |
|
Government and corporate securities | | — |
| | 22,139 |
| | — |
| | 22,139 |
|
Repurchase agreements | | — |
| | 12,331 |
| | — |
| | 12,331 |
|
Total trading investment securities | | — |
| | 48,557 |
| | 34,272 |
| | 82,829 |
|
Investments: | | | | | | | | |
CLO loans | | — |
| | 275,948 |
| | — |
| | 275,948 |
|
CLO bonds | | — |
| | 18,813 |
| | — |
| | 18,813 |
|
Private equity funds | | — |
| | — |
| | 17,879 |
| | 17,879 |
|
Total investments | | — |
| | 294,761 |
| | 17,879 |
| | 312,640 |
|
Derivative assets | | 125 |
| | 45 |
| | — |
| | 170 |
|
| | $ | 125 |
| | $ | 343,363 |
| | $ | 52,151 |
| | $ | 395,639 |
|
| | | | | | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | |
| | |
| | |
|
CLO debt | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (278,320 | ) | | $ | (278,320 | ) |
Reverse repurchase agreements | | — |
| | (18,310 | ) | | — |
| | (18,310 | ) |
Derivative liabilities | | (128 | ) | | (14,169 | ) | | — |
| | (14,297 | ) |
| | $ | (128 | ) | | $ | (32,479 | ) | | $ | (278,320 | ) | | $ | (310,927 | ) |
In accordance with new accounting guidance adopted during the June 2011 quarter, the changes in assets and (liabilities) of CIVs measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, are now prepared on a gross basis in the tables below:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of June 30, 2011 | | Purchases | | Sales | | Transfers | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2011 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Hedge funds | | $ | 35,718 |
| | $ | 1,647 |
| | $ | (3,871 | ) | | $ | (1,057 | ) | | $ | 890 |
| | $ | 33,327 |
|
Private equity funds | | 19,792 |
| | 3,396 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 325 |
| | 23,513 |
|
| | $ | 55,510 |
| | $ | 5,043 |
| | $ | (3,871 | ) | | $ | (1,057 | ) | | $ | 1,215 |
| | $ | 56,840 |
|
Liabilities: | | |
| | |
| | | | |
| | |
| | |
|
CLO debt | | $ | (278,195 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 10,481 |
| | $ | (267,714 | ) |
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | |
| | $ | 11,696 |
| | |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of June 30, 2010 | | Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net | | Transfers | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2010 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Hedge funds | | $ | 13,934 |
| | $ | 2,189 |
| | $ | 2,627 |
| | $ | 962 |
| | $ | 19,712 |
|
Private equity funds | | 14,812 |
| | 1,011 |
| | — |
| | (21 | ) | | 15,802 |
|
| | $ | 28,746 |
| | $ | 3,200 |
| | $ | 2,627 |
| | $ | 941 |
| | $ | 35,514 |
|
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
CLO debt | | $ | (252,444 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (378 | ) | | $ | (252,822 | ) |
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | | $ | 563 |
| | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of March 31, 2011 | | Purchases | | Sales | | Transfers | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2011 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Hedge funds | | $ | 34,272 |
| | $ | 10,699 |
| | $ | (15,507 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 3,863 |
| | $ | 33,327 |
|
Private equity funds | | 17,879 |
| | 3,974 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 1,660 |
| | 23,513 |
|
| | $ | 52,151 |
| | $ | 14,673 |
| | $ | (15,507 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | 5,523 |
| | $ | 56,840 |
|
Liabilities: | | |
| | |
| | | | |
| | |
| | |
|
CLO debt | | $ | (278,320 | ) | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 10,606 |
| | $ | (267,714 | ) |
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | |
| | $ | 16,129 |
| | |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value as of March 31, 2010 | | Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net | | Transfers (1) | | Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net | | Value as of September 30, 2010 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Hedge funds | | $ | 12,374 |
| | $ | 3,389 |
| | $ | 2,627 |
| | $ | 1,322 |
| | $ | 19,712 |
|
Private equity funds | | 13,692 |
| | 2,654 |
| | — |
| | (544 | ) | | 15,802 |
|
| | $ | 26,066 |
| | $ | 6,043 |
| | $ | 2,627 |
| | $ | 778 |
| | $ | 35,514 |
|
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
CLO debt | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (249,668 | ) | | $ | (3,154 | ) | | $ | (252,822 | ) |
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | | $ | (2,376 | ) | | |
| |
(1) | Transfers into Level 3 for the six months ended September 30, 2010, primarily represent liabilities recorded upon the initial consolidation of investment vehicles. |
Realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 assets and liabilities of CIVs are included in Other non-operating income of CIVs on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Total unrealized gains for Level 3 investments and liabilities of CIVs relating only to those assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date were $9,990 and $854 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Total unrealized gains (losses) for Level 3 investments and liabilities of CIVs relating only to those assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date were $10,935 and $(2,084) for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
There were no significant transfers between Levels 1 and 2 during the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
The NAV values used as a practical expedient by CIVs have been provided by the investees and have been derived from the fair values of the underlying investments as of the reporting date. The following table summarizes, as of September 30, 2011, the nature of these investments and any related liquidation restrictions or other factors which may impact the ultimate value realized.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Category of Investment | | Investment Strategy | | Fair Value Determined Using NAV | | Unfunded Commitments | | Remaining Term |
Hedge funds | | Global, fixed income, macro, long/short equity, systematic, emerging market, U.S. and European hedge | | $ | 48,237 |
| (1) | n/a |
| | n/a |
Private equity funds | | Long/short equity | | 23,513 |
| (2) | $ | 10,449 |
| | 8 years |
Total | | | | $ | 71,750 |
| | $ | 10,449 |
| | |
n/a – not applicable
| |
(1) | 3% daily redemption; 5% monthly redemption; 27% quarterly redemption; 1% annual redemption; and 64% subject to three to five year lock-up or side pocket provisions. |
| |
(2) | Liquidations are expected over the remaining term. |
There are no current plans to sell any of these investments.
Legg Mason has elected the fair value option for certain eligible assets and liabilities, including corporate loans and debt, of the consolidated CLO. Management believes that the use of the fair value option eliminates certain timing differences and better matches the changes in fair value of assets and liabilities related to the CLO.
The following table presents the fair value and unpaid principal balance of CLO loans, bonds and debt carried at fair value under the fair value option as of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2011 | | March 31, 2011 |
CLO loans and bonds | | | | |
Unpaid principal balance | | $ | 287,338 |
| | $ | 299,044 |
|
Unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value | | (18,056 | ) | | (4,283 | ) |
Fair value | | $ | 269,282 |
| | $ | 294,761 |
|
| | |
| |
|
|
Unpaid principal balance of loans that are more than 90 days past due and also in nonaccrual status | | $ | 2,963 |
| | $ | 4,963 |
|
Unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value for loans that are more than 90 days past due and also in nonaccrual status | | (1,176 | ) | | (2,837 | ) |
Fair value of loans more than 90 days past due and in nonaccrual status | | $ | 1,787 |
| | $ | 2,126 |
|
| | | |
|
CLO debt | | | |
|
|
Principal amounts outstanding | | $ | 300,959 |
| | $ | 300,959 |
|
Excess unpaid principal over fair value | | (33,245 | ) | | (22,639 | ) |
Fair value | | $ | 267,714 |
| | $ | 278,320 |
|
During the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, total losses of $3,048 and $4,551, respectively, were recognized in Other non-operating income of CIVs in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to assets and liabilities for which the fair value option was elected. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2010, total gains (losses) of $2,593 and $(1,586), respectively, were recognized in Other non-operating income of CIVs in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to assets and liabilities for which the fair value option was elected. For CLO loans and CLO debt measured at fair value, substantially all of the estimated gains and losses included in earnings for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, were attributable to instrument specific credit risk due to the credit spreads for these instruments continuing to widen during the current periods. Specifically, overall credit spreads for the CLO debt across the entire capital structure widened due to a general credit curve steepening that occurred during the six months ended September 30, 2011.
The CLO debt bears interest at variable rates based on LIBOR plus a pre-defined spread, which ranges from 25 basis points to 400 basis points. All outstanding debt matures on July 15, 2018.
Total derivative liabilities of CIVs of $4,285 as of September 30, 2011, and total derivative assets and liabilities of CIVs of $170 and $14,297, respectively, as of March 31, 2011, are primarily recorded in Other liabilities of CIVs. Gains and (losses) of $41,896 and $(35,025), respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2011, and $53,986 and $(46,836), respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2011, related to derivative assets and liabilities of CIVs are included in Other non-operating income of CIVs. Gains and (losses) of $4,811 and $(5,387), respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2010, and $6,174 and $(7,926), respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2010, related to derivative assets and liabilities of CIVs are included in Other non-operating income (expense) of CIVs. There is no risk to Legg Mason in relation to the derivative assets and liabilities of the CIVs in excess of its investment in the funds, if any.
As of September 30, 2011, and March 31, 2011, for VIEs in which Legg Mason holds a significant variable interest or is the sponsor and holds a variable interest, but for which it was not the primary beneficiary, Legg Mason’s carrying value, the related VIE assets and liabilities and maximum risk of loss were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of September 30, 2011 |
| | VIE Assets Not Consolidated | | VIE Liabilities Not Consolidated | | Equity Interests on the Consolidated Balance Sheet | | Maximum Risk of Loss (1) |
CLO | | $ | 385,423 |
| | $ | 357,423 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 449 |
|
Public-Private Investment Program(2) | | 608,646 |
| | 2,682 |
| | 254 |
| | 538 |
|
Other sponsored investment funds | | 17,602,559 |
| | 11,469 |
| | 73,360 |
| | 107,410 |
|
Total | | $ | 18,596,628 |
| | $ | 371,574 |
| | $ | 73,614 |
| | $ | 108,397 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of March 31, 2011 |
| | VIE Assets Not Consolidated | | VIE Liabilities Not Consolidated | | Equity Interests on the Consolidated Balance Sheet | | Maximum Risk of Loss (1) |
CLO | | $ | 382,692 |
| | $ | 354,692 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 196 |
|
Public-Private Investment Program(2) | | 692,488 |
| | 2,002 |
| | 290 |
| | 290 |
|
Other sponsored investment funds | | 20,241,752 |
| | 16,771 |
| | 83,480 |
| | 121,899 |
|
Total | | $ | 21,316,932 |
| | $ | 373,465 |
| | $ | 83,770 |
| | $ | 122,385 |
|
| |
(1) | Includes equity investments the Company has made or is required to make and any earned but uncollected management fees. |
| |
(2) | The Company continues to manage funds under the Public-Private Investment Program. As a result of restructuring its investment during the three months ended June 30, 2010, the Company remains a sponsor but no longer has a variable interest in certain of the Public-Private Investment Program funds. |
The assets of these VIEs are primarily comprised of cash and cash equivalents and investment securities, and the liabilities are primarily comprised of debt and various expense accruals.
| |
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
Legg Mason, Inc., a holding company, with its subsidiaries (which collectively comprise “Legg Mason”) is a global asset management firm. Acting through our subsidiaries, we provide investment management and related services to institutional and individual clients, company-sponsored mutual funds and other investment vehicles. We offer these products and services directly and through various financial intermediaries. We have operations principally in the United States of America and the United Kingdom and also have offices in Australia, Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Dubai, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Switzerland and Taiwan. Terms such as “we,” “us,” “our,” and “company” refer to Legg Mason.
In connection with a realignment of our executive management team during fiscal 2011, we no longer manage our business in two divisions and, during the June 2011 quarter, eliminated the previous separation of the Americas and International divisions and combined them into one operating segment, Global Asset Management. We believe this structure allows us to function as a global organization with a single purpose. As a result of this change, we no longer present assets under management ("AUM") or revenues by division.
The financial services business we are engaged in is extremely competitive. Our competition includes numerous global, national, regional and local asset management firms, broker-dealers and commercial banks. The industry has been dramatically impacted over the last few years by the economic downturn, the consolidation of financial services firms through mergers and acquisitions and the continued introduction of new products and services. The industry is also subject to extensive regulation under federal, state, and foreign laws. Like most firms, we have been and will continue to be impacted by regulatory and legislative changes. Responding to these changes, and keeping abreast of regulatory developments, has required us to incur costs that continue to impact our profitability.
Our financial position and results of operations are materially affected by the overall trends and conditions of the financial markets, particularly in the United States, but increasingly in the other countries in which we operate. Results of any individual period should not be considered representative of future results. Our profitability is sensitive to a variety of factors, including the amount and composition of our assets under management, and the volatility and general level of securities prices and interest rates, among other things. Sustained periods of unfavorable market conditions are likely to affect our profitability adversely. In addition, the diversification of services and products offered, investment performance, access to distribution channels, reputation in the market, attracting and retaining key employees and client relations are significant factors in determining whether we are successful in attracting and retaining clients. For a further discussion of factors that may affect our results of operations, refer to Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, and in Item 1A. contained within this document.
Our strategy is focused on the three primary areas listed below. Management keeps these strategic priorities in mind when it evaluates our operating performance and financial condition. Consistent with this approach, we have also listed below the most important matters on which management currently focuses in evaluating our performance and financial condition.
| |
• | Outstanding independent investment managers |
| |
• | The investment performance of our asset management products and services compared to their benchmarks for the trailing 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods. |
| |
• | Our AUM, the components of the changes in our AUM amid continued market uncertainty, the long-term trend of outflows in AUM, and the resulting impact of changes in AUM on our revenues. |
| |
• | A corporate center that delivers strategic value |
| |
• | Management of expenses including the successful completion of our ongoing business model streamlining initiative. |
| |
• | Effective deployment of our excess capital through share repurchases, investments in proprietary fund products, and dividends. |
| |
• | A balanced portfolio across asset classes, geographies and channels |
| |
• | Our asset mix, focusing on higher-yielding assets in both equity and fixed income. |
| |
• | The impact of unfavorable global market conditions during the quarter ended September 30, 2011. |
The following discussion and analysis provides additional information regarding our financial condition and results of operations.
Business Environment
During the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, the financial environment in the United States continued to be challenging as concerns regarding continued economic issues related to the European debt crisis and the unprecedented downgrade to the U.S. credit rating resulted in a significant decline in the equity markets. As a result, all major U.S. equity market indices decreased during the three and six months ended September 30, 2011. While both the Barclays Capital Global Aggregate Bond Index and the Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index increased over the periods, the quarter ended September 30, 2011, was a very difficult one for fixed income securities with higher risk profiles. Details are illustrated in the following table:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | % Change as of and for the three months ended September 30: | | % Change as of and for the six months ended September 30: |
Indices(1) | | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2010 |
Dow Jones Industrial Average | | (12.09 | )% | | 10.37 | % | | (11.42 | )% | | (0.63 | )% |
S&P 500 | | (14.33 | )% | | 10.72 | % | | (14.66 | )% | | (2.41 | )% |
NASDAQ Composite Index | | (12.91 | )% | | 12.30 | % | | (13.15 | )% | | (1.22 | )% |
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index | | 3.82 | % | | 2.48 | % | | 6.20 | % | | 6.05 | % |
Barclays Capital Global Aggregate Bond Index | | 0.97 | % | | 7.30 | % | | 4.10 | % | | 7.25 | % |
| |
1 | Indices are trademarks of Dow Jones & Company, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc., and Barclays Capital, respectively, which are not affiliated with Legg Mason. |
During the quarter ended September 30, 2011, the Federal Reserve Board held the federal funds rate at 0.25%. We expect economic challenges to persist and therefore cannot predict how these uncertainties will impact our results.
Quarter Ended September 30, 2011, Compared to Quarter Ended September 30, 2010
Assets Under Management
The components of the changes in our AUM (in billions) for the three months ended September 30, were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
Beginning of period | | $ | 662.5 |
| | $ | 645.4 |
|
Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds | | |
| | |
|
Subscriptions | | 11.4 |
| | 10.8 |
|
Redemptions | | (14.2 | ) | | (9.9 | ) |
Separate account flows, net | | (12.3 | ) | | (13.5 | ) |
Liquidity fund flows, net | | (2.5 | ) | | (0.1 | ) |
Net client cash flows | | (17.6 | ) | | (12.7 | ) |
Market performance and other (1) | | (32.9 | ) | | 40.8 |
|
Dispositions | | (0.2 | ) | | — |
|
End of period | | $ | 611.8 |
| | $ | 673.5 |
|
(1) Includes impact of foreign exchange.
In the last three months, AUM decreased by $50.7 billion, or 7.7%, from $662.5 billion at June 30, 2011, to $611.8 billion at September 30, 2011. The decrease in AUM was primarily attributable to market depreciation of $32.9 billion, of which approximately 13% was attributable to the impact of foreign currency exchange fluctuation, followed by net outflows of $17.6 billion, of which $8.8 billion were fixed income, $5.7 billion were equity and $3.1 billion were liquidity outflows. While the majority of our asset managers experienced outflows during the quarter, fixed income and liquidity outflows were primarily in products managed by Western Asset Management Company ("Western Asset"), and equity outflows were primarily at Royce & Associates (“Royce”), Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. (“Batterymarch”), and ClearBridge Advisors LLC ("ClearBridge").
AUM at September 30, 2011, was $611.8 billion, a decrease of $61.7 billion or 9.2% from September 30, 2010. The decrease in AUM was attributable to net client outflows of $46.7 billion, spread across all asset classes, and dispositions of $21.8 billion, slightly offset by market appreciation of $6.8 billion. The majority of outflows were in fixed income assets with $28.3 billion, or 61% of total outflows, followed by equity and liquidity outflows of $16.0 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively. The majority of fixed income outflows were in products managed by Western Asset. With the exception of the June 2011 quarter, we have experienced outflows in our fixed income asset class since fiscal 2008. Equity outflows were primarily at Legg Mason Capital
Management, Inc. (“LMCM”), ClearBridge, Batterymarch, and Legg Mason Global Equities (“LMGE”). We generally earn higher fees and profits on equity AUM, and outflows in this asset class will more negatively impact our revenues and net income than would outflows in other asset classes. Due in part to investment performance issues, we have experienced outflows in our equity asset class since fiscal 2007, other than the quarter ended June 30, 2010.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2012, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney ("MSSB") amended certain historical Smith Barney brokerage programs providing for investment in liquidity funds that our asset managers manage that resulted in a reduction of approximately $18 billion in liquidity AUM during the six months ended September 30, 2011. As a significant portion of the management fees generated by these assets were being waived prior to the disposition, the disposition of this liquidity AUM resulted in a relatively small reduction in operating revenue of $16.1 million and $28.5 million, net of related fee waivers, in the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively, as compared to the three and six months ended September 30, 2010. In addition, we expect the amendments to result in an additional $7 billion in liquidity assets being transferred over the next 10 months.
AUM by asset class (in billions) as of September 30, was as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 | | % of Total | | 2010 | | % of Total | | % Change |
Equity | | $ | 144.9 |
| | 23.7 | % | | $ | 169.6 |
| | 25.2 | % | | (14.6 | )% |
Fixed Income | | 355.5 |
| | 58.1 |
| | 371.6 |
| | 55.2 |
| | (4.3 | ) |
Liquidity | | 111.4 |
| | 18.2 |
| | 132.3 |
| | 19.6 |
| | (15.8 | ) |
Total | | $ | 611.8 |
| | 100.0 | % | | $ | 673.5 |
| | 100.0 | % | | (9.2 | )% |
The component changes in our AUM by asset class (in billions) for the three months ended September 30, 2011, were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Equity | | Fixed Income | | Liquidity | | Total |
June 30, 2011 | | $ | 181.5 |
| | $ | 365.4 |
| | $ | 115.6 |
| | $ | 662.5 |
|
Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Subscriptions | | 5.3 |
| | 6.1 |
| | — |
| | 11.4 |
|
Redemptions | | (8.5 | ) | | (5.7 | ) | | — |
| | (14.2 | ) |
Separate account flows, net | | (2.5 | ) | | (9.2 | ) | | (0.6 | ) | | (12.3 | ) |
Liquidity fund flows, net | | — |
| | — |
| | (2.5 | ) | | (2.5 | ) |
Net client cash flows | | (5.7 | ) | | (8.8 | ) | | (3.1 | ) | | (17.6 | ) |
Dispositions | | — |
| | — |
| | (0.2 | ) | | (0.2 | ) |
Market performance | | (30.9 | ) | | (1.1 | ) | | (0.9 | ) | | (32.9 | ) |
September 30, 2011 | | $ | 144.9 |
| | $ | 355.5 |
| | $ | 111.4 |
| | $ | 611.8 |
|
Average AUM by asset class (in billions) for the three months ended September 30, was as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 | | % of Total | | 2010 | | % of Total | | % Change |
Equity | | $ | 166.3 |
| | 25.8 | % | | $ | 162.0 |
| | 24.6 | % | | 2.7 | % |
Fixed Income | | 364.7 |
| | 56.7 | % | | 365.0 |
| | 55.4 | % | | (0.1 | )% |
Liquidity | | 112.3 |
| | 17.5 | % | | 131.6 |
| | 20.0 | % | | (14.7 | )% |
Total | | $ | 643.3 |
| | 100.0 | % | | $ | 658.6 |
| | 100.0 | % | | (2.3 | )% |
Investment Performance(1)
Investment performance in the quarter ended September 30, 2011, was mixed. Continued sovereign debt concerns, the downgrading of U.S. debt, and continued slowing of global growth resulted in a generally negative equity market, as measured by the Wilshire 5000 Index losing 15.04% for the three months ended September 30, 2011. The best performing equity sector was utilities as measured by the S&P 500 Utility Index returning 1.55% for the three months ended September 30, 2011.
In the fixed income markets, the European debt crisis and the depleted toolkit of the Federal Reserve weighed heavily on yields.
The long end of the yield curve continued to flatten over the quarter as a result of moves made by the Federal Reserve and increasing inflationary concerns. The best performing fixed income sector was U.S. Government as measured by the Barclays U.S. Government Index returning 5.85% for the three months ended September 30, 2011.
The following table presents a summary of the percentage of our marketed composite assets(2) that outpaced their benchmarks as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, for the trailing 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of September 30, 2011 | | As of September 30, 2010 |
| 1-year |
| 3-year |
| 5-year |
| 10-year |
| | 1-year |
| 3-year |
| 5-year |
| 10-year |
|
Total (includes liquidity) | 58 | % | 83 | % | 52 | % | 85 | % | | 76 | % | 52 | % | 59 | % | 90 | % |
Equity | 45 | % | 67 | % | 68 | % | 80 | % | | 33 | % | 53 | % | 59 | % | 82 | % |
Fixed income | 48 | % | 84 | % | 29 | % | 81 | % | | 85 | % | 33 | % | 43 | % | 89 | % |
The following table presents a summary of the percentage of our U.S. mutual fund assets(3) that outpaced their Lipper category averages as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, for the trailing 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of September 30, 2011 | | As of September 30, 2010 |
| 1-year |
| 3-year |
| 5-year |
| 10-year |
| | 1-year |
| 3-year |
| 5-year |
| 10-year |
|
Total long-term | 67 | % | 80 | % | 76 | % | 74 | % | | 44 | % | 73 | % | 70 | % | 80 | % |
Equity | 59 | % | 77 | % | 70 | % | 70 | % | | 37 | % | 66 | % | 67 | % | 78 | % |
Fixed income | 82 | % | 85 | % | 87 | % | 85 | % | | 56 | % | 86 | % | 77 | % | 86 | % |
| |
(1) | Index performance in this section includes reinvestment of dividends and capital gains. |
| |
(2) | A composite is an aggregation of discretionary portfolios (separate accounts and investment funds) into a single group that represents a particular investment objective or strategy. Each of our asset managers has its own specific guidelines for including portfolios in their marketed composites. Assets under management that are not managed in accordance with the guidelines are not included in a composite. As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, 88% and 89% of our equity assets under management and 88% and 89% of our fixed income assets under management, respectively, were in marketed composites. |
| |
(3) | Source: Lipper Inc. includes open-end, closed-end, and variable annuity funds. As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, the U.S. long-term mutual fund assets represented in the data accounted for 16% of our total assets under management. The performance of our U.S. long-term mutual fund assets is included in the marketed composites. |
Business Model Streamlining Initiative
In May 2010, we announced an initiative to streamline our business model to drive increased profitability and growth that primarily involves transitioning certain shared services to our investment affiliates which are closer to the actual client relationships. We project that the initiative will result in $130 million to $150 million in expense reductions that will be fully realized on an annualized basis by the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012. These expense savings consist of (i) approximately $80 million in compensation and benefits cost reductions primarily from eliminating positions in certain corporate shared services functions as a result of transitioning such functions to the affiliates, and charging affiliates for other centralized services that will continue to be provided to them without any corresponding adjustment in affiliates' revenue sharing or other compensation arrangements; (ii) approximately $50 million in non-compensation costs from eliminating and streamlining activities in our corporate and distribution business units, including savings associated with consolidating office space; and (iii) approximately $10 million from our global distribution group sharing in certain affiliate revenues from retail assets under management without any corresponding adjustment in revenue sharing or other compensation arrangements.
The initiative involves approximately $125 million to $135 million in transition-related costs that primarily include charges for employee termination benefits and incentives to retain employees during the transition period. The transition-related costs will also include charges for consolidating leased office space, early contract terminations, asset disposals and professional fees. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, transition-related costs totaled $15.1 million and $28.9 million, respectively. Cumulative transition-related costs incurred through September 30, 2011, totaled $83.3 million. Substantially all of the remaining costs will be accrued during the remainder of calendar year 2011. On June 30, 2011, we concluded a significant phase of our business streamlining initiative, which included the transition of shared services to our affiliates and our second major reduction-in-force, which resulted in the largest headcount reduction under the streamlining initiative. Due to the completion of these activities, in the second quarter of fiscal 2012 we have achieved total estimated transition-related savings of approximately $26 million when compared to expense levels in periods prior to the commencement of the streamlining initiative. A majority of the estimated transition-related savings were incremental to the three and six months ended September 30, 2010, and are explained, where applicable, in the results of operations discussion to follow. We expect the amount of total quarterly savings to increase to
approximately $35 million by the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 when compared to expense levels in periods prior to the commencement of the streamlining initiative.
The nature and amount of transition costs and savings are based on estimates. While management expects the total costs and savings to be within the ranges disclosed, actual results may differ in amount and nature from these estimates. The achievement of all projected cost savings and margin improvements, as well as the amount and nature of transition-related costs, will be subject to many factors, including market conditions and other factors affecting our financial results, and those of our affiliates, and the rate of AUM growth. In addition, our business is dynamic and may require us to incur incremental expenses from time-to-time to grow and better support our business. See Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to our business streamlining initiative.
Results of Operations
In accordance with financial accounting standards on consolidation, we consolidate and separately identify certain sponsored investment vehicles, the most significant of which is a collateralized loan obligation entity (“CLO”). The consolidation of these investment vehicles has no impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. and does not have a material impact on our consolidated operating results. We also hold investments in certain consolidated sponsored investment funds and the change in the value of these investments, which is recorded in Other non-operating income (expense), is reflected in our Net Income, net of amounts allocated to noncontrolling interests. The impact of the consolidation of investment vehicles is presented in our “Consolidated Statements of Income, Excluding Consolidated Investment Vehicles” (See Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information). Also, see Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the consolidation of investment vehicles.
Operating Revenues
Total operating revenues in the quarter ended September 30, 2011, were $669.9 million, a decrease of 0.7% from $674.8 million in the prior year quarter as a 2% decrease in average AUM and a decline in performance fees were offset in part by the impact of increased revenue yields resulting from a more favorable asset mix. As previously discussed, the disposition of liquidity AUM related to the MSSB relationship resulted in a relatively small reduction in operating revenues of $16.1 million, net of related fee waivers, in the September 2011 quarter, as compared to the September 2010 quarter, as a significant portion of the management fees generated by these assets were being waived prior to the disposition.
Investment advisory fees from separate accounts decreased $8.2 million, or 4.0%, to $196.0 million. Of this decrease, $4.6 million was the result of lower average equity assets managed by LMCM and Legg Mason Investment Counsel & Trust Company ("LMIC"), $2.4 million was due to the impact of a reduction in subordinate fees received during the current year quarter from certain CLOs managed by Western Asset, and $2.1 million was primarily due to the sale of a Singapore-based asset manager in the March 2011 quarter. These decreases were offset in part by an increase of $1.4 million due to higher average equity assets managed by ClearBridge.
Investment advisory fees from funds increased $19.3 million, or 5.4%, to $376.8 million. Of this increase, $18.3 million was the result of higher average equity assets managed by Royce, and $12.1 million was the result of higher average fixed income assets managed at Western Asset. These increases were offset in part by a decrease of $14.3 million, net of related fee waivers, due to lower average liquidity assets managed at Western Asset, primarily as a result of the disposition of liquidity AUM related to our MSSB relationship.
Performance fees decreased $9.5 million, or 48.8%, to $10.0 million, primarily as a result of lower performance fees earned on assets managed at The Permal Group, Ltd. ("Permal") and Western Asset, offset slightly by an increase in performance fees earned on assets managed at Brandywine.
Distribution and service fees decreased $6.5 million, or 7.1%, to $85.8 million, primarily as a result of a decline in average mutual fund AUM subject to distribution and servicing fees.
Operating Expenses
Total compensation and benefits decreased $25.9 million to $270.0 million. Transition-related compensation increased $1.4 million to $12.3 million, and represents accruals for severance and retention costs related to our business streamlining initiative. Compensation and benefits, excluding transition-related compensation, decreased $27.3 million, or 9.6%, to $257.7 million. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in deferred compensation and revenue share-based incentive obligations of $36.4 million resulting from net market losses on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, which are offset by net losses in Other non-operating income (expense), as well as, a $12.0 million decrease in corporate compensation primarily resulting from headcount reductions and a $5.4 million reduction in compensation due to costs transferred to affiliates, both in connection with our business streamlining initiative. These decreases were offset in part by an increase in incentives from
changes in an expense reimbursement arrangement with Western Asset and an increase in non-cash amortization expense associated with certain deferred compensation awards totaling $18.3 million, as well as additional costs of approximately $5.7 million associated with market-based compensation increases among retained staff and new hires to support on-going growth initiatives, primarily in our global distribution group.
Compensation as a percentage of operating revenues decreased to 40.3% in the September 2011 quarter compared to 43.8% in the prior year quarter primarily as a result of compensation decreases related to net market losses on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments. This decrease was offset in part by the impact of the change in the expense reimbursement arrangement with Western Asset.
Distribution and servicing expenses decreased 3.3% to $160.4 million, primarily as a result of a decrease in average AUM in certain products for which we pay fees to third-party distributors, as well as a $2.7 million decrease in servicing expenses as a result of our business streamlining initiative.
Communications and technology expense increased 5.7% to $41.6 million, principally driven by increases in technology outsourcing, market data and other data processing costs totaling $3.8 million, primarily incurred by our affiliates as a result of our business streamlining initiative. In addition, printing costs increased $0.9 million for work related to certain fund mergers in the current quarter. These increases were offset in part by a $2.8 million decrease in depreciation of technology hardware and software, due to full depreciation or the retirement of assets prior to or during the current quarter associated with our streamlining changes.
Occupancy expense increased 6.6% to $35.7 million, primarily due to a $1.0 million lease reserve recorded in the current quarter related to subleasing certain office space.
Amortization of intangible assets remained essentially flat at $5.5 million.
Other expenses increased $3.3 million to $49.9 million, primarily as a result of a $2.2 million increase in expense reimbursements paid to certain mutual funds, $1.6 million of foreign currency losses, a $1.4 million increase in travel and entertainment and advertising costs, and a $1.0 million increase in professional fees. These increases were offset in part by a $2.8 million reduction in charges for litigation reserves and trading errors.
Non-Operating Income (Expense)
Interest income increased 37.4% to $3.0 million, driven by slightly higher average yields earned on investment balances.
Interest expense decreased 11.5% to $21.6 million, as a result of the retirement of our Equity Units during the June 2011 quarter, which reduced interest expense by $1.4 million, and a reduction in interest accruals for uncertain tax positions of $1.3 million.
Other income (expense) decreased $68.7 million to an expense of $35.5 million, primarily as a result of $39.1 million in net market losses on investments in proprietary fund products, which were partially offset by compensation decreases discussed above, and $29.2 million in unrealized market losses on assets invested for deferred compensation plans, which were substantially offset by the compensation decreases discussed above.
Other non-operating income of consolidated investment vehicles (“CIVs”) decreased $1.4 million to $3.1 million, primarily due to a reduction in net market gains on investments of certain CIVs.
Income Tax (Benefit) Expense
The income tax benefit was $1.6 million compared to income tax expense of $26.7 million in the prior year quarter. During the quarter ended September 30, 2011, the United Kingdom ("U.K.") Finance Act 2011 (the "Act") was enacted. The Act reduced the main U.K. corporate income tax rate from 27% to 26% effective April 1, 2011, and to 25% effective April 1, 2012. The impact of the tax rate changes on certain existing deferred tax liabilities resulted in a tax benefit of $18.3 million in the current year quarter. The prior year quarter also included a similar tax benefit of $8.9 million on the revaluation of deferred tax liabilities. The effective tax (benefit) rate was (2.9)% for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, compared to an effective tax rate of 25.9% in the prior year quarter. Changes in the U.K. tax rate impacted the effective tax rate by 32.8 percentage points in the September 2011 quarter and 8.6 percentage points in the September 2010 quarter. The effective tax (benefit) rate, excluding the impact of CIVs, was (2.9)% for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to an effective tax rate of 26.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc., hereafter referred to as “Net Income”, for the three months ended September 30,
2011, totaled $56.7 million, or $0.39 per diluted share, compared to $75.3 million, or $0.50 per diluted share, in the prior year period. The decrease in Net Income was primarily due to net market losses on investments in proprietary fund products that are not offset in compensation expense, and an increase in incentives from changes in an expense reimbursement arrangement with Western Asset, as previously discussed. These decreases were offset in part by a decrease in corporate compensation costs due to our business streamlining initiative, the impact of the U.K. tax rate adjustment, and the decrease in interest expense, as previously discussed. Adjusted Income (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information) decreased to $87.6 million, or $0.61 per diluted share, for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, from $115.0 million, or $0.76 per diluted share, in the prior year quarter, primarily due to the decrease in Net Income, as previously discussed, excluding the impact of the U.K. tax rate change. Operating margin increased to 16.0% from 13.0% in the prior year quarter. Operating Margin, as Adjusted (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information), for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was 21.3% and 24.1%, respectively.
Six Months Ended September 30, 2011, Compared to Six Months Ended September 30, 2010
Assets Under Management
The components of the changes in our AUM (in billions) for the six months ended September 30, were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
Beginning of period | | $ | 677.6 |
| | $ | 684.5 |
|
Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds | | |
| | |
|
Subscriptions | | 24.7 |
| | 24.3 |
|
Redemptions | | (27.6 | ) | | (20.4 | ) |
Separate account flows, net | | (17.7 | ) | | (24.7 | ) |
Liquidity fund flows, net | | (0.7 | ) | | (15.0 | ) |
Net client cash flows | | (21.3 | ) | | (35.8 | ) |
Market performance and other (1) | | (24.9 | ) | | 24.8 |
|
Dispositions | | (19.6 | ) | | — |
|
End of period | | $ | 611.8 |
| | $ | 673.5 |
|
(1) Includes impact of foreign exchange.
In the last six months, AUM decreased by $65.8 billion, or 9.7%, from $677.6 billion at March 31, 2011, to $611.8 billion at September 30, 2011. The decrease in AUM was primarily attributable to market depreciation of $24.9 billion, followed by net outflows of $21.3 billion and dispositions of $19.6 billion. The majority of dispositions were in liquidity assets, $18.3 billion, which resulted from the amendment of historical Smith Barney brokerage programs discussed above. There were also $1.3 billion in dispositions from the sale of Barrett Associates. Net outflows were $21.3 billion, with $11.5 billion in equity assets, $8.7 billion in fixed income assets and $1.1 billion in liquidity assets. Equity outflows were primarily at LMCM, Batterymarch, and ClearBridge. Fixed income outflows were primarily at Western Asset.
The component changes in our AUM by asset class (in billions) for the six months ended September 30, 2011, were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Equity | | Fixed Income | | Liquidity | | Total |
March 31, 2011 | | $ | 189.6 |
| | $ | 356.6 |
| | $ | 131.4 |
| | $ | 677.6 |
|
Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Subscriptions | | 12.5 |
| | 12.2 |
| | — |
| | 24.7 |
|
Redemptions | | (16.7 | ) | | (10.9 | ) | | — |
| | (27.6 | ) |
Separate account flows, net | | (7.3 | ) | | (10.0 | ) | | (0.4 | ) | | (17.7 | ) |
Liquidity fund flows, net | | — |
| | — |
| | (0.7 | ) | | (0.7 | ) |
Net client cash flows | | (11.5 | ) | | (8.7 | ) | | (1.1 | ) | | (21.3 | ) |
Dispositions | | (1.1 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | | (18.3 | ) | | (19.6 | ) |
Market performance | | (32.1 | ) | | 7.8 |
| | (0.6 | ) | | (24.9 | ) |
September 30, 2011 | | $ | 144.9 |
| | $ | 355.5 |
| | $ | 111.4 |
| | $ | 611.8 |
|
Average AUM by asset class (in billions) for the six months ended September 30, was as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 | | % of Total | | 2010 | | % of Total | | % Change |
Equity | | $ | 176.2 |
| | 26.9 | % | | $ | 166.1 |
| | 24.9 | % | | 6.1 | % |
Fixed Income | | 363.6 |
| | 55.4 | % | | 364.3 |
| | 54.7 | % | | (0.2 | )% |
Liquidity | | 116.4 |
| | 17.7 | % | | 135.6 |
| | 20.4 | % | | (14.2 | )% |
Total | | $ | 656.2 |
| | 100.0 | % | | $ | 666.0 |
| | 100.0 | % | | (1.5 | )% |
Operating Revenues
Total operating revenues in the six months ended September 30, 2011, were $1.39 billion, an increase of 2.8% from $1.35 billion in the prior year period, despite a 1% decrease in average AUM and a decrease in performance fees, reflecting increased revenue yields resulting from a more favorable asset mix. The previously discussed disposition of liquidity AUM related to the MSSB relationship resulted in a relatively small reduction in operating revenues of $28.5 million, net of related fee waivers, in the six months ended September 30, 2011, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2010, as a significant portion of the management fees generated by these assets were being waived prior to the disposition.
Investment advisory fees from separate accounts decreased $4.4 million, or 1.1%, to $400.8 million. Of this decrease, $5.1 million was the result of lower average equity assets managed by LMCM and $3.5 million was primarily due to the sale of a Singapore-based asset manager in March 2011. These decreases were offset in part by higher average equity assets managed by Batterymarch, and higher average fixed income assets managed by Brandywine Global Management, LLC ("Brandywine").
Investment advisory fees from funds increased $66.8 million, or 9.4%, to $777.0 million. Of this increase, $61.7 million was the result of higher average equity assets managed by Royce, Permal, and ClearBridge, and $26.7 million was the result of higher average fixed income assets managed at Western Asset. These increases were offset in part by a decrease of $24.4 million, net of related fee waivers, due to lower average liquidity assets managed at Western Asset, primarily as a result of the disposition of liquidity AUM related to our MSSB relationship.
Performance fees decreased $13.7 million, or 32.4%, to $28.6 million, primarily as a result of lower fees earned on assets managed at Western Asset and Permal, offset in part by an increase in performance fees earned on assets managed at Brandywine and Royce.
Distribution and service fees decreased $10.8 million, or 5.7%, to $177.8 million, primarily as a result of the disposition of the liquidity AUM related to the MSSB relationship.
Operating Expenses
Total compensation and benefits increased $17.1 million to $581.7 million. Transition-related compensation increased $10.1 million to $23.7 million and represents accruals for severance and retention costs related to our business streamlining initiative. Compensation and benefits, excluding transition-related compensation, increased $7.0 million, or 1.3%, to $558.0 million, primarily driven by an increase in incentives from changes in an expense reimbursement arrangement with Western Asset and an increase in non-cash amortization expense associated with certain deferred compensation awards totaling $38.1 million. A $10.3 million increase in revenue share-based incentive compensation resulting from higher revenues, offset in part by an increase in other operating expenses at revenue-share based affiliates partly due to incremental costs incurred as a result of the transition of services under our streamlining, and additional costs of approximately $10.5 million associated with market-based compensation increases among retained staff and new hires to support on-going growth initiatives, primarily in our global distribution group, also contributed to the increase. These increases were substantially offset by a decrease in deferred compensation and revenue share-based incentive obligations of $34.1 million resulting from net market losses on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, which are offset by net losses in Other non-operating income (expense), as well as a $18.5 million decrease in corporate compensation, primarily due to headcount reductions resulting from our business streamlining initiative.
Compensation as a percentage of operating revenues for the six months ended September 30, 2011, remained flat at 41.9% in comparison to the prior year period, as the impact of the change in the expense reimbursement arrangement with Western Asset was offset by the impact of compensation decreases related to net market losses on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments.
Distribution and servicing expenses decreased 2.7% to $341.1 million, primarily as a result of a $5.0 million decrease in structuring-fees related to closed-end fund launches, as well as a $4.6 million decrease in servicing expenses as a result of our business streamlining initiative.
Communications and technology expense increased 3.5% to $82.1 million, principally driven by increases in technology outsourcing, market data and other data processing costs totaling $6.8 million, primarily incurred by our affiliates as a result of our business streamlining initiative. These increases were offset in part by a $5.3 million decrease in depreciation of technology hardware and software, due to full depreciation or the retirement of assets prior to or during the current period associated with our streamlining changes.
Occupancy expense increased 2.6% to $68.9 million, primarily due to a $1.2 million increase related to costs incurred in connection with our business streamlining initiative.
Amortization of intangible assets remained essentially flat at $11.1 million.
Other expenses increased $9.7 million to $94.8 million, primarily as a result of a $3.5 million increase in travel and entertainment and advertising costs, a $2.8 million increase in expense reimbursements paid to certain mutual funds, and a $2.7 million increase in professional fees.
Non-Operating Income (Expense)
Interest income increased 51.5% to $6.0 million, driven by slightly higher yields earned on investment balances.
Interest expense decreased 6.9% to $44.0 million, as a result of a reduction in interest accruals for uncertain tax positions of $1.7 million and the retirement of our Equity Units during the June 2011 quarter, which reduced interest expense by $1.3 million.
Other income (expense) decreased $58.0 million to an expense of $32.1 million, primarily as a result of $40.2 million in net market losses on investments in proprietary fund products, which were partially offset by compensation decreases discussed above, and $20.6 million in unrealized market losses on assets invested for deferred compensation plans, which were substantially offset by corresponding decreases described above.
Other non-operating income of consolidated investment vehicles increased $6.1 million, to a gain of $8.2 million, primarily due to an increase in net market gains on investments of certain CIVs.
Income Tax Expense
The provision for income taxes was $26.3 million compared to $53.8 million in the prior year period. The impact of the tax rate changes in the Act on certain existing deferred tax liabilities resulted in a tax benefit of $18.3 million in the current period. The prior year period also included a similar tax benefit of $8.9 million on the revaluation of deferred tax liabilities. The effective tax rate was 18.1% for the six months ended September 30, 2011, compared to 30.7% in the prior year period. Changes in the U.K. tax rate impacted the effective tax rate by 12.7 percentage points in the six months ended September 30, 2011, and 5.1 percentage points in the prior year period. The effective tax rate, excluding the impact of CIVs, was approximately 18.4% for the six months ended September 30, 2011, and 30.4% for the six months ended September 30, 2010.
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
Net Income for the six months ended September 30, 2011, totaled $116.6 million, or $0.80 per diluted share, compared to $123.3 million, or $0.79 per diluted share, in the prior year period. The decrease in Net Income was primarily due to an increase in incentive compensation from changes in an expense reimbursement arrangement with Western Asset, the impact of net market losses on proprietary fund products and assets invested for deferred compensation plans which are not offset in compensation and benefits, and the increase in transition-related compensation, as previously discussed. These decreases were offset in part by the net impact of increased operating revenues, a decrease in corporate compensation costs due to our business streamlining initiative, as well as the impact of the U.K. tax rate adjustment, as previously discussed. Adjusted Income (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information) decreased to $196.7 million, or $1.34 per diluted share, for the six months ended September 30, 2011, from $211.3 million, or $1.35 per diluted share, in the prior year period, primarily due to the decrease in Net Income, as previously discussed, excluding the impact of the U.K. tax rate adjustment. Operating margin increased to 14.9% from 14.1% in the prior year period. Operating Margin, as Adjusted (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information), for the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was 21.1% and 22.6%, respectively.
Quarter Ended September 30, 2011 Compared to Quarter Ended June 30, 2011
Results of Operations
Net Income for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, was $56.7 million, or $0.39 per diluted share, compared to $60.0 million, or $0.40 per diluted share, in the quarter ended June 30, 2011. Operating revenues decreased 6.6% from $717.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2011, to $669.9 million in the September 2011 quarter, reflecting a 4% decline in average AUM, a
less favorable asset mix and an $8.6 million decrease in performance fees. Operating expenses decreased 8.7%, from $616.7 million in the June quarter to $563.0 million in the September quarter, driven by a reduction in compensation and benefits expense of $41.8 million, as well as the impact of $11.4 million in costs related to a closed-end fund launch in the June 2011 quarter. The change in compensation and benefits was primarily due to a $21.3 million decrease in revenue-share based compensation expense, mostly due to decreased revenues, and a decrease of $11.9 million resulting from net market losses on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, which were offset by net losses in Other non-operating income (expense). Excluding the net market losses described above, Other non-operating income (expense) decreased $28.4 million, primarily due to net market losses on investments in proprietary fund products. Adjusted Income (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information) was $87.6 million, or $0.61 per diluted share, for the September quarter, compared to $109.1 million, or $0.73 per diluted share, in the June quarter. Operating margin was 16.0% in the September 2011 quarter compared to 14.0% in the June 2011 quarter. Operating Margin, as Adjusted (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information), for the three months ended September 30, 2011, and June 30, 2011, was 21.3% and 21.0%, respectively.
Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information
As supplemental information, we are providing performance measures that are based on methodologies other than generally accepted accounting principles (“non-GAAP”) for “Consolidated Statements of Income, Excluding Consolidated Investment Vehicles”, "Adjusted Income", and "Operating Margin, As Adjusted" that management uses as benchmarks in evaluating and comparing our period-to-period operating performance.
Consolidated Statements of Income, Excluding Consolidated Investment Vehicles
In accordance with financial accounting standards on consolidation, we consolidate and separately identify certain sponsored investment vehicles, the most significant of which is a CLO. In presenting our “Consolidated Statements of Income, Excluding Consolidated Investment Vehicles”, we add back the investment advisory and distribution and servicing fees that are eliminated upon the consolidation of investment vehicles and exclude the operating expenses and the impact on non-operating income (expense) and noncontrolling interests of CIVs.
We believe it is important to provide the Consolidated Statements of Income, Excluding Consolidated Investment Vehicles to present the underlying economic performance of our core asset management operations, which does not include the results of the investment funds that we manage but may not own all of the equity invested. By deconsolidating the CIVs from the Consolidated Statements of Income, the investment advisory and distribution fees we earn from CIVs are added back to reflect our actual revenues. Similarly the operating expenses and the impact on non-operating income (expense) and noncontrolling interests of CIVs are removed from the GAAP basis Statements of Income since this activity does not actually belong to us. The deconsolidation of the investment vehicles does not have any impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. in any period presented. The Consolidated Statements of Income, Excluding Consolidated Investment Vehicles are presented in addition to our GAAP basis Consolidated Statements of Income, but are not substitutes for the GAAP basis Consolidated Statements of Income and may not be comparable to Consolidated Statements of Income presented on a non-GAAP basis of other companies.
The following tables present a reconciliation of our Consolidated Statements of Income presented on a GAAP basis to our Consolidated Statements of Income, Excluding Consolidated Investment Vehicles for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, and June 30, 2011, and the six months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
| | GAAP Basis | | CIVs | | Non-GAAP Basis - Excluding CIVs | | GAAP Basis | | CIVs | | Non-GAAP Basis - Excluding CIVs |
Total operating revenues | | $ | 669,897 |
| | $ | 625 |
| | $ | 670,522 |
| | $ | 674,794 |
| | $ | 959 |
| | $ | 675,753 |
|
Total operating expenses | | 563,045 |
|
| (260 | ) |
| 562,785 |
| | 586,895 |
| | (502 | ) | | 586,393 |
|
Operating Income | | 106,852 |
| | 885 |
| | 107,737 |
| | 87,899 |
| | 1,461 |
| | 89,360 |
|
Other non-operating income (expense) | | (51,075 | ) | | (1,522 | ) | | (52,597 | ) | | 15,409 |
| | (2,663 | ) | | 12,746 |
|
Income (Loss) before Income Tax Provision | | 55,777 |
| | (637 | ) | | 55,140 |
| | 103,308 |
| | (1,202 | ) | | 102,106 |
|
Income tax (benefit) provision | | (1,606 | ) | | — |
| | (1,606 | ) | | 26,720 |
| | — |
| | 26,720 |
|
Net Income (Loss) | | 57,383 |
| | (637 | ) | | 56,746 |
| | 76,588 |
| | (1,202 | ) | | 75,386 |
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 719 |
| | (637 | ) | | 82 |
| | 1,253 |
| | (1,202 | ) | | 51 |
|
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | 75,335 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 75,335 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | June 30, 2011 |
| | GAAP Basis | | CIVs | | Non-GAAP Basis - Excluding CIVs |
Total operating revenues | | $ | 717,108 |
| | $ | 1,052 |
| | $ | 718,160 |
|
Total operating expenses | | 616,742 |
| | (110 | ) | | 616,632 |
|
Operating Income | | 100,366 |
| | 1,162 |
| | 101,528 |
|
Other non-operating income (expense) | | (10,801 | ) | | (2,831 | ) | | (13,632 | ) |
Income (Loss) before Income Tax Provision | | 89,565 |
| | (1,669 | ) | | 87,896 |
|
Income tax provision | | 27,867 |
| | — |
| | 27,867 |
|
Net Income (Loss) | | 61,698 |
| | (1,669 | ) | | 60,029 |
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 1,746 |
| | (1,669 | ) | | 77 |
|
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 59,952 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 59,952 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
| | GAAP Basis | | CIVs | | Non-GAAP Basis - Excluding CIVs | | GAAP Basis | | CIVs | | Non-GAAP Basis - Excluding CIVs |
Total operating revenues | | $ | 1,387,005 |
|
| $ | 1,677 |
|
| $ | 1,388,682 |
| | $ | 1,348,959 |
|
| $ | 1,738 |
| | $ | 1,350,697 |
|
Total operating expenses | | 1,179,787 |
|
| (370 | ) |
| 1,179,417 |
| | 1,158,283 |
|
| (966 | ) | | 1,157,317 |
|
Operating Income | | 207,218 |
| | 2,047 |
| | 209,265 |
| | 190,676 |
| | 2,704 |
| | 193,380 |
|
Other non-operating income (expense) | | (61,876 | ) |
| (4,353 | ) |
| (66,229 | ) | | (15,261 | ) |
| (964 | ) | | (16,225 | ) |
Income (Loss) before Income Tax Provision | | 145,342 |
| | (2,306 | ) | | 143,036 |
| | 175,415 |
| | 1,740 |
| | 177,155 |
|
Income tax provision | | 26,261 |
|
| — |
|
| 26,261 |
| | 53,784 |
|
| — |
| | 53,784 |
|
Net Income (Loss) | | 119,081 |
| | (2,306 | ) | | 116,775 |
| | 121,631 |
| | 1,740 |
| | 123,371 |
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | | 2,465 |
|
| (2,306 | ) |
| 159 |
| | (1,635 | ) |
| 1,740 |
| | 105 |
|
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | 123,266 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 123,266 |
|
Adjusted Income
We define “Adjusted Income” as Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. plus amortization and deferred taxes related to intangible assets and goodwill, and imputed interest and tax benefits on contingent convertible debt less deferred income taxes on goodwill and indefinite-life intangible asset impairment, if any. We also adjust for non-core items that are not reflective of our economic performance, such as impairment charges and the impact of tax rate adjustments on certain deferred tax liabilities related to indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill, and net money market fund support losses (gains).
We believe that Adjusted Income provides a useful representation of our operating performance adjusted for non-cash acquisition related items and other items that facilitate comparison of our results to the results of other asset management firms that have not issued contingent convertible debt, made significant acquisitions, or engaged in money market fund support transactions. We also believe that Adjusted Income is an important metric in estimating the value of an asset management business.
Adjusted Income only considers adjustments for certain items that relate to operating performance and comparability, and therefore, is most readily reconcilable to Net Income determined under GAAP. This measure is provided in addition to Net Income, but is not a substitute for Net Income and may not be comparable to non-GAAP performance measures, including measures of adjusted earnings or adjusted income, of other companies. Further, Adjusted Income is not a liquidity measure and should not be used in place of cash flow measures determined under GAAP. We consider Adjusted Income to be useful to investors because it is an important metric in measuring the economic performance of asset management companies, as an indicator of value, and because it facilitates comparison of our operating results with the results of other asset management firms that have not engaged in significant acquisitions, issued contingent convertible debt, or engaged in money market fund support transactions.
In calculating Adjusted Income, we add the impact of the amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions, such as management contracts, to Net Income to reflect the fact that these non-cash expenses distort comparisons of our operating results with the results of other asset management firms that have not engaged in significant acquisitions. Deferred taxes on indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill include actual tax benefits from amortization deductions that are not realized under GAAP absent an impairment charge or the disposition of the related business. Because we fully expect to realize the economic benefit of the current period tax amortization, we add this benefit to Net Income in the calculation of Adjusted Income. However, because of our net operating loss carryforward, we will receive the benefit of the current tax amortization over time. Conversely, we subtract the non-cash income tax benefits on goodwill and indefinite-life intangible asset impairment charges and United Kingdom tax rate adjustments on excess book basis on certain acquired indefinite-life intangible assets, if applicable, that have been recognized under GAAP. We also add back imputed interest on contingent convertible debt, which is a non-cash expense, as well as the actual tax benefits on the related contingent convertible debt that are not realized under GAAP. We also add (subtract) other non-core items, such
as net money market fund support losses (gains) (net of losses on the sale of the underlying structured investment vehicle securities, if applicable). These adjustments reflect that these items distort comparisons of our operating results to prior periods and the results of other asset management firms that have not engaged in money market fund support transactions or significant acquisitions, including any related impairments.
Should a disposition, impairment charge or other non-core item occur, its impact on Adjusted Income may distort actual changes in the operating performance or value of our firm. Also, realized losses on money market fund support transactions are reflective of changes in the operating performance and value of our firm. Accordingly, we monitor these items and their related impact, including taxes, on Adjusted Income to ensure that appropriate adjustments and explanations accompany such disclosures.
Although depreciation and amortization of fixed assets are non-cash expenses, we do not add these charges in calculating Adjusted Income because these charges are related to assets that will ultimately require replacement.
A reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. to Adjusted Income (in thousands except per share amounts) is as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | September 30, 2011 | | June 30, 2011 | | September 30, 2010 |
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 56,664 |
| | $ | 59,952 |
| | $ | 75,335 |
|
Plus (less): | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Amortization of intangible assets | | 5,504 |
| | 5,578 |
| | 5,749 |
|
Deferred income taxes on intangible assets: | | | | | | |
Tax amortization benefit | | 33,955 |
| | 34,038 |
| | 33,681 |
|
U.K. tax rate adjustment | | (18,268 | ) | | — |
| | (8,878 | ) |
Imputed interest on convertible debt | | 9,741 |
| | 9,489 |
| | 9,146 |
|
Adjusted Income | | $ | 87,596 |
| | $ | 109,057 |
| | $ | 115,033 |
|
Net Income per diluted share attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. common shareholders | | $ | 0.39 |
| | $ | 0.40 |
| | $ | 0.50 |
|
Plus (less): | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Amortization of intangible assets | | 0.04 |
| | 0.04 |
| | 0.04 |
|
Deferred income taxes on intangible assets: | | | | | | |
Tax amortization benefit | | 0.24 |
| | 0.23 |
| | 0.22 |
|
U.K. tax rate adjustment | | (0.13 | ) | | — |
| | (0.06 | ) |
Imputed interest on convertible debt | | 0.07 |
| | 0.06 |
| | 0.06 |
|
Adjusted Income per diluted share | | $ | 0.61 |
| | $ | 0.73 |
| | $ | 0.76 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended |
| | September 30, 2011 | | September 30, 2010 |
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. | | $ | 116,616 |
| | $ | 123,266 |
|
Plus (less): | | | | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | 11,082 |
| | 11,477 |
|
Deferred income taxes on intangible assets: | | | | |
Tax amortization benefit | | 67,993 |
| | 67,368 |
|
U.K. tax rate adjustment | | (18,268 | ) | | (8,878 | ) |
Imputed interest on convertible debt | | 19,230 |
| | 18,055 |
|
Adjusted Income | | $ | 196,653 |
| | $ | 211,288 |
|
Net Income per diluted share attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. common shareholders | | $ | 0.80 |
| | $ | 0.79 |
|
Plus (less): | | | | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | 0.07 |
| | 0.07 |
|
Deferred income taxes on intangible assets: | | | | |
Tax amortization benefit | | 0.46 |
| | 0.43 |
|
U.K. tax rate adjustment | | (0.12 | ) | | (0.06 | ) |
Imputed interest on convertible debt | | 0.13 |
| | 0.12 |
|
Adjusted Income per diluted share | | $ | 1.34 |
| | $ | 1.35 |
|
Operating Margin, as Adjusted
We calculate “Operating Margin, as Adjusted,” by dividing (i) Operating Income, adjusted to exclude the impact on compensation expense of gains or losses on investments made to fund deferred compensation plans, the impact on compensation expense of gains or losses on seed capital investments by our affiliates under revenue sharing agreements, transition-related costs of streamlining our business model, income (loss) of CIVs, and impairment charges by (ii) our operating revenues, adjusted to add back net investment advisory fees eliminated upon consolidation of investment vehicles, less distribution and servicing expenses which we use as an approximate measure of revenues that are passed through to third parties, which we refer to as “adjusted operating revenues”. The compensation items, other than transition-related costs, are removed from Operating Income in the calculation because they are offset by an equal amount in Other non-operating income (expense), and thus have no impact on Net Income. Transition-related costs and income (loss) of CIVs are removed from Operating Income in the calculation because these items are not reflective of our core asset management operations. We use adjusted operating revenues in the calculation to show the operating margin without distribution and servicing expenses, which we use to approximate our distribution revenues that are passed through to third parties as a direct cost of selling our products, although distribution and servicing expenses may include commissions paid in connection with the launching of closed-end funds for which there is no corresponding revenue in the period. Adjusted operating revenues also include our advisory revenues we receive from CIVs that are eliminated in consolidation under GAAP.
We believe that Operating Margin, as Adjusted, is a useful measure of our performance because it provides a measure of our core business activities excluding items that have no impact on Net Income and because it indicates what our operating margin would have been without the distribution revenues that are passed through to third parties as a direct cost of selling our products, transition-related costs, and the impact of the consolidation of certain investment vehicles described above. The consolidation of these investment vehicles does not have an impact to Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. This measure is provided in addition to our operating margin calculated under GAAP, but is not a substitute for calculations of margins under GAAP and may not be comparable to non-GAAP performance measures, including measures of adjusted margins, of other companies.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | September 30, 2011 | | June 30, 2011 | | September 30, 2010 |
Operating Revenues, GAAP basis | | $ | 669,897 |
| | $ | 717,108 |
| | $ | 674,794 |
|
Plus (less): | | |
| | |
| | |
|
Operating revenues eliminated upon consolidation of investment vehicles | | 625 |
| | 1,052 |
| | 959 |
|
Distribution and servicing expense excluding consolidated investment vehicles | | (160,379 | ) | | (180,743 | ) | | (165,845 | ) |
Operating Revenues, as Adjusted | | $ | 510,143 |
| | $ | 537,417 |
| | $ | 509,908 |
|
| | | | | | |
Operating Income, GAAP basis | | $ | 106,852 |
| | $ | 100,366 |
| | $ | 87,899 |
|
Plus (less): | | |
| | |
| | |
|
Gains (losses) on deferred compensation and seed investments | | (14,243 | ) | | (2,366 | ) | | 22,122 |
|
Transition-related costs | | 15,138 |
| | 13,720 |
| | 11,587 |
|
Operating income and expenses of consolidated investment vehicles | | 885 |
| | 1,162 |
| | 1,461 |
|
Operating Income, as Adjusted | | $ | 108,632 |
| | $ | 112,882 |
| | $ | 123,069 |
|
| | | | | | |
Operating margin, GAAP basis | | 16.0 | % | | 14.0 | % | | 13.0 | % |
Operating margin, as adjusted | | 21.3 |
| | 21.0 |
| | 24.1 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended |
| | September 30, 2011 | | September 30, 2010 |
Operating Revenues, GAAP basis | | $ | 1,387,005 |
| | $ | 1,348,959 |
|
Plus (less): | | |
| | |
|
Operating revenues eliminated upon consolidation of investment vehicles | | 1,677 |
| | 1,738 |
|
Distribution and servicing expense excluding consolidated investment vehicles | | (341,122 | ) | | (350,534 | ) |
Operating Revenues, as Adjusted | | $ | 1,047,560 |
| | $ | 1,000,163 |
|
| | | | |
Operating Income, GAAP basis | | $ | 207,218 |
| | $ | 190,676 |
|
Plus (less): | | |
| | |
|
Gains (losses) on deferred compensation and seed investments | | (16,609 | ) | | 17,501 |
|
Transition-related costs | | 28,858 |
| | 14,742 |
|
Operating income and expenses of consolidated investment vehicles | | 2,047 |
| | 2,704 |
|
Operating Income, as Adjusted | | $ | 221,514 |
| | $ | 225,623 |
|
| | | | |
Operating margin, GAAP basis | | 14.9 | % | | 14.1 | % |
Operating margin, as adjusted | | 21.1 |
| | 22.6 |
|
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The primary objective of our capital structure is to appropriately support our business strategies and to provide needed liquidity at all times, including maintaining required capital in certain subsidiaries. Liquidity and the access to liquidity is important to the success of our ongoing operations. For a further discussion of our principal liquidity and capital resources policies, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011.
The consolidation of variable interest entities discussed above did not impact our liquidity and capital resources. We have no rights to the benefits from, nor do we bear the risks associated with, the assets and liabilities of the CIVs, beyond our investments in and investment advisory fees generated from these vehicles, which are eliminated in consolidation. Additionally, creditors of the CIVs have no recourse to our general credit beyond the level of our investment, if any, so we do not consider these liabilities to be our obligations.
Our assets consist primarily of intangible assets, goodwill, cash and cash equivalents, investment advisory and related fee receivables and investment securities. Our assets have been principally funded by equity capital, long-term debt and the results of our operations. At September 30, 2011, excluding CIVs, our cash and cash equivalents, total assets, long-term debt and stockholders’ equity were $1.1 billion, $7.9 billion, $1.1 billion and $5.6 billion, respectively. Total assets and total liabilities of the CIVs at September 30, 2011, were $383 million and $283 million, respectively.
The following table summarizes our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30 (in millions):
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
Cash flows provided by operating activities | | $ | 168.2 |
| | $ | 161.6 |
|
Cash flows provided by (used for) investing activities | | 3.1 |
| | (10.9 | ) |
Cash flows used for financing activities | | (437.9 | ) | | (337.4 | ) |
Effect of exchange rate changes | | (15.7 | ) | | 4.7 |
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | | (282.3 | ) | | (182.0 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | 1,375.9 |
| | 1,465.9 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 1,093.6 |
| | $ | 1,283.9 |
|
Cash inflows provided by operating activities during the six months ended September 30, 2011, were $168.2 million. Excluding
activity related to CIVs, cash inflows provided by operating activities were $159.1 million, primarily related to Net Income, adjusted for non-cash items, offset in part by the impact of annual payments for accrued and deferred compensation. Cash inflows provided by investing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2011, were $3.1 million. Excluding activity related to CIVs, there were cash outflows used for investing activities of $7.0 million, primarily attributable to payments made for fixed assets, offset in part by the payment of an escrow deposit that was charged to occupancy expense as a transition-related cost in the prior year. Cash outflows used for financing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2011, were $437.9 million. Excluding activity related to CIVs, there were cash outflows used for financing activities of $419.6 million, primarily due to the repurchase of 13.6 million of our common shares for $400.3 million. This repurchase completes our plan to repurchase $400 million of our common stock by the end of fiscal 2012. There remains $155 million under the current Board of Directors authorization to repurchase up to $1 billion of our common stock, announced in May 2010.
Cash inflows provided by operating activities during the six months ended September 30, 2010, were $161.6 million. Excluding activity related to CIVs, there were cash inflows provided by operating activities of $140.8 million, primarily related to Net Income, adjusted for non-cash items, offset in part by net purchases of trading investments, the impact of annual deferred compensation payments, and the payment of various other obligations. Cash outflows used for investing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2010, were $10.9 million, primarily attributable to payments made for fixed assets. Cash outflows used for financing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2010, were $337.4 million, primarily due to the repurchase of 11.4 million of our common shares for $336.4 million. There were no significant investing or financing activities related to CIVs.
We expect that over the next 12 months our operating activities will be adequate to support our operating cash needs. In addition to our ordinary operating cash needs, as discussed above, we anticipate other cash needs during the next 12 months. In connection with the announced plan to streamline our business model, we expect to incur transition-related costs in the range of $125 million to $135 million through December 2011, of which approximately 15% are non-cash charges. Approximately $83 million of cumulative costs, including approximately $17 million of non-cash charges, have been incurred to date and substantially all of the remaining costs will be accrued during the remainder of calendar year 2011. Approximately $46 million of costs have been paid to date, and substantially all of the remaining costs will be paid during the remainder of fiscal 2012. We project that the initiative will result in annual cost savings of approximately $130 million to $150 million, excluding costs incurred to achieve these savings, and expect to achieve the savings on a run rate basis by the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012. See Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding transition-related costs recorded in the six months ended September 30, 2011.
We currently intend to utilize our other available resources for any number of potential activities, including seed capital investments in new products, repurchase of shares of our common stock, repayment of outstanding debt, payment of dividends, and acquisitions.
As described above, we currently project that our available cash and cash flows from operating activities will be sufficient to fund our liquidity needs. We also currently have over $700 million of cash in excess of our working capital requirements. We do not currently expect to raise additional debt or equity financing over the next 12 months, although existing facilities may be refinanced. However, there can be no assurances of these expectations as our projections could prove to be incorrect, unexpected events may occur that require additional liquidity, such as an acquisition opportunity or an opportunity to refinance indebtedness, or market conditions might significantly worsen, affecting our results of operations and generation of available cash. If these events result in our operations and available cash being insufficient to fund liquidity needs, we would likely seek to manage our available resources by taking actions such as additional cost-cutting, reducing our expected expenditures on investments, reducing future stock repurchases, selling assets (such as investment securities), repatriating earnings from foreign affiliates, or modifying arrangements with our affiliates and/or employees. Should these types of actions prove insufficient, or should a large acquisition or refinancing opportunity arise, we may seek to raise additional equity or debt.
In a prior year, we initiated plans to repatriate accumulated earnings of approximately $225 million, of which $189 million has yet to be repatriated. We still intend to repatriate these earnings to create foreign source income in order to utilize foreign tax credits that may otherwise expire unutilized. No further repatriation of accumulated prior period earnings beyond the $225 million of foreign earnings is currently planned, however, we may repatriate future earnings.
On June 30, 2011, the $103.0 million of outstanding debt on the remaining 5.6% senior notes from Equity Units was retired, as part of a remarketing. Concurrently, Legg Mason issued 1.8 million shares of Legg Mason common stock upon the exercise of the purchase contracts from the Equity Units.
The agreements entered into as part of our January 2008 issuance of $1.25 billion in 2.5% convertible senior notes prevent us from incurring additional debt, with a few exceptions, if our gross debt to EBITDA ratio (as defined in the documents) exceeds 2.5. As of September 30, 2011, our gross debt to EBITDA ratio was 2.5, which would effectively prohibit us from borrowing additional amounts.
Certain of our outstanding debt is currently impacted by the ratings of two rating agencies. The interest rate on our revolving line of credit is based on the higher credit rating of the two rating agencies. In June 2011, our rating by one of these agencies was downgraded one notch below the other. Should the other agency downgrade our rating, absent an upgrade from the former agency, our interest costs will rise modestly.
On October 25, 2011, the Board of Directors approved a regular quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.08 per share payable on January 9, 2012.
Contractual Obligations and Contingent Payments
We have contractual obligations to make future payments in connection with our short and long-term debt, non-cancelable lease agreements and service agreements. The following table sets forth these contractual obligations (in millions) by fiscal year as of September 30, 2011, unless otherwise noted, and excludes contractual obligations of CIVs, as we are not responsible or liable for these obligations:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Remaining 2012 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | 2015 | | 2016 | | Thereafter | | Total |
Contractual Obligations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Short-term borrowings(1) | | $ | 250.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 250.0 |
|
Long-term borrowings by contract maturity(2) | | 0.6 |
| | 1.2 |
| | 1.3 |
| | 1,251.3 |
| | 6.1 |
| | — |
| | 1,260.5 |
|
Interest on short-term and long-term borrowings(2)(3) | | 19.5 |
| | 33.4 |
| | 31.7 |
| | 31.6 |
| | 0.3 |
| | — |
| | 116.5 |
|
Minimum rental and service commitments | | 79.9 |
| | 138.9 |
| | 112.0 |
| | 99.2 |
| | 89.9 |
| | 522.5 |
| | 1,042.4 |
|
Total Contractual Obligations(4)(5)(6) | | $ | 350.0 |
| | $ | 173.5 |
| | $ | 145.0 |
| | $ | 1,382.1 |
| | $ | 96.3 |
| | $ | 522.5 |
| | $ | 2,669.4 |
|
| |
(1) | Represents borrowing under our revolving line of credit which does not expire until February 2013. However, we may elect to repay this debt sooner if management elects to utilize a portion of our available cash for this purpose. |
| |
(2) | Excludes long-term borrowings of the consolidated CLO of $267.7 million and interest on these long-term borrowings, as applicable. |
| |
(3) | Interest on floating rate short-term debt is based on rates at September 30, 2011. |
| |
(4) | The table above does not include approximately $39.6 million in capital commitments to investment partnerships in which Legg Mason is a limited partner and other investment vehicles. These obligations are expected to be funded, as required, through the end of the commitment periods through fiscal 2018. |
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(5) | The table above does not include amounts for uncertain tax positions of $66.7 million (net of the federal benefit for state tax liabilities) because the timing of any related cash outflows cannot be reliably estimated. |
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(6) | The table above does not include amounts related to our business streamlining initiatives. |
Critical Accounting Policies
The following critical accounting policy has been updated from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2011.
Intangible Assets and Goodwill
In December 2010, we announced a realignment of our executive management team, which during the quarter ended June 30, 2011, resulted in the combination of the Americas and International divisions into one operating segment, Global Asset Management. Internal management reporting has been modified consistent with this realignment such that discrete financial information regularly received by the chief operating decision maker, our Chief Executive Officer, is at the consolidated Global Asset Management business level. As a result, the former Americas and International operating segments are no longer our reporting units, and subsequently, goodwill is recorded and evaluated at one Global Asset Management reporting unit level. After considering actual and current projected AUM, margins, revenues and relevant other market factors in comparison to the inputs to our most recent goodwill impairment tests as of December 31, 2010, the composition of the assets and liabilities included in the reporting units and the fact that the fair values of our reporting units at December 31, 2010, exceeded their respective carrying values by substantial amounts, a detailed determination of the fair value of the Global Asset Management reporting unit was not deemed necessary. Accordingly, the change in our reporting units did not result in a goodwill impairment.
Recent Accounting Developments
See discussion of Other Recent Accounting Developments in Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Forward-Looking Statements
We have made in this report, and from time to time may otherwise make in our public filings, press releases and statements by our management, “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including information relating to anticipated growth in revenues or earnings per share, anticipated changes in our businesses or in the amount of our client AUM, anticipated future performance of our business, anticipated future investment performance of our subsidiaries, our expected future net client cash flows, anticipated expense levels, changes in expenses, the expected effects of acquisitions and expectations regarding financial market conditions. The words or phrases “can be,” “may be,” “expects,” “may affect,” “may depend,” “believes,” “estimate,” “project,” “anticipate” and similar words and phrases are intended to identify
such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various known and unknown risks and uncertainties and we caution readers that any forward-looking information provided by or on behalf of Legg Mason is not a guarantee of future performance.
Actual results may differ materially from those in forward-looking information as a result of various factors, some of which are beyond our control, including but not limited to those discussed elsewhere herein, under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2011, and in our other public filings, press releases and statements by our management. Due to such risks, uncertainties and other factors, we caution each person receiving such forward-looking information not to place undue reliance on such statements. Further, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made, and we undertake no obligations to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
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Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
During the six months ended September 30, 2011, there were no material changes to the information contained in Part II, Item 7A of Legg Mason’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011.
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Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
As of September 30, 2011, Legg Mason's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of Legg Mason's disclosure controls and procedures. In evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, Legg Mason's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, concluded that Legg Mason's disclosure controls and procedures were effective on a reasonable assurances basis. There have been no changes in Legg Mason's internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2011, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Legg Mason's internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1A. Risk Factors
During the six months ended September 30, 2011, there were no material changes to the information contained in Part I, Item 1A. of Legg Mason's Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011.
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Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
The following table sets out information regarding our purchases of Legg Mason common stock in each month during the quarter ended September 30, 2011:
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Period | | Total number of shares purchased | | Average price paid per share | | Total number of shares repurchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs (1) | | Approximate dollar value that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs (1) |
July 1, 2011 through July 31, 2011 | | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
| — |
|
| $ | 354,933,694 |
|
August 1, 2011 through August 31, 2011 | | 7,564,178 |
|
| 26.44 |
|
| 7,564,178 |
|
| 154,938,375 |
|
September 1, 2011 through September 30, 2011 | | — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 154,938,375 |
|
Total | | 7,564,178 |
| | $ | 26.44 |
| | 7,564,178 |
| | $ | 154,938,375 |
|
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(1) | On May 10, 2010, we announced that our Board of Directors replaced a prior stock purchase authorization with a new authorization to purchase up to $1 billion worth of our common stock. There is no expiration date attached to this authorization. |
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3.1 | Articles of Incorporation of Legg Mason (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason’s Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011) |
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3.2 | By-laws of Legg Mason as amended and restated July 26, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011) |
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10.1 | Legg Mason, Inc. 1996 Equity Incentive plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the definitive proxy statement for Legg Mason's 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders)* |
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10.2 | 5-year Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2005, as amended and restated by the Amendment Agreement dated as of February 11, 2010, among Legg Mason, Inc., as Borrower, Citibank N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other banks party thereto |
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12 | Computation of consolidated ratios of earnings to fixed charges |
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31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer |
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31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer |
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32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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101 | Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Legg Mason, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, filed on November 8, 2011, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements tagged in detail |
* These exhibits are management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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| LEGG MASON, INC. |
| (Registrant) |
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DATE: November 8, 2011 | /s/ Mark R. Fetting |
| Mark R. Fetting |
| Chairman, President and |
| Chief Executive Officer |
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DATE: November 8, 2011 | /s/ Peter H. Nachtwey |
| Peter H. Nachtwey |
| Chief Financial Officer and Senior Executive Vice President |
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
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3.1 | Articles of Incorporation of Legg Mason (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason’s Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011) |
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3.2 | By-laws of Legg Mason as amended and restated July 26, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011) |
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10.1 | Legg Mason, Inc. 1996 Equity Incentive plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the definitive proxy statement for Legg Mason's 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders)* |
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10.2 | 5-year Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2005, as amended and restated by the Amendment Agreement dated as of February 11, 2010, among Legg Mason, Inc., as Borrower, Citibank N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other banks party thereto |
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12 | Computation of consolidated ratios of earnings to fixed charges |
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31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer |
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31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer |
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32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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101 | Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Legg Mason, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, filed on November 8, 2011, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements tagged in detail |
* These exhibits are management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.