THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
FINANCIAL REVIEW
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 | ||
Managements Discussion and Analysis of the Companys Financial Condition and |
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2 | ||
6 | ||
7 | ||
13 | ||
28 | ||
31 | ||
45 | ||
47 | ||
48 | ||
48 | ||
52 | ||
53 | ||
61 | ||
64 | ||
67 | ||
69 | ||
71 | ||
73 | ||
76 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Income For The Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
77 | |
79 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Years |
80 | |
81 | ||
125 | ||
126 | ||
127 | ||
128 | ||
132 | ||
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
132 | |
133 | ||
133 | ||
134 | ||
135 | ||
136 | ||
147 | ||
147 | ||
148 | ||
150 | ||
151 | ||
153 |
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts and unless otherwise noted) |
2006(1) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003(3) | 2002 | |||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 1,499 | $ | 1,340 | $ | 1,157 | $ | 1,143 | $ | 1,159 | ||||||||||
Noninterest Income |
5,322 | 4,698 | 4,377 | 3,723 | 2,875 | |||||||||||||||
Revenue |
6,821 | 6,038 | 5,534 | 4,866 | 4,034 | |||||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
(20 | ) | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | 132 | 634 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
4,671 | 4,067 | 3,698 | 3,304 | 2,367 | |||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes |
2,170 | 1,978 | 1,840 | 1,430 | 1,033 | |||||||||||||||
Income Taxes |
694 | 635 | 587 | 458 | 320 | |||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
1,476 | 1,343 | 1,253 | 972 | 713 | |||||||||||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Taxes |
1,535 | 228 | 187 | 185 | 189 | |||||||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 3,011 | $ | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | $ | 1,157 | $ | 902 | ||||||||||
Basic EPS: |
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Income from Continuing Operations |
$ | 1.95 | $ | 1.75 | $ | 1.63 | $ | 1.29 | $ | 0.99 | ||||||||||
Net Income |
3.98 | 2.05 | 1.87 | 1.54 | 1.25 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted EPS: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
1.93 | 1.74 | 1.61 | 1.28 | 0.98 | |||||||||||||||
Net Income(2) |
3.93 | 2.03 | 1.85 | 1.52 | 1.24 | |||||||||||||||
Cash Dividends Per Share |
0.86 | 0.82 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.76 | |||||||||||||||
At December 31 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Securities |
$ | 21,106 | $ | 27,218 | $ | 23,770 | $ | 22,780 | $ | 18,233 | ||||||||||
Loans |
37,793 | 32,927 | 28,375 | 28,414 | 24,743 | |||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
103,370 | 102,118 | 94,529 | 92,397 | 77,740 | |||||||||||||||
Deposits |
62,146 | 49,787 | 43,052 | 40,753 | 40,828 | |||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
8,773 | 7,817 | 6,121 | 6,121 | 5,440 | |||||||||||||||
Common Shareholders Equity |
11,593 | 9,876 | 9,290 | 8,428 | 6,684 | |||||||||||||||
Market Capitalization (In billions) |
29.8 | 24.6 | 26.0 | 25.7 | 17.4 | |||||||||||||||
Common Shares Outstanding (In millions) |
755.861 | 771.129 | 778.121 | 775.192 | 725.971 | |||||||||||||||
Employees (Continuing Operations) |
22,961 | 19,944 | 19,646 | 18,747 | 15,188 | |||||||||||||||
Ratios |
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Performance Ratios |
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Return on Average Common Shareholders Equity |
29.14 | % | 16.59 | % | 16.37 | % | 15.12 | % | 13.96 | % | ||||||||||
Return on Average Tangible Common Shareholders Equity |
59.25 | 31.13 | 31.46 | 31.90 | 23.20 | |||||||||||||||
Return on Average Assets |
2.82 | 1.55 | 1.45 | 1.27 | 1.13 | |||||||||||||||
Return on Average Tangible Assets |
3.01 | 1.65 | 1.54 | 1.34 | 1.17 | |||||||||||||||
Net Interest Margin (Continuing Operations) |
2.01 | 2.02 | 1.79 | 1.97 | 2.34 | |||||||||||||||
Pre-Tax Operating Margin (Continuing Operations) |
32 | 33 | 33 | 29 | 26 | |||||||||||||||
Common Equity to Assets Ratio |
11.21 | 9.67 | 9.83 | 9.12 | 8.60 | |||||||||||||||
Common Dividend Payout Ratio |
21.78 | 41.00 | 42.22 | 48.83 | 60.78 | |||||||||||||||
Dividend Yield |
2.2 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 3.2 | |||||||||||||||
Capital Ratios |
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Tier 1 Capital Ratio |
8.19 | % | 8.38 | % | 8.31 | % | 7.44 | % | 7.58 | % | ||||||||||
Total Capital Ratio |
12.49 | 12.48 | 12.21 | 11.49 | 11.96 | |||||||||||||||
Leverage Ratio |
6.67 | 6.60 | 6.41 | 5.82 | 6.48 | |||||||||||||||
Tangible Common Equity Ratio |
5.13 | 5.57 | 5.56 | 4.91 | 5.47 | |||||||||||||||
Other Data |
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Assets Under Custody (In trillions)Estimated |
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Total Assets Under Custody |
$ | 13.0 | $ | 10.9 | $ | 9.7 | $ | 8.3 | $ | 6.8 | ||||||||||
Equity Securities |
33 | % | 32 | % | 35 | % | 34 | % | 26 | % | ||||||||||
Fixed Income Securities |
67 | 68 | 65 | 66 | 74 | |||||||||||||||
Cross-Border Assets Under Custody |
$ | 4.7 | $ | 3.4 | $ | 2.7 | $ | 2.3 | $ | 1.9 | ||||||||||
Assets Under Management (In billions)Estimated |
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Asset Management Sector |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity Securities |
$ | 39 | $ | 37 | $ | 36 | $ | 30 | $ | 22 | ||||||||||
Fixed Income Securities |
21 | 20 | 22 | 19 | 19 | |||||||||||||||
Alternative Investments |
33 | 15 | 15 | 9 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
Liquid Assets |
38 | 33 | 29 | 31 | 29 | |||||||||||||||
Total Asset Management Sector |
131 | 105 | 102 | 89 | 76 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign Exchange Overlay |
11 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
Securities Lending Short-Term Investment Funds |
48 | 40 | 26 | 17 | | |||||||||||||||
Total Assets Under Management |
$ | 190 | $ | 155 | $ | 137 | $ | 112 | $ | 80 | ||||||||||
(1) | The Companys Retail Business, sold to JPMorgan Chase & Co. on October 1, 2006, has been accounted for as discontinued operations. |
(2) | Excluding the $2,159 million of pre-tax gain on the sale of the Retail Business and $151 million of pre-tax merger and integration costs, diluted earnings per share would have been $2.26 in 2006. |
(3) | The 2003 results reflect $96 million of pre-tax merger and integration costs associated with the Pershing acquisition as well as a $78 million pre-tax expense related to the settlement of a claim by General Motors Acceptance Corporation (GMAC) related to the 1999 sale of BNY Financial Corporation (BNYFC). |
1
MA NAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE COMPANYS FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)
The Bank of New York Company, Inc.s (the Company) actual results of future operations may differ from those estimated or anticipated in certain forward looking statements contained herein for reasons which are discussed below and under the heading Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors. When used in this report words such as estimate, forecast, project, anticipate, confident, target, expect, intend, think, continue, seek, believe, plan, goal, could, should, may, will, strategy, highly attractive, extraordinarily strong and rapidly growing competitor, synergies, opportunities, superior returns, well-positioned, pro forma and words of similar meaning, signify forward-looking statements in addition to statements specifically identified as forward looking statements. In addition, certain business terms used in this document are defined in the Glossary.
The Companys Businesses
The Bank of New York Company, Inc. (NYSE: BK) is a global leader in providing a comprehensive array of services that enable institutions and individuals to move and manage their financial assets in more than 100 markets worldwide. The Company has a long tradition of collaborating with clients to deliver innovative solutions through its core competencies: securities servicing, treasury management, private banking, and asset management. The Companys extensive global client base includes a broad range of leading financial institutions, corporations, government entities, endowments and foundations. Its principal subsidiary, The Bank of New York (the Bank), founded in 1784, is the oldest bank in the United States and has consistently played a prominent role in the evolution of financial markets worldwide.
The Companys strategy over the past decade has been to focus on highly scalable, fee-based securities servicing and fiduciary businesses, and it has achieved top three market share in most of its major product lines. The Company distinguishes itself competitively by offering one of the industrys broadest array of products and services around the investment lifecycle. These include:
| advisory and asset management services to support the investment decision; |
| custody, securities lending, accounting, and administrative services for investment portfolios; |
| clearance and settlement capabilities and trade and foreign exchange execution; |
| sophisticated risk and performance measurement tools for analyzing portfolios; and |
| services for issuers of both equity and debt securities. |
By providing integrated solutions for clients needs, the Company strives to be the preferred partner in helping its clients succeed in the worlds rapidly evolving financial markets.
The Companys long-term financial objectives include:
| achieving positive operating leverage over an economic cycle; and |
| sustaining top-line growth by expanding client relationships and winning new ones. |
To achieve its long-term objectives, the Company has grown both through internal reinvestment as well as execution of strategic acquisitions to expand product offerings and increase market share in its scale businesses. Internal reinvestment occurs through increased technology spending, staffing levels, marketing/branding initiatives, quality programs, and product development. The Company consistently invests in technology to improve the breadth and quality of its product offerings, and to increase economies of scale. The Company has acquired over 90 businesses over the past ten years, almost exclusively in its securities servicing and asset management areas.
2
Actions taken in the year 2006 significantly transformed the Company. During 2006 the Company:
| Agreed to merge with Mellon Financial Corporation (Mellon), a global leader in asset management and securities servicing |
| Sold its retail and regional middle market banking businesses (Retail Business) |
| Purchased the corporate trust business (the Acquired Corporate Trust Business) of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPMorgan Chase) |
| Formed a joint venture known as BNY ConvergEx Group, LLC, a trade execution and investment technology firm |
On December 3, 2006, the Company and Mellon entered into a definitive agreement to merge, creating the worlds largest securities servicing and asset management firm. The new company, which will be called The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, will be the worlds leading asset servicer with assets under custody expected to exceed $17 trillion, the worlds leading corporate trustee with assets under trusteeship expected to exceed $8 trillion, and will rank among the top 10 global asset managers with assets under management expected to exceed $1.1 trillion.
Under the terms of the agreement, the Companys shareholders will receive 0.9434 shares in the new company for each share of the Company that they own and Mellon shareholders will receive one share in the new company for each Mellon share they own. The Company and Mellon have entered into reciprocal stock option agreements for 19.9% of each others outstanding common stock.
The transaction has been unanimously approved by each companys board of directors and is expected to be completed early in the third quarter of 2007, subject to regulatory and shareholder approvals. Assuming the achievement of planned synergies, on a GAAP basis the transaction is expected to be 1.0% dilutive to the Companys operating earnings in 2007, and 1.4% accretive in 2008; is expected to be 1.0% accretive to Mellons operating earnings in 2007, and 5.7% accretive in 2008. On a cash basis, which excludes the impact of non-cash items such as the amortization of intangibles, the transaction is expected to be 1.1% accretive to the Companys earnings in 2007, and 5.3% accretive in 2008; is expected to be 4.5% accretive to Mellons earnings in 2007, and 11.9% accretive in 2008.
The combined company is expected to have annual revenues of more than $12 billion, with approximately 28% derived from asset servicing, 38% from issuer services, clearing services and treasury services, and 29% from asset management and private wealth management. It will be well positioned to capitalize on global growth trends, including the evolution of emerging markets, the growth of hedge funds and alternative asset classes, the increasing need for more complex financial products and services, and the increasingly global need for people to save and invest for retirement. Almost a quarter of combined revenue will be derived internationally.
The companies expect to reduce annual pre-tax costs by approximately $700 million per year by 2010, or approximately 8.5% of the estimated 2006 combined expense base. The integration will be undertaken by a dedicated and experienced group of senior executives in a thoughtful and deliberate manner over a three-year period following the close of the transaction. The transaction will involve restructuring charges of approximately $1.3 billion.
The companies combined employee base of 40,000 is expected to be reduced by approximately 3,900 over a three-year period following the transaction. The companies expect to reduce headcount through normal attrition wherever possible and will provide extensive support to employees impacted by the merger.
On October 1, 2006, the Company purchased the Acquired Corporate Trust Business from, and sold the Companys Retail Business to, JPMorgan Chase. In 2006, the Company adopted discontinued operations accounting for its Retail Business. Therefore, the results from continuing operations through September 30, 2006 exclude the results of the Companys Retail Business but do not include the operations of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, since the transaction did not close until October 1, 2006. Adjusted financial statements combining continuing and discontinued operations are presented in Supplemental Information.
3
The addition of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business to the Companys existing franchise allows the Company to capitalize on the faster growing international and structured finance debt markets, as well as to strengthen its leadership in the municipal and corporate debt markets. The transaction diversifies the corporate trust revenue base by both geography and product. JPMorgan Chases corporate trust business comprised issues representing $5 trillion in total debt outstanding. It had 2,400 employees in more than 40 locations globally. Prior to the acquisition, the Companys corporate trust business comprised issues representing $3 trillion in total debt outstanding and had 1,300 employees in 25 locations globally.
On October 2, 2006, the Company completed the transaction that resulted in the formation of BNY ConvergEx Group, LLC. The Company joined forces with Eze Castle Software, LLC and GTCR Golder Rauner, LLC, a private equity firm, to form BNY ConvergEx Group, in which the Company retains a 35% interest. BNY ConvergEx Group brings together the Companys trade execution, commission management, independent research and transition management businesses with Eze Castle Software, a leading provider of trade order management and related investment technologies. BNY ConvergEx Groups comprehensive suite of services, advanced technology offerings and breadth of distribution channels enable its customers to manage all aspects of the investment cycle, including idea generation, research, trade analysis, execution and wholesale clearing, risk management, commission management, transition management, compliance and portfolio management. With approximately 635 employees worldwide, BNY ConvergEx Group has a global presence in New York, Boston, San Francisco, Chicago, Dallas, Stamford, London, Bermuda, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Sydney.
As part of the transformation to a leading securities servicing provider, the Company has also de-emphasized or exited several of its slower growth traditional banking businesses over the past decade. The Companys more significant actions include selling its credit card business in 1997 and its factoring business in 1999, significantly reducing non-financial corporate credit exposures, and most recently, the sale of the Companys Retail Business. To the extent these actions generated capital, the capital has been reallocated to the Companys higher-growth businesses or used to repurchase shares.
The Companys business model is well positioned to benefit from a number of long-term secular trends. These include:
| growth of worldwide financial assets, |
| globalization of investment activity, |
| structural market changes, and |
| increased outsourcing. |
These trends benefit the Company by driving higher levels of financial asset trading volume and other transactional activity, as well as higher asset price levels and growth in client assets, all factors by which the Company prices its services. In addition, international markets offer excellent growth opportunities.
Current Business Trends
In 2006 the operating environment was more favorable than in 2005. The equity markets were up and volumes were strong. The fixed income markets remained stable. Cross-border investment and trading activity increased. Volatility in foreign exchange markets was lower than expected, particularly in the second half of 2006. The Federal Reserve stopped raising interest rates in July 2006 and the yield curve became inverted. Because of its diversified business model, the Company achieved strong growth in many of its key business lines.
Noninterest income rose 13% in 2006. Revenue in the fourth quarter from the Acquired Corporate Trust Business was partly offset by the impact of the BNY ConvergEx transaction. The Company achieved solid growth in depositary receipts (DR), corporate trust, and investor and broker-dealer services. Private banking and asset management fees were up 26%, driven by strong growth in performance fees and acquisitions. Foreign exchange and other trading also performed well. These strong results offset lower fees from the global payments business and corporate lending activities.
4
Net interest income was up 12% in 2006 from 2005. Strong liquidity generated from the securities servicing businesses, higher interest rates and the Acquired Corporate Trust Business all contributed to this strong performance.
Expense control was effective, enabling the Company to bring as much of its revenue growth as possible to the bottom line. This reflects the Companys continued progress on reengineering for labor efficiencies. The Company continued to relocate staff to lower cost locations. Excluding merger and integration costs, expense growth overall was up 12% in 2006 from 2005, reflecting increases related to acquisitions, particularly the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, partially offset by the disposition of certain execution businesses in the BNY ConvergEx transaction. New business, increased volumes in existing business and higher pension costs also led to higher expenses.
For 2007, the Company based its budget planning process on expectations of moderate global economic growth with continued momentum in the capital markets. The Company expects U.S. equity markets to rise 6-8%. U.S. non-program equity volumes are forecasted to be up 4-6% with equity capital raising holding steady. Strong growth in merger and acquisition volumes is expected. The Company assumes a slight decrease in short-term interest rates. GDP growth is expected to be approximately 2.5% to 3%. The Company projects fixed income activity should be reasonably strong.
This presents an overall backdrop that remains favorable to the Companys operating model. Given these factors and the momentum carried into the year, the Company expects to show particular strength in investor services, as this business continues to benefit from the globalization of the financial markets and asset flows. The strong secular trend in heightened cross-border investing should continue to produce good results in the depositary receipts business as well. The Company also expects foreign exchange and other trading results to benefit, given these cross-border investment flows, although these businesses could be adversely impacted if foreign currency volatility does not rise from what were 10-year lows in the fourth quarter of 2006. The fixed income-linked businesses, corporate trust and broker-dealer services, are both poised to benefit from continued vibrancy in the fixed income markets, as global and structured products are expected to lead the way with increased activity. Private banking and asset management are also expected to perform well, as the Company enters the year with momentum and anticipates asset growth at its alternative assets complex, featuring Ivy Asset Management Corp. (Ivy), Alcentra Group Limited (Alcentra) and Urdang Capital Management, Inc. (Urdang). In terms of net interest income, the Acquired Corporate Trust Business has added an attractive deposit base to the Companys balance sheet. The Company currently anticipates only modest average earning asset growth in 2007. The net interest margin should be reasonably steady, in spite of the inverted yield curve that the Company expects to persist for much of 2007. Credit costs are expected to be well below the through-the-cycle mean in 2007, although they will likely be positive for the year.
In 2006, comparisons of operating leverage with prior year periods will not be meaningful given the strategic transactions that closed in 2006. Excluding any additional impact of the planned merger with Mellon, the Company intends to migrate an additional 660 staff in 2007 to lower-cost locations such as Manchester, Orlando and India. Data center consolidation and decommissioning will continue and the Company expects to realize additional synergies of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business as conversions are completed.
The 2007 tax rate should be slightly higher than 2006 in the 32-33% range.
The Company has no significant share repurchases planned for 2007 as it rebuilds its tangible common equity, in light of the purchase of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and the proposed merger with Mellon. The Company expects diluted weighted average shares outstanding for 2007 to increase by approximately 10 million shares from 766 million shares in 2006. The increase relates to employee stock option exercises and the impact of a higher share price on the computation of shares issuable upon conversion of employee stock options.
5
2006
In 2006, the Company reported net income of $3,011 million and diluted earnings per share (EPS) of $3.93 compared with net income of $1,571 million and diluted earnings per share of $2.03 in 2005, and net income of $1,440 million and diluted earnings per share of $1.85 in 2004. On an adjusted basis, excluding merger and integration costs and the gain on the sale of the Retail Business, full-year 2006 diluted earnings per share was $2.26, an increase of 11% over $2.03 in 2005 and net income was $1,731 million, compared with $1,571 million in 2005.
Income from continuing operations in 2006 was $1,476 million, or $1.93 of diluted earnings per share, compared with $1,343 million, or $1.74 of diluted earnings per share in 2005 and $1,253 million or $1.61 of diluted earnings per share in 2004.
Performance highlights for 2006 include:
| Securities servicing fees were up 13% from 2005; |
| Net interest income was up 12% from 2005; |
| Foreign exchange and other trading activities were up 12% from 2005; and |
| Private banking and asset management fees were up 26% from 2005. |
The following table shows the impact of the gain on the sale of the Companys Retail Business and merger and integration costs on diluted earnings per share for the full year ended December 31, 2006:
Diluted Earnings Per Share | |||||||||||
(In dollars) |
Continuing Operations |
Discontinued Operations |
Adjusted(1) | ||||||||
As Reported |
$ | 1.93 | $ | 2.00 | $ | 3.93 | |||||
Merger & Integration Costs(2) |
0.09 | 0.04 | 0.13 | ||||||||
Gain on Sale of Retail Business(3) |
| (1.80 | ) | (1.80 | ) | ||||||
Operating(4) |
$ | 2.02 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 2.26 | |||||
(1) | Adjusted results combine continuing and discontinued operations to provide continuity with historical results. |
(2) | Merger and integration costs include investment portfolio restructuring costs, employee-related costs, and other transaction-related expenses totaling $101 million after-tax. |
(3) | The Company recorded an after-tax gain on the sale of the Retail Business of $1,381 million ($2,159 million pre-tax). |
(4) | Operating excludes merger & integration costs and the gain on the sale of the Retail Business. |
2005
In 2005, the Company reported net income of $1,571 million and diluted earnings per share of $2.03. Income from continuing operations was $1,343 million, or $1.74 of diluted earnings per share.
Securities servicing fees were up 10% from 2004. Net interest income was up versus 2004. Private banking and asset management fees and foreign exchange and other trading revenues also rose from the prior year. The Companys capital management was active, as the Company repurchased 5 million net shares.
The Companys 2005 earnings reflected significant progress toward its key objectives. New business wins and revenues from new and innovative products drove double-digit revenue growth in many of the Companys key business lines. In 2005, the Company focused on generating positive operating leverage and began to deliver on that objective as well. A number of regulatory issues were resolved. The Company launched its branding initiative in January 2005 and continued to expand it throughout the year.
6
During 2005, the Company formed strategic alliances to penetrate faster-growing markets in France, Germany, the Nordic and Baltic region, Japan, Australia, and India. The Company also continued to expand its market presence in high-growth areas such as hedge fund servicing and collateral management, while extending its capabilities in the rapidly growing area of alternative investments.
2004
In 2004, the Company reported net income of $1,440 million and diluted earnings per share of $1.85. Income from continuing operations was $1,253 million or $1.61 of diluted earnings per share. In 2004, the Company recorded several gains and charges that in the aggregate reduced reported earnings by 3 cents per share. These items are detailed in Other 2004 Developments.
In 2004, the growth in earnings was paced by securities servicing and core net interest income growth, strong credit performance, and higher than expected securities gains. Performance was strong across nearly all the Companys securities servicing businesses. Investor and issuer services increased by 11% and 12%, respectively. The growth in investor services was driven largely by new business wins and improvements year-over-year in asset values and volumes. Issuer services benefited from increased cross-border activity in depositary receipts and improving market share in global products within corporate trust. Broker-dealer services were up 17% primarily due to strong growth in collateral management.
The Companys asset management business continued to perform well, responding to growing institutional investor interest in alternative investments. Private banking and asset management fees increased primarily due to exceptional growth at Ivy, the Companys fund of funds manager. In addition, foreign exchange results benefited from currency volatility and increased cross-border investing.
This strength in revenue was partially offset by upward pressure on the Companys expense base. Higher employee stock option and pension expenses, business continuity spending, costs associated with legal and regulatory matters, and costs associated with converting new business opportunities in investor services all contributed to higher expense levels.
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT REVIEW
Noninterest Income (Continuing Operations)
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | Percent Inc/(Dec) | |||||||||||
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Securities Servicing Fees |
|||||||||||||||
Execution and Clearing Services |
$ | 1,245 | $ | 1,222 | $ | 1,141 | 2 | % | 7 | % | |||||
Investor Services |
1,138 | 1,056 | 924 | 8 | 14 | ||||||||||
Issuer Services |
895 | 639 | 583 | 40 | 10 | ||||||||||
Broker-Dealer Services |
259 | 227 | 205 | 14 | 11 | ||||||||||
Securities Servicing Fees |
3,537 | 3,144 | 2,853 | 13 | 10 | ||||||||||
Global Payment Services Fees |
252 | 260 | 277 | (3 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Private Banking and Asset Management Fees |
569 | 452 | 406 | 26 | 11 | ||||||||||
Service Charges and Fees |
207 | 228 | 223 | (9 | ) | 2 | |||||||||
Foreign Exchange and Other Trading Activities |
425 | 379 | 353 | 12 | 7 | ||||||||||
Securities Gains |
88 | 68 | 78 | 29 | (13 | ) | |||||||||
Net Economic Value Payments |
23 | | | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Other |
221 | 167 | 187 | 32 | (11 | ) | |||||||||
Total Noninterest Income |
$ | 5,322 | $ | 4,698 | $ | 4,377 | 13 | 7 | |||||||
NMnot meaningful
7
Noninterest income is provided by a wide range of securities servicing, global payment services, private banking and asset management, trading activities, and other fee-based services. Revenues from these activities were $5,322 million in 2006, compared with $4,698 million in 2005 and $4,377 million in 2004. As a percentage of revenues, total noninterest income was 78% in 2006, essentially unchanged from 2005 and 2004. The increase in revenue in 2006 primarily reflects stronger performance in securities servicing and private banking and asset management fees, foreign exchange and other trading revenues as well as a higher level of securities gains and other income.
The increase in 2005 primarily reflected broadly stronger performance in securities servicing, private banking and asset management fees, and foreign exchange and other trading revenue.
Securities servicing fee growth over 2005 reflected the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and strong organic growth in issuer services, investor services, and broker-dealer services. Growth in these areas was partly offset by disposition of certain execution businesses in the BNY ConvergEx transaction and weaker results in the Companys clearing and remaining domestic execution business. In 2005, the increase in securities servicing fees from 2004 reflected solid growth across all businesses. For additional details on Securities Servicing Fees, see Institutional Services Segment in Business Segment Review.
Global payment services fees, principally funds transfer, cash management, and trade services declined compared with 2005 and 2004. While the payments business continues to grow in 2006, as evidenced by the funds transfer volume and net new business, the level of fees has been impacted by customers paying with a higher value of compensatory balances in lieu of fees. On an invoiced services basis, total revenue was up 6% over 2005. The 2005 decline in global payment services fees from 2004 is attributable to customers choosing to pay with higher compensatory balances, which benefited net interest income.
Private banking and asset management fees increased over 2005 reflecting acquisitions and improved performance fees at Ivy. In 2005, the increase in fees reflected strong growth in asset management fees as well as higher fees in private banking.
The decline in service charges and fees from 2005 to 2006 was due to lower capital market fees. The increase in 2005 versus 2004 was due to higher capital market fees.
Foreign exchange and other trading revenues were up significantly from 2005 and 2004. Foreign exchange trading revenues grew strongly in 2006 reflecting higher customer volumes driven by cross-border investment flows, greater business from existing clients, and favorable market conditions in the first half of the year. Foreign currency volatility declined in the second half of 2006 reaching a ten-year low at the end of 2006. Other trading revenues grew in 2006 reflecting higher fixed income activities partially offset by lower trading revenue at Pershing. The increase in foreign exchange and other trading in 2005 from 2004 resulted from increased volume due to new business wins, greater business from existing clients, and higher interest rate and equity derivatives trading partially offset by a decline in trading revenue at Pershing. Pershing contributed $42 million to foreign exchange and other trading revenue in 2006, compared with $44 million in 2005 and $51 million in 2004.
Securities gains were higher in 2006 compared with 2005 and 2004. The securities gains in 2006 were primarily attributable to favorable market conditions and liquidity in the private equity markets. In 2006, the Company sold one of its sponsor fund investments to a third party for a realized gain of $11 million. The securities gains in 2005 were primarily attributable to the Companys private equity portfolio.
Net economic value payments are amounts received from JPMorgan Chase for the economic value of certain deposits related to the Acquired Corporate Trust Business that have not yet transitioned to the Companys balance sheet. The transition is expected to occur during the second quarter of 2007.
Other noninterest income is attributable to asset-related gains, equity investments, and other transactions. Asset-related gains include gains on lease residuals, as well as loan and real estate dispositions. Equity investment income primarily reflects the Companys proportionate share of the income from its investment in
8
BNY ConvergEx, Wing Hang Bank Limited (Wing Hang), RBSI Securities Services (Holdings) Limited, and AIB/BNY Securities Services (Ireland) Limited (AIB/BNY) through December 19, 2006, when the Company acquired the remaining 50% of the business it did not own. Other income primarily includes income or loss from insurance contracts, low income housing and other investments, as well as various miscellaneous revenues. The breakdown among these three categories is shown below:
Other Noninterest Income
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Asset-Related Gains |
$ | 111 | $ | 88 | $ | 80 | |||
Equity Investment Income |
50 | 42 | 43 | ||||||
Other |
60 | 37 | 64 | ||||||
Total Other Noninterest Income |
$ | 221 | $ | 167 | $ | 187 | |||
Other noninterest income increased versus 2005 and 2004 due to higher asset-related gains and higher income from other investments. In 2006, asset-related gains included a pre-tax gain of $35 million related to the conversion of the Companys New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) seats into cash and shares of NYSE Group, Inc. common stock, some of which were sold. Asset-related gains in 2005 included a $17 million gain on the sale of the Companys interest in Financial Models Companies, Inc. (FMC), a $12 million gain on the sale of certain Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) investments, a $12 million gain on sale of eight NYSE seats, and a $10 million gain on the sale of a building. Asset-related gains in 2004 included a pre-tax gain of $48 million from the sale of a portion of the Companys investment in Wing Hang. The higher level of asset-related gains in 2005 and 2004 helped to offset higher legal and regulatory costs and the impact of the SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases (SFAS 13), lease income adjustment in 2004. The decline in income from other investments from 2004 to 2005 reflected fewer government grants and lower insurance-related income.
Net Interest Income (Continuing Operations)
(Dollars in millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | Percent Inc/(Dec) | ||||||||||||||
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | |||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 1,499 | $ | 1,340 | $ | 1,157 | 12 | % | 16 | % | ||||||||
Tax Equivalent Adjustment(1) |
22 | 27 | 26 | |||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income on a Tax Equivalent Basis |
$ | 1,521 | $ | 1,367 | $ | 1,183 | 11 | 16 | ||||||||||
Net Interest Margin |
2.01 | % | 2.02 | % | 1.79 | % |
(1) | A number of amounts related to net interest income are presented on a tax equivalent basis for better comparability. To calculate the tax equivalent revenues and profit or loss, the Company adjusts tax-exempt revenues and the income or loss from such tax-exempt revenues to show these items as if they were taxable, applying an assumed tax rate of 35 percent. The Company believes that this presentation provides comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources and is consistent with industry standards. |
Net interest income on a continuing operations basis increased in 2006 from 2005 reflecting the higher deposit balances associated with the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, higher amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-free balances as well as the higher value of interest-free balances in a rising rate environment. In 2005, the increase in net interest income reflected the Companys sound interest rate positioning for a rising rate environment, continued expansion of deposit spreads, and increased liquidity generated by servicing activities.
In 2006 and 2005, the Company also benefited from customers greater use of compensating balances in a rising rate environment.
Average interest-earning assets were $75.6 billion in 2006, compared with $67.7 billion in 2005 and $66.1 billion in 2004. The increase in 2006 from 2005 mainly reflects the investment of deposits from the Acquired
9
Corporate Trust Business. Average loans were $33.6 billion in 2006, compared with $32.1 billion in 2005 and $30.6 billion in 2004. Average securities were $25.9 billion in 2006, up from $24.3 billion in 2005 and $20.1 billion in 2004.
The net interest margin was 2.01% in 2006, compared with 2.02% in 2005 and 1.79% in 2004. In 2004, excluding three cumulative leasing adjustments triggered by SFAS 13 of $66 million, the net interest margin would have been approximately eight basis points higher. See Other 2004 Developments.
Net interest income does not reflect the impact of certain deposits of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business which are expected to be transitioned to the Company in the second quarter of 2007. The payment for the economic value on these deposits was $23 million for the fourth quarter of 2006.
Noninterest Expense (Continuing Operations)
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | Percent Inc/(Dec) | ||||||||||||
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | |||||||||||||||
Salaries and Employee Benefits |
$ | 2,640 | $ | 2,310 | $ | 2,094 | 14 | % | 10 | % | ||||||
Net Occupancy |
279 | 250 | 236 | 12 | 6 | |||||||||||
Furniture and Equipment |
190 | 199 | 195 | (5 | ) | 2 | ||||||||||
Clearing |
183 | 187 | 176 | (2 | ) | 6 | ||||||||||
Sub-custodian Expenses |
134 | 96 | 87 | 40 | 10 | |||||||||||
Software |
220 | 214 | 191 | 3 | 12 | |||||||||||
Communications |
97 | 91 | 89 | 7 | 2 | |||||||||||
Amortization of Intangibles |
76 | 40 | 34 | 90 | 18 | |||||||||||
Merger and Integration Costs |
106 | | | NM | NM | |||||||||||
Other |
746 | 680 | 596 | 10 | 14 | |||||||||||
Total Noninterest Expense Including |
4,671 | 4,067 | 3,698 | 15 | 10 | |||||||||||
Merger and Integration Costs |
(106 | ) | | | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Total Noninterest Expense Excluding |
$ | 4,565 | $ | 4,067 | $ | 3,698 | 12 | 10 | ||||||||
NMnot meaningful
Noninterest expense in 2006, excluding merger and integration costs, rose reflecting increased costs associated with new business, acquisitions, and higher pension costs.
The 2005 increase in expenses primarily reflected increased staffing and clearing costs associated with new business and acquisitions, higher stock option and pension expense, and expanded occupancy costs associated with business continuity, as well as higher technology and legal costs.
Salaries and employee benefits are comprised of:
| compensation expense, which includes |
| base salary expense, primarily driven by headcount, |
| the cost of temporary help and overtime, and |
| severance expense; |
| incentive expense, which includes |
| additional compensation earned under a wide range of sales commission plans and incentive plans designed to reward a combination of individual, business unit and corporate performance versus goals, and |
10
| stock option expense; and |
| employee benefit expense, primarily medical benefits, payroll taxes, pension and other retirement benefits. |
Salaries and employee benefits were up in 2006 compared with 2005, reflecting higher staff levels tied to new businesses, acquisitions, higher incentive compensation and increased temporary help, partially offset by the BNY ConvergEx transaction. In 2005, the increase in salaries reflected tight headcount control and reengineering and relocation projects partially offset the impact of business wins, acquisitions and additional legal and compliance personnel. Benefits expenses were up compared with 2005, reflecting acquisitions and higher expenses for incentive payments and pensions. In 2005, benefit expense increased significantly reflecting higher expenses for pensions, stock options, medical benefits, and incentive payments. The Acquired Corporate Trust Business and the conversion of AIB/BNY to a wholly-owned subsidiary resulted in an increase in the number of employees at December 31, 2006, to 22,961, up from 19,944 and 19,646, in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
The reduction in clearing expenses in 2006 reflects the BNY ConvergEx transaction. The increase in 2005 reflected higher expenses associated with acquisitions within the execution business.
The higher level of sub-custodian expenses in 2006 reflects increased asset values and transaction volumes of assets under custody, and increased activity in depositary receipts. In 2005, the increase in sub-custodian expenses was associated with higher levels of business activity.
Software expenses increased in 2006 and 2005, reflecting the Companys continued investment in technology capabilities supporting its servicing activities as well as spending and development to support business growth.
Amortization of intangibles increased in 2006 primarily reflecting the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and the Alcentra and Urdang acquisitions.
Merger and integration costs primarily included a loss in connection with the restructuring of the Companys investment portfolio and employee-related costs such as severance. The swap of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business for the Retail Business resulted in a more liability-sensitive balance sheet because corporate trust liabilities reprice more quickly than retail deposits. The Company sold $5.5 billion of investment portfolio securities in the third quarter of 2006 to adjust interest rate sensitivity going forward.
Other noninterest expense consists of vendor services, business development, legal expenses, settlements and claims, and other expenses. Vendor services include professional fees, computer services, market data, courier, and other services. Business development includes advertising, charitable contributions, travel, and entertainment expenses. The breakdown among these four categories is shown below:
Other Noninterest Expense
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Vendor Services |
$ | 368 | $ | 293 | $ | 268 | |||
Business Development |
108 | 97 | 82 | ||||||
Legal Fees, Settlements and Claims |
66 | 120 | 65 | ||||||
Other |
204 | 170 | 181 | ||||||
Total Other Noninterest Expense |
$ | 746 | $ | 680 | $ | 596 | |||
In 2006, other expenses increased reflecting increases in vendor services, business development and other partially offset by a decline in legal fees and settlements. The increase in vendor services in 2006 primarily reflects higher expenses due to the acquisition of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. Growth in business development expenses during 2006 reflects higher travel and entertainment, and advertising related to the Companys branding initiatives. The decline in legal fees, settlements and claims in 2006 reflects the settlement of certain legal and regulatory matters involving the Company. Legal fees, settlements and claims in 2005 included $24 million associated with the Russian Funds transfer matter and other regulatory matters.
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The Company continues to increase its investment in technology, focusing on key items such as delivering positive operating leverage, driving product innovation and enhancing the client experience. Software development has been an increasing component of technology expense in 2006, 2005, and 2004. The rate of infrastructure investment is slowing. In the fourth quarter of 2005, the Companys new data center in the mid-south region of the U.S. became operational. The new data center improved the geographic diversification and resilience of the Companys operations and supports the processing needs of the Companys customers. Print center consolidation was completed in 2005. Core investor services applications were recently developed and engineered with technologies that should be durable over time.
In January 2004, the Company began a three-year effort to move 1,500 positions to lower cost areas. In 2006, the Company moved 575 positions out of higher-cost locations, up from 516 in 2005 and 419 in 2004. As a result of the moves, the Company incurred higher expense in 2006 for severance and lease termination, but will achieve net benefits in 2007 and 2008. In 2007, excluding any additional impact of the planned merger with Mellon, the Company anticipates moving an additional 660 positions.
Income Taxes
On a continuing operations basis, the Companys consolidated effective tax rates for 2006, 2005, and 2004 were 32.0%, 32.1%, and 31.9%, respectively. The slight decrease in the effective tax rate in 2006 primarily reflects the increased benefit from foreign operations offset by lower tax-exempt income and lower credits from low-income housing. The increase in the effective tax rate in 2005 from 2004 primarily reflected higher state and local taxes.
The Company makes synthetic fuel and low income housing (Sections 29 and 42 of the Internal Revenue Code, respectively) investments that generate tax credits, which have the effect of permanently reducing the Companys tax expense. The Company also invests in leveraged leases which, through accelerated depreciation, postpone the payment of taxes to future years. For financial statement purposes, deferred taxes are recorded as a liability for future payment.
The Companys effective tax rate in 2007 is expected to be impacted by the price of oil, which determines the amount of synthetic fuel tax credits it will receive. These credits relate to investments that produce alternative fuel from coal by-products.
To manage its exposure in 2007 to the risk of an increase in oil prices that could reduce synthetic fuel tax credits, the Company entered into an option contract covering a specified number of barrels of oil that settles at the end of 2007. The option contract economically hedges a portion of the Companys projected 2007 synthetic fuel tax credit benefit. The contract does not qualify for hedge accounting and, as a result, changes in the fair value of the option will be recorded currently in trading income. The Company may enter into further option contracts to protect against fluctuations in oil prices.
The Company is assuming a $69.50 average price per barrel in 2007 to estimate the 2007 benefit from synthetic fuel credits. To the extent the average oil price differs from this assumption, the table below shows the estimated effect on EPS for 2007.
Avg. Price |
Phase- out % |
Net Benefit (In millions) |
Option Contract Benefit/ (Cost) (In millions) |
EPS Effect |
||||||||||
$64.00 |
0.0 | % | $ | 60.2 | $ | (1.5 | ) | $ | 0.03 | |||||
65.50 |
12.6 | 52.6 | (1.5 | ) | 0.02 | |||||||||
67.50 |
26.3 | 44.4 | (0.7 | ) | 0.01 | |||||||||
69.50 |
40.0 | 36.1 | 2.3 | | (1) | |||||||||
71.50 |
53.8 | 27.8 | 5.3 | (0.01 | ) | |||||||||
73.50 |
67.5 | 19.6 | 8.3 | (0.01 | ) | |||||||||
78.00 |
100.0 | 0.0 | 12.1 | (0.03 | ) |
(1) | Assumption used to compute effective tax rate of between 32% and 33% for 2007. |
If the 2007 average price per barrel of oil were to go below $64 or above $78, there would be no additional EPS effect.
12
Segment Data
The Company has an internal information system that produces performance data for its three business segments along product and service lines.
Business Segments Accounting Principles
The Companys segment data has been determined on an internal management basis of accounting, rather than U.S. generally accepted accounting principles used for consolidated financial reporting. These measurement principles are designed so that reported results of the segments will track their economic performance. Segment results are subject to restatement whenever improvements are made in the measurement principles or when organizational changes are made.
In 2005, the Company determined that it was appropriate to modify its segment presentation to provide more transparency into its results of operations and to better reflect modifications in the management structure that the Company implemented during the fourth quarter of 2005. All prior periods have been restated to reflect this realignment.
On October 1, 2006, the Company sold substantially all of the assets of its Retail Business. The business segment information is reported on a continuing operations basis for all periods presented, but only includes the operations of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, from October 1, 2006, the date on which it was acquired. The corporate trust business acquired is included in Issuer Services Business in the Institutional Services Segment. Information related to the Companys Retail Business is no longer included in the segment data. See Discontinued Operations in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of discontinued operations. Results in the Execution and Clearing Services Business in 2006 were impacted by the disposition of certain execution businesses in the BNY ConvergEx transaction.
The Company currently reports results for three segments, with the Institutional Services Segment being further subdivided into four business groupings. These segments are shown below:
| Institutional Services Segment |
| Investor & Broker-Dealer Services Business |
| Execution & Clearing Services Business |
| Issuer Services Business |
| Treasury Services Business |
| Private Bank & BNY Asset Management Segment |
| Corporate and Other Segment |
Other specific segment accounting principles employed include:
| The measure of revenues and profit or loss by a segment has been adjusted to present segment data on a tax equivalent basis. |
| The provision for credit losses allocated to each segment is based on managements judgment as to average credit losses that will be incurred in the operations of the segment over a credit cycle of a period of years. Managements judgment includes the following factors among others: historical charge-off experience and the volume, composition, and size of the credit portfolio. This method is different from that required under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles as it anticipates future losses which are not yet probable and therefore not recognizable under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. |
13
| Balance sheet assets and liabilities and their related income or expense are specifically assigned to each segment. |
| Net interest income is allocated to segments based on the yields on the assets and liabilities generated by each segment. Assets and liabilities generated by credit-related activities are allocated to businesses based on borrower usage of those businesses products or services. Credit-only relationships and borrowers using both credit and payment services remain in the Treasury Services Business. Segments with a net liability position are allocated assets primarily from the securities portfolio. |
| Revenues and expenses associated with specific client bases are included in those segments. For example, foreign exchange activity associated with clients using custody products is allocated to the Investor & Broker-Dealer Services Business (which includes the Companys custody operations.) |
| Noninterest income associated with Treasury-related services (global payment services for corporate customers, as well as lending and credit-related services) is similarly allocated back to the other Institutional Services businesses. |
| Support and other indirect expenses are allocated to segments based on internally-developed methodologies. |
Description of Business Segments
The activities within each business segment are described below.
Institutional Services Segment
Investor & Broker-Dealer Services Business
Investor & Broker-Dealer Services includes global custody, global fund services, securities lending, global liquidity services, outsourcing, government securities clearance, collateral management, credit-related services, and other linked revenues, principally foreign exchange and execution and clearing revenues.
In Investor Services, the Company is one of the leading custodians with $13.0 trillion of assets under custody at December 31, 2006. The Company is one of the largest mutual fund custodians for U.S. funds and one of the largest providers of fund services in the world with over $2.0 trillion in total assets. The Company also services more than 40% of the exchange-traded funds in the United States, and is a leading U.K. custodian. In securities lending, the Company is the largest lender of U.S. Treasury securities and depositary receipts with a lending pool of approximately $1.8 trillion in 27 markets around the world.
The Companys Broker-Dealer Services business clears approximately 50% of U.S. Government securities transactions. The Company is a leader in global clearance, clearing equity and fixed income transactions in 101 markets. With over $1.3 trillion in tri-party balances worldwide, the Company is the worlds largest collateral management agent.
Execution & Clearing Services Business
As a result of the BNY ConvergEx transaction, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2006, the Companys Execution and Clearing Services business consists of its Pershing clearing business, its 35% equity interest in BNY ConvergEx Group and the Companys B-Trade and G-Trade businesses which are expected to become part of the BNY ConvergEx Group in 2008. The BNY ConvergEx transaction changed the accounting from a line by line consolidation to a 35% equity interest recorded in other income.
The Companys Pershing subsidiary provides clearing, execution, financing, and custody for introducing broker-dealers and registered investment advisors. Pershing services more than 1,100 retail and institutional financial organizations and independent investment advisors with over 5.6 million active accounts.
14
Issuer Services Business
Issuer Services includes corporate trust, depositary receipts, employee investment plan services, stock transfer, and credit-related services.
In Issuer Services, the Company is depositary for more than 1,271 American and global depositary receipt programs, with a 64% market share, servicing leading companies from 62 countries. As a trustee, the Company provides diverse services for corporate, municipal, structured, and international debt securities. The Company serves as trustee for some 90,000 clients with more than $8 trillion in outstanding debt securities. The Company is the third largest stock transfer agent in the United States, servicing more than 17 million shareowners. Employee Investment Plan Services has 120 clients with 650,000 employees in over 54 countries.
Treasury Services Business
Treasury Services includes global payment services for corporate customers as well as lending and credit-related services.
Corporate Global Payment Services offers leading-edge technology, innovative products, and industry expertise to help its clients optimize cash flow, manage liquidity, and make payments around the world in more than 90 different countries. The Company maintains a global network of branches, representative offices and correspondent banks to provide comprehensive payment services including funds transfer, cash management, trade services and liquidity management. The Company is one of the largest funds transfer banks in the U.S. transferring over $1.1 trillion daily via more than 150,000 wire transfers.
The Company provides lending and credit-related services to large public and private corporations nationwide. Special industry groups focus on industry segments such as media, telecommunications, cable, energy, real estate, retailing, and healthcare. Credit-related revenues are allocated to businesses other than Treasury Services to the extent the borrower uses that businesses products or services. Credit-only relationships and borrowers using both credit and payment services remain in Treasury Services. Through BNY Capital Markets, Inc., the Company provides a broad range of capital markets services including syndicated loans, bond underwriting, and private placements of corporate debt and equity securities. The Company is a lead arranger or agent of syndicated financings for clients in the U.S., having completed 106 transactions totaling in excess of $63 billion during 2006.
For its credit services business overall, the Companys corporate lending strategy is to focus on those clients and industries that are major users of securities servicing and global payment services.
Private Bank & BNY Asset Management Segment
The Private Bank & BNY Asset Management Segment includes traditional banking and trust services for wealthy clients and investment management services for institutional and high-net-worth clients. In private banking, the Company offers a full array of wealth management services to help individuals plan, invest, and arrange intergenerational wealth transition, which includes financial and estate planning, trust and fiduciary services, customized banking services, brokerage and investment solutions.
BNY Asset Management provides investment solutions for some of the wealthiest individuals, largest corporations and most prestigious organizations around the world applying a broad spectrum of investment strategies and wealth management solutions. BNY Asset Managements alternative strategies have expanded to include funds of hedge funds, private equity, alternative fixed income, and real estate.
The Companys asset management subsidiaries include:
| Ivy Asset Management Corporation, a leading fund of hedge funds firm, offers a comprehensive range of multi-manager hedge fund products and customized portfolio solutions. |
15
| Alcentra offers sophisticated alternative credit investments, including leveraged loans and subordinated and distressed debt. |
| Urdang, a real estate investment firm, offers the opportunity to invest in real estate through separate accounts, a closed-end commingled fund that invests directly in properties, and a separate account that invests in publicly-traded REITs. |
| Estabrook Capital Management LLC offers value-oriented investment management strategies, including socially responsible investing. |
| Gannett, Welsh & Kotler specializes in tax-exempt securities management and equity portfolio strategies. |
The Company also provides investment management services directly to institutions and manages the Hamilton family of mutual funds.
Corporate and Other Segment
The Corporate and Other Segment primarily includes the Companys leasing operations and corporate overhead. Net interest income in this segment primarily reflects the funding cost of goodwill and intangibles. The tax equivalent adjustment on net interest income is eliminated in this segment. Provision for credit losses reflects the difference between the aggregate of the credit provision over a credit cycle for the other two reportable segments and the Companys recorded provision. The Companys approach to acquisitions is highly centralized and controlled by senior management. Accordingly, the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets are included in this segments assets. Noninterest expense includes the related amortization. Noninterest income primarily reflects leasing, securities gains, and income from the sale of other corporate assets. Noninterest expenses include direct expenses supporting the leasing activities as well as certain corporate overhead not directly attributable to the operations of the other segments.
In addition, this segment includes the difference between amounts previously reported in the Companys Retail and Middle Market Banking Segment and the discontinued operations of the Companys retail and regional middle market banking businesses.
Segment Analysis
Institutional Services Segment
(In millions) |
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
Inc/(Dec) | |||||||||||
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 1,403 | $ | 1,193 | $ | 1,064 | $ | 210 | $ | 129 | |||||
Noninterest Income |
4,639 | 4,180 | 3,830 | 459 | 350 | ||||||||||
Total Revenue |
6,042 | 5,373 | 4,894 | 669 | 479 | ||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
65 | 59 | 59 | 6 | | ||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
3,774 | 3,444 | 3,140 | 330 | 304 | ||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
2,203 | 1,870 | 1,695 | 333 | 175 | ||||||||||
Average Assets |
83,045 | 75,682 | 72,286 | 7,363 | 3,396 | ||||||||||
Average Deposits |
52,743 | 45,475 | 43,811 | 7,268 | 1,664 |
The Companys Institutional Services business is conducted in four business groupings: Investor & Broker-Dealer Services, Execution & Clearing Services, Issuer Services, and Treasury Services. Income before taxes was up 18% to $2,203 million in 2006 from $1,870 million in 2005, which was up 10% versus $1,695 million in 2004.
As of December 31, 2006, assets under custody rose to $13.0 trillion, from $10.9 trillion at December 31, 2005. The increase in assets under custody primarily reflects rising asset values and growth in cross-border assets. Cross-border assets were up 38% to $4.7 billion from $3.4 billion. Equity securities composed 33% of the
16
assets under custody at December 31, 2006 compared with 32% at December 31, 2005, while fixed income securities were 67% compared with 68% last year. Assets under custody in 2006 consisted of assets related to the custody and mutual funds businesses of $9.0 trillion, broker-dealer services assets of $2.3 trillion, and all other assets of $1.7 trillion.
The Institutional Services Segment had a strong year in 2006. Almost all business lines reported significant growth with depositary receipts, corporate trust and broker-dealers services particularly strong. The Institutional Services Segments 2006 results were impacted by the purchase of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and the BNY ConvergEx transactions, both of which occurred at the start of the fourth quarter. Non-program equity trading volumes were up 5% from 2005. Foreign exchange volatility was at a ten-year low at year-end. Average daily U.S. fixed income trading volume was up 1% during the year. Total global debt issuance increased 3% from 2005. In 2006, asset prices rose, with the S&P 500 Index up 14% and the MSCI EAFE® Index up 23%. During the year, depositary receipts trading exceeded $1.9 trillion, up over 58% from 2005. The issuance of global collateralized debt obligations is up 96% versus 2005.
Market Data
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | Percent Inc/ (Dec) | |||||||||
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | |||||||||||
S&P 500 Index(1) |
1,418 | 1,248 | 1,212 | 14 | % | 3 | % | |||||
NASDAQ Composite Index(1) |
2,415 | 2,205 | 2,175 | 10 | 1 | |||||||
Lehman Brothers |
||||||||||||
Aggregate Bondsm Index(1) |
226.6 | 206.2 | 220.6 | 10 | (7 | ) | ||||||
MSCI EAFE® Index(1) |
2,074.5 | 1,680.1 | 1,515.5 | 23 | 11 | |||||||
NYSE Volume (In billions) |
458.5 | 415.1 | 369.6 | 10 | 12 | |||||||
NASDAQ Volume (In billions) |
502.6 | 449.2 | 453.9 | 12 | (1 | ) |
(1) | Period end |
The results of many of the Companys businesses are influenced by customer activities that vary by quarter. For instance, consistent with an overall decline in securities industry activity in the summer, the Company typically experiences a seasonal decline in the third quarter. The Company also experiences seasonal increases in securities lending and depositary receipts reflecting the European dividend distribution season during the second quarter of the year, and to a lesser extent, in the fourth quarter of the year. The results for the businesses in the Institutional Service segment are discussed below.
Investor & Broker-Dealer Services Business
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | Inc/ (Dec) | |||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 624 | $ | 569 | $ | 518 | $ | 55 | $ | 51 | ||||||
Noninterest Income |
1,971 | 1,826 | 1,627 | 145 | 199 | |||||||||||
Total Revenue |
2,595 | 2,395 | 2,145 | 200 | 250 | |||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
10 | 7 | 7 | 3 | | |||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
1,797 | 1,636 | 1,441 | 161 | 195 | |||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
788 | 752 | 697 | 36 | 55 | |||||||||||
Average Assets |
40,293 | 36,233 | 35,225 | 4,060 | 1,008 | |||||||||||
Average Deposits |
33,059 | 28,416 | 27,199 | 4,643 | 1,217 | |||||||||||
Nonperforming Assets |
6 | 4 | 26 | 2 | (22 | ) | ||||||||||
Net Charge-offs/(Recoveries) |
| | 4 | | (4 | ) |
17
In 2006, income before taxes in the Investor & Broker-Dealer Services business increased to $788 million from $752 million in 2005 and $697 million in 2004. The increase in 2006 reflects strong revenue growth in both investor services fees and broker-dealer services fees.
Noninterest income was $1,971 million in 2006, compared with $1,826 million in 2005 and $1,627 million in 2004. The increase in noninterest income in 2006 is attributable to growth in both investor and broker-dealer services fees. Revenues from foreign exchange trading were also up significantly reflecting higher customer volumes driven by cross-border investment flows, greater business from existing clients, and favorable market conditions in the first half of the year.
Investor services fees depend on:
| the volume of transactions in clients accounts, as well as the number of accounts; |
| the level of assets under custody; and |
| securities lending revenue. |
Investor services fees were up in 2006 compared with 2005 and 2004. The increase over 2005 reflects strong cross-border flows which drove double-digit growth in global fund services and global custody. The continued growth of hedge funds drove growth in alternative investment services up over 40% while the Companys UIT and exchange-traded fund businesses grew over 20%. Securities lending fees showed good growth in 2006 as strong growth in average loan volumes was partly offset by lower spreads. Securities lending spreads were impacted by lower demand for treasury borrowing and a narrowing of the interest rate differential between federal funds and repurchase transactions. In 2005, investor services fee growth resulted from strength in global and domestic fund services and custody, as well as new business wins and strong organic growth.
Broker-dealer services fees depend on:
| level of activity in the fixed income market; and |
| financing needs of customers, which are typically higher when the equity and fixed-income markets are active. |
Broker-dealer services fees were up compared with 2005 and 2004. The increase in 2006 was primarily driven by growth in domestic and global collateral management. Higher volumes led to increased fees in domestic and global clearance. The Company now handles approximately $1.3 trillion of financing for the Companys broker-dealer clients daily through tri-party collateralized financing agreements, up 20% from a year ago. In 2005, increased broker-dealer services fees reflected higher volumes due to new business wins in the collateral management business and greater volumes in government securities clearance.
Net interest income in the Investor & Broker-Dealer Services business was $624 million in 2006, compared with $569 million in 2005 and $518 million in 2004. Net interest income growth in 2006 and 2005 reflected increased deposit flows from customers in both businesses. Average deposits generated by the Investor & Broker-Dealer Services business were $33.1 billion in 2006, compared with $28.4 billion in 2005 and $27.2 billion in 2004. Average assets in the business were $40.3 billion in 2006, compared with $36.2 billion in 2005 and $35.2 billion in 2004.
Noninterest expense was $1,797 million in 2006, compared with $1,636 million in 2005 and $1,441 million in 2004. The increase in noninterest expense in 2006 and 2005 was due to higher salaries, employee benefits, technology costs, and sub-custody expenses tied to business growth, and higher pension expenses. Costs associated with moves to lower cost areas also drove expenses higher in 2006. Stock option and business continuity expense also drove expenses higher in 2005.
Net charge-offs were zero in 2006 and 2005, compared with $4 million in 2004. Nonperforming assets were $6 million at December 31, 2006, compared with $4 million at December 31, 2005, and $26 million at December 31, 2004.
18
Execution & Clearing Services Business
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | Inc/ (Dec) | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 268 | $ | 211 | $ | 170 | $ | 57 | $ | 41 | ||||||||
Noninterest Income |
1,394 | 1,325 | 1,242 | 69 | 83 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
1,662 | 1,536 | 1,412 | 126 | 124 | |||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | |||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
1,150 | 1,151 | 1,087 | (1 | ) | 64 | ||||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
510 | 384 | 324 | 126 | 60 | |||||||||||||
Average Assets |
14,866 | 15,478 | 15,122 | (612 | ) | 356 | ||||||||||||
Average Payables to Customers and Broker-Dealers |
4,899 | 6,014 | 6,361 | (1,115 | ) | (347 | ) | |||||||||||
Nonperforming Assets |
| | 2 | | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net Charge-offs/(Recoveries) |
(4 | ) | 8 | 10 | (12 | ) | (2 | ) |
In 2006, income before taxes in the Execution & Clearing Services Business increased to $510 million from $384 million and $324 million in 2005 and 2004. The increase in 2006 reflects improved results at Pershing, both from ongoing activities and the $35 million gain related to the conversion of the Companys New York Stock Exchange seats into cash and shares of the NYSE Group, Inc. common stock, some of which were sold.
Noninterest income was $1,394 million in 2006, compared with $1,325 million in 2005 and $1,242 million in 2004. The execution business in 2006 was impacted by the BNY ConvergEx transaction. Income from the Companys 35% equity interest in BNY ConvergEx in the fourth quarter of 2006 was not significant.
Pershing noninterest income depends on:
| trading volumes, particularly those related to retail customers; |
| overall market levels; and |
| the amount of assets under administration. |
Pershings 2006 noninterest income rose, reflecting good internal growth in asset-driven fees and retirement products and the $35 million gain related to the conversion of the Companys New York Stock Exchange seats into cash and shares of NYSE Group, Inc. common stock, some of which were sold. The majority of Pershings revenues are generated from non-transactional activities, such as asset gathering, administration and other services. Pershings 2005 noninterest income was up reflecting organic growth from value-added fees, partially offset by business lost through client consolidation. Pershings assets under administration were $890 billion at year-end 2006, compared with $749 billion at December 31, 2005. Pershing trading revenue was $42 million in 2006, compared with $44 million in 2005 and $51 million in 2004.
Execution and clearing service fees were $1,245 million in 2006, compared with $1,222 million in 2005 and $1,141 million in 2004. The increase in execution and clearing fees reflects good growth at Pershing and the international execution business partly offset by the disposition of certain execution businesses in the BNY ConvergEx transaction. Also impacting fees in 2006 was the previously disclosed loss of a significant customer at Pershing. Execution and clearing fees of the businesses contributed to BNY ConvergEx were $233 million for the first nine months of 2006 and $259 million and $193 million for the year 2005 and 2004. The execution business benefited in 2005 from increased client activity, strong growth in transition management and incremental revenues from the acquisition of Lynch, Jones & Ryan, Inc. (LJR). These factors offset the relatively weak market environment, in which non-program trading volumes were down 1%.
Net interest income in the Execution and Clearing Services business was $268 million in 2006, compared with $211 million in 2005 and $170 million in 2004. Net interest income growth in 2006 reflects rising interest rates and the internalization of Pershings stock loan activities partly offset by lower balances. In 2005 net interest income reflected the benefit of rising interest rates on spreads at Pershing.
19
Average assets in the business were $14.9 billion in 2006, compared with $15.5 billion in 2005 and $15.1 billion in 2004. At year-end 2006, margin loans decreased to $5.2 billion from $6.1 billion reflecting the previously disclosed loss of a significant customer. Average payables to customers and broker-dealers were $4.9 billion, compared with $6.0 billion in 2005 and $6.4 billion in 2004.
Noninterest expense was $1,150 million in 2006, compared with $1,151 million in 2005 and $1,087 million in 2004. In 2006, noninterest expense was flat as higher activity-driven expenses at Pershing were mostly offset by the impact of the BNY ConvergEx transaction. The rise in noninterest expense in 2005 was attributable to higher salaries, benefits and clearing expenses tied to both higher business activity overall as well as the LJR acquisition.
Net charge-offs were recoveries of $4 million in 2006, compared with charge-offs of $8 million and $10 million in 2005 and 2004. Nonperforming assets were zero at December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and $2 million at December 31, 2004.
Issuer Services Business
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
Inc/ (Dec) | |||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 341 | $ | 239 | $ | 214 | $ | 102 | $ | 25 | ||||||
Noninterest Income |
1,030 | 757 | 696 | 273 | 61 | |||||||||||
Total Revenue |
1,371 | 996 | 910 | 375 | 86 | |||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
16 | 11 | 11 | 5 | | |||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
628 | 458 | 426 | 170 | 32 | |||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
727 | 527 | 473 | 200 | 54 | |||||||||||
Average Assets |
15,906 | 13,349 | 11,776 | 2,557 | 1,573 | |||||||||||
Average Deposits |
10,247 | 8,457 | 7,669 | 1,790 | 788 | |||||||||||
Nonperforming Assets |
7 | 4 | 28 | 3 | (24 | ) | ||||||||||
Net Charge-offs/(Recoveries) |
| | 4 | | (4 | ) |
In 2006, income before taxes in the Issuer Services Business increased to $727 million from $527 million in 2005 and $473 million in 2004. The increase in 2006 reflects continued growth in both the depositary receipts and corporate trust businesses.
Noninterest income was $1,030 million in 2006, compared with $757 million in 2005 and $696 million in 2004. In 2006, the increase reflects strong growth in depositary receipts and corporate trust as well as the results of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. Included in noninterest income in 2006 was a $23 million net economic value payment from JPMorgan Chase for deposits of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business that have not yet transitioned to the Company. In 2005, the increase reflected higher levels of trading activity and greater corporate actions in depositary receipts, as well as continued strength in international issuance and structured products in corporate trust. Foreign exchange revenue was up in 2006 compared with 2005 and 2004.
Issuer services fees depend on:
| depositary receipts issuance and cancellation volume; |
| corporate actions impacting depositary receipts; and |
| volume of issuance of fixed-income securities, particularly more complex securities such as collateralized debt obligations and asset- and mortgage-backed securities. |
The overall environment for depositary receipts has improved steadily from 2004 to 2006. The continued globalization of the worlds equity portfolios drove extraordinary levels of DR trading and investment in both U.S. and non-U.S. markets. Nearly $1.9 trillion of DRs traded on U.S. and non-U.S. markets and exchanges during 2006, an increase of 58% year-on-year. Issuers from 25 countriesthe majority from emerging markets
20
completed 129 primary and follow-on DR offerings, raising a record $44.5 billion. Industry-wide, a record 1,985 sponsored DR programs from 76 countries with a market value exceeding $1.2 trillion are now available to investors. The year 2006 was a record year in depositary receipts for the Company.
The Company has long been a leader in corporate trust in the U.S. The Acquired Corporate Trust Business transformed the Company into a global leader in corporate trust. The Companys corporate trust product line includes structured, corporate, municipal, collateralized debt obligations, and global securities. Strong organic growth plus the Acquired Corporate Trust Business drove corporate trust fees to a record level in 2006. Corporate trust also had a solid performance in 2005 and 2004. The principal organic growth drivers have been global trust and structured finance products where the markets are growing rapidly.
Net interest income in the Issuer Services business was $341 million in 2006, compared with $239 million in 2005 and $214 million in 2004. Net interest income growth in 2006 and 2005 reflects the positive impact of rising rates on spreads and increased deposit levels generated by growth in the corporate trust business. Growth in net interest income in 2006 was also impacted by the deposits of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. Average deposits generated by the Issuer Services business were $10.2 billion in 2006, compared with $8.5 billion in 2005 and $7.7 billion in 2004. Average assets in the business were $15.9 billion in 2006, compared with $13.3 billion in 2005 and $11.8 billion in 2004.
Noninterest expense was $628 million in 2006, compared with $458 million in 2005 and $426 million in 2004. Noninterest expense in 2006 reflects the impact of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and expenses associated with revenue growth in depositary receipts and corporate trust. Growth in depositary receipts drove sub-custodian expense higher. Included in 2006 expense was $22 million of transition services expense associated with the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. The rise in noninterest expense in 2005 was attributable to increased client activity as well as higher technology, stock option and pension expenses.
Net charge-offs were zero in 2006 and 2005, compared with $4 million in 2004. Nonperforming assets were $7 million at December 31, 2006, compared with $4 million at December 31, 2005, and $28 million at December 31, 2004.
Treasury Services Business
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | Inc/(Dec) | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 170 | $ | 174 | $ | 162 | $ | (4 | ) | $ | 12 | |||||||
Noninterest Income |
244 | 272 | 265 | (28 | ) | 7 | ||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
414 | 446 | 427 | (32 | ) | 19 | ||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
37 | 40 | 40 | (3 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
199 | 199 | 186 | | 13 | |||||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
178 | 207 | 201 | (29 | ) | 6 | ||||||||||||
Average Assets |
11,980 | 10,622 | 10,163 | 1,358 | 459 | |||||||||||||
Average Deposits |
9,214 | 8,379 | 8,793 | 835 | (414 | ) | ||||||||||||
Nonperforming Assets |
22 | 12 | 87 | 10 | (75 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net Charge-offs/(Recoveries) |
(1 | ) | 2 | 15 | (3 | ) | (13 | ) |
In 2006, income before taxes in the Treasury Services Business was $178 million, compared with $207 million in 2005 and $201 million in 2004. The decline in this segment reflects lower noninterest income and net interest income. The results in all periods reflected the continued strong credit environment.
The decrease in noninterest income to $244 million in 2006 from $272 million in 2005 was due to lower levels of asset-related gains and capital market fees. The increase in 2005 versus 2004 reflected higher capital market fees associated with clients in this segment partly offset by lower fees from global payment services as more clients used compensatory balances to pay for services. Global payment services fees declined in 2006 from 2005 and 2004 reflecting customers paying with a higher level of compensatory balances in lieu of fees. This was partly offset by growth in invoiced services.
21
The Treasury Services businesss net interest income was $170 million in 2006, compared with $174 million in 2005 and $162 million in 2004. The decrease in 2006 reflects lower credit spreads. Average assets for 2006 were $12.0 billion, compared with $10.6 billion in 2005 and $10.2 billion in 2004. Average deposits were $9.2 billion versus $8.4 billion in 2005 and $8.8 billion in 2004.
The provision for credit losses, which is assessed on a long-term credit cycle basis (see Business Segment Accounting Principles), was $37 million in 2006 compared with $40 million in 2005 and 2004. The decrease in 2006 compared to 2005 principally reflects the benefits of the Companys corporate credit risk reduction program. Over the past several years, the Company has been seeking to improve its overall risk profile by reducing its credit exposures through elimination of non-strategic exposures, cutting back large individual exposures and avoiding outsized industry concentrations.
Net charge-offs in the Treasury Services business were a recovery of $1 million in 2006, compared with charge-offs of $2 million and $15 million in 2005 and 2004. The charge-offs in 2005 primarily relate to loans to media, corporate, and foreign borrowers. Nonperforming assets were $22 million at December 31, 2006, compared with $12 million at December 31, 2005, and $87 million at December 31, 2004. The decrease in nonperforming assets in 2005 from 2004 primarily reflected loan sales, paydowns and charge-offs of commercial loans.
Noninterest expense was $199 million in 2006 and 2005, compared with $186 million in 2004. In 2006, noninterest expense remained flat. The increase in noninterest expense in 2005 was due in part to a higher pension expense, stock option expensing, and an increase in incentive compensation tied to revenue growth.
Private Bank and BNY Asset Management Segment
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
Inc/(Dec) | |||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 67 | $ | 66 | $ | 61 | $ | 1 | $ | 5 | ||||||||
Noninterest Income |
562 | 456 | 416 | 106 | 40 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
629 | 522 | 477 | 107 | 45 | |||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
| 3 | 3 | (3 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
400 | 320 | 288 | 80 | 32 | |||||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
229 | 199 | 186 | 30 | 13 | |||||||||||||
Average Assets |
2,539 | 2,205 | 2,144 | 334 | 61 | |||||||||||||
Average Deposits |
2,010 | 1,673 | 1,616 | 337 | 57 | |||||||||||||
Nonperforming Assets |
| 1 | 1 | (1 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Net Charge-offs/(Recoveries) |
(1 | ) | | 5 | (1 | ) | (5 | ) |
In 2006, income before taxes in the Private Bank and BNY Asset Management Segment was $229 million, compared with $199 million in 2005 and $186 million in 2004. The improvement in 2006 over 2005 is primarily attributable to strong revenue growth at Ivy, the acquisitions of Alcentra and Urdang, and higher fee levels in Private Banking. The increase in 2005 versus 2004 is primarily attributable to strong revenue growth at Ivy.
Noninterest income was $562 million in 2006, compared with $456 million in 2005 and $416 million in 2004. Private bank and asset management revenues in 2006 were up compared with 2005 and 2004. The increase in 2006 reflects a rise in equity market values and higher performance fees. The Companys asset managers earn performance fees when the investment performance of their products exceeds various benchmarks and satisfies other criteria. The S&P 500® Index was up 14% for the year, with average daily price levels up 9% from 2005. Performance for the NASDAQ Composite Index was up 10% for the year, with average daily prices up by 8%. In 2005, the increase reflected strong growth at Ivy, higher fees in Private Banking, and higher equity price levels.
22
Assets Under ManagementAsset Management Sector
(In billions)Estimated |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Equity Securities |
$ | 39 | $ | 37 | $ | 36 | |||
Fixed Income Securities |
21 | 20 | 22 | ||||||
Alternative Investments |
33 | 15 | 15 | ||||||
Liquid Assets |
38 | 33 | 29 | ||||||
Total Assets Under Management |
$ | 131 | $ | 105 | $ | 102 | |||
Assets under management (AUM) were $131 billion at December 31, 2006, compared with $105 billion at December 31, 2005 and $102 billion at December 31, 2004. The increase in assets under management for 2006 primarily reflects the acquisitions of Alcentra and Urdang. At December 31, 2006, AUM was invested 30% in equities, 16% in fixed income, and 25% in alternative investments, with the remaining amount in liquid assets. Institutional clients represented 75% of AUM while individual clients were 25%.
Net interest income in the Private Bank and BNY Asset Management segment was $67 million in 2006, compared with $66 million in 2005 and $61 million in 2004. Net interest income growth in 2006 and 2005 reflects wider spreads given higher interest rates. Average deposits generated by the Private Bank and BNY Asset Management segment were $2.0 billion in 2006, compared with $1.7 billion in 2005 and $1.6 billion in 2004. Average assets in the segment were $2.5 billion in 2006, compared with $2.2 billion in 2005 and $2.1 billion in 2004.
Noninterest expense was $400 million in 2006, compared with $320 million in 2005 and $288 million in 2004. In 2006, the increase in noninterest expense reflects the acquisitions of Alcentra and Urdang as well as higher staff costs, incentive compensation, and technology costs. The rise in noninterest expense in 2005 was attributable to higher salaries, employee benefits, and technology costs.
Net charge-offs were a recovery of $1 million, compared with zero in 2005 and charge-offs of $5 million in 2004. Nonperforming assets were zero at December 31, 2006, compared with $1 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004.
Corporate and Other Segment
Inc/(Dec) | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | |||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 29 | $ | 81 | $ | 32 | $ | (52 | ) | $ | 49 | |||||||||
Noninterest Income |
121 | 62 | 131 | 59 | (69 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
150 | 143 | 163 | 7 | (20 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
(85 | ) | (69 | ) | (66 | ) | (16 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
497 | 303 | 270 | 194 | 33 | |||||||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
(262 | ) | (91 | ) | (41 | ) | (171 | ) | (50 | ) | ||||||||||
Average Assets |
10,894 | 8,432 | 9,222 | 2,462 | (790 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Nonperforming Assets |
3 | 18 | 7 | (15 | ) | 11 | ||||||||||||||
Net Charge-offs/(Recoveries) |
19 | 140 | 14 | (121 | ) | 126 |
In 2006, income before taxes in the Corporate and Other Segment was a loss of $262 million, compared with losses of $91 million and $41 million in 2005 and 2004. The larger loss in 2006 reflects $106 million of merger and integration costs associated with the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and the impact of certain expenses previously allocated to the Retail and Middle Market Banking Segment that were not included in the Retail Business sold to JPMorgan Chase.
Net interest income in the Corporate and Other Segment was $29 million in 2006, compared with $81 million in 2005 and $32 million in 2004. In 2006, the decrease in net interest income reflects the impact of
23
accounting for the Retail Business as discontinued operations offset by higher leasing income. Net interest income in 2004 included the SFAS 13 cumulative adjustments to the leasing portfolio, which reduced net interest income by $66 million.
Noninterest income was $121 million in 2006, compared with $62 million in 2005 and $131 million in 2004. In 2006, the increase in noninterest income reflects higher securities, investment, and asset gains. In 2005, the decline in noninterest income was attributable to both lower securities gains and lower gains from corporate asset sales, given the $48 million gain on the sale of 5% of the Companys stake in Wing Hang in 2004. Securities gains were $88 million in 2006, compared to $68 million in 2005 and $78 million in 2004.
Provision for credit losses was a credit of $85 million in 2006, compared with a $69 million credit in 2005 and a credit of $66 million in 2004. The provision for credit losses reflects the difference between the aggregate of the credit provision over a credit cycle assigned to the other segments and the Companys recorded provision. The SFAS 13 aircraft adjustments lowered the provision by $7 million in 2004.
Noninterest expense includes unallocated corporate overhead, amortization of intangibles, nonrecurring items, and certain expenses previously allocated to the Retail and Middle Market Banking Segment that are not included in the businesses sold to JPMorgan Chase. Noninterest expense was $497 million in 2006, compared with $303 million in 2005 and $270 million in 2004. The increase in noninterest expense in 2006 versus 2005 was primarily due to merger and integration expenses associated with the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and higher intangibles amortization. The Company expects certain costs that were previously allocated to the Retail and Middle Market Banking Segment and are now included in the Corporate and Other Segment will be absorbed by the Institutional Services Segment in 2007 as a result of the acquisition of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. Noninterest expense in 2006 also included $12 million associated with the adoption of SFAS 123(R).
Net charge-offs were $19 million for 2006, compared to $140 million for 2005 and $14 million for 2004. The charge-offs in 2006 and 2005 are primarily attributable to the Companys airline leasing portfolio. Nonperforming assets were $3 million at December 31, 2006, compared with $18 million at December 31, 2005, and $7 million at December 31, 2004.
Significant other items related to the Corporate and Other Segment for the past three years are presented in the following table.
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Items impacting net interest income: |
||||||||||||
Cost to Carry Goodwill |
$ | (111 | ) | $ | (99 | ) | $ | (105 | ) | |||
Tax Equivalent Adjustment |
(22 | ) | (27 | ) | (26 | ) | ||||||
Items impacting noninterest income: |
||||||||||||
Gain on Sale of FMC |
| 17 | | |||||||||
Gain on Sale of Wing Hang |
| | 48 | |||||||||
Items impacting noninterest expense: |
||||||||||||
Intangibles Amortization |
76 | 40 | 34 | |||||||||
Other Regulatory Matters |
| 24 | | |||||||||
SFAS 123(R) |
12 | | | |||||||||
Merger and Integration Costs |
106 | | |
Other itemsAcquisitions are the responsibility of corporate management. Accordingly, the funding cost of goodwill and amortization of intangibles are assigned to the Corporate and Other Segment. If the funding cost of goodwill was allocated to the other two segments, it would be assigned based on the goodwill attributable to each segment. Intangible amortization would be assigned based on the intangibles attributable to each segment.
The tax equivalent adjustment is eliminated in the Corporate and Other Segment. Certain revenue and expense items have been driven by corporate decisions and have been included in the Corporate and Other
24
Segment. In 2006, these included merger and integration costs of $106 million associated with the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and a charge of $12 million associated with the implementation of SFAS 123(R) related to the retirement provisions of equity compensation programs. In 2005, these include the $17 million gain on the sale of FMC and the $24 million charge for regulatory matters. In 2004, the $48 million gain on the sale of Wing Hang was included in the Corporate and Other Segment. Alternatively, these items could be allocated to the Institutional Services Segment.
Segment Financial Data
The consolidating schedule below shows the contribution of the Companys businesses to its overall profitability.
(Dollars in millions) For the Year Ended |
Investor & Broker-Dealer Services |
Execution & Clearing Services |
Issuer Services |
Treasury Services |
Sub-total Institutional Services |
Private Bank & BNY Asset Management |
Corporate and Other |
Total Continuing Operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 624 | $ | 268 | $ | 341 | $ | 170 | $ | 1,403 | $ | 67 | $ | 29 | $ | 1,499 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Income |
1,971 | 1,394 | 1,030 | 244 | 4,639 | 562 | 121 | 5,322 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
2,595 | 1,662 | 1,371 | 414 | 6,042 | 629 | 150 | 6,821 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
10 | 2 | 16 | 37 | 65 | | (85 | ) | (20 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
1,797 | 1,150 | 628 | 199 | 3,774 | 400 | 497 | 4,671 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
$ | 788 | $ | 510 | $ | 727 | $ | 178 | $ | 2,203 | $ | 229 | $ | (262 | ) | $ | 2,170 | |||||||||||||||
Contribution Percentage(1) |
32 | % | 21 | % | 30 | % | 7 | % | 90 | % | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Average Assets |
$ | 40,293 | $ | 14,866 | $ | 15,906 | $ | 11,980 | $ | 83,045 | $ | 2,539 | $ | 10,894 | $ | 96,478 | (2) | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) For the Year Ended December 31, 2005 |
Investor & Broker-Dealer Services |
Execution & Clearing Services |
Issuer Services |
Treasury Services |
Sub-total Institutional Services |
Private Bank & BNY Asset Management |
Corporate and Other |
Total Continuing Operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 569 | $ | 211 | $ | 239 | $ | 174 | $ | 1,193 | $ | 66 | $ | 81 | $ | 1,340 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Income |
1,826 | 1,325 | 757 | 272 | 4,180 | 456 | 62 | 4,698 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
2,395 | 1,536 | 996 | 446 | 5,373 | 522 | 143 | 6,038 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
7 | 1 | 11 | 40 | 59 | 3 | (69 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
1,636 | 1,151 | 458 | 199 | 3,444 | 320 | 303 | 4,067 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
$ | 752 | $ | 384 | $ | 527 | $ | 207 | $ | 1,870 | $ | 199 | $ | (91 | ) | $ | 1,978 | |||||||||||||||
Contribution Percentage(1) |
36 | % | 19 | % | 25 | % | 10 | % | 90 | % | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Average Assets |
$ | 36,233 | $ | 15,478 | $ | 13,349 | $ | 10,622 | $ | 75,682 | $ | 2,205 | $ | 8,432 | $ | 86,319 | (2) | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) For the Year Ended December 31, 2004 |
Investor & Broker-Dealer Services |
Execution & Clearing Services |
Issuer Services |
Treasury Services |
Sub-total Institutional Services |
Private Bank & BNY Asset Management |
Corporate and Other |
Total Continuing Operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 518 | $ | 170 | $ | 214 | $ | 162 | $ | 1,064 | $ | 61 | $ | 32 | $ | 1,157 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Income |
1,627 | 1,242 | 696 | 265 | 3,830 | 416 | 131 | 4,377 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
2,145 | 1,412 | 910 | 427 | 4,894 | 477 | 163 | 5,534 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
7 | 1 | 11 | 40 | 59 | 3 | (66 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
1,441 | 1,087 | 426 | 186 | 3,140 | 288 | 270 | 3,698 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Before Taxes |
$ | 697 | $ | 324 | $ | 473 | $ | 201 | $ | 1,695 | $ | 186 | $ | (41 | ) | $ | 1,840 | |||||||||||||||
Contribution Percentage(1) |
37 | % | 17 | % | 25 | % | 11 | % | 90 | % | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Average Assets |
$ | 35,225 | $ | 15,122 | $ | 11,776 | $ | 10,163 | $ | 72,286 | $ | 2,144 | $ | 9,222 | $ | 83,652 | (2) |
(1) | As a percent of total income before tax excluding Corporate and Other. |
(2) | Including average assets of discontinued operations of $10,364 million for 2006, $15,116 million for 2005, and $15,688 million for 2004, consolidated average assets were $106,842 million in 2006, $101,435 million in 2005, and $99,340 million in 2004. |
25
International Operations
The Companys primary international activities consist of securities servicing and global payment services. Target customers include financial institutions, pension funds and securities issuers worldwide.
In Investor Services, the Company is a leading global custodian. In the United Kingdom, the Company provides a full range of both local and global services. In Continental Europe, a full global product set is provided with access to local markets through strategic partnerships. Off-shore mutual fund servicing capabilities for funds registered in Dublin, the Channel Islands, Luxembourg and Singapore are provided through operations in Luxembourg and Dublin.
In Issuer Services, the Company is a leader in the DR market, currently acting as the depositary receipts agent for 64% of all publicly sponsored listings by foreign companies. For debt issuance, the Company is one of the leading corporate trust providers for global debt issuance.
The Companys international clearing business delivers clearing and financial services outsourcing solutions in 65 countries. In Execution, the Company provides institutional trade execution services in over 90 global markets, including 50 emerging markets.
In the Asia-Pacific region, the Company has over 50 years of experience providing trade and cash services to financial institutions and central banks. In addition, the Company offers a broad range of servicing and fiduciary products to financial institutions, corporations and central banks depending on the state of market development. In emerging markets, the Company leads with global payments and issuer services, introducing other products as the markets mature. For more established markets, the Companys focus is on global, not local, investor services products and alternative investments.
The Company is also a leading provider and major market maker in the area of foreign exchange and interest-rate risk management services, dealing in over 100 currencies, and provides traditional trust and banking services to customers domiciled outside of the United States, principally in Europe and Asia. Ivy Asset Management (UK), Ltd. provides clients in Europe and the Middle East with hedge fund of funds investment advisory services. Alcentra in London offers sophisticated alternative credit investments, including leveraged loans and subordinated and distressed debt.
The Company conducts business through subsidiaries, branches, and representative offices in 33 countries. The Company has major operation centers based in Brussels, Dublin, Singapore and throughout the United Kingdom including London, Manchester, and Edinburgh.
The Companys financial results, as well as its levels of assets under custody and management, are impacted by the translation of financial results denominated in foreign currencies to the U.S. Dollar. The Company is primarily impacted by activities denominated in the British Pound, and to a lesser extent, the Euro. If the U.S. Dollar depreciates against these currencies, the translation impact is a higher level of fee revenue, net interest revenue, operating expense and assets under management and custody. Conversely, if the U.S. Dollar appreciates, the translated levels of fee revenue, net interest revenue, operating expense and assets under management and custody will be lower.
Foreign currency exchange rates for one U.S. Dollar:
Year | ||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||
Spot rate (at December 31): |
||||||
British Pound |
0.5107 | 0.5813 | 0.5192 | |||
Euro |
0.7580 | 0.8444 | 0.7331 | |||
Yearly average rate: |
||||||
British Pound |
0.5435 | 0.5500 | 0.5460 | |||
Euro |
0.7970 | 0.8045 | 0.8051 |
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International clients accounted for 30% of revenue and 26% of net income in 2006. At December 31, 2006, the Company had 4,971 employees in Europe and 1,948 in Asia.
International Financial Data
Revenue, income before income taxes, net income and total assets from foreign operations on a continuing operations basis are shown in the table below.
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) Geographic Data |
Revenues | Income Before Income Taxes |
Net Income |
Total Assets |
Revenues | Income Before Income Taxes |
Net Income |
Total Assets |
Revenues | Income Before Income Taxes |
Net Income |
Total Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic |
$ | 4,758 | $ | 1,605 | $ | 1,092 | $ | 71,217 | $ | 4,228 | $ | 1,475 | $ | 1,007 | $ | 67,031 | $ | 3,871 | $ | 1,350 | $ | 926 | $ | 66,044 | ||||||||||||
Europe |
1,517 | 423 | 286 | 24,855 | 1,327 | 376 | 251 | 19,414 | 1,208 | 353 | 235 | 15,062 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asia |
338 | 104 | 72 | 4,204 | 279 | 85 | 56 | 4,828 | 292 | 118 | 79 | 3,759 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
208 | 38 | 26 | 3,076 | 204 | 42 | 29 | 2,037 | 163 | 19 | 13 | 1,365 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 6,821 | $ | 2,170 | $ | 1,476 | $ | 103,352 | $ | 6,038 | $ | 1,978 | $ | 1,343 | $ | 93,310 | $ | 5,534 | $ | 1,840 | $ | 1,253 | $ | 86,230 | ||||||||||||
In 2006, revenues from Europe were $1,517 million, compared with $1,327 million in 2005 and $1,208 million in 2004. Revenues from Europe were up 14% in 2006. The increase in 2006 reflects increased cross-border flows which drove revenue higher in global mutual funds, custody, corporate trust and depositary receipts. The increase in 2005 reflected strong growth in investor and issuer service revenues. Revenues from Asia were $338 million in 2006, compared with $279 million and $292 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in Asia in 2006 was primarily due to increases in net interest income, securities lending, depositary receipts, and equity in the earnings of Wing Hang. The slight decrease in Asia in 2005 was primarily due to the large gain in 2004 related to Wing Hang. Net income from Europe was $286 million in 2006, compared with $251 million and $235 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. Net income from Asia was $72 million in 2006, compared with $56 million and $79 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. Net income from Europe and Asia were driven by the same factors affecting revenue. In addition, in 2006 and 2005, net income from Europe was adversely impacted by the strength of the Euro and Sterling versus the dollar.
Cross-Border Risk
Foreign assets are subject to general risks attendant to the conduct of business in each foreign country, including economic uncertainties and each foreign governments regulations. In addition, the Companys foreign assets may be affected by changes in demand or pricing resulting from fluctuations in currency exchange rates or other factors. Cross-border outstandings include loans, acceptances, interest-bearing deposits with other banks, other interest-bearing investments, and other monetary assets which are denominated in dollars or other non-local currency. Also included are local currency outstandings not hedged or funded by local borrowings.
The tables below show the Companys cross-border outstandings for the last three years where cross-border exposure exceeds 1.00% of total assets (denoted with *) or 0.75% of total assets (denoted with **).
(In millions)
2006 |
Germany* | France* | United Kingdom* |
Netherlands* | Canada* | Italy** | Switzerland** | ||||||||||||||
Banks and Other Financial Institutions |
$ | 4,241 | $ | 2,197 | $ | 1,211 | $ | 653 | $ | 723 | $ | 992 | $ | 767 | |||||||
Public Sector |
200 | 341 | 38 | | 197 | | | ||||||||||||||
Commercial, Industrial and Other |
402 | 35 | 1,025 | 753 | 233 | 17 | 121 | ||||||||||||||
Total Cross-Border Outstandings |
$ | 4,843 | $ | 2,573 | $ | 2,274 | $ | 1,406 | $ | 1,153 | $ | 1,009 | $ | 888 | |||||||
2005 | Germany* | United Kingdom* |
Netherlands* | France* | Belgium** | Switzerland** | ||||||||||||
Banks and Other Financial Institutions |
$ | 2,216 | $ | 571 | $ | 1,010 | $ | 740 | $ | 634 | $ | 744 | ||||||
Public Sector |
185 | | | 169 | 49 | | ||||||||||||
Commercial, Industrial and Other |
406 | 1,256 | 570 | 203 | 257 | 141 | ||||||||||||
Total Cross-Border Outstandings |
$ | 2,807 | $ | 1,827 | $ | 1,580 | $ | 1,112 | $ | 940 | $ | 885 | ||||||
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2004 | Germany* | United Kingdom* |
France* | ||||||
Banks and Other Financial Institutions |
$ | 2,586 | $ | 307 | $ | 850 | |||
Public Sector |
176 | | 128 | ||||||
Commercial, Industrial and Other |
433 | 776 | 302 | ||||||
Total Cross-Border Outstandings |
$ | 3,195 | $ | 1,083 | $ | 1,280 | |||
The Companys significant accounting policies are described in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies. Four of the Companys more critical accounting policies are those related to the allowance for credit losses, the valuation of derivatives and securities where quoted market prices are not available, goodwill and other intangibles, and pension accounting. In addition to Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, further information on policies related to the allowance for credit losses can be found under Asset Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses in the MD&A section. Further information on the valuation of derivatives and securities where quoted market prices are not available can be found under Market Risk Management and Trading Activities and Risk Management in the MD&A section and in Fair Value of Financial Instruments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Further information on goodwill and intangible assets can be found in Goodwill and Intangibles in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Additional information on pensions can be found in Employee Benefit Plans in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses and allowance for lending-related commitments consist of four elements: (1) an allowance for impaired credits; (2) an allowance for higher risk rated loans and exposures; (3) an allowance for pass rated loans and exposures; and (4) an unallocated allowance based on general economic conditions and certain risk factors in the Companys individual portfolio and markets. Further discussion on the four elements can be found under Asset Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses in the MD&A section.
The allowance for credit losses represents managements estimate of probable losses inherent in the Companys credit portfolio. This evaluation process is subject to numerous estimates and judgments. Probability of default ratings are assigned after analyzing the credit quality of each borrower/counterparty and the Companys internal rating are generally consistent with external ratings agencys default databases. Loss given default ratings are driven by the collateral, structure, and seniority of each individual asset and are consistent with external loss given default/recovery databases. The portion of the allowance related to impaired credits is based on the present value of future cash flows. Changes in the estimates of probability of default, risk ratings, loss given default/recovery rates, and cash flows could have a direct impact on the allocated allowance for loan losses.
To the extent actual results differ from forecasts or managements judgment, the allowance for credit losses may be greater or less than future charge-offs.
The Company considers it difficult to quantify the impact of changes in forecast on its allowance for credit losses. Nevertheless, the Company believes the following discussion may enable investors to better understand the variables that drive the allowance for credit losses.
A key variable in determining the allowance is managements judgment in determining the size of the unallocated allowance. At December 31, 2006, the unallocated allowance was 23% of the total allowance. If the unallocated allowance were five percent higher or lower, the allowance would have increased or decreased by $22 million, respectively.
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The credit rating assigned to each credit is another significant variable in determining the allowance. If each credit were rated one grade better, the allowance would have decreased by $74 million, while if each credit were rated one grade worse, the allowance would have increased by $133 million.
Similarly, if the loss given default were one rating worse, the allowance would have increased by $45 million, while if the loss given default were one rating better, the allowance would have decreased by $42 million.
For impaired credits, if the fair value of the loans were 10% higher or lower, the allowance would have increased or decreased by $3 million, respectively.
Valuation of Derivatives and Securities Where Quoted Market Prices Are Not Available
When quoted market prices are not available for derivatives and securities values, such values are determined at fair value, which is defined as the value at which positions could be closed out or sold in a transaction with a willing counterparty over a period of time consistent with the Companys trading or investment strategy. Fair value for these instruments is determined based on discounted cash flow analysis, comparison to similar instruments, and the use of financial models. Financial models use as their basis independently-sourced market parameters including, for example, interest rate yield curves, option volatilities, and currency rates. Discounted cash flow analysis is dependent upon estimated future cash flows and the level of interest rates. Model-based pricing uses inputs of observable prices for interest rates, foreign exchange rates, option volatilities and other factors. Models are benchmarked and validated by independent parties. The Companys valuation process takes into consideration factors such as counterparty credit quality, liquidity and concentration concerns. The Company applies judgment in the application of these factors. In addition, the Company must apply judgment when no external parameters exist. Finally, other factors can affect the Companys estimate of fair value, including market dislocations, incorrect model assumptions, and unexpected correlations.
These valuation methods could expose the Company to materially different results should the models used or underlying assumptions be inaccurate. See Use of Estimates in Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
To assist in assessing the impact of a change in valuation, at December 31, 2006, approximately $2.2 billion of the Companys portfolio of securities and derivatives is not priced based on quoted market prices. A change of 2.5% in the valuation of these securities and derivatives would result in a change in pre-tax income of $54 million.
Goodwill and Other Intangibles
The Company records all assets and liabilities acquired in purchase acquisitions, including goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles, and other intangibles, at fair value as required by SFAS No. 141 (SFAS 141), Business Combinations. Goodwill ($5,172 million at December 31, 2006) and indefinite-lived intangible assets ($370 million at December 31, 2006) are not amortized but are subject to annual tests for impairment or more often if events or circumstances indicate they may be impaired. Other intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives and are subject to impairment if events or circumstances indicate a possible inability to realize the carrying amount. The initial recording of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles, and other intangibles requires subjective judgments concerning estimates of the fair value of the acquired assets. Goodwill is assigned to specific reporting units, which are generally one level below the segment level but can be combined when reporting units within the same segment have similar economic characteristics. The goodwill impairment test is performed in two phases. The first step of the goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an additional procedure must be performed. That additional procedure compares the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. An
29
impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are evaluated for impairment at least annually by comparing their fair value to their carrying value. Other intangible assets ($1,083 million at December 31, 2006) are evaluated for impairment if events and circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Such evaluation of other intangible assets is based on undiscounted cash flow projections. The Company recorded a $6 million impairment charge in 2006 related to the write-off of customer intangibles in Europe.
Fair value may be determined using: market prices, comparison to similar assets, market multiples, discounted cash flow analysis and other determinants. Estimated cash flows may extend far into the future and, by their nature, are difficult to determine over an extended timeframe. Factors that may significantly affect the estimates include, among others, competitive forces, customer behaviors and attrition, changes in revenue growth trends, cost structures and technology, and changes in discount rates and specific industry or market sector conditions. Other key judgments in accounting for intangibles include useful life and classification between goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles or other intangibles which require amortization. See Goodwill and Intangibles in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding intangible assets.
To assist in assessing the impact of a goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles, or other intangible asset impairment charge, at December 31, 2006, the Company has $6.6 billion of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles, and other intangible assets. The impact of a 5% impairment charge would result in a reduction in pre-tax income of approximately $331 million.
Pension Accounting
The Company has defined benefit pension plans covering approximately 14,200 U.S. employees and approximately 2,750 non-U.S. employees.
The Company has three defined benefit pension plans in the U.S. and six overseas. The U.S. plans account for 77% of the projected benefit obligation. Pension expense was $38 million in 2006, compared with $26 million in 2005 and a pension credit of $24 million in 2004. In addition to its pension plans, the Company also has an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) which may provide additional benefits to certain employees. Upon retirement, covered employees are entitled to the higher of their benefit under the ESOP or the defined benefit plan. If the benefit is higher under the defined benefit plan, the employees ESOP account is contributed to the pension plan.
A number of key assumption and measurement date values determine pension expense. The key elements include the long-term rate of return on plan assets, the discount rate, the market-related value of plan assets, and for the primary U.S. plan the price used to value stock in the ESOP. Since 2004, these key elements have varied as follows:
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Domestic Plans: |
||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Rate of Return on Plan Assets |
8.00 | % | 7.88 | % | 8.25 | % | 8.75 | % | ||||||||
Discount Rate |
6.00 | 5.88 | 6.00 | 6.25 | ||||||||||||
Market-Related Value of Plan Assets(1) |
$ | 1,352 | $ | 1,324 | $ | 1,502 | $ | 1,523 | ||||||||
ESOP Stock Price(1) |
34.85 | 30.46 | 30.67 | 27.88 | ||||||||||||
Net U.S. Pension Credit/(Expense) |
$ | (26 | ) | $ | (17 | ) | $ | 31 | ||||||||
All Other Pension Credit/(Expense) |
(12 | ) | (9 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Pension Credit/(Expense)(2) |
$ | (38 | ) | $ | (26 | ) | $ | 24 | ||||||||
(1) | Actuarially smoothed data. See Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies in Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(2) | Pension benefits expense includes discontinued operations expense of $6 million in 2006, 2005, and 2004. |
30
The discount rate for U.S. pension plans was determined after reviewing a number of high quality long-term bond indices whose yields were adjusted to match the duration of the Companys pension liability. The Company also reviewed the results of several models that matched bonds to the Companys pension cash flows. The various indices and models produced discount rates ranging from 5.91% to 6.10%. After reviewing the various indices and models the Company selected a discount rate of 6.00%. The discount rates for foreign pension plans are based on high quality corporate bonds rates in countries that have an active corporate bond market. In those countries with no active corporate bond market, discount rates are based on local government bond rates plus a credit spread.
The Companys expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is based on anticipated returns for each asset class. At September 30, 2006 and 2005, the assumptions for the long-term rates of return on plan assets were 8.00% and 7.88%, respectively. Anticipated returns are weighted for the target allocation for each asset class. Anticipated returns are based on forecasts for prospective returns in the equity and fixed income markets, which should track the long-term historical returns for these markets. The Company also considers the growth outlook for U.S. and global economies, as well as current and prospective interest rates.
The market-related value of plan assets also influences the level of pension expense. Differences between expected and actual returns are recognized over five years to compute an actuarially derived market-related value of plan assets. In 2006, the market-related value of plan assets declined as the extraordinary actual return in 2000 was replaced with a more modest return. The market-related value of plan assets grew slightly for 2007 as the pension fund earned more normal returns.
Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses are amortized over the future service period (11 years) of active employees if they exceed a threshold amount. The Company currently has unrecognized losses which are being amortized.
For 2006, U.S. pension expense increased by $9 million reflecting changes in assumptions, the amortization of unrecognized pension losses, and a decline in the market-related value of plan assets, partly offset by a switch to the computation of benefits from final average pay to career average pay. U.S. pension expense is expected to decline approximately $30 million in 2007 primarily due to employees working longer and the Pension Protection Act of 2006.
The annual impacts on the primary U.S. plan of hypothetical changes in the key elements on the pension expense are shown in the tables below.
(Dollars in millions, except per share amount) |
Increase in Pension Expense |
2007 Base | Decrease in Pension Expense |
|||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Rate of Return on Plan Assets |
7.00 | % | 7.50 | % | 8.00 | % | 8.50 | % | 9.00 | % | ||||||||||
Change in Pension Expense |
$ | 18.4 | $ | 9.2 | N/A | $ | 9.2 | $ | 18.4 | |||||||||||
Discount Rate |
5.50 | % | 5.75 | % | 6.00 | % | 6.25 | % | 6.50 | % | ||||||||||
Change in Pension Expense |
$ | 11.8 | $ | 5.8 | N/A | $ | 5.7 | $ | 11.2 | |||||||||||
Market-Related Value of Plan Assets |
-20.00 | % | -10.00 | % | $ | 1,352 | +10.00 | % | +20.00 | % | ||||||||||
Change in Pension Expense |
$ | 50.6 | $ | 25.3 | N/A | $ | 25.2 | $ | 46.9 | |||||||||||
ESOP Stock Price |
$ | 24.85 | $ | 29.85 | $ | 34.85 | $ | 39.85 | $ | 44.85 | ||||||||||
Change in Pension Expense |
$ | 14.5 | $ | 7.0 | N/A | $ | 6.5 | $ | 12.5 |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET REVIEW
The Companys assets were $103.4 billion at December 31, 2006, up from $102.1 billion in the prior year. The increase in 2006 from 2005 primarily reflects growth in the Companys securities servicing businesses and the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, partly offset by the sale of the Retail Business. Investment securities as a
31
percent of the Companys year-end assets were 20% in 2006 and 27% in 2005. The decline in investment securities relates to the sale of $5.5 billion of securities as part of the portfolio restructuring entered into in connection with the sale of the Retail Business and the purchase of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. Loans as a percent of assets was 37% and 32% in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The increase in loans was driven by the needs of the Companys securities servicing customers. Total shareholders equity was $11.6 billion at December 31, 2006 compared with $9.9 billion in 2005. The major reason for the increase in shareholders equity was retention of earnings.
Investment Securities
The table below shows the distribution of the Companys investment securities portfolio:
Investment Securities (at Fair Value)
(In millions) |
December 31, 2006 |
December 31, 2005 | ||||
Fixed Income Securities: |
||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
$ | 17,785 | $ | 22,484 | ||
Asset-Backed Securities |
464 | 305 | ||||
Corporate Debt |
256 | 1,034 | ||||
Short-Term Money Market Instruments |
531 | 975 | ||||
U.S. Treasury Securities |
86 | 226 | ||||
U.S. Government Agencies |
673 | 620 | ||||
State and Political Subdivisions |
88 | 116 | ||||
Emerging Market Debt (Collateralized by U.S. Treasury |
116 | 117 | ||||
Other Foreign Debt |
10 | 363 | ||||
Subtotal Fixed Income Securities |
20,009 | 26,240 | ||||
Equity Securities: |
||||||
Money Market or Fixed Income Funds |
1,032 | 922 | ||||
Other |
46 | 31 | ||||
Subtotal Equity Securities |
1,078 | 953 | ||||
Total Securities |
$ | 21,087 | $ | 27,193 | ||
Total investment securities were $21.1 billion in 2006, compared with $27.2 billion in 2005 and $23.7 billion in 2004. In 2006, the $5.5 billion portfolio restructuring sale is primarily responsible for the decline in investments. The increase in 2005 was primarily due to the addition of $3.1 billion of highly rated mortgage-backed securities. Average investment securities were $22.3 billion in 2006, compared with $20.7 billion in 2005 and $18.0 billion in 2004. At December 31, 2006, the fixed income portfolio composition was approximately 26% hybrid, 38% fixed rate, and 27% variable rate mortgage-backed securities while treasuries, government agencies, municipalities and short-term securities were 7% and other securities were 2%.
The Companys portfolio of mortgage-backed securities is 87% rated AAA, 9% AA, and 4% A. The primary risk in these securities is interest rate sensitivity. The Company seeks to reduce interest rate risk by investing in securities that convert to floating within three to five years or by investing in traunches of mortgage-backed securities that have rapid repayment characteristics. See Asset/Liability Management. The Company has been adding either adjustable or short life classes of structured mortgage-backed securities, both of which have short durations. The Company has maintained an effective duration of approximately 1.6 years on its mortgage portfolio to best match its liabilities and to reduce the adverse impact from a rise in interest rates.
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Corporate debt securities declined in 2006. The primary risks in corporate debt securities are credit risk and interest rate risk. Almost all of the corporate securities are investment grade.
The short-term money market instruments and obligations of state and political subdivisions have a modest amount of credit risk. The U.S. Treasury and Agency securities and obligations of state and political subdivision are generally fixedrate securities so they expose the Company to interest rate risk.
There was no unrealized net gain or loss on securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2006, compared with an unrealized net loss of $108 million at December 31, 2005. The decline in unrealized net loss reflects the portfolio restructuring and a decline in longer term interest rates.
The following table shows the maturity distribution by carrying amount and yield (not on a tax equivalent basis) of the Companys securities portfolio at December 31, 2006.
(Dollars in millions) |
U.S. Government |
U.S. Government |
States and Political Subdivisions |
Other Bonds, Notes and Debentures |
Mortgage/ Asset-Backed |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
One Year or Less |
$ | | | % | $ | 120 | 2.65 | % | $ | | | % | $ | | | % | $ | | | % | $ | 120 | |||||||||||
Over 1 through 5 Years |
| | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Over 5 through 10 Years |
| | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Over 10 years |
| | | | | | 117 | 6.33 | | | 117 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
| | | | | | | | 1,492 | 4.68 | 1,492 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | | | % | $ | 120 | 2.65 | % | $ | | | % | $ | 117 | 6.33 | % | $ | 1,492 | 4.68 | % | $ | 1,729 | ||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
One Year or Less |
$ | 36 | 4.47 | % | $ | 463 | 4.91 | % | $ | 8 | 8.15 | % | $ | 274 | 5.25 | % | $ | | | % | $ | 781 | |||||||||||
Over 1 through 5 Years |
50 | 4.53 | 91 | 5.47 | 36 | 8.69 | 3 | 5.78 | | | 180 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Over 5 through 10 Years |
| | | | 29 | 8.69 | 31 | 6.28 | | | 60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Over 10 years |
| | | | 15 | 7.24 | 490 | 3.75 | | | 505 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
| | | | | | | | 16,309 | 5.43 | 16,309 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
| | | | | | | | 464 | 6.72 | 464 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity Securities |
| | | | | | | | 1,078 | 4.98 | 1,078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 86 | 4.50 | % | $ | 554 | 5.00 | % | $ | 88 | 8.39 | % | $ | 798 | 4.37 | % | $ | 17,851 | 5.26 | % | $ | 19,377 | ||||||||||||
(1) | Yields are based upon the amortized cost of securities. |
The Company also has equity investments categorized as other assets (bracketed amounts indicate carrying values). Included in other assets are strategic investments related to securities servicing ($86 million), venture capital investments ($281 million), an investment in Wing Hang ($241 million), tax advantaged low-income housing investments ($140 million), Federal Reserve Bank stock ($107 million), and other equity investments ($2 million).
The largest minority interest is Wing Hang with a fair value of $698 million (book value of $241 million) at December 31, 2006. An agreement with certain other shareholders of Wing Hang prohibits the sale of this interest without their permission. The Company received dividends from Wing Hang of $18 million, $16 million, and $12 million in 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. In 2004, the Company reduced its investment in Wing Hang from approximately 25% of Wing Hangs outstanding shares to 20%.
Venture capital activities consist of investments in private equity funds, mezzanine financings, and direct equity investments. Consistent with the Companys policy to focus on its core activities, it continues to reduce its
33
exposure to venture capital activities. The carrying and fair value of the Companys venture capital investments was $281 million at December 31, 2006, down $166 million from $447 million at December 31, 2002. Venture capital investments consist of investments in private equity funds of $231 million, direct equity of $21 million, mezzanine financings of $9 million, and leveraged bond funds of $20 million. Fair values for private equity funds are generally based upon information provided by fund sponsors and the Companys knowledge of the underlying portfolio while mezzanine financing and direct equity investments are based upon Company models. At December 31, 2006, the Company had hedged approximately $7 million of its private equity fund investments. Hedge positions are recorded at fair value with resulting gains and losses reflected in securities gains.
In 2006, the Company had an average invested balance of $311 million in venture capital. Securities gains and interest income were $97 million, a pre-tax return of 31%. For 2007, the Company enters the year with a $281 million investment balance, and would expect returns to be lower than 2006.
At December 31, 2006, the Company had $55 million of unfunded investment commitments to private equity funds and partnerships. The timing of future cash requirements to fund such commitments is generally dependent on the investment cycle. This cycle, the period over which privately-held companies are funded by private equity investors and ultimately sold, merged, or taken public through an initial public offering, can vary based on overall market conditions as well as the nature and type of industry in which the companies operate. If unused, the commitments expire as follows:
(In millions) |
Commitments | ||
2007 |
$ | 2 | |
2008 |
| ||
2009 - 2011 |
53 | ||
Total |
$ | 55 | |
Commitments to venture capital limited partnerships may extend beyond the expiration period shown above to cover certain follow-on investments, claims and liabilities, and organizational and partnership expenses.
Consistent with its objective to expand its asset management activities, the Company started the BNY Mezzanine Partners, L.P. in 2006 and committed $75 million to the fund. As of December 31, 2006, the fund had $194 million of assets under management. The Company expects the final close of BNY Mezzanine Partners, L.P. to be in April 2007, with a maximum size of $250 million.
In February 2006, the Company registered an investment fund company in Poland, called BNY National Trust TFI SA (BNY National Trust). BNY National Trust expects to receive a license to start operations in the Polish market in the second quarter 2007. BNY National Trusts first fund will be a closed-end private equity investment fund offering a portfolio of private equity funds and direct investments in established privately-held companies. The fund will consist of 50% private equity fund of funds, 30% direct mezzanine investments and 20% direct equity co-investment. The Companys expected commitment to BNY National Trust is 10% of the fund, up to $15 million.
From time to time, the Company may make other fund commitments consistent with its strategy to expand its asset management activities.
Loans
(In billions) |
December 31, | Annual Average | ||||||||||||||||
Total | Non-Margin | Margin | Total | Non-Margin | Margin | |||||||||||||
2006 |
$ | 37.8 | $ | 32.7 | $ | 5.1 | $ | 33.6 | $ | 28.2 | $ | 5.4 | ||||||
2005 |
32.9 | 26.8 | 6.1 | 32.1 | 25.7 | 6.4 | ||||||||||||
2004 |
28.4 | 22.3 | 6.1 | 30.6 | 24.3 | 6.3 |
34
Total loans were $37.8 billion at December 31, 2006, compared with $32.9 billion in 2005. The increase in 2006 versus 2005 primarily reflects increased lending to securities servicing customers and higher mortgage loans partially offset by a decrease in margin loans reflecting the loss of a significant customer at Pershing. The Company continues to focus on its strategy of reducing non-strategic and outsized corporate loan exposures to improve its credit risk profile. Average total loans were $33.6 billion in 2006, compared with $32.1 billion in 2005. The increase in average loans in 2006 primarily results from the same factors impacting year-end loans outstanding.
The table below shows trends in the loans outstanding at year-end on a continuing operations basis over the last five years based on a product analysis.
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||
Domestic |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and Industrial Loans |
$ | 4,814 | $ | 3,676 | $ | 3,411 | $ | 4,221 | $ | 8,187 | ||||||||||
Real Estate Loans: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Construction and Land Development |
284 | 324 | 284 | 304 | 480 | |||||||||||||||
Other, Principally Commercial Mortgages |
422 | 554 | 863 | 1,375 | 1,450 | |||||||||||||||
Collateralized by Residential Properties |
3,815 | 2,710 | 1,983 | 1,076 | 1,275 | |||||||||||||||
Banks and Other Financial Institutions |
2,494 | 2,266 | 1,323 | 1,320 | 1,292 | |||||||||||||||
Loans for Purchasing or Carrying Securities |
7,114 | 4,935 | 3,028 | 4,221 | 1,720 | |||||||||||||||
Lease Financings |
3,032 | 3,262 | 3,595 | 3,727 | 3,529 | |||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unearned Income on Lease Financings |
(832 | ) | (938 | ) | (1,072 | ) | (1,063 | ) | (944 | ) | ||||||||||
Consumer Loans |
266 | 378 | 431 | 573 | 608 | |||||||||||||||
Margin loans |
5,167 | 6,089 | 6,059 | 5,712 | 352 | |||||||||||||||
Other |
1,336 | 946 | 548 | 431 | 238 | |||||||||||||||
Total Domestic |
27,912 | 24,202 | 20,453 | 21,897 | 18,187 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and Industrial Loans |
1,111 | 1,184 | 793 | 1,305 | 1,780 | |||||||||||||||
Banks and Other Financial Institutions |
5,350 | 4,196 | 3,939 | 2,045 | 1,624 | |||||||||||||||
Lease Financings |
5,802 | 5,816 | 5,871 | 6,026 | 6,062 | |||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unearned Income on Lease Financings |
(2,504 | ) | (2,615 | ) | (2,731 | ) | (2,960 | ) | (3,124 | ) | ||||||||||
Government and Official Institutions |
9 | 101 | 42 | 93 | 205 | |||||||||||||||
Other |
113 | 43 | 8 | 8 | 9 | |||||||||||||||
Total Foreign |
9,881 | 8,725 | 7,922 | 6,517 | 6,556 | |||||||||||||||
Less: Allowance for Loan Losses |
(287 | ) | (326 | ) | (491 | ) | (558 | ) | (530 | ) | ||||||||||
Net Loans |
$ | 37,506 | $ | 32,601 | $ | 27,884 | $ | 27,856 | $ | 24,213 | ||||||||||
Asset Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses
Over the past several years, the Company has improved its risk profile through greater focus on clients who are active users of the Companys non-credit services, with a de-emphasis on broad-based loan growth. The Companys primary exposure to credit risk of a customer consists of funded loans, unfunded formal contractual commitments to lend, counterparty risk associated with derivative transactions and overdrafts associated with clearing and settlement.
The role of credit has shifted to one that complements the Companys other services instead of as a lead product. Credit solidifies customer relationships and, through a disciplined allocation of capital, can earn acceptable rates of return as part of an overall relationship. The Companys credit risk management objectives
35
are: (1) to eliminate non-strategic exposures; (2) to increase granularity in the portfolio by cutting back large individual borrower exposures; (3) to restructure the portfolio to avoid outsized industry concentrations; and (4) to limit exposures to non-investment grade counterparties. The goal of these objectives is to reduce volatility in the Companys credit provisioning and earnings. The Company regularly culls its loan portfolio of credit exposures that no longer meet risk/return criteria, including an assessment of overall relationship profitability. In addition, the Company makes use of credit derivatives and other risk mitigants as economic hedges of portions of the credit risk in its portfolio. The effect of these transactions is to transfer credit risk to creditworthy, independent third parties.
The Company continues to make progress towards improving its credit risk profile.
| At December 31, 2006, corporate exposure was $23.9 billion. |
| The Company brought industry concentrations in line with reduced targets in areas such as telecom, retailing, and automotive. The largest single corporate industry exposure is now energy at 6% of total exposures. |
| The Company continued to eliminate non-strategic exposures that do not meet yield or cross-sell criteria. |
| At December 31, 2006, the Company has used credit default swaps to reduce exposure on $1,688 million of loans and commitments. |
At December 31, 2006, total exposures were $87.1 billion, up from $76.5 billion in 2005 reflecting increased lending to financial institutions.
The Companys largest absolute risk is lending to financial institutions and corporates, which make up 79% of the total. The business unit components of the loan portfolio are detailed below.
Loan Portfolio
12/31/06 | 12/31/05 | 12/31/04 | 12/31/03 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(In billions) |
Loans | Exposure | Loans | Exposure | Loans | Exposure | Loans | Exposure | ||||||||||||||||
Financial Institutions |
$ | 17.4 | $ | 44.9 | $ | 13.0 | $ | 35.4 | $ | 9.5 | $ | 31.1 | $ | 9.2 | $ | 31.0 | ||||||||
Corporate |
4.1 | 23.9 | 3.7 | 23.3 | 3.6 | 23.0 | 4.0 | 24.5 | ||||||||||||||||
21.5 | 68.8 | 16.7 | 58.7 | 13.1 | 54.1 | 13.2 | 55.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Consumer |
4.3 | 4.8 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Lease Financings |
5.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial Real Estate |
1.4 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Margin Loans |
5.1 | 5.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 37.8 | $ | 87.1 | $ | 32.9 | $ | 76.5 | $ | 28.4 | $ | 71.0 | $ | 28.4 | $ | 71.6 | ||||||||
Of the credits in the financial institutions and corporate segments with a rating equivalent to non-investment grade at December 31, 2006, 48% of these credits mature in less than one year.
Financial Institutions
The financial institutions portfolio exposure increased to $44.9 billion at year-ended 2006 from $31.1 billion in 2004 reflecting the expansion of the Companys securities servicing business. The financial institutions exposure fluctuates day to day based on the financing needs of the Companys broker-dealer customers and overdrafts relating to security settlements. These exposures are generally high quality, with 85% meeting the investment grade criteria of the Companys rating system. The exposures are short-term with 77% expiring
36
within one year, and are frequently secured. For example, mortgage banking, securities industry, and investment managers often borrow against marketable securities held in custody at the Company. The diversity of the portfolio is shown in the accompanying table.
(In billions) Lending Division |
12/31/06 | 12/31/05 | 12/31/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans | Unfunded Commitments |
Total Exposures |
% Inv Grade |
% due <1 Yr |
Loans | Unfunded Commitments |
Total Exposures |
Loans | Unfunded Commitments | |||||||||||||||||||||
Banks |
$ | 5.7 | $ | 5.5 | $ | 11.2 | 69 | % | 84 | % | $ | 5.0 | $ | 3.8 | $ | 8.8 | $ | 4.2 | $ | 3.5 | ||||||||||
Securities Industry |
6.0 | 5.4 | 11.4 | 87 | 98 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 7.0 | 1.5 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance |
0.6 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 100 | 45 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 0.5 | 4.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Government |
0.1 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 100 | 62 | 0.1 | 4.7 | 4.8 | | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Asset Managers |
4.7 | 1.9 | 6.6 | 82 | 85 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 7.4 | 3.0 | 3.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage Banks |
0.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 70 | 50 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Endowments |
0.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 100 | 58 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 17.4 | $ | 27.5 | $ | 44.9 | 85 | % | 77 | % | $ | 13.0 | $ | 22.4 | $ | 35.4 | $ | 9.5 | $ | 21.6 | ||||||||||
Corporate
The corporate portfolio exposure increased to $23.9 billion at December 31, 2006, from $23.0 billion at year-ended 2004. Approximately 75% of the portfolio is investment grade based on the Companys rating system and 13% of the portfolio matures within one year.
(In billions) Lending Division |
12/31/06 | 12/31/05 | 12/31/04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans | Unfunded Commitments |
Total Exposures |
% Inv Grade |
% due <1 Yr |
Loans | Unfunded Commitments |
Total Exposures |
Loans | Unfunded Commitments | |||||||||||||||||||||
Media |
$ | 1.2 | $ | 2.0 | $ | 3.2 | 61 | % | 6 | % | $ | 1.0 | $ | 2.1 | $ | 3.1 | $ | 0.9 | $ | 2.2 | ||||||||||
Cable |
0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 53 | | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Telecom |
| 0.3 | 0.3 | 90 | | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
1.4 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 63 | 4 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 1.6 | 3.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Energy |
0.6 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 83 | 10 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 0.4 | 4.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Retailing |
0.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 81 | 19 | 0.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Automotive(1) |
0.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 57 | 36 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 1.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Healthcare |
0.5 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 79 | 10 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 1.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) |
1.4 | 7.0 | 8.4 | 75 | 15 | 1.3 | 6.7 | 8.0 | 1.1 | 6.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 4.1 | $ | 19.8 | $ | 23.9 | 75 | % | 13 | % | $ | 3.7 | $ | 19.6 | $ | 23.3 | $ | 3.6 | $ | 19.4 | ||||||||||
(1) | In 2005, the Company reduced its automotive exposure, eliminated the Automotive division, and transferred the remaining customers to the other geographic lending divisions. The amounts in the table were reconstructed for comparison to prior years. |
(2) | Diversified portfolio of industries and geographies |
Automotive Industry Exposures
The Company continues to seek to selectively reduce automotive exposures given ongoing weakness in the domestic automotive industry. Total exposure was $1.1 billion at December 31, 2006, down $180 million from December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2006, this broadly defined industry portfolio consisted of exposures of $180 million to Big Three automotive manufacturing companies, $166 million to finance subsidiaries, $378 million to highly rated asset-backed securitizations vehicles, $256 million to suppliers, and $141 million of other.
Consumer
The Companys consumer loan exposure is primarily comprised of loans to private bank clients, employee loans, and purchased mortgage loans. The Company has been purchasing mortgage loans as an alternative to investing in mortgage-backed securities.
37
Lease Financings
The Company utilizes the leasing portfolio as part of its tax cash flow management strategy. This portfolio generates attractive after-tax risk-adjusted returns. Counterparties in the leasing transactions are generally highly rated. The leasing portfolio consisted of non-airline exposures of $5.3 billion and $293 million of airline exposures at December 31, 2006.
The non-airline portion of the leasing portfolio consists of exposures backed by well-diversified assets, primarily large-ticket transportation equipment. The largest component is rail, consisting of both passenger and freight trains. Assets are both domestic and foreign-based, with primary concentrations in the United States and European countries. Excluding airline leasing, counterparty rating equivalents at December 31, 2006, are as follows: 43% of the counterparties are AA or better, 33% are single A, 17% are BBB, and only 7% are non-investment grade.
The Companys exposure to the airline industry at December 31, 2006, consisted of a $293 million leasing portfolio, including a $17 million real estate lease exposure. Compared to 2005, the leasing portfolio was down by $44 million. In 2006, the airline leasing portfolio consisted of exposures of $90 million to major U.S. carriers, $140 million to foreign airlines, and $63 million to U.S. regionals. In 2006, the airline industry continued to face difficult operating conditions driven by persistently high fuel prices and the limited ability to implement meaningful fare increases. The industrys excess capacity and higher oil prices continued to have a dampening effect on aircraft values in the secondary market. Because of these factors, the Company continues to maintain a sizable allowance for loan losses against these exposures and to closely monitor the portfolio. In 2006, the Company sold $38 million of leasing exposure to a domestic airline, resulting in a charge-off of $23 million. In 2005, the Company charged off $140 million of a $153 million exposure to two bankrupt domestic airlines.
Commercial Real Estate
The Companys commercial real estate loan portfolio was approximately $2.8 billion of exposure at December 31, 2006. Over 60% of the portfolio is secured by mortgages on properties predominantly located in the Tri-State region. The secured portfolio is diverse by project type with approximately 47% secured by residential buildings, approximately 29% secured by office buildings, 6% secured by retail properties, and 18% by other categories. Approximately 85% of the unsecured portfolio is allocated to investment grade real estate investment trusts (REITs) under revolving credit agreements.
The Company avoids speculative development loans and concentrates its activities largely within the New York Metropolitan area. Real estate credit facilities are focused on experienced owners and are structured with moderate leverage based on existing cash flows.
International Loans
The Company is active in the international markets, particularly in areas associated with securities servicing and trade finance. Excluding lease financings, these activities result in outstanding international loans of $6.6 billion and $5.5 billion at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
At December 31, 2006, the Companys emerging markets exposures consisted of $298 million in medium-term loans, $2,742 million in short-term loans, primarily trade related, and a $241 million investment in Wing Hang. In addition, the Company has $117 million of Philippine bonds whose principal payments are collateralized by U.S. Treasury zero coupon obligations and whose interest payments are partially collateralized. Emerging market countries where the Company has exposure include Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Russia, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, and Yemen.
Further details of the Companys outstanding international loans are included under Loans.
38
Counterparty Risk Ratings Profile
The table below summarizes the risk ratings of the Companys foreign exchange and interest rate derivative counterparty credit exposure for the past year.
For the Quarter Ended | |||||||||||||||
Rating(1) |
12/31/06 | 9/30/06 | 6/30/06 | 3/31/06 | 12/31/05 | ||||||||||
AAA to AA- |
76 | % | 77 | % | 77 | % | 77 | % | 74 | % | |||||
A+ to A- |
12 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 13 | ||||||||||
BBB+ to BBB- |
6 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 9 | ||||||||||
Noninvestment Grade |
6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 4 | ||||||||||
Total |
100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | |||||
(1) | Represents credit rating agency equivalent of internal credit ratings. |
For derivative counterparty credit exposure, see Commitments and Contingent Liabilities in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets decreased by $1 million to $38 million at December 31, 2006. The low-level of nonperforming assets at year-end 2006 and 2005 is primarily attributable to actions the Company has taken to reduce risk in the loan portfolio as well as continued strength in the economy. See Loans in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Activity in Nonperforming Assets
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | ||||||
Balance at Beginning of Year |
$ | 39 | $ | 151 | ||||
Additions |
41 | 29 | ||||||
Charge-offs |
(2 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||
Paydowns/Sales |
(37 | ) | (137 | ) | ||||
Other |
(3 | ) | | |||||
Balance at End of Year |
$ | 38 | $ | 39 | ||||
The following table shows the distribution of nonperforming assets at the end of each of the last five years:
(Dollars in millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||
Category of Loans: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial |
$ | 28 | $ | 12 | $ | 121 | $ | 207 | $ | 306 | ||||||||||
Other |
| 1 | 1 | 9 | 17 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign |
9 | 13 | 28 | 80 | 84 | |||||||||||||||
Total Nonperforming Loans |
37 | 26 | 150 | 296 | 407 | |||||||||||||||
Other Assets Owned |
1 | 13 | 1 | | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Total Nonperforming Assets |
$ | 38 | $ | 39 | $ | 151 | $ | 296 | $ | 408 | ||||||||||
Nonperforming Asset Ratio |
0.1 | % | 0.1 | % | 0.7 | % | 1.3 | % | 1.7 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses/Nonperforming Loans |
775.7 | 1,253.8 | 327.3 | 188.5 | 130.2 | |||||||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses/Nonperforming Assets |
755.3 | 835.9 | 325.2 | 188.5 | 129.9 | |||||||||||||||
Total Allowance for Credit Losses/Nonperforming Loans |
1,181.1 | 1,807.7 | 418.0 | 230.7 | 170.0 | |||||||||||||||
Total Allowance for Credit Losses/Nonperforming Assets |
1,150.0 | 1,205.1 | 415.2 | 230.7 | 169.6 |
39
Significant nonperforming assets at December 31, 2006 include $19 million to a global supplier of mobile electronics and transportation systems, $6 million to an automotive supplier, $6 million of international exposures and $3 million of emerging markets exposure.
The following table shows loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest for the last five years:
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||
Domestic: |
|||||||||||||||
Consumer |
$ | 9 | $ | 2 | $ | 7 | $ | 9 | $ | 9 | |||||
Commercial |
7 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 8 | ||||||||||
16 | 9 | 8 | 11 | 17 | |||||||||||
Foreign: |
|||||||||||||||
Banks |
| | | | 5 | ||||||||||
$ | 16 | $ | 9 | $ | 8 | $ | 11 | $ | 22 | ||||||
40
Activity in Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table details changes in the Companys allowance for credit losses for the last five years.
(Dollars in millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||
Loans Outstanding, December 31, |
$ | 37,793 | $ | 32,927 | $ | 28,375 | $ | 28,414 | $ | 24,743 | ||||||||||
Average Loans Outstanding |
33,612 | 32,069 | 30,627 | 28,678 | 27,588 | |||||||||||||||
Allowance for Credit Losses |
||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1, |
||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic |
$ | 363 | $ | 481 | $ | 500 | $ | 514 | $ | 359 | ||||||||||
Foreign |
11 | 27 | 70 | 79 | 43 | |||||||||||||||
Unallocated |
96 | 119 | 113 | 99 | 65 | |||||||||||||||
Total, January 1, |
470 | 627 | 683 | 692 | 467 | |||||||||||||||
Charge-Offs: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial |
(27 | ) | (144 | ) | (24 | ) | (118 | ) | (396 | ) | ||||||||||
Foreign |
(2 | ) | (10 | ) | (28 | ) | (26 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||||||||
Other |
| | (5 | ) | (7 | ) | | |||||||||||||
Total Charge-offs |
(29 | ) | (154 | ) | (57 | ) | (151 | ) | (419 | ) | ||||||||||
Recoveries: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial |
7 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 8 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign |
7 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||
Other |
2 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Total Recoveries |
16 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||||||||
Net Charge-Offs |
(13 | ) | (150 | ) | (52 | ) | (141 | ) | (409 | ) | ||||||||||
Provision |
(20 | ) | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | 132 | 634 | ||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic |
328 | 363 | 481 | 500 | 514 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign |
7 | 11 | 27 | 70 | 79 | |||||||||||||||
Unallocated |
102 | 96 | 119 | 113 | 99 | |||||||||||||||
Total, December 31, |
$ | 437 | $ | 470 | $ | 627 | $ | 683 | $ | 692 | ||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses |
$ | 287 | $ | 326 | $ | 491 | $ | 558 | $ | 530 | ||||||||||
Allowance for Lending-Related Commitments |
150 | 144 | 136 | 125 | 162 | |||||||||||||||
Ratios |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net Charge-Offs to Average Loans Outstanding |
0.04 | % | 0.47 | % | 0.17 | % | 0.49 | % | 1.48 | % | ||||||||||
Net Charge-Offs to Total Allowance for Credit Losses |
2.97 | 31.91 | 8.29 | 20.64 | 59.10 | |||||||||||||||
Total Allowance for Credit Losses to |
1.16 | 1.43 | 2.21 | 2.40 | 2.80 | |||||||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses to |
0.76 | 0.99 | 1.73 | 1.96 | 2.14 |
Net charge-offs were $13 million in 2006, $150 million in 2005, and $52 million in 2004. Net charge-offs in 2006 included $23 million related to the sale of an airline exposure. Net charge-offs in 2005 included $140 million related to two bankrupt airline customers.
The provision for credit losses was a credit of $20 million in 2006, compared with a credit of $7 million in 2005 and a credit of $4 million in 2004. The increase in the credit to the provision in 2006 and 2005 primarily reflects continued strong asset quality.
41
The total allowance for credit losses was $437 million and $470 million at year-end 2006 and 2005, respectively. The ratio of the total allowance for credit losses to year-end non-margin loans was 1.34% and 1.75% at December 31, 2006 and 2005. The ratio of the allowance for loan losses to year-end non-margin loans was 0.88% and 1.21% at December 31, 2006 and 2005. The decline in these ratios reflects the continued strong credit quality of the Companys loan portfolio.
The Company had $5.167 billion and $6.089 billion of secured margin loans on its balance sheet at December 31, 2006 and 2005. The Company has rarely suffered a loss on these types of loans and does not allocate any of its allowance for credit losses to these loans. The Company believes that the ratio of allowance for credit losses to non-margin loans is a more appropriate metric to measure the adequacy of the reserve.
The Companys total allowance for credit losses at year-end 2006 equated to approximately 5.5 times the average charge-offs and 6.1 times the average net charge-offs for the last three years. Because historical charge-offs are not necessarily indicative of future charge-off levels, the Company also gives consideration to other risk indicators when determining the appropriate allowance level.
The allowance for loan losses and the allowance for lending-related commitments consist of four elements: (1) an allowance for impaired credits (nonaccrual commercial credits over $1 million); (2) an allowance for higher risk rated credits; (3) an allowance for pass rated credits; and (4) an unallocated allowance based on general economic conditions and risk factors in the Companys individual markets.
The first element, impaired credits, is based on individual analysis of all nonperforming commercial credits over $1 million. The allowance is measured by the difference between the recorded value of impaired loans and their fair value. Fair value is either the present value of the expected future cash flows from the borrower, the market value of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral.
The second element, higher risk rated credits, is based on the assignment of loss factors for each specific risk category of higher risk credits. The Company rates each credit in its portfolio that exceeds $1 million and assigns the credits to specific risk pools. A potential loss factor is assigned to each pool, and an amount is included in the allowance equal to the product of the amount of the loan in the pool and the risk factor. Reviews of higher risk rated loans are conducted quarterly and the loans rating is updated as necessary. The Company prepares a loss migration analysis and compares its actual loss experience to the loss factors on an annual basis to attempt to ensure the accuracy of the loss factors assigned to each pool.
The third element, pass rated credits, is based on the Companys expected loss model. Borrowers are assigned to pools based on their credit ratings. The expected loss for each loan in a pool incorporates the borrowers credit rating, loss given default rating and maturity. The credit rating is dependent upon the borrowers probability of default. The loss given default incorporates a recovery expectation. Borrower ratings are reviewed at least annually and are periodically mapped to third party, including rating agency and default and recovery, data bases to ensure ongoing consistency and validity. Commercial loans over $1 million are individually analyzed before being assigned a credit rating. The Company also applies this technique to its leasing and consumer portfolios.
The fourth element, the unallocated allowance, is based on managements judgment regarding the following factors:
| Economic conditions including duration of the current cycle; |
| Past experience including recent loss experience; |
| Credit quality trends; |
| Collateral values; |
42
| Volume, composition, and growth of the loan portfolio; |
| Specific credits and industry conditions; |
| Results of bank regulatory and internal credit exams; |
| Actions by the Federal Reserve Board; |
| Delay in receipt of information to evaluate loans or confirm existing credit deterioration; and |
| Geopolitical issues and their impact on the economy. |
In 2006, the allowance for pass rated credits was flat reflecting continued improvement in credit quality and strength in the economy. The decline in the allowance for impaired credits was due to improvements in asset quality as the Company has only four impaired credits. The major portion of the overall decline in reserve for higher risk credits reflects the sale of an airline exposure. The amount of unallocated allowance was relatively flat in absolute dollars reflecting the continued relatively benign credit environment but increased as a percentage of the total allowance as the total allowance declined.
Based on an evaluation of these four elements, including individual credits, historical credit losses, and global economic factors, the Company has allocated its allowance for credit losses on a continuing operations basis as follows:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
Domestic: |
|||||||||||||||
Real Estate |
2 | % | 1 | % | 1 | % | 1 | % | 2 | % | |||||
Commercial |
67 | 72 | 73 | 73 | 73 | ||||||||||
Consumer |
6 | 4 | 2 | | | ||||||||||
Foreign |
2 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 11 | ||||||||||
Unallocated |
23 | 20 | 19 | 16 | 14 | ||||||||||
100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||
Such an allocation is inherently judgmental, and the entire allowance for credit losses is available to absorb credit losses regardless of the nature of the loss.
The following table shows the maturity structure of the Companys commercial loan portfolio at December 31, 2006.
(In millions) |
Within 1 Year |
Between 1 and 5 Years |
After 5 Years |
Total | ||||||||
Domestic: |
||||||||||||
Real Estate, Excluding Loans Collateralized by 1-4 Family Residential Properties |
$ | 164 | $ | 473 | $ | 69 | $ | 706 | ||||
Commercial and Industrial Loans |
1,078 | 3,106 | 630 | 4,814 | ||||||||
Loans for Purchasing or Carrying Securities |
6,934 | 163 | 17 | 7,114 | ||||||||
Margin Loans |
5,167 | | | 5,167 | ||||||||
Other, Excluding Loans to Individuals and Those Collateralized by 1-4 Family Residential Properties |
2,999 | 647 | 184 | 3,830 | ||||||||
16,342 | 4,389 | 900 | 21,631 | |||||||||
Foreign |
5,675 | 893 | 15 | 6,583 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 22,017 | $ | 5,282 | $ | 915 | $ | 28,214 | ||||
Loans with: |
||||||||||||
Predetermined Interest Rates |
$ | 11,323 | $ | 129 | $ | 22 | $ | 11,474 | ||||
Floating Interest Rates |
10,694 | 5,153 | 893 | 16,740 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 22,017 | $ | 5,282 | $ | 915 | $ | 28,214 | ||||
43
Deposits
Total deposits were $62.1 billion at year-end 2006, compared with $49.8 billion in 2005 and $43.1 billion in 2004. The increase was primarily due to growth in the securities servicing business and the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. Noninterest-bearing deposits were $19.5 billion at December 31, 2006, compared with $12.7 billion in 2005 and $11.7 billion in 2004. Interest-bearing deposits were $42.6 billion in 2006, compared with $37.1 billion in 2005 and $31.4 billion in 2004.
The aggregate amount of deposits by foreign customers in domestic offices was $6.3 billion, $5.6 billion, and $5.2 billion at December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.
The following table shows the maturity breakdown of domestic time deposits of $100,000 or more at December 31, 2006.
(In millions) |
Certificates of Deposits |
Other Time Deposits |
Total | ||||||
3 Months or Less |
$ | 718 | $ | 16,471 | $ | 17,189 | |||
Between 3 and 6 Months |
206 | | 206 | ||||||
Between 6 and 12 Months |
978 | | 978 | ||||||
Over 12 Months |
1,475 | | 1,475 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 3,377 | $ | 16,471 | $ | 19,848 | |||
Other Borrowings
The Company funds itself mainly through deposits and other borrowings, which are comprised of federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreement, payables to customers and broker-dealers, other borrowed funds, and long-term debt. Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements were $790 million in 2006, compared with $834 million in 2005 and $1,205 million in 2004. Payables to customers and broker-dealers were $7,266 million in 2006, $8,623 million in 2005 and $8,664 million in 2004. Other borrowed funds were $1,625 million in 2006, compared with $904 million in 2005 and $533 million in 2004. Other borrowed funds consist primarily of commercial paper, extended federal funds purchased, and amounts owed to the U.S. Treasury. See Capital Resources for a discussion of long-term debt.
Information related to federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements in 2006, 2005, and 2004 is presented in the table below.
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount | Average Rate |
Amount | Average Rate |
Amount | Average Rate |
||||||||||||
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements |
||||||||||||||||||
At December 31 |
$ | 790 | 4.18 | % | $ | 834 | 3.04 | % | $ | 1,205 | 0.91 | % | ||||||
Average During Year |
2,237 | 4.65 | 1,284 | 2.73 | 1,551 | 0.99 | ||||||||||||
Maximum Month-End Balance During Year |
2,079 | 4.47 | 3,349 | 4.19 | 4,173 | 0.92 |
Information related to other borrowed funds in 2006, 2005, and 2004 is presented in the table below.
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount | Average Rate |
Amount | Average Rate |
Amount | Average Rate |
||||||||||||
Other Borrowed Funds |
||||||||||||||||||
At December 31 |
$ | 1,625 | 3.39 | % | $ | 904 | 3.44 | % | $ | 533 | 2.13 | % | ||||||
Average During Year |
2,091 | 4.77 | 1,865 | 3.10 | 2,675 | 1.93 | ||||||||||||
Maximum Month-End Balance During Year |
2,219 | 3.84 | 1,414 | 2.52 | 2,052 | 2.98 |
44
The Company maintains its liquidity through the management of its assets and liabilities, utilizing worldwide financial markets. The diversification of liabilities reflects the Companys efforts to maintain flexibility of funding sources under changing market conditions. Stable core deposits from the Companys securities servicing businesses and private banking and asset management businesses are generated through the Companys diversified network and managed with the use of trend studies and deposit pricing. The use of derivative products such as interest rate swaps and financial futures enhances liquidity by enabling the Company to issue long-term liabilities with limited exposure to interest rate risk. Liquidity also results from the maintenance of a portfolio of assets which can be easily sold and the monitoring of unfunded loan commitments, thereby reducing unanticipated funding requirements. Liquidity is managed on both a consolidated basis and at The Bank of New York Company, Inc. parent company (Parent).
On a continuing operations basis, non-core sources of funds such as money market rate accounts, certificates of deposit greater than $100,000, federal funds purchased and other borrowings were $13.9 billion and $12.6 billion on an average basis in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Average foreign deposits, primarily from the Companys European-based securities servicing business, were $32.6 billion compared with $26.6 billion in 2005. The increase in foreign deposits reflects growth in the Companys corporate trust and custody businesses. Domestic savings and other time deposits were $1.0 billion on an average basis, flat compared to 2005. Average payables to customers and broker-dealers declined to $4.9 billion from $6.0 billion in 2005. The decline in payables to customers and broker-dealers reflects the loss of a significant customer at Pershing. Long-term debt increased on average to $8.3 billion in 2006 from $7.3 billion in 2005 partially to fund growth in assets. Noninterest-bearing deposits increased to $11.6 billion from $10.1 billion in 2005 due to organic growth in securities servicing and the acquisition of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business.
The Company has entered into several modest securitization transactions. See Securitizations in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. These transactions have not had a significant impact on the Companys liquidity or capital.
The Companys transaction with JPMorgan Chase altered the composition of the balance sheet. When the Acquired Corporate Trust Business is fully integrated in 2007, approximately $14 billion of U.S. dollar retail deposits will have been replaced with between $11 billion and $14 billion of institutional corporate trust deposits. Between $7 billion and $10 billion of deposits related to the Acquired Corporate Trust Business have not yet transitioned to the Company. These deposits will transition to the Company as regulatory approval is received to operate in certain foreign locations and as the novation process proceeds in other foreign locations. The Company expects the transition will be substantially complete by June 30, 2007. Until the transition is complete, JPMorgan Chase will pay the Company for the net economic value of these deposits. In the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company recorded $23 million of net economic value payments in noninterest income. On the asset side of the balance sheet, approximately $8 billion of retail and middle market loans sold to JPMorgan Chase have been replaced with liquid assets and securities.
The Parents cash position was $908 million and $791 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The majority of these funds were deposited with the Bank. The Companys policy is to maintain sufficient cash for the Parent to be able to satisfy its obligations for one year without the need to access the capital markets or take a dividend from the Bank.
The Parent has four major sources of liquidity: dividends from its subsidiaries, the commercial paper market, a revolving credit agreement with third party financial institutions, and access to the capital markets.
In 2007, the Bank can pay dividends of approximately $791 million to the Parent without the need for regulatory waiver. This dividend capacity will increase in the remainder of 2007 to the extent of the Banks net income less dividends. Nonbank subsidiaries of the Parent have liquid assets of approximately $267 million. These assets could be liquidated and the proceeds delivered by dividend or loan to the Parent.
45
Restrictions on the ability of the Company to obtain funds from its subsidiaries are discussed in more detail in the Company Financial Information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In 2006 and 2005, the Parents average commercial paper borrowings were $349 million and $248 million, respectively. Commercial paper outstandings were $224 million and $85 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Net of commercial paper outstanding, the Parents cash position at December 31, 2006 was down $22 million to $684 million compared with December 31, 2005.
On October 10, 2006, the Company entered into a new credit agreement of $250 million with 11 financial institutions. This line of credit matures in October 2011.
The fee on this facility depends on the Companys credit rating and is currently six basis points. The credit agreement requires the Company to maintain: shareholders equity of $5 billion; a ratio of Tier 1 capital plus the allowance for credit losses to nonperforming assets of at least 2.5; a double leverage ratio less than 1.3; and all its banks adequately capitalized for regulatory purposes. There were no borrowings under the line of credit at December 31, 2006.
The Company also has the ability to access the capital markets. Access to the capital markets is partially dependent on the Companys credit ratings, which as of January 31, 2007 were as follows:
Parent Commercial Paper |
Parent Subordinated Long-Term Debt |
Parent Senior Long-Term Debt |
The Bank of New York Long-Term Deposits |
Outlook | ||||||
Standard & Poors |
A-1 | A | A+ | AA- | Stable | |||||
Moodys |
P-1 | A1 | Aa3 | Aa2 | Stable | |||||
Fitch |
F1+ | A+ | AA- | AA | Positive | |||||
Dominion Bond Rating Service |
R-1(middle) | A(high) | AA(low) | AA | Stable |
The Parents major uses of funds are payment of dividends, principal and interest on its borrowings, acquisitions, and additional investment in its subsidiaries.
The Parent has $700 million of long-term debt that becomes due in 2007. In addition, the Parent has the option to call $341 million of subordinated debt in 2007, which it may call and refinance if market conditions are favorable. The Parent expects to refinance any debt it repays by issuing a combination of senior and subordinated debt.
The Company has $800 million of preferred trust securities that are callable in 2007. These securities qualify as Tier 1 Capital. All of the Companys preferred trust securities are swapped to floating rate. The Company has not yet decided if it will call these securities. The decision to call will be based on interest rates, the availability of cash and capital, and regulatory conditions. If the Company calls the preferred trust securities, it expects to replace them with new preferred trust securities or senior or subordinated debt. See discussion of qualification of preferred trust securities as capital in Capital Resources.
Double leverage is the ratio of investment in subsidiaries divided by the Companys consolidated equity plus preferred trust securities. The Companys double leverage ratio at December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was 102.86%, 103.91%, and 92.96%, respectively. The Companys target double leverage ratio is a maximum of 120%. The double leverage ratio is monitored by regulators and rating agencies and is an important constraint on the Companys ability to invest in its subsidiaries to expand its businesses.
Pershing LLC, an indirect subsidiary of the Company, has committed and uncommitted lines of credit in place for liquidity purposes. The committed line of credit of $500 million with five financial institutions matures in March 2007. There were no borrowings against this line of credit in 2006. Pershing LLC has three separate uncommitted lines of credit amounting to $1 billion in aggregate. In 2006, average daily borrowing under these lines was $4 million in aggregate.
46
Pershing Limited, an indirect U.K.-based subsidiary of the Company, has committed and uncommitted lines in place for liquidity purposes. The committed line of credit of $275 million with four financial institutions matures in March 2007. In 2006, the average borrowing against this line of credit was $43 million. Pershing Limited has three separate uncommitted lines of credit amounting to $300 million in aggregate. In 2006, average daily borrowing under these lines was $105 million in aggregate.
The following comments relate to the information disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The cash flows of the discontinued Retail Business are included with the cash flows of continuing operations in the individual line items of the Statement of Cash Flows. The cash flows related to the sale transaction for the Retail Business are included in Dispositions, Net of Cash Included. The cash flows related to the purchase transaction for the Acquired Corporate Trust Business are included in Acquisitions, Net of Cash Acquired.
The Company does not expect these transactions to have a significant impact on its cash flows. Deposits cash flows of the Retail Business are expected to be largely replaced by deposits cash flows of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. Cash flows previously invested in retail and middle market loans will now be reinvested in liquid assets and securities.
Earnings and other operating activities provided $3.3 billion in cash flows in 2006, compared with $1.1 billion used in 2005 and $3.4 billion provided in 2004, respectively. The cash flows from operations in 2006 were principally the results of earnings, the gain on the sale of the Retail Business, and changes in trading activities. The cash flows from operations in 2005 and 2004 were principally the result of earnings and changes in trading activities.
In 2006, cash used for investing activities was $6.4 billion as compared to $7.6 billion used for investing activities in 2005 and $2.2 billion used for investing activities in 2004. In 2006, 2005, and 2004, cash was used to increase the Companys investment in highly-rated securities and short-term liquid assets, which is part of an ongoing strategy to shift the Companys asset mix from loans. Interest-bearing deposits were a use of funds in 2006, 2005, and 2004. Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements were a use of funds in 2006 and 2004 and were a source of funds in 2005.
In 2006, cash provided by financing activities was $2.5 billion as compared to $8.1 billion provided by financing activities in 2005 and $0.8 billion used for financing activities in 2004. In 2006, 2005 and 2004, sources of funds included deposits, issuance of long-term debt and common stock. Payables to customers and broker-dealers were a significant use of funds in 2006 and 2004.
The Company has contractual obligations to make fixed and determinable payments to third parties as indicated in the table below. The table excludes certain obligations such as trade payables and trading liabilities, where the obligation is short-term or subject to valuation based on market factors.
Total | Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||
(In millions) Contractual Obligations |
Less Than 1 Year |
1-3 Years |
3-5 Years |
Over 5 Years | |||||||||||
Deposits Without a Stated Maturity |
$ | 6,665 | $ | 6,665 | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Term Deposits |
35,927 | 34,451 | 1,001 | 400 | 75 | ||||||||||
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements |
790 | 790 | | | | ||||||||||
Payables to Customers and Broker-Dealers |
7,266 | 7,266 | | | | ||||||||||
Other Borrowed Funds |
1,625 | 1,625 | | | | ||||||||||
Long-Term Debt(1) |
13,872 | 1,140 | 2,904 | 1,251 | 8,577 | ||||||||||
Operating Leases |
1,367 | 141 | 265 | 234 | 727 | ||||||||||
Capital Leases |
83 | 51 | 30 | 2 | | ||||||||||
Unfunded Pension and Post Retirement Benefits |
201 | 21 | 44 | 49 | 87 | ||||||||||
Total Contractual Cash Obligations |
$ | 67,796 | $ | 52,150 | $ | 4,244 | $ | 1,936 | $ | 9,466 | |||||
(1) | Including Interest |
47
The Company has entered into fixed and determinable commitments as indicated in the table below:
Total Amounts Committed |
Amount of Commitment Expiration Per Period | ||||||||||||||
(In millions) Other Commercial Commitments |
Less Than 1 Year |
1-3 Years |
3-5 Years |
Over 5 Years | |||||||||||
Lending Commitments |
$ | 37,364 | $ | 11,939 | $ | 2,072 | $ | 5,622 | $ | 17,731 | |||||
Standby Letters of Credit |
10,902 | 7,240 | 1,343 | 2,115 | 204 | ||||||||||
Commercial Letters of Credit |
1,195 | 1,150 | 35 | 10 | | ||||||||||
Securities Lending Indemnifications |
398,675 | 398,675 | | | | ||||||||||
Contingent Acquisitions Payments |
158 | 30 | 98 | 30 | | ||||||||||
Investment Commitments(1) |
228 | 32 | 10 | 62 | 124 | ||||||||||
Purchase Obligations |
183 | 36 | 71 | 26 | 50 | ||||||||||
Total Commitments |
$ | 448,705 | $ | 419,102 | $ | 3,629 | $ | 7,865 | $ | 18,109 | |||||
(1) | Includes venture capital, community reinvestment act, and other investment-related commitments. Commitments to venture capital limited partnerships may extend beyond expiration period shown to cover certain follow-on investments, claims and liabilities, and organizational and partnership expenses. |
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
Off-balance sheet arrangements required by regulation to be discussed in this section are limited to guarantees, retained or contingent interests, certain derivative instruments related to the Companys common stock, and obligations arising out of unconsolidated variable interest entities. For the Company, these items include certain credit guarantees and securitizations. Guarantees include lending-related guarantees issued as part of the Companys corporate banking business and securities lending indemnifications issued as part of the Companys servicing and fiduciary businesses.
The Company has issued guarantees as indicated in the table below:
(In millions) Guarantees |
Notional | Typical Revenue Based on Notional (Basis Points) | |||
Corporate Banking Standby Letters of Credit |
$ | 10,902 | 5 - 135 | ||
Commercial Letters of Credit |
1,195 | 10 - 75 | |||
Securities Lending Indemnifications |
398,675 | 4 - 6 |
The Company expects many of these guarantees to expire without the need to advance any cash. The revenue associated with guarantees frequently depends on the credit rating of the obligor and the structure of the transaction including collateral, if any. Advances under securities lending indemnifications would be secured by collateral.
The Company provides services to two qualifying special-purpose entities (QSPEs) as of December 31, 2006. All of the Companys securitizations are QSPEs as defined by SFAS No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities, which by design are passive investment vehicles, and are therefore not consolidated by the Company. See Securitizations in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Shareholders equity was $11,593 million at December 31, 2006, compared with $9,876 million at December 31, 2005, and $9,290 million at December 31, 2004. During 2006, the Company retained $2,355 million
48
of earnings primarily reflecting the gain on the sale of the Retail Business as well as operating earnings. The Company repurchased 25.0 million shares during 2006 at a cost of $883 million. Accumulated other comprehensive income declined $183 million reflecting the change in pension accounting partially offset by the increase in the fair value of securities available-for-sale.
Certain accounting charges in the first quarter of 2007 are expected to reduce the Companys TCE ratio to a range between 4.40% and 4.90%. The announced merger with Mellon will reduce the Companys TCE ratio to approximately 4.2% at September 30, 2007. The Company expects its TCE ratio to return to its target level of 5% in 2008.
In a non-taxable business combination, such as the Companys planned merger with Mellon, deferred tax liabilities are recorded in relation to identifiable intangible assets. The recording of this deferred tax liability results in an increase in goodwill equal to the amount of the liability. Bank regulators and some rating agencies and analysts adjust equity upward for the amount of this deferred tax liability since it is a liability only for accounting purposes and will never require a cash settlement. If this adjustment were made, the Companys expected capital ratios at September 30, 2007 would be over 100 basis points higher.
The TCE ratio varies depending on the size of the balance sheet at quarter-end and the impact of interest rates on unrealized gains and losses among other factors. The balance sheet size fluctuates from quarter to quarter based on levels of customer and market activity. In general, when servicing clients are more actively trading securities, deposit balances and the balance sheet as a whole, are higher to finance these activities. For quarter-ends in 2007, the size of the balance sheet will also depend on the novation of deposits and the receipt of approval to open new subsidiaries related to the Acquired Corporate Trust Business.
In 2006, the Company issued $326 million of callable medium-term subordinated notes bearing interest at rates from 5.50% to 6.40%. The notes are due in 2021, 2022, 2031 and 2032, and are callable by the Company after three to five years. The notes qualify as Tier 2 capital.
In 2006, the Company also issued $650 million of senior debt. This was composed of an issuance of $400 million bearing interest at a floating rate of 3-month LIBOR less 2.5 basis points in June 2006 and an issuance of $250 million bearing interest at 5.125% in October 2006.
On February 27, 2006, the Company entered into a lease transaction recorded as long-term debt of $527 million bearing interest at a fixed Euro rate of 3.1% per annum and amortizing on a quarterly basis through 2031, unless terminated earlier.
During 2006, the Company did not call any debt and $525 million of debt matured.
As a result of the above in 2006, long-term debt increased to $8,773 million from $7,817 million.
The Company raised its common stock dividend to 22 cents per quarter in July 2006. In January 2007, the Company declared a quarterly common stock dividend of 22 cents per share.
The Parent also has the ability to access the capital markets. On June 5, 2006, the Company filed a new S-3 automatic shelf registration statement with the SEC covering its existing debt, preferred stock, trust preferred securities, and common stock.
In 2005, the Company retained $927 million of earnings. In 2005, the Company issued $500 million of noncallable subordinated notes and $285 million of callable medium-term subordinated notes qualifying as Tier 2 capital, as well as $1,000 million of senior debt. During 2005, the Company called $94 million of higher rate debt and $110 million of debt matured. Long-term debt increased to $7,817 million reflecting the transfer of Pershing from the Bank to the Parent.
49
In 2004, the Company retained $832 million of earnings. In 2004, the Company issued $206 million of callable medium-term subordinated notes qualifying as Tier 2 capital, as well as $305 million of senior debt. During 2004, the Company called $175 million of higher rate debt and $300 million of debt matured. Long-term debt was flat at $6,121 million.
Regulators establish certain levels of capital for bank holding companies and banks, including the Company and the Bank, in accordance with established quantitative measurements. For the Parent to maintain its status as a financial holding company, the Bank must, among other things, qualify as well capitalized. In addition, major bank holding companies such as the Parent are expected by the regulators to be well capitalized. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company and the Bank were considered well capitalized on the basis of the ratios (defined by regulation) of Total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and leverage (Tier 1 capital to average assets), which are shown as follows:
December 31, 2006 | December 31, 2005 | Company Targets |
Well Capitalized Guidelines |
Adequately Capitalized Guidelines |
|||||||||||||||||
Company | Bank | Company | Bank | ||||||||||||||||||
Tier 1(1) |
8.19 | % | 8.66 | % | 8.38 | % | 8.88 | % | 7.75 | % | 6 | % | 4 | % | |||||||
Total Capital(2) |
12.49 | 11.50 | 12.48 | 11.84 | 11.75 | 10 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
Leverage |
6.67 | 7.06 | 6.60 | 7.05 | 5 | 3-5 | |||||||||||||||
Tangible Common Equity (TCE) |
5.13 | 6.10 | 5.57 | 6.61 | 5.00 | N.A. | N.A. |
(1) | Tier 1 capital consists, generally, of common equity, preferred trust securities (subject to limitations in 2009), and certain qualifying preferred stock, less goodwill and most other intangibles. |
(2) | Total Capital consists of Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital. Tier 2 capital consists, generally, of certain qualifying preferred stock and subordinated debt and a portion of the loan loss allowance. |
If a bank holding company or bank fails to qualify as adequately capitalized, regulatory sanctions and limitations are imposed.
At December 31, 2006, the amounts of capital by which the Company and the Bank exceed the well capitalized guidelines are as follows:
(In millions) |
Company | Bank | ||||
Tier 1 Capital |
$ | 1,696 | $ | 1,755 | ||
Total Capital |
1,932 | 990 | ||||
Leverage |
1,589 | 1,669 |
The Company has $1,150 million of trust preferred securities outstanding. On March 1, 2005, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the FRB) adopted a final rule that allows the continued limited inclusion of trust preferred securities in the Tier 1 capital of bank holding companies (BHCs). Under the final rule, the Company will be subject to a 15 percent limit in the amount of trust preferred securities that can be included in Tier 1 capital, net of goodwill, less any deferred tax liability. Amounts in excess of these limits will continue to be included in Tier 2 capital. The final rule provides a five-year transition period, ending March 31, 2009, for application of quantitative limits. Under the transition rules, the Company expects all its trust preferred securities to continue to qualify as Tier 1 capital. Both the Company and the Bank are expected to remain well capitalized under the final rule. At the end of the transition period, the Company expects all its current trust preferred securities will continue to qualify as Tier 1 capital.
In 2006, the Company bought back 25.0 million shares of its common stock of which 12.1 million shares were related to the BNY ConvergEx transaction. The Company has 8.1 million shares authorized for repurchase at December 31, 2006.
In 2007, the Company expects buyback activity will be limited to 1-2 million shares related to employee benefit plans.
50
The following table presents the components of the Companys risk-based capital at December 31, 2006 and 2005:
(In millions) |
2006(1) | 2005(1) | ||||||
Shareholders Equity |
$ | 11,593 | $ | 9,876 | ||||
Trust Preferred Securities |
1,150 | 1,150 | ||||||
Adjustments: Goodwill and Intangibles |
(6,622 | ) | (4,426 | ) | ||||
Pensions |
264 | | ||||||
Securities Valuation Allowance |
(13 | ) | 51 | |||||
Merchant Banking Investments |
(22 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Tier 1 Capital |
6,350 | 6,643 | ||||||
Qualifying Subordinated Debt |
2,903 | 2,690 | ||||||
Qualifying Allowance for Loan Losses |
437 | 565 | ||||||
Tier 2 Capital |
3,340 | 3,255 | ||||||
Total Risk-Based Capital |
$ | 9,690 | $ | 9,898 | ||||
(1) | On a regulatory basis. |
The following table presents the components of the Companys total risk-adjusted assets at December 31, 2006 and 2005:
2006(1) | 2005(1) | ||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
Balance sheet/ notional amount |
Risk adjusted balance |
Balance sheet/ notional amount |
Risk adjusted balance |
|||||||||||
Assets |
|||||||||||||||
Cash, Due From Banks and Interest-Bearing Deposits in Banks |
$ | 16,012 | $ | 3,179 | $ | 12,159 | $ | 2,121 | |||||||
Securities |
21,106 | 5,385 | 27,326 | 6,555 | |||||||||||
Trading Assets |
5,544 | | 5,930 | | |||||||||||
Fed Funds Sold and Securities Purchased |
5,114 | 801 | 2,425 | 169 | |||||||||||
Loans |
37,793 | 30,224 | 40,726 | 33,748 | |||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses |
(287 | ) | | (411 | ) | | |||||||||
Other Assets |
18,088 | 10,755 | 13,919 | 10,455 | |||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 103,370 | 50,344 | $ | 102,074 | 53,048 | |||||||||
Off-Balance Sheet Exposures |
|||||||||||||||
Commitments to Extend Credit |
$ | 37,448 | $ | 12,182 | $ | 37,005 | $ | 12,979 | |||||||
Securities Lending |
398,675 | 1,073 | 310,970 | 222 | |||||||||||
Standby Letters of Credit and Other Guarantees |
14,695 | 11,284 | 13,703 | 10,762 | |||||||||||
Interest Rate Contracts |
766,653 | 1,457 | 695,874 | 1,271 | |||||||||||
Foreign Exchange Contracts |
116,980 | 734 | 94,535 | 575 | |||||||||||
Total Off-Balance Sheet Exposures |
$ | 1,334,451 | 26,730 | $ | 1,152,087 | 25,809 | |||||||||
Market Risk Equivalent Assets |
493 | 426 | |||||||||||||
Allocated Transfer Risk Reserve |
| (1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total Risk-Adjusted Assets |
$ | 77,567 | $ | 79,282 | |||||||||||
(1) | On a regulatory basis. |
51
The U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies risk capital guidelines are based upon the 1988 Capital Accord of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the Basel Committee). The Basel Committee is a committee of central banks and bank supervisors of the major industrialized countries that develop broad policy guidelines with respect to bank supervisory policies. The Basel Committee issued, in June 2004, and updated in November 2005 a revised framework for capital adequacy commonly known as the New Accord (New Accord) or Basel II (Basel II) that would set capital requirements for operational risk and refine the existing capital requirements for credit risk. Operational risk would be defined as the risk of direct or indirect loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external events. Capital measurement for credit risk under the revised framework would differentiate capital levels based upon the risk characteristics of the underlying exposures. The Basel Committee proposal outlines several alternatives for capital assessment of credit and operational risks. The Basel Committee requires two years of impact analysis and parallel testing for banks adopting the advanced approaches under the New Accord, with implementation extended until year-end 2007.
U.S. and International Implementation of Basel II
In the United States, U.S. regulators are mandating the adoption of the New Accord by banks, such as the Bank, which are considered internationally active or critical to the U.S. payments system. The only approach available to these mandated banks under the New Accord is the Advanced Internal Ratings Based (AIRB) approach for credit risk and the Advanced Measurement Approach (AMA) for operational risk.
In September 2006, the agencies issued a notice of proposed rulemaking setting forth a definitive proposal for implementing Basel II in the United States that would apply only to internationally active banking organizationsdefined as those with consolidated total assets of $250 billion or more or consolidated on-balance sheet foreign exposures of $10 billion or morebut that other U.S. banking organizations could elect but would not be required to apply. In December 2006, the agencies issued a notice of proposed rulemaking describing proposed amendments to their existing risk-based capital guidelines to make them more risk-sensitive, generally following aspects of the standardized approach of Basel II. These latter proposed amendments, often referred to as Basel I-A, would apply to banking organizations that are not internationally active banking organizations subject to the AIRB approach for internationally active banking organizations and do not opt in to that approach. The agencies previously had issued advance notices of proposed rulemaking on both proposals (in August 2003 regarding the AIRB approach of Basel II for internationally active banking organizations and in October 2005 regarding Basel II).
The comment periods for both of the agencies notices of proposed rulemakings expire on March 26, 2007. The agencies have indicated their intent to have the AIRB provisions for internationally active U.S. banking organizations first become effective in March 2009 and that those provisions and the Basel I-A provisions for others will be implemented on similar timeframes.
Both the terms and timing of U.S. implementation of Basel II are the subject of considerable debate among both the bank regulators and Congress. Accordingly, it is not possible to predict the timing or ultimate terms of implementation of Basel II. In the U.S., the Company is preparing to implement Basel II, AIRB and AMA approaches in 2008. The Company maintains an active dialogue with U.S. regulators to facilitate a smooth transition during the Basel II qualification process.
Additionally, the Bank has been coordinating with international regulatory agencies responsible for supervising the implementation of Basel II at foreign subsidiaries. Jurisdictions outside of the United States are implementing the New Accord, with a parallel run of Basel I and Basel II capital calculations in 2007. The Bank plans to implement the Basel II Standardized Approach (not currently allowed in the U.S.) at all of its overseas subsidiaries in 2008.
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Basel II Impact on the Company
The Company has participated in four quantitative impact studies with banking regulators to assess the impact of the New Accord. Based on the results of the Fourth Quantitative Impact Study, the Company believes that the New Accord, as currently envisioned, like the current capital requirements under Basel I, will not constrain its current business practices and will result in a reduction of risk-weighted assets, thereby enhancing its regulatory capital ratios.
The major risks to which the Company is exposed are credit, market (primarily interest rate and foreign exchange) and operational risk. Risk management and oversight begins with the Board of Directors and two key Board committees: the Audit and Examining Committee and the Risk Committee.
The Risk Committee meets on a regular basis to review the Companys risks, policies, and risk management activities. The delegation of policy formulation and day-to-day oversight is to the Companys Chief Risk Policy Officer, who, together with the Chief Auditor and Chief Compliance Officer helps ensure an effective risk management structure.
The Audit & Examining Committee of the Board of Directors (the A&E Committee) is comprised of independent directors, all of whom have been determined by the Board to have financial expertise, as defined under SEC regulations. The A&E Committee meets on a regular basis to perform, among other things, an oversight review of the integrity of the Companys financial statements and financial reporting process, compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, the independent public accountants qualifications and independence, and the performance of the independent public accountant and the Companys internal audit function. The A&E Committee also reviews managements assessment of the adequacy of internal controls. The functions of the A&E Committee are described in more detail in its charter, a copy of which is available on the Companys website, www.bankofny.com.
The Companys risk management framework is designed to:
| Provide that risks are identified, monitored, reported, and priced properly; |
| Define and communicate the types and amount of risks to take; |
| Communicate to the appropriate level within the Company the type and amount of risk taken; |
| Maintain a risk management organization that is independent of the risk taking activities; and |
| Promote a strong risk management culture that encourages a focus on risk-adjusted performance. |
Credit Risk Management
Credit risk is the possible loss the Company would suffer if any of its borrowers or other counterparties were to default on their obligations to the Company. Credit risk arises primarily from lending, trading, and securities servicing activities. To balance the value of its activities with the credit risk incurred in pursuing them, the Company sets and monitors internal credit limits for activities that entail credit risk, most often on the size of the exposure and the maximum maturity of credit extended. For credit exposures, driven by changing market rates and prices, exposure measures include an add-on for such potential changes.
The Company manages credit risk at both the individual exposure level as well as at the portfolio level. Credit risk at the individual exposure level is managed through the Companys credit approval system of Divisional Portfolio Managers (DPMs) and Senior Credit Officers (SCOs). The DPMs and SCOs are responsible for approving the size, terms and maturity of all credit exposures as well as the ongoing monitoring of the exposures. In addition, they are responsible for assigning and maintaining the risk ratings on each exposure. The Credit Risk Review area regularly examines the credit portfolio to determine compliance with approval policies.
53
Credit risk at the portfolio level is managed by the Portfolio Management Division (PMD). The PMD is responsible for calculating two fundamental credit measures. First, the Company projects a statistically expected credit loss, used to help determine the appropriate loan loss reserve and to measure customer profitability. Expected loss considers three basic components: the estimated size of the exposure whenever default might occur, the probability of default before maturity, and the severity of the loss the Company would incur, commonly called loss given default. For corporate banking, where most of the Companys credit risk is created, unfunded commitments are assigned a usage given default percentage. Borrowers/Counterparties are assigned ratings by DPMs and SCOs on an 18-grade scale, which translates to a scaled probability of default. Additionally, transactions are assigned loss-given-default ratings (on a 12-grade scale) that reflect the transactions structure including the effects of guarantees, collateral, and relative seniority of position.
The second fundamental measurement of credit risk calculated by the PMD is called economic capital. The Companys economic capital model estimates the capital required to support the overall credit risk portfolio. Using a Monte Carlo simulation engine and measures of correlation among borrower defaults, the economic model examines extreme and highly unlikely scenarios of portfolio credit loss in order to estimate credit related capital, and then allocates that capital to individual borrowers and exposures. Credit related capital calculation supports a second tier of policy standards and limits by serving as an input to both profitability analysis and concentration limits of capital at risk with any one borrower, country or industry.
The PMD is responsible for the calculation methodologies and the estimates of the inputs used in those methodologies for the determination of expected loss and economic capital. These methodologies and input estimates are regularly evaluated to insure their appropriateness and accuracy. As new techniques and data become available, the PMD attempts to incorporate, where appropriate, those techniques or data.
Credit risk is intrinsic to much of the banking business and necessary to its smooth functioning. However, the Company seeks to limit both on and off-balance sheet credit risk through prudent underwriting and the use of capital only where risk-adjusted returns warrant. The Company seeks to manage risk and improve its portfolio diversification through syndications, asset sales, credit enhancements, credit derivatives, and active collateralization and netting agreements. In addition, the Company has a separate Credit Risk Review group, which is part of Internal Audit, made up of experienced loan review officers who perform timely reviews of the loan files and credit ratings assigned to the loans.
Market risk is the risk of loss due to adverse changes in the financial markets. Market risk arises from derivative financial instruments, such as futures, forwards, swaps and options, and other financial instruments, including loans, securities, deposits, and other borrowings. The Companys market risks are primarily interest rate and foreign exchange risk and, to a lesser extent, equity and credit risk. See also the risks discussed under Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors.
The Companys market risk governance structure includes two committees comprised of senior executives who review market risk activities, risk measurement methodologies, and risk limits; approve new products; and provide direction for the Companys market risk profile. The Asset/Liability Management Committee oversees the market risk management process for interest rate risk related to asset/liability management activities. The Market Risk Committee oversees the market risk management process for trading activities, including foreign exchange risk. Both committees are supported by a comprehensive risk management process that is designed to help identify, measure, and manage market risk, as discussed under Trading Activities and Risk Management and Asset/Liability Management below and in Fair Value of Financial Instruments in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
54
Trading Activities and Risk Management
The Companys trading activities are focused on acting as a market maker for the Companys customers. The risk from these market making activities and from the Companys own positions is managed by the Companys traders and limited in total exposure as described below.
The Company manages trading risk through a system of position limits, a value at risk (VAR) methodology based on a Monte Carlo simulation, stop loss advisory triggers, and other market sensitivity measures. Risk is monitored and reported to senior management by a separate unit on a daily basis. Based on certain assumptions, the VAR methodology is designed to capture the potential overnight pre-tax dollar loss from adverse changes in fair values of all trading positions. The calculation assumes a one-day holding period for most instruments, utilizes a 99% confidence level, and incorporates the non-linear characteristics of options. The VAR model is used to calculate economic capital which is allocated to the business units for computing risk-adjusted performance.
As VAR methodology does not evaluate risk attributable to extraordinary financial, economic or other occurrences, the risk assessment process includes a number of stress scenarios based upon the risk factors in the portfolio and managements assessment of market conditions. Additional stress scenarios based upon historic market events are also tested. Stress tests by their design incorporate the impact of reduced liquidity and the breakdown of observed correlations. The results of these stress tests are reviewed weekly with senior management.
The following table indicates the calculated VAR amounts for the trading portfolio for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
(In millions) Market Risk |
2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Minimum | Maximum | 12/31/06 | Average | Minimum | Maximum | 12/31/05 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate |
$ | 2.9 | $ | 1.8 | $ | 7.6 | $ | 3.1 | $ | 2.7 | $ | 1.8 | $ | 4.6 | $ | 2.8 | ||||||||||||
Foreign Exchange |
1.1 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 4.1 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Equity |
1.1 | 0.5 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Derivatives |
0.9 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 2.1 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Diversification |
(1.6 | ) | NM | NM | (2.1 | ) | (1.2 | ) | NM | NM | (1.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Overall Portfolio |
4.4 | 3.0 | 6.8 | 4.1 | 5.0 | 3.1 | 9.1 | 4.3 |
NM | Because the minimum and maximum may occur on different days for different risk components, it is not meaningful to compute a portfolio diversification effect. |
During the year 2006, interest rate risk generated 44% of average VAR, credit derivatives generated 18% of average VAR, foreign exchange accounted for 18% of average VAR, and equity generated 20% of average VAR. During 2006, the Companys daily trading loss did not exceed the Companys calculated VAR amount on any given day.
Asset/Liability Management
The Companys asset/liability management activities include lending, investing in securities, accepting deposits, raising money as needed to fund assets, and servicing and other transactions. The market risks that arise from these activities are interest rate risk and, to a lesser degree, foreign exchange risk. The Companys primary market risk is exposure to movements in U.S. dollar interest rates. Exposure to movements in foreign currency interest rates also exists but to a significantly lower degree. The Company actively manages interest rate sensitivity. In addition to gap analysis, the Company uses earnings simulation and discounted cash flow models to identify interest rate exposures.
55
An earnings simulation model is the primary tool used to assess changes in pre-tax net interest income. The model incorporates managements assumptions regarding interest rates, balance changes on core deposits, changes in the prepayment behavior of loans and securities, and the impact of derivative financial instruments used for interest rate risk management purposes. These assumptions have been developed through a combination of historical analysis and future expected pricing behavior. These assumptions are inherently uncertain, and, as a result, the earnings simulation model cannot precisely estimate net interest income or the impact of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income. Actual results may differ from projected results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes and changes in market conditions and managements strategies, among other factors.
The Company evaluates the effect on earnings by running various interest rate ramp scenarios up and down from a baseline scenario, which assumes no changes in interest rates. These scenarios are reviewed to examine the impact of large interest rate movements. Interest rate sensitivity is quantified by calculating the change in pre-tax net interest income between the scenarios over a 12-month measurement period. The measurement of interest rate sensitivity is the percentage change in net interest income as shown in the following table:
Estimated Changes in Net Interest Income Pro Forma December 31, 2006 |
|||||||
(In millions) | % | ||||||
+200 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
$ | 4 | 0.2 | % | |||
+100 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
17 | 0.9 | |||||
-100 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
(13 | ) | (0.7 | ) | |||
-200 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
(35 | ) | (1.9 | ) |
The pro forma data in the above table reflects the swap with JPMorgan Chase as if the transaction was fully integrated into the Company on December 31, 2006. The Companys swap with JPMorgan Chase would have resulted in a more liability-sensitive balance sheet because corporate trust liabilities reprice more quickly than retail deposits. However, among other actions, the Company restructured its investment portfolio to readjust its interest rate sensitivity.
The above results do not reflect strategies that management could employ to limit the impact as interest rate expectations change.
The baseline scenarios Fed Funds rate in the December 31, 2006 analysis was 5.25%. The 100 basis point ramp scenario assumes short-term rates change 25 basis points in each of the next four quarters, while the 200 ramp scenario assumes a 50 basis point per quarter change. The +100 basis point December 31, 2006 scenario assumes a steepening of the yield curve with 10-year rates rising 174 basis points. The +200 basis point December 31, 2006 scenario assumes a steepening of the yield curve with 10-year rates rising 229 basis points.
The above table relies on certain critical assumptions including depositors behavior related to interest rate fluctuations and the prepayment and extension risk in certain of the Companys assets. To the extent that actual behavior is different from that assumed in the models, there could be a change in interest rate sensitivity.
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The Company also projects future cash flows from its assets and liabilities over a long-term horizon and then discounts these cash flows using the same assumptions noted above. The aggregation of these discounted cash flows is the Economic Value of Equity (EVE). The following table shows how the EVE would change in response to changes in interest rates:
Rate Change |
Estimated Change in EVE Pro Forma December 31, 2006 (In millions) |
|||
+200 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
$ | (57 | ) | |
+100 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
148 | |||
-100 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
(42 | ) | ||
-200 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
(241 | ) |
The pro forma data in the above table reflects the swap with JPMorgan Chase as if the transaction was fully integrated into the Company on December 31, 2006. The above results do not reflect strategies that management could employ to limit the impact as interest rate expectations change.
The asymmetrical accounting treatment of the impact of a change in interest rates on the Companys balance sheet may create a situation in which an increase in interest rates can adversely affect reported equity and regulatory capital, even though economically there may be no impact on the economic capital position of the Company. For example, an increase in rates will result in a decline in the value of the Companys fixed income investment portfolio, which will be reflected through a reduction in other comprehensive income in the Companys shareholders equity, thereby affecting the TCE ratio. Under current accounting rules, there is no corresponding change on the Companys fixed liabilities, even though economically these liabilities are more valuable as rates rise.
The Company projects the impact of this change using the same interest rate ramp up assumptions described earlier and comparing the projected mark-to-market on the investment securities portfolio at December 31, 2006, under the higher rate environments versus a stable rate scenario. The table below shows the impact of a change in interest rates on the TCE ratio:
Rate Change |
Estimated Change in TCE ratio December 31, 2006 (In basis points) |
||
+200 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
(35 | ) | |
+100 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
(16 | ) | |
-100 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
9 | ||
-200 basis point Ramp vs. Stable Rate |
14 |
These results do not reflect strategies that management could employ to limit the impact as interest rate expectations change.
To manage foreign exchange risk, the Company funds foreign currency-denominated assets with liability instruments denominated in the same currency. The Company utilizes various foreign exchange contracts if a liability denominated in the same currency is not available or desired, and to minimize the earnings impact of translation gains or losses created by investments in overseas markets. The foreign exchange risk related to the interest rate spread on foreign currency-denominated asset/liability positions is managed as part of the Companys trading activities. The Company uses forward foreign exchange contracts to protect the value of its net investment in foreign operations. At December 31, 2006, net investments in foreign operations totaled approximately $1,871 million and were spread across 12 foreign currencies.
57
Operational Risk
Overview
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, human factors and systems, or from external events.
In providing a comprehensive array of products and services, the Company is exposed to operational risk. Operational risk may result from, but is not limited to, errors related to transaction processing, breaches of the internal control system and compliance requirements, fraud by employees or persons outside the corporation or business interruption due to system failures or other events. Operational risk also includes potential legal or regulatory actions that could arise as a result of noncompliance with applicable laws and/or regulatory requirements. In the case of an operational event, the Company could suffer a financial loss as well as damage to its reputation.
To address these risks, the Company maintains comprehensive policies and procedures and an internal control framework designed to provide a sound operational environment. These controls have been designed to manage operational risk at appropriate levels given the Companys financial strength, the business environment and markets in which it operates, the nature of its businesses, and considering factors such as competition and regulation. The Companys internal auditors monitor and test the overall effectiveness of the internal control and financial reporting systems on an ongoing basis.
The Company has also established procedures that are designed to ensure that policies relating to conduct, ethics and business practices are followed on a uniform basis. Among the procedures designed to ensure effectiveness are the Companys Code of Conduct, Know Your Customer, and compliance training programs.
Operational Risk Management
The Company has established operational risk management as an independent risk discipline. The Operational Risk Management (ORM) Group reports to the Chief Risk Officer. The organizational framework for operational risk is based upon a strong risk culture that incorporates both governance and risk management activities comprising:
| Board Oversight and GovernanceThe Company has established a Risk Committee of the Board that approves and oversees the Companys operational risk management strategy in addition to credit and market risk. The Committee meets regularly to review and approve operational risk management initiatives, discuss key risk issues, and review the effectiveness of the risk management systems. |
| Business Line AccountabilityBusiness managers are responsible for maintaining an effective system of internal controls commensurate with their risk profiles and in accordance with Company policies and procedures. |
| ORM GroupThe ORM Group is responsible for developing risk management policies and tools for assessing, monitoring, and measuring operational risk for the Company. The primary objectives of the ORM group are to promote effective risk management, create incentives for generating continuous improvement in controls, and to optimize capital. |
Global Compliance
The Companys global compliance function provides leadership, guidance, and oversight to help business units identify applicable laws and regulations and implement effective measures to meet the specific requirements. Compliance takes a proactive approach by anticipating evolving regulatory standards and remaining aware of industry best practices, legislative initiatives, competitive issues, and public expectations and perceptions. The function uses its global reach to disseminate information about compliance-related matters throughout the
58
Company. The Chief Compliance Officer reports to the Chief Administrative Officer, is a member of all critical Corporate committees, and provides routine updates to the Audit and Examining Committee of the Board.
Internal Audit
The Companys internal audit function reports directly to the Audit & Examining Committee of the Companys Board of Directors. Internal Audit utilizes a risk-based approach to its audit approach covering the risks in the operational, compliance, regulatory, technology, fraud, processing and other key risks areas of the Company. Internal Audit has unrestricted access to the Company and regularly participates in all key committees of the Company.
Business Continuity
The Company is prepared for events that could damage the Companys physical facilities, cause delay or disruptions to operational functions, including telecommunications networks, or impair the Companys clients, vendors, and counterparties. Key elements of the Companys business continuity strategies are extensive planning and testing, and diversity of business operations, data centers and telecommunications infrastructure.
The Company has established multiple geographically diverse locations for its funds transfer and broker-dealer services operational units, which provide redundant functionality to assure uninterrupted operations.
The Companys securities clearing, mutual fund accounting and custody, securities lending, master trust, UIT, corporate trust, stock transfer, and treasury units have common functionality in multiple sites designed to facilitate continuance of operations or rapid recovery. In addition, in the U.S., the Company has recovery positions outside Manhattan for over 5,000 employees.
The Company continues to enhance geographic diversity for business operations by moving additional personnel to growth centers outside of existing major urban centers.
The Company replicates 100% of its critical production computer data to its recovery data center, which is at a distance of well over 500 miles from its primary data center.
The Bank has an active telecommunications diversity program. All major buildings and data centers have diverse telecommunications carriers. The data centers have multiple fiber optic rings and have been designed so that there is no single point of failure. All major buildings have been designed with diverse telecommunications access and connect to at least two geographically dispersed connection points. The Company has an active program to audit circuits for route diversity and to test customer back-up connections.
In 2003, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the Securities and Exchange Commission jointly published the Interagency Paper, Sound Practices to Strengthen the Resilience of the U.S. Financial System (Sound Practices Paper). The purpose of the document was to define the guidelines for the financial services industry and other interested parties regarding best practices related to business continuity planning. Under these guidelines the Company is a key clearing and settlement organization required to meet a higher standard for business continuity.
The Company believes it has substantially met all of the requirements of the Sound Practices Paper. As a core clearing and settlement organization, the Company believes that it is at the forefront of the industry in improving business continuity practices. Acceleration of the implementation of the Companys plan resulted in overlap costs of $26 million which will phase out in 2007.
The Company is committed to ensuring that requirements for business continuity are met not just within its own facilities, but also within those of vendors and service providers whose operation is critical to the
59
Companys safety and soundness. To that end, the Company has a service provider management office whose function is to ensure that new and existing service providers and vendors meet the Companys standards for business continuity, as well as for information security, financial stability, personnel practices, etc.
The Company has developed a comprehensive plan to prepare for the possibility of a flu pandemic, which anticipates significant reduced staffing levels and will provide for increased remote working by staff for one or more periods lasting several weeks.
Although the Company is committed to observing best practices as well as meeting regulatory requirements, geopolitical uncertainties and other external factors will continue to create risk that cannot always be identified and anticipated.
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Average Balances and Rates on a Tax Equivalent Basis (Continuing Operations)
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | Average Balance |
Interest | Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Interest | Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Interest | Average Rate |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Bearing Deposits in Banks |
$ | 13,327 | $ | 538 | 4.04 | % | $ | 8,996 | $ | 274 | 3.04 | % | $ | 11,675 | $ | 305 | 2.62 | % | |||||||||||||||
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Resale Agreements |
2,791 | 130 | 4.67 | 2,399 | 70 | 2.90 | 3,645 | 44 | 1.22 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Margin Loans |
5,372 | 330 | 6.15 | 6,403 | 267 | 4.17 | 6,342 | 156 | 2.46 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Margin Loans |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer |
2,985 | 168 | 5.64 | 1,740 | 91 | 5.25 | 1,558 | 79 | 5.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial |
14,955 | 707 | 4.72 | 14,631 | 558 | 3.81 | 14,352 | 399 | 2.78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
10,300 | 574 | 5.57 | 9,295 | 396 | 4.25 | 8,375 | 244 | 2.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Margin Loans |
28,240 | 1,449 | (1) | 5.13 | 25,666 | 1,045 | (1) | 4.07 | 24,285 | 722 | (1) | 2.97 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Securities |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
190 | 8 | 4.32 | 273 | 9 | 3.43 | 415 | 11 | 2.58 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
3,565 | 169 | 4.73 | 3,766 | 153 | 4.05 | 3,853 | 128 | 3.33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations of States and |
105 | 9 | 8.34 | 141 | 12 | 8.39 | 194 | 17 | 8.87 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Securities |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
15,702 | 850 | 5.42 | 14,640 | 630 | 4.30 | 12,228 | 419 | 3.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
2,746 | 114 | 4.15 | 1,882 | 83 | 4.44 | 1,354 | 59 | 4.36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Other Securities |
18,448 | 964 | 5.23 | 16,522 | 713 | 4.32 | 13,582 | 478 | 3.53 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trading Securities |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
660 | 30 | 4.56 | 593 | 22 | 3.77 | 584 | 16 | 2.72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
2,908 | 135 | 4.64 | 2,956 | 131 | 4.45 | 1,510 | 36 | 2.41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Trading Securities |
3,568 | 165 | 4.63 | 3,549 | 153 | 4.34 | 2,094 | 52 | 2.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Securities |
25,876 | 1,315 | 5.09 | 24,251 | 1,040 | 4.29 | 20,138 | 686 | 3.41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Interest-Earning Assets |
75,606 | $ | 3,762 | 4.98 | % | 67,715 | $ | 2,696 | 3.98 | % | 66,085 | $ | 1,913 | 2.90 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for Credit Losses |
(340 | ) | (474 | ) | (521 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and Due from Banks |
2,910 | 2,772 | 2,535 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Assets |
18,302 | 16,306 | 15,553 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets of Discontinued Operations Held for Sale |
10,364 | 15,116 | 15,688 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 106,842 | $ | 101,435 | $ | 99,340 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets Attributable to Foreign Offices(2) |
33.19 | % | 29.51 | % | 29.92 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax equivalent adjustments were $22 million in 2006, $27 million in 2005, and $26 million in 2004, and are based on the federal statutory tax rate (35%) and applicable state and local taxes.
(1) | Includes fees of $42 million in 2006, $66 million in 2005, and $88 million in 2004. Nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan balance; the associated income, recognized on the cash basis, is included in interest. |
(2) | Includes Cayman Islands branch office. |
61
Average Balances and Rates on a Tax Equivalent Basis (Continuing Operations)
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | Average Balance |
Interest | Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Interest | Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Interest | Average Rate |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Bearing Deposits |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money Market Rate Accounts |
$ | 5,465 | $ | 145 | 2.66 | % | $ | 6,320 | $ | 109 | 1.73 | % | $ | 5,953 | $ | 48 | 0.81 | % | ||||||||||||
Savings |
452 | 6 | 1.36 | 597 | 5 | 0.87 | 769 | 5 | 0.65 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of Deposit of |
4,114 | 210 | 5.12 | 3,155 | 107 | 3.40 | 3,691 | 55 | 1.49 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other Time Deposits |
551 | 26 | 4.70 | 437 | 16 | 3.38 | 136 | 3 | 1.92 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Domestic Offices |
10,582 | 387 | 3.66 | 10,509 | 237 | 2.25 | 10,549 | 111 | 1.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banks in Foreign Countries |
6,764 | 243 | 3.59 | 6,050 | 129 | 2.13 | 5,705 | 60 | 1.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Government & Official Institutions |
705 | 25 | 3.50 | 581 | 14 | 2.44 | 419 | 8 | 1.84 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other Time and Savings |
25,092 | 779 | 3.11 | 19,930 | 459 | 2.30 | 19,633 | 291 | 1.49 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Foreign Offices |
32,561 | 1,047 | 3.22 | 26,561 | 602 | 2.26 | 25,757 | 359 | 1.39 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Interest- Bearing Deposits |
43,143 | 1,434 | 3.33 | 37,070 | 839 | 2.26 | 36,306 | 470 | 1.30 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements |
2,237 | 104 | 4.65 | 1,284 | 35 | 2.73 | 1,551 | 15 | 0.99 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other Borrowed Funds |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
1,632 | 94 | 5.74 | 1,480 | 55 | 3.68 | 2,025 | 40 | 1.95 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
459 | 6 | 1.32 | 385 | 3 | 0.84 | 650 | 12 | 1.88 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Other Borrowed Funds |
2,091 | 100 | 4.77 | 1,865 | 58 | 3.10 | 2,675 | 52 | 1.93 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Payables to Customers and Broker-Dealers |
4,899 | 167 | 3.40 | 6,014 | 128 | 2.12 | 6,361 | 57 | 0.89 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
8,295 | 436 | 5.26 | 7,312 | 269 | 3.68 | 6,152 | 136 | 2.19 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities |
60,665 | 2,241 | 3.69 | % | 53,545 | 1,329 | 2.48 | % | 53,045 | 730 | 1.38 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-Bearing Deposits |
11,609 | 10,078 | 9,121 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Liabilities |
13,871 | 13,223 | 12,689 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Shareholders Equity |
10,333 | 9,473 | 8,797 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities of Discontinued Operations |
10,364 | 15,116 | 15,688 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 106,842 | $ | 101,435 | $ | 99,340 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Earnings |
$ | 1,521 | $ | 1,367 | $ | 1,183 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Margin |
2.01 | % | 2.02 | % | 1.79 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities Attributable to Foreign Offices |
36.21 | % | 32.97 | % | 33.72 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
62
Rate/Volume Analysis on a Tax Equivalent Basis (Continuing Operations)
2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
Increase (Decrease) due to change in: |
Increase (Decrease) due to change in: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Total Increase (Decrease) |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Total Increase (Decrease) |
|||||||||||||||||||
Interest Income |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Bearing Deposits in Banks |
$ | 157 | $ | 107 | $ | 264 | $ | (76 | ) | $ | 45 | $ | (31 | ) | ||||||||||
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased |
12 | 48 | 60 | (19 | ) | 45 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||
Margin Loans |
(48 | ) | 111 | 63 | 2 | 109 | 111 | |||||||||||||||||
Non-Margin Loans |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer |
70 | 7 | 77 | 9 | 3 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial |
13 | 136 | 149 | 8 | 151 | 159 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
46 | 132 | 178 | 29 | 123 | 152 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-Margin Loans |
129 | 275 | 404 | 46 | 277 | 323 | ||||||||||||||||||
Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
(3 | ) | 2 | (1 | ) | (5 | ) | 3 | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
(9 | ) | 25 | 16 | (3 | ) | 28 | 25 | ||||||||||||||||
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions |
(3 | ) | | (3 | ) | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other Securities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
47 | 173 | 220 | 92 | 119 | 211 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
37 | (6 | ) | 31 | 23 | 1 | 24 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Other Securities |
84 | 167 | 251 | 115 | 120 | 235 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trading Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
3 | 5 | 8 | | 6 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
(2 | ) | 6 | 4 | 50 | 45 | 95 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Trading Securities |
1 | 11 | 12 | 50 | 51 | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Securities |
70 | 205 | 275 | 153 | 201 | 354 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Interest Income |
320 | 746 | 1,066 | 106 | 677 | 783 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest Expense |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Bearing Deposits |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money Market Rate Accounts |
(16 | ) | 52 | 36 | 3 | 58 | 61 | |||||||||||||||||
Savings |
(1 | ) | 2 | 1 | (1 | ) | 1 | | ||||||||||||||||
Certificate of Deposits of $100,000 or More |
39 | 64 | 103 | (9 | ) | 61 | 52 | |||||||||||||||||
Other Time Deposits |
3 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 3 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Domestic Offices |
25 | 125 | 150 | 3 | 123 | 126 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banks in Foreign Countries |
17 | 97 | 114 | 4 | 65 | 69 | ||||||||||||||||||
Government and Official Institutions |
4 | 7 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other Time and Savings |
135 | 185 | 320 | 5 | 163 | 168 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Foreign Offices |
156 | 289 | 445 | 12 | 231 | 243 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Interest-Bearing Deposits |
181 | 414 | 595 | 15 | 354 | 369 | ||||||||||||||||||
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold |
35 | 34 | 69 | (3 | ) | 23 | 20 | |||||||||||||||||
Other Borrowed Funds |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic Offices |
6 | 33 | 39 | (13 | ) | 28 | 15 | |||||||||||||||||
Foreign Offices |
1 | 2 | 3 | (4 | ) | (5 | ) | (9 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Total Other Borrowed Funds |
7 | 35 | 42 | (17 | ) | 23 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||
Payables to Customers and Broker-Dealers |
(27 | ) | 66 | 39 | (3 | ) | 74 | 71 | ||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
40 | 127 | 167 | 30 | 103 | 133 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Interest Expense |
236 | 676 | 912 | 22 | 577 | 599 | ||||||||||||||||||
Change in Net Interest Income |
$ | 84 | $ | 70 | $ | 154 | $ | 84 | $ | 100 | $ | 184 | ||||||||||||
Changes which are not solely due to balance changes or rate changes are allocated to such categories on the basis of the respective percentage changes in average balances and average rates.
63
On October 1, 2006, the Company purchased the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and sold the Companys Retail Business. The transaction further increases the Companys focus on the securities services and asset management and private banking businesses that are at the core of its long-term business strategy.
For the periods presented, the Company has prepared supplemental financial information as follows:
| Full income statements for the Retail Business, which is reflected as discontinued operations |
| Adjusted results, which combine continuing and discontinued operations to provide continuity with historical results |
| Continuing operations and adjusted results including and excluding merger and integration costs and the gain on the sale of the Retail Business |
The Company believes that providing supplemental adjusted non-GAAP financial information is useful to investors in understanding the underlying operating performance of the Company and its businesses and performance trends, particularly in view of the materiality and significance of the swap transaction. Specifically, the Company believes that the results of continuing operations are of limited value in projecting future results because they only include the results of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business from the acquisition date of October 1, 2006. By combining the results of continuing and discontinued operations and comparing the results with prior periods, the Company believes investors can obtain greater insight into the current performance of the Company in relation to historical results. By excluding merger and integration costs and the gain on the sale of the Retail Business, the Company believes investors can gain greater insight into the operating performance of the Company. Although the Company believes that the non-GAAP financial measures presented in this report enhance investors understanding of the Companys business and performance, these non-GAAP measures should not be considered an alternative to GAAP. A reconciliation of the Companys non-GAAP and GAAP financial results for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are included in Supplemental Data.
64
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOMESUPPLEMENTAL DATA
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Year Ended December 31, 2006 | Year Ended December 31, 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing Operations |
Discontinued Operations |
Adjusted Results(1) |
Continuing Operations |
Discontinued Operations |
Adjusted Results(1) | |||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 1,499 | $ | 457 | $ | 1,956 | $ | 1,340 | $ | 569 | $ | 1,909 | ||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
(20 | ) | 5 | (15 | ) | (7 | ) | 22 | 15 | |||||||||||||
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses |
1,519 | 452 | 1,971 | 1,347 | 547 | 1,894 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Income |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Servicing Fees |
3,537 | | 3,537 | 3,144 | | 3,144 | ||||||||||||||||
Global Payment Services Fees |
252 | 24 | 276 | 260 | 34 | 294 | ||||||||||||||||
Private Banking and |
569 | 35 | 604 | 452 | 42 | 494 | ||||||||||||||||
Service Charges and Fees |
207 | 113 | 320 | 228 | 154 | 382 | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign Exchange and |
425 | 6 | 431 | 379 | 12 | 391 | ||||||||||||||||
Securities Gains |
88 | | 88 | 68 | | 68 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Economic Value Payments |
23 | | 23 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Other |
221 | 2,194 | 2,415 | 167 | 16 | 183 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Noninterest Income |
5,322 | 2,372 | 7,694 | 4,698 | 258 | 4,956 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and Employee Benefits |
2,640 | 208 | 2,848 | 2,310 | 239 | 2,549 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Occupancy |
279 | 56 | 335 | 250 | 73 | 323 | ||||||||||||||||
Furniture and Equipment |
190 | 7 | 197 | 199 | 9 | 208 | ||||||||||||||||
Clearing |
183 | | 183 | 187 | | 187 | ||||||||||||||||
Sub-custodian Expenses |
134 | | 134 | 96 | | 96 | ||||||||||||||||
Software |
220 | 2 | 222 | 214 | 1 | 215 | ||||||||||||||||
Communications |
97 | 3 | 100 | 91 | 4 | 95 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of Intangibles |
76 | | 76 | 40 | | 40 | ||||||||||||||||
Merger and Integration Costs |
106 | 45 | 151 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Other |
746 | 77 | 823 | 680 | 90 | 770 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Noninterest Expense |
4,671 | 398 | 5,069 | 4,067 | 416 | 4,483 | ||||||||||||||||
Income Before Income Taxes |
2,170 | 2,426 | 4,596 | 1,978 | 389 | 2,367 | ||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes |
694 | 891 | 1,585 | 635 | 161 | 796 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Income |
1,476 | 1,535 | 3,011 | 1,343 | 228 | 1,571 | ||||||||||||||||
Merger & Integration Costs, |
72 | 29 | 101 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Gain on Sale of Retail Business, |
| (1,381 | ) | (1,381 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||
Net Income Excluding Merger & Integration Costs and Gain on |
$ | 1,548 | $ | 183 | $ | 1,731 | $ | 1,343 | $ | 228 | $ | 1,571 | ||||||||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share |
$ | 1.93 | $ | 2.00 | $ | 3.93 | $ | 1.74 | $ | 0.29 | $ | 2.03 | ||||||||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share Excluding Merger & Integration Costs and |
2.02 | 0.24 | 2.26 | 1.74 | 0.29 | 2.03 |
Note:
(1) | Adjusted results combine continuing and discontinued operations to provide continuity with historical results. |
65
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOMESUPPLEMENTAL DATA
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Year Ended December 31, 2004 | ||||||||||
Continuing Operations |
Discontinued Operations |
Adjusted Results(1) | ||||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 1,157 | $ | 488 | $ | 1,645 | ||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
(4 | ) | 19 | 15 | ||||||
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses |
1,161 | 469 | 1,630 | |||||||
Noninterest Income |
||||||||||
Securities Servicing Fees |
2,853 | | 2,853 | |||||||
Global Payment Services Fees |
277 | 43 | 320 | |||||||
Private Banking and Asset Management Fees |
406 | 45 | 451 | |||||||
Service Charges and Fees |
223 | 161 | 384 | |||||||
Foreign Exchange and Other Trading Activities |
353 | 11 | 364 | |||||||
Securities Gains |
78 | | 78 | |||||||
Other |
187 | 13 | 200 | |||||||
Total Noninterest Income |
4,377 | 273 | 4,650 | |||||||
Noninterest Expense |
||||||||||
Salaries and Employee Benefits |
2,094 | 230 | 2,324 | |||||||
Net Occupancy |
236 | 69 | 305 | |||||||
Furniture and Equipment |
195 | 9 | 204 | |||||||
Clearing |
176 | | 176 | |||||||
Sub-custodian Expenses |
87 | | 87 | |||||||
Software |
191 | 2 | 193 | |||||||
Communications |
89 | 4 | 93 | |||||||
Amortization of Intangibles |
34 | | 34 | |||||||
Other |
596 | 110 | 706 | |||||||
Total Noninterest Expense |
3,698 | 424 | 4,122 | |||||||
Income Before Income Taxes |
1,840 | 318 | 2,158 | |||||||
Income Taxes |
587 | 131 | 718 | |||||||
Net Income |
$ | 1,253 | $ | 187 | $ | 1,440 | ||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share |
$ | 1.61 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1.85 |
Note:
(1) | Adjusted results combine continuing and discontinued operations to provide continuity with historical results. |
66
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |
2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fourth | Third | Second | First | Fourth | Third | Second | First | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 1,887 | $ | 1,610 | $ | 1,724 | $ | 1,600 | $ | 1,547 | $ | 1,531 | $ | 1,523 | $ | 1,437 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest Income |
$ | 1,056 | $ | 960 | $ | 910 | $ | 813 | $ | 774 | $ | 693 | $ | 634 | $ | 568 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest Expense |
606 | 609 | 552 | 474 | 430 | 347 | 305 | 247 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
450 | 351 | 358 | 339 | 344 | 346 | 329 | 321 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
(15 | ) | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | | 3 | 10 | (3 | ) | (17 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Income |
1,437 | 1,259 | 1,366 | 1,261 | 1,203 | 1,185 | 1,194 | 1,116 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
1,281 | 1,192 | 1,134 | 1,065 | 1,044 | 1,031 | 1,021 | 971 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes |
621 | 422 | 591 | 535 | 500 | 490 | 505 | 483 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes |
194 | 124 | 200 | 175 | 161 | 157 | 162 | 155 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
427 | 298 | 391 | 360 | 339 | 333 | 343 | 328 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Taxes |
1,362 | 54 | 57 | 62 | 66 | 56 | 55 | 51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 1,789 | $ | 352 | $ | 448 | $ | 422 | $ | 405 | $ | 389 | $ | 398 | $ | 379 | ||||||||||||||||
Per Common Share Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic Earnings |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
$ | 0.57 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.52 | $ | 0.47 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.42 | ||||||||||||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net |
1.82 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income |
2.39 | 0.47 | 0.59 | 0.55 | 0.53 | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.49 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted Earnings |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
0.56 | 0.39 | 0.52 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net |
1.80 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income |
2.36 | 0.46 | 0.59 | 0.55 | 0.53 | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.49 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash Dividend |
$ | 0.22 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.20 | $ | 0.20 | ||||||||||||||||
Stock Price |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
High |
$ | 39.93 | $ | 35.67 | $ | 36.83 | $ | 36.04 | $ | 32.96 | $ | 31.25 | $ | 29.58 | $ | 33.31 | ||||||||||||||||
Low |
33.58 | 31.46 | 31.16 | 31.30 | 28.83 | 28.69 | 27.25 | 28.74 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ratios: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return on Average Common Shareholders Equity |
62.60 | % | 13.70 | % | 18.17 | % | 17.31 | % | 16.57 | % | 16.15 | % | 17.12 | % | 16.52 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Return on Average Assets |
6.95 | 1.29 | 1.63 | 1.61 | 1.53 | 1.53 | 1.59 | 1.55 |
The Companys securities that are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) are Common Stock, 5.95% Preferred Trust Securities Series F, and 6.88% Preferred Trust Securities Series E. The NYSE symbol for the Companys Common Stock is BK. All of the Companys other securities are not currently listed. The Company had 24,546 common shareholders of record at January 31, 2007.
New York Stock Exchange Annual Certification
Because the Companys common stock is listed on the NYSE, the Companys Chief Executive Officer is required to make, and has made, an annual certification to the NYSE stating that he was not aware of any
67
violation by the Company of the corporate governance listing standards of the NYSE. The Companys chief executive officer submitted his annual certification to that effect to the NYSE as of May 11, 2006.
The Company has filed with the SEC the certification required to be made by the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002, as an exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Shares of common stock were issued to former directors who had deferred receipt of such common stock pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. These issuances amounted to 4,963 shares on February 6, 2006. This transaction was exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to Section 4(2).
Under its stock repurchase program, the Company buys back shares from time to time. The following table discloses the Companys repurchases of its common stock made during the fourth quarter of 2006.
Period |
Total Number of Shares Purchased |
Average Paid Per |
Total Number of Shares |
Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet be Repurchased Under the Plans or Programs | |||||
October 1-31 |
12,144,659 | $ | 35.33 | 12,144,659 | 8,121,985 | ||||
November 1-30 |
| | | 8,121,985 | |||||
December 1-31 |
| | | 8,121,985 | |||||
Total |
12,144,659 | 12,144,659 | |||||||
Shares were repurchased through the Companys stock repurchase programs announced on July 12, 2005 and June 30, 2006, which permits the repurchase of 34 million shares. In October 2006, 10 million shares were repurchased at an initial price of $35.33 from a broker-dealer counterparty who borrowed the shares, as part of an accelerated share repurchase program. The initial price is subject to a purchase price adjustment based on the price the counterparty actually pays for the shares. The remaining shares repurchased were from employee benefit plans.
68
COMPARISONS OF TOTAL SHAREHOLDER RETURN
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | |||||||||||||
The Bank of New York Company, Inc. |
$ | 100.00 | $ | 60.19 | $ | 85.57 | $ | 88.58 | $ | 86.92 | $ | 110.06 | ||||||
S&P 500 |
100.00 | 77.95 | 100.27 | 111.15 | 116.59 | 134.96 | ||||||||||||
S&P 500 Financials |
100.00 | 85.40 | 111.87 | 123.98 | 132.03 | 157.34 | ||||||||||||
Peer Group |
100.00 | 98.18 | 127.58 | 139.35 | 149.50 | 178.56 |
Value of assumed $100 investment on December 31, 2001 in The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Common Stock, in the Standard & Poors 500 Stock Index, in the Standard & Poors 500 Financials Index and in the Peer Group Index; dividends are reinvested.
Peer Group* |
||
BB&T Corporation |
Northern Trust Corporation | |
Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. |
PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. | |
Fifth Third Bancorp |
State Street Corporation | |
Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. |
SunTrust Banks, Inc. | |
Mellon Financial Corporation |
US Bancorp | |
National City Corporation |
Wachovia Corporation |
* | Individual returns are weighted by market capitalization at the end of each year. |
69
1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The Bank of New York Company, Inc. |
$ | 100.00 | $ | 175.01 | $ | 247.86 | $ | 250.26 | $ | 349.93 | $ | 263.12 | $ | 158.37 | $ | 225.14 | $ | 233.06 | $ | 228.69 | $ | 289.58 | |||||||||||
S&P 500 |
100.00 | 133.32 | 171.34 | 207.35 | 188.46 | 166.16 | 129.53 | 166.61 | 184.68 | 193.73 | 224.26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
S&P 500 Financials |
100.00 | 148.07 | 164.95 | 171.77 | 215.70 | 196.45 | 167.78 | 219.76 | 243.57 | 259.38 | 309.09 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Peer Group |
100.00 | 140.60 | 150.62 | 144.02 | 194.17 | 190.20 | 186.73 | 242.67 | 265.05 | 284.36 | 339.63 |
Value of assumed $100 investment on December 31, 1996 in The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Common Stock, in the Standard & Poors 500 Stock Index, in the Standard & Poors 500 Financials Index and in the Peer Group Index; dividends are reinvested.
Peer Group* |
||
BB&T Corporation |
Northern Trust Corporation | |
Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. |
PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. | |
Fifth Third Bancorp |
State Street Corporation | |
Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. |
SunTrust Banks, Inc. | |
Mellon Financial Corporation |
US Bancorp | |
National City Corporation |
Wachovia Corporation |
* | Individual returns are weighted by market capitalization at the end of each year. |
70
In 2004, the Company recorded several gains and charges that in the aggregate reduced reported earnings by 3 cents per share. These items are summarized in the table below.
(In millions) Item |
Income Statement |
Pre-Tax Income |
Tax | After-Tax Income |
||||||||||
Net Interest Income(a) |
||||||||||||||
SFAS 13 cumulative |
Net Interest Income |
$ | (145 | ) | $ | 113 | $ | (32 | ) | |||||
lease adjustment(cross-border |
Net Interest Income |
89 | (37 | ) | 52 | |||||||||
lease adjustment(aircraft leases) |
Net Interest Income | (10 | ) | 4 | (6 | ) | ||||||||
SubtotalNet Interest Income |
(66 | ) | 80 | 14 | ||||||||||
Aircraft leases/other(b) |
Provision for Credit Losses | 7 | (3 | ) | 4 | |||||||||
Subtotal-Net Interest Income After |
(59 | ) | 77 | 18 | ||||||||||
Noninterest Income(c) |
||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of Wing Hang |
Other Income | 48 | (21 | ) | 27 | |||||||||
Gain on sponsor fund investments |
Securities Gains | 19 | (7 | ) | 12 | |||||||||
Aircraft leases |
Other Income | 3 | (1 | ) | 2 | |||||||||
SubtotalNoninterest Income |
70 | (29 | ) | 41 | ||||||||||
Noninterest Expense(d) |
||||||||||||||
Severance tied to relocations |
Salaries and Employee Benefits | (10 | ) | 4 | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Lease terminations |
Net Occupancy | (8 | ) | 3 | (5 | ) | ||||||||
Charge for the RW Matter(1) |
Other Expense | (30 | ) | 8 | (22 | ) | ||||||||
SubtotalNoninterest Expense |
(48 | ) | 15 | (33 | ) | |||||||||
Federal tax reserve adjustment related to |
Income Tax | | (50 | ) | (50 | ) | ||||||||
Total | $ | (37 | ) | $ | 13 | $ | (24 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Related to discontinued operations. |
(a) An after-tax charge of $32 million resulting from a cumulative adjustment to the leasing portfolio was triggered under SFAS 13 by the combination of a reduction in state and local taxes and a restructuring of the lease portfolio. The SFAS 13 adjustment impacts the timing of lease income reported by the Company, and resulted in a reduction in net interest income of $145 million, offset by tax benefits of $113 million.
An after-tax benefit of $52 million resulted from a SFAS 13 cumulative adjustment to the leasing portfolio for customers exercising their early buy-out (EBO) options. The Companys leasing portfolio contains a number of large cross-border leveraged leases where the lessee has an early buy-out option to purchase the leased assets, generally railcars and related assets. Given a confluence of economic factors, the value of the leased equipment exceeded the exercise price of the early buy-out option. The Company offered financial incentives to these lessees to accelerate the exercise of their early buy-out options. As a result, several lessees agreed to this proposal, triggering the after-tax $52 million gain. The gain results from the recognition of lease income over a shorter time frame, since the term of the lease has been shortened to the early buy-out date.
71
Net investment in aircraft leases was impacted by a $6 million after-tax adjustment related to aircraft leased to two airlines.
(b) The Company recorded a $7 million reduction in the provision for credit losses which largely reflects release of reserves on the aircraft leases.
(c) A $27 million after-tax gain on the sale of a portion of the Companys interest in Wing Hang, a Hong Kong-based bank, which was recorded in other income, and $19 million ($12 million after-tax) of higher than anticipated securities gains resulting from realized gains on sponsor fund investments in Kinkos, Inc., Bristol West Holdings, Inc., Willis Group Holdings, Ltd., and True Temper Sports, Inc.
The Company also had an after-tax gain of $2 million on the sale of a leased aircraft.
(d) The Company also took several actions associated with its long-term cost reduction initiatives. These actions included an after-tax severance charge of $6 million related to staff reductions tied to job relocations and a $5 million after-tax charge for terminating high cost leases associated with the staff redeployments.
The Company recorded an after-tax expense of $22 million in connection with the anticipated settlement of the RW Professional Leasing Services Corp. matter (RW Matter). This expense was only partially tax deductible and related to discontinued operations.
(e) The Company had several appellate conferences with the IRS related to the Companys cross-border leveraged lease transactions in December of 2004 and January 2005. Based on a revision to the probabilities and costs assigned to litigation and settlement outcomes, the Company recorded a $50 million expense associated with increasing the tax reserve on these transactions.
72
Alternative investments: Usually refers to investments in hedge funds, leveraged loans, subordinated and distressed debt, real estate and foreign currency overlay. Many hedge funds pursue strategies that are uncommon relative to mutual funds. Examples of alternative investment strategies are: longshort equity, event driven, statistical arbitrage, fixed income arbitrage, convertible arbitrage, short bias, global macro, and equity market neutral.
Assets Under Custody: The financial institution has legal responsibility for the customers assets. This includes management, administration and safekeeping.
Assets Under Management: Usually refers to the market value of assets an investment company manages on behalf of investors. The Company includes in its assets under management funds managed by its foreign exchange overlay business and short-term investment funds managed as part of its securities lending business.
Collateral Management: Collateral management is a comprehensive program designed to simplify collateralization and expedite securities transfers for buyers and sellers. The Company acting as an independent collateral manager is positioned between the buyer and seller to provide a convenient, flexible, and efficient service to ensure proper collateralization throughout the term of the transaction. The service includes verification of securities eligibility and maintenance of margin requirements.
Credit derivatives are contractual agreements that provide insurance against a credit event of one or more referenced credits. The nature of the credit event is established by the buyer and seller at the inception of the transaction, such events include bankruptcy, insolvency and failure to meet payment obligations when due. The buyer of the credit derivative pays a periodic fee in return for a contingent payment by the seller (insurer) following a credit event.
Credit risk: The risk of loss due to borrower or counterparty default.
Cross-currency swaps are contracts that generally involve the exchange of both interest and principal amounts in two different currencies. Also see interest rate swaps in this glossary.
Depositary receipts (DR): A negotiable security that generally represents a non-U.S. companys publicly traded equity. Although typically denominated in U.S. dollars, depositary receipts can also be denominated in Euros. Depositary receipts are eligible to trade on all U.S. stock exchanges and many European stock exchanges. American depositary receipts (ADR) trade only in the U.S.
Economic Value of Equity (EVE): An aggregation of discounted future cash flows of assets and liabilities over a long-term horizon.
Exchange Traded Fund (ETF): Each share of an ETF tracks a basket of stocks in some index or benchmark, providing investors with a vehicle that closely parallels the performance of these benchmarks while allowing for intraday trading.
Foreign currency options are similar to interest rate options except they are based on foreign exchange rates. Also see interest rate options in this glossary.
Foreign currency swaps: An agreement to exchange stipulated amounts of one currency for another currency at one or more future dates.
Foreign exchange contracts are contracts that provide for the future receipt or delivery of foreign currency at previously agreed-upon terms.
73
Foreign exchange overlay: The Companys specialist currency management group, BNY Overlay Associates, provides foreign exchange risk management solutions and alternative investment products. The currency programs can be structured as independent investment vehicles or as value-enhancing overlays on another asset class. The Company provides complete management service, from initial consultation to strategy execution and electronic reporting.
Forward rate agreements are contracts to exchange payments on a specified future date, based on a market change in interest rates from trade date to contract settlement date.
Granularity refers to the amount of concentration in the credit portfolio due to large individual exposures. One measure of granularity is the amount of economic capital attributable to an exposure. As the average economic capital per exposure declines, the portfolio is considered to be more granular.
Hedge fund: A fund, usually used by wealthy individuals and institutions, which is allowed to use aggressive strategies that are unavailable to mutual funds, including selling short, leverage, program trading, swaps, arbitrage, and derivatives. Hedge funds are exempt from many of the rules and regulations governing mutual funds, which allow them to accomplish aggressive investing goals. Legal requirements in many countries allow only certain sophisticated investors to participate in hedge funds.
Interest rate options, including caps and floors, are contracts to modify interest rate risk in exchange for the payment of a premium when the contract is initiated. As a writer of interest rate options, the Company receives a premium in exchange for bearing the risk of unfavorable changes in interest rates. Conversely, as a purchaser of an option, the Company pays a premium for the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a financial instrument or currency at predetermined terms in the future.
Interest rate sensitivity: The exposure of net interest income to interest rate movements.
Interest rate swaps are contracts in which a series of interest rate flows in a single currency is exchanged over a prescribed period. Interest rate swaps are the most common type of derivative contract that the Company uses in its asset/liability management activities. An example of a situation in which the Company would utilize an interest rate swap would be to convert its fixed-rate debt to a variable rate. By entering into the swap, the principal amount of the debt would remain unchanged, but the interest streams would change.
Investment grade equivalent: The Companys internal risk assessment which generally represents a risk profile similar to that of a BBB-/Baa3 or better rating as defined by independent rating agencies, such as Standard & Poors or Moodys.
Invoiced services means services provided by global payment services for which the customer can choose to pay directly or by leaving a compensating balance.
Liquidity risk: The risk of being unable to fund the Companys portfolio of assets at appropriate maturities and rates, and the risk of being unable to liquidate a position in a timely manner at a reasonable price.
Mark-to-market exposure: Mark-to-market exposure is a measure, at a point in time, of the value of a derivative or foreign exchange contract in the open market. When the mark-to-market is positive, it indicates the counterparty owes the Company and, therefore, creates a repayment risk for the Company. When the mark-to-market is negative, the Company owes the counterparty. In this situation, the Company does not have repayment risk.
Market risk: The potential loss in value of portfolios and financial instruments caused by movements in market variables, such as interest and foreign-exchange rates, credit spreads, and equity and commodity prices.
74
Net interest margin: The result of dividing net interest income by average interest-earning assets.
Operating leverage is measured by comparing the rate of increase in revenue to the rate of increase in expenses.
Operational risk: The risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed processes or systems, human factors, or external events.
Securities lending short-term investment fund: For some of its securities lending clients, the Company invests the cash collateral received in the customers securities lending transactions in a short-term highly liquid commingled investment fund. The fund is rated AAA by Standard & Poors and started operation in 2003.
SFAS: Statement of Financial Accounting Standard.
Sub-custodian: A local provider (e.g., a bank) contracted by the Company to provide specific custodial related services in a selected country or geographic area. Services generally include holding foreign securities in safekeeping, facilitating settlements and reporting holdings to the custodian.
Tangible common equity (TCE) ratio: The percentage computed by dividing common shareholders equity less intangibles and goodwill by period-end total assets less intangibles and goodwill.
Unit investment trust (UIT): A sponsor-created portfolio of securities. Like mutual funds, these securities portfolios are designed to meet specific investment objectives. However, unlike a mutual fund, a UIT is an unmanaged portfolio consisting of securities that are fixed at the UITs initiation and generally remain unchanged over the securitys life.
Value at risk (VAR): A measure of the dollar amount of potential loss from adverse market moves in an everyday market environment.
Variable interest entity (VIE): An entity that: (1) lacks enough equity investment at risk to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional financial support from other parties; (2) has equity owners that lack the right to make significant decisions affecting the entitys operations; and/or (3) has equity owners that do not have an obligation to absorb or the right to receive the entitys losses or returns.
75
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |
2006 | 2005 | ||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Cash and Due from Banks |
$ | 2,840 | $ | 2,882 | ||||
Interest-Bearing Deposits in Banks |
13,172 | 8,644 | ||||||
Securities |
||||||||
Held-to-Maturity (fair value of $1,710 in 2006 and $1,847 in 2005) |
1,729 | 1,872 | ||||||
Available-for-Sale |
19,377 | 25,346 | ||||||
Total Securities |
21,106 | 27,218 | ||||||
Trading Assets |
5,544 | 5,930 | ||||||
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Resale Agreements |
5,114 | 2,425 | ||||||
Loans (less allowance for loan losses of $287 in 2006 and $326 in 2005) |
37,506 | 32,601 | ||||||
Premises and Equipment |
1,050 | 1,004 | ||||||
Due from Customers on Acceptances |
213 | 212 | ||||||
Accrued Interest Receivable |
422 | 363 | ||||||
Goodwill |
5,172 | 3,510 | ||||||
Intangible Assets |
1,453 | 811 | ||||||
Other Assets |
9,760 | 7,710 | ||||||
Assets of Discontinued Operations Held for Sale |
18 | 8,808 | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 103,370 | $ | 102,118 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Deposits |
||||||||
Noninterest-Bearing (principally domestic offices) |
$ | 19,554 | $ | 12,706 | ||||
Interest-Bearing |
||||||||
Domestic Offices |
10,041 | 10,415 | ||||||
Foreign Offices |
32,551 | 26,666 | ||||||
Total Deposits |
62,146 | 49,787 | ||||||
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements |
790 | 834 | ||||||
Trading Liabilities |
2,507 | 2,401 | ||||||
Payables to Customers and Broker-Dealers |
7,266 | 8,623 | ||||||
Other Borrowed Funds |
1,625 | 904 | ||||||
Acceptances Outstanding |
215 | 212 | ||||||
Accrued Taxes and Other Expenses |
5,129 | 4,123 | ||||||
Accrued Interest Payable |
200 | 163 | ||||||
Other Liabilities (including allowance for lending-related |
3,062 | 2,697 | ||||||
Long-Term Debt |
8,773 | 7,817 | ||||||
Liabilities of Discontinued Operations Held for Sale |
64 | 14,681 | ||||||
Total Liabilities |
91,777 | 92,242 | ||||||
Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Common Stock-par value $7.50 per share, authorized 2,400,000,000 shares, issued 1,053,752,916 shares in 2006 and 1,044,994,517 shares in 2005 |
7,903 | 7,838 | ||||||
Additional Capital |
2,142 | 1,826 | ||||||
Retained Earnings |
9,444 | 7,089 | ||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
(317 | ) | (134 | ) | ||||
19,172 | 16,619 | |||||||
Less: Treasury Stock (297,790,159 shares in 2006 and |
7,576 | 6,736 | ||||||
Loan to ESOP (101,753 shares in 2006 and 203,507 shares in 2005), at cost |
3 | 7 | ||||||
Total Shareholders Equity |
11,593 | 9,876 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 103,370 | $ | 102,118 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
76
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the years ended December 31, |
Percent Inc/(Dec) | |||||||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share amounts) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | |||||||||||||
Interest Income |
||||||||||||||||||
Loans |
$ | 1,449 | $ | 1,045 | $ | 722 | 39 | % | 45 | % | ||||||||
Margin Loans |
330 | 267 | 156 | 24 | 71 | |||||||||||||
Securities |
||||||||||||||||||
Taxable |
1,101 | 823 | 570 | 34 | 44 | |||||||||||||
Exempt from Federal Income Taxes |
29 | 38 | 39 | (24 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||||||
1,130 | 861 | 609 | 31 | 41 | ||||||||||||||
Deposits in Banks |
538 | 274 | 305 | 96 | (10 | ) | ||||||||||||
Federal Funds Sold and Securities |
||||||||||||||||||
Purchased Under Resale Agreements |
130 | 70 | 44 | 86 | 59 | |||||||||||||
Trading Assets |
163 | 152 | 51 | 7 | 198 | |||||||||||||
Total Interest Income |
3,740 | 2,669 | 1,887 | 40 | 41 | |||||||||||||
Interest Expense |
||||||||||||||||||
Deposits |
1,434 | 839 | 470 | 71 | 79 | |||||||||||||
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold |
104 | 35 | 15 | 197 | 133 | |||||||||||||
Other Borrowed Funds |
100 | 58 | 52 | 72 | 12 | |||||||||||||
Customer Payables |
167 | 128 | 57 | 30 | 125 | |||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
436 | 269 | 136 | 62 | 98 | |||||||||||||
Total Interest Expense |
2,241 | 1,329 | 730 | 69 | 82 | |||||||||||||
Net Interest Income |
1,499 | 1,340 | 1,157 | 12 | 16 | |||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
(20 | ) | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | (186 | ) | (75 | ) | ||||||||
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses |
1,519 | 1,347 | 1,161 | 13 | 16 | |||||||||||||
Noninterest Income |
||||||||||||||||||
Securities Servicing Fees |
||||||||||||||||||
Execution and Clearing Services |
1,245 | 1,222 | 1,141 | 2 | 7 | |||||||||||||
Investor Services |
1,138 | 1,056 | 924 | 8 | 14 | |||||||||||||
Issuer Services |
895 | 639 | 583 | 40 | 10 | |||||||||||||
Broker-Dealer Services |
259 | 227 | 205 | 14 | 11 | |||||||||||||
Securities Servicing Fees |
3,537 | 3,144 | 2,853 | 13 | 10 | |||||||||||||
Global Payment Services Fees |
252 | 260 | 277 | (3 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
Private Banking and Asset Management Fees |
569 | 452 | 406 | 26 | 11 | |||||||||||||
Service Charges and Fees |
207 | 228 | 223 | (9 | ) | 2 | ||||||||||||
Foreign Exchange and Other Trading Activities |
425 | 379 | 353 | 12 | 7 | |||||||||||||
Securities Gains |
88 | 68 | 78 | 29 | (13 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net Economic Value Payments |
23 | | | |||||||||||||||
Other |
221 | 167 | 187 | 32 | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total Noninterest Income |
5,322 | 4,698 | 4,377 | 13 | 7 | |||||||||||||
Noninterest Expense |
||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and Employee Benefits |
2,640 | 2,310 | 2,094 | 14 | 10 | |||||||||||||
Net Occupancy |
279 | 250 | 236 | 12 | 6 | |||||||||||||
Furniture and Equipment |
190 | 199 | 195 | (5 | ) | 2 | ||||||||||||
Clearing |
183 | 187 | 176 | (2 | ) | 6 | ||||||||||||
Sub-custodian Expenses |
134 | 96 | 87 | 40 | 10 | |||||||||||||
Software |
220 | 214 | 191 | 3 | 12 | |||||||||||||
Communications |
97 | 91 | 89 | 7 | 2 | |||||||||||||
Amortization of Intangibles |
76 | 40 | 34 | 90 | 18 | |||||||||||||
Merger and Integration Costs |
106 | | | |||||||||||||||
Other |
746 | 680 | 596 | 10 | 14 | |||||||||||||
Total Noninterest Expense |
4,671 | 4,067 | 3,698 | 15 | 10 | |||||||||||||
77
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME(Continued)
For the years ended December 31, |
Percent Inc/(Dec) | ||||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share amounts) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 vs. 2005 | 2005 vs. 2004 | ||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes |
$ | 2,170 | $ | 1,978 | $ | 1,840 | 10 | % | 8 | % | |||||
Income Taxes |
694 | 635 | 587 | 9 | 8 | ||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
1,476 | 1,343 | 1,253 | 10 | 7 | ||||||||||
Discontinued Operations |
|||||||||||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations |
2,426 | 389 | 318 | 524 | 22 | ||||||||||
Income Taxes |
891 | 161 | 131 | 453 | 23 | ||||||||||
Discontinued Operations, Net |
1,535 | 228 | 187 | 573 | 22 | ||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 3,011 | $ | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | 92 | 9 | |||||||
Per Common Share Data: |
|||||||||||||||
Basic Earnings |
|||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
$ | 1.95 | $ | 1.75 | $ | 1.63 | 11 | 7 | |||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net |
2.03 | 0.30 | 0.24 | 577 | 25 | ||||||||||
Net Income |
3.98 | 2.05 | 1.87 | 94 | 10 | ||||||||||
Diluted Earnings |
|||||||||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
$ | 1.93 | $ | 1.74 | $ | 1.61 | 11 | 8 | |||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net |
2.00 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 590 | 21 | ||||||||||
Net Income |
3.93 | 2.03 | 1.85 | 94 | 10 | ||||||||||
Cash Dividends Paid |
0.86 | 0.82 | 0.79 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||
Diluted Shares Outstanding |
766 | 773 | 778 | (1 | ) | (1 | ) |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
78
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1 |
$ | 7,838 | $ | 7,811 | $ | 7,794 | ||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock Issued in Connection with Employee Benefit Plans (shares: 8,758,399 in 2006, 3,498,545 in 2005, and 2,273,840 in 2004) |
65 | 27 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
7,903 | 7,838 | 7,811 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additional Capital |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1 |
1,826 | 1,734 | 1,635 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock Issued in Connection with Employee Benefit Plans |
316 | 131 | 99 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock Rights Redemption |
| (39 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
2,142 | 1,826 | 1,734 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Retained Earnings |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1 |
7,089 | 6,162 | 5,330 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 3,011 | 3,011 | $ | 1,571 | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | 1,440 | |||||||||||||||
Cash Dividends on Common Stock |
(656 | ) | (644 | ) | (608 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
9,444 | 7,089 | 6,162 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
(134 | ) | (6 | ) | 72 | |||||||||||||||||||
Change in Fair Value of Securities Available-for-Sale, Net of Taxes of $81 in 2006, ($74) in 2005, and ($49) in 2004 |
121 | 121 | (114 | ) | (114 | ) | (79 | ) | (79 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Reclassification Adjustment, Net of Taxes Of ($36) in 2006, $7 in 2005, and $1 in 2004 |
(52 | ) | (52 | ) | 10 | 10 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Net of Taxes of $8 in 2006, ($4) in 2005, and $4 in 2004 |
13 | 13 | (16 | ) | (16 | ) | 5 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||
Net Unrealized Derivative Gain/(Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges, Net of Taxes $3 in 2006, ($5) in 2005, and $1 in 2004 |
4 | 4 | (5 | ) | (5 | ) | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
Minimum Pension Liability Adjustment, Net of Taxes of ($3) in 2006, ($2) in 2005, and ($6) in 2004 |
(5 | ) | (5 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | (9 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||||||||||
Adjustment to initially apply SFAS 158, Net of Taxes of ($174) in 2006 |
| (264 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
(317 | ) | (134 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Comprehensive Income |
$ | 3,092 | $ | 1,443 | $ | 1,362 | ||||||||||||||||||
Less Treasury Stock |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1 |
6,736 | 6,411 | 6,402 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issued (shares: 824,554 in 2006, 3,341,804 in 2005, and 4,529,465 in 2004) |
(43 | ) | (82 | ) | (110 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Acquired (shares: 24,952,495 in 2006, 13,629,024 in 2005, and 4,000,986 in 2004) |
883 | 407 | 119 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
7,576 | 6,736 | 6,411 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Less Loan to ESOP |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1 |
7 | | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issued (shares: 305,261 in 2005) |
| 10 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Released (shares: 101,754 in 2006 and 2005, and 126,960 in 2004) |
(4 | ) | (3 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
3 | 7 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Shareholders Equity, December 31 |
$ | 11,593 | $ | 9,876 | $ | 9,290 | ||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
79
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Operating Activities |
||||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 3,011 | $ | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | ||||||
Adjustments to Determine Net Cash Attributable to Operating Activities: |
||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses |
(15 | ) | 15 | 15 | ||||||||
Depreciation and Amortization |
494 | 526 | 480 | |||||||||
Deferred Income Taxes |
398 | (55 | ) | 383 | ||||||||
Securities (Gains) Losses |
(9 | ) | (68 | ) | (78 | ) | ||||||
Change in Trading Activities |
852 | (2,216 | ) | 1,288 | ||||||||
Gain on Retail Business Sale, Net of Taxes |
(1,381 | ) | | | ||||||||
Change in Accruals and Other, Net |
(67 | ) | (885 | ) | (170 | ) | ||||||
Net Cash Provided (Used) by Operating Activities |
3,283 | (1,112 | ) | 3,358 | ||||||||
Investing Activities |
||||||||||||
Change in Interest-Bearing Deposits in Banks |
(3,810 | ) | (946 | ) | (172 | ) | ||||||
Change in Margin Loans |
921 | (30 | ) | (347 | ) | |||||||
Purchases of Securities Held-to-Maturity |
(567 | ) | (544 | ) | (1,494 | ) | ||||||
Paydowns of Securities Held-to-Maturity |
227 | 373 | 217 | |||||||||
Maturities of Securities Held-to-Maturity |
116 | 70 | 19 | |||||||||
Purchases of Securities Available-for-Sale |
(11,327 | ) | (17,969 | ) | (14,344 | ) | ||||||
Sales of Securities Available-for-Sale |
7,559 | 4,941 | 4,257 | |||||||||
Paydowns of Securities Available-for-Sale |
4,553 | 6,759 | 7,791 | |||||||||
Maturities of Securities Available-for-Sale |
4,510 | 2,437 | 2,448 | |||||||||
Net Principal Received (Disbursed) on Loans to Customers |
(5,551 | ) | (5,819 | ) | 514 | |||||||
Sales of Loans and Other Real Estate |
122 | 263 | 21 | |||||||||
Change in Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Resale Agreements |
(2,689 | ) | 3,283 | (879 | ) | |||||||
Purchases of Premises and Equipment |
(221 | ) | (131 | ) | (262 | ) | ||||||
Acquisitions, Net of Cash Acquired |
2,135 | (265 | ) | (137 | ) | |||||||
Dispositions, Net of Cash Included |
(2,275 | ) | | | ||||||||
Proceeds from the Sale of Premises and Equipment |
149 | | 11 | |||||||||
Other, Net |
(204 | ) | (44 | ) | 112 | |||||||
Net Cash Provided (Used) by Investing Activities |
(6,352 | ) | (7,622 | ) | (2,245 | ) | ||||||
Financing Activities |
||||||||||||
Change in Deposits |
3,304 | 7,139 | 1,562 | |||||||||
Change in Federal Funds Purchased and Securities |
||||||||||||
Sold Under Repurchase Agreements |
(43 | ) | (371 | ) | 166 | |||||||
Change in Payables to Customers and Broker-Dealers |
(1,358 | ) | (41 | ) | (1,528 | ) | ||||||
Change in Other Borrowed Funds |
727 | 366 | (238 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from the Issuance of Long-Term Debt |
1,527 | 2,033 | 209 | |||||||||
Repayments of Long-Term Debt |
(567 | ) | (215 | ) | (476 | ) | ||||||
Issuance of Common Stock |
428 | 243 | 227 | |||||||||
Stock Rights Redemption |
| (39 | ) | | ||||||||
Treasury Stock Acquired |
(883 | ) | (417 | ) | (119 | ) | ||||||
Cash Dividends Paid |
(656 | ) | (644 | ) | (608 | ) | ||||||
Net Cash Provided (Used) by Financing Activities |
2,479 | 8,054 | (805 | ) | ||||||||
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash |
(85 | ) | 309 | (265 | ) | |||||||
Change in Cash and Due From Banks |
(675 | ) | (371 | ) | 43 | |||||||
Cash and Due from Banks at Beginning of Year |
3,515 | 3,886 | 3,843 | |||||||||
Cash Related to Discontinued Operations |
| (633 | ) | (630 | ) | |||||||
Cash and Due from Banks at End of Year |
$ | 2,840 | $ | 2,882 | $ | 3,256 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information |
||||||||||||
Cash Paid During the Year for: |
||||||||||||
Interest |
$ | 2,322 | $ | 1,389 | $ | 777 | ||||||
Income Taxes |
652 | 876 | 384 | |||||||||
Noncash Investing Activity (Primarily Foreclosure of Real Estate) |
| | 1 |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
80
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies
The Bank of New York Company, Inc. (the Company) provides a complete range of banking and other financial services to corporations and individuals worldwide through its business segments: Institutional Services, Private Bank and BNY Asset Management, and Corporate and Other. Business Segment Accounting Principles, Segment Financial Data, and International Financial Data are incorporated from the Business Segment Review section of Managements Discussion and Analysis of the Companys Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A). There were no major customers from whom revenues were individually material to the Companys performance.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Amounts subject to significant estimates and assumptions are items such as the allowance for loan losses and lending-related commitments, goodwill and intangibles, pension and postretirement obligations, and the fair value of financial instruments. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Qualifying special-purpose entities (QSPEs) are not consolidated. A VIE is consolidated if the Company will absorb a majority of the expected losses of the VIE, receive the majority of the expected residual returns of the VIE or both. The results of operations of businesses purchased are included from the date of acquisition. Equity investments of less than a majority but at least 20% ownership are accounted for by the equity method and classified as other assets. The Companys most significant equity method investment is its 20.2% share in Wing Hang, with a carrying value of $241 million.
Fee and Net Interest Revenue
Fees and other revenue are recorded when earned based on contractual terms. Fees are accrued based on estimates, or are recognized as transactions occur or services are provided and collectibility is reasonably assured. Revenue on interest-earning assets and expense on interest-bearing liabilities is recognized based on the effective yield of the related financial instrument.
Securities
Debt and equity securities classified as available-for-sale are carried at fair value, except for those equity securities whose fair value cannot be readily determined. These securities are carried at cost. For securities carried at fair value, the after-tax effect of net unrealized gains and losses is reported as a separate component of shareholders equity.
Securities classified as trading assets are carried at fair value, with net unrealized holding gains and losses recognized currently in income. Debt securities, which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity, are classified as held-to-maturity and stated at cost, adjusted for discount accreted and premium amortized. Realized gains and losses on the sale of debt and equity securities are determined by the specific identification and average cost methods, respectively.
The Company conducts quarterly reviews to identify and evaluate investments that have indications of possible impairment. An investment in a debt or equity security is impaired if its fair value falls below its cost and the decline is considered other-than-temporary. The Company examines various factors when determining
81
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
whether an impairment is other-than-temporary. Examples of factors that may indicate that an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred include:
| Fair value is below cost; |
| The decline in fair value has existed for an extended period of time; |
| Management does not possess both the intent and the ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value; |
| The decline in fair value is attributable to specific adverse conditions affecting a particular investment; |
| The decline in fair value is attributable to specific conditions, such as conditions in an industry or in a geographic area; and |
| A debt security has been downgraded by a rating agency. |
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level that, in managements judgment, is adequate to absorb probable losses associated with specifically identified loans, as well as estimated probable credit losses inherent in the remainder of the credit portfolio at the balance sheet date. Managements judgment includes the following factors, among others: risks of individual credits; past experience; the volume, composition, and growth of the credit portfolio; and economic conditions.
The Company conducts a quarterly portfolio review to determine the adequacy of its allowance for credit losses. All commercial exposures over $1 million are assigned to specific risk categories. Smaller commercial and consumer exposures are evaluated on a pooled basis and assigned to specific risk categories. Following this review, senior management of the Company analyzes the results and determines the allowance for credit losses. The Companys Board of Directors reviews the allowance at the end of each quarter.
The portion of the allowance for credit losses allocated to impaired loans (nonaccrual commercial loans over $1 million) is measured by the difference between their recorded value and fair value. Fair value is determined by one of the following: present value of the expected future cash flows from borrowers, the market value of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral. See Asset Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses and Critical Accounting Policies in the MD&A section for additional information.
Nonperforming Assets
Commercial loans are placed on nonaccrual status when collateral is insufficient and principal or interest is past due 90 days or more, or when there is reasonable doubt that interest or principal will be collected. Accrued interest is usually reversed when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon managements judgment. Nonaccrual loans are restored to accrual status when principal and interest are current or they become fully collateralized. Consumer loans are not classified as nonperforming assets, but are charged off and interest accrued is suspended based upon an established delinquency schedule determined by product. Real estate acquired in satisfaction of loans is carried in other assets at the lower of the recorded investment in the property or fair value minus estimated costs to sell.
Leveraged Leases
Significant assumptions involving cash flows, residual values and income tax rates affect the level of revenue associated with leases. Gains and losses on residual values of leased equipment sold are included in other income. Considering the nature of these leases and the number of significant assumptions, there is risk associated with the income recognition on these leases should any of the assumptions change materially in future periods.
82
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative contracts, such as futures contracts, forwards, interest rate swaps, foreign currency swaps and options and similar products used in trading activities, are recorded at fair value. The Company does not recognize gains or losses at the inception of derivative transactions if the fair value is not determined based upon observable market transactions and market data. Gains and losses are included in foreign exchange and other trading activities in noninterest income. Unrealized gains and losses are reported on a gross basis in trading account assets and trading liabilities, after taking into consideration master netting agreements.
The Company enters into various derivative financial instruments for non-trading purposes primarily as part of its asset/liability management (ALM) process. These derivatives are designated as fair value and cash flow hedges of certain assets and liabilities when the Company enters into the derivative contracts. Gains and losses associated with fair value hedges are recorded in income as well as any change in the value of the related hedged item. Gains and losses on cash flow hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income. If a derivative used in ALM does not qualify as a hedge, it is marked-to-market and the gain or loss is included in net interest income.
The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objectives and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives that are designated as fair value hedges to specific assets or liabilities on the balance sheet.
The Company formally assesses, both at the hedges inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective and whether those derivatives are expected to remain highly effective in future periods. The Company evaluates ineffectiveness in terms of amounts that could impact a hedges ability to qualify for hedge accounting and the risk that the hedge could result in more than a de minimus amount of ineffectiveness. At inception, the potential causes of ineffectiveness related to each of its hedges is assessed to determine if the Company can expect the hedge to be highly effective over the life of the transaction and to determine the method for evaluating effectiveness on an ongoing basis. Recognizing that changes in the value of derivatives used for hedging or the value of hedged items could result in significant ineffectiveness, the Company has processes in place designed to identify and evaluate such changes when they occur. Quarterly, the Company performs a quantitative effectiveness assessment and records any ineffectiveness.
The Company utilizes interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. For hedges of fixed-rate loans, asset-backed securities, deposits and long-term debt, the hedge documentation specifies the terms of the hedged items and interest rate swaps and indicates that the derivative is hedging a fixed-rate item and is a fair value hedge, that the hedge exposure is to the changes in the fair value of the hedged item due to changes in benchmark interest rates, and that the strategy is to eliminate fair value variability by converting fixed-rate interest payments to LIBOR.
The fixed rate loans hedged generally have an original maturity of 6 to 12 years and are not callable. These loans are hedged with pay fixed rate, receive variable rate swaps with similar notional amounts, maturities, and fixed rate coupons. The swaps are not callable. At December 31, 2006, $43 million of loans were hedged with interest rate swaps which had notional values of $43 million.
The securities hedged generally have a weighted average life of 10 years and are callable six months prior to maturity. These securities are hedged with pay fixed rate, receive variable rate swaps of like maturity, repricing and fixed rate coupon. The swaps are callable six months prior to maturity. At December 31, 2006, $228 million of securities were hedged with interest rate swaps which had notional values of $228 million.
The fixed rate deposits hedged generally have original maturities of 1 to 12 years (44% are one year deposits) and, except for three deposits, are not callable. These deposits are hedged with receive fixed rate, pay
83
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
variable rate swaps of similar maturity, repricing and fixed rate coupon. The swaps are not callable except for the three that hedge the callable deposits. At December 31, 2006, $1,255 million of deposits were hedged with interest rate swaps which had notional values of $1,255 million.
The fixed rate long-term debt hedged generally has an original maturity of 4 to 30 years. The Company issues both callable and non-callable debt. The non-callable debt is hedged with simple interest rate swaps similar to those described for deposits. Callable debt is hedged with callable swaps where the call dates of the swaps exactly match the call dates of the debt. At December 31, 2006, $5,802 million of debt was hedged with interest rate swaps that had notional values of $5,838 million.
In addition to the fair value hedges discussed above, the Company has three cash flow hedges utilizing interest rate swaps to hedge the variability in expected future cash flows attributable to floating rates on an interest-only strip, a deposit and a long-term debt issue. The hedge documentation specifies the terms of the hedged items and interest rate swaps and indicates that the derivative is hedging future variable interest payments and is a cash flow hedge, that the hedge exposure is the variability in interest payments, and that the strategy is to eliminate variability by converting floating rate interest payments to fixed payments. For cash flow hedges the interest rate swap is marked-to-market with the changes in value recorded in other comprehensive income. The amount recognized as other comprehensive income for the cash flow hedge is reclassified to net interest income as interest is realized on the hedged item.
The Company has a $264 million interest-only strip of which $200 million is hedged with a $200 million receive fixed rate, pay variable rate interest rate swap to remove the variability in the cash flows received from the security. Payments on the interest-only strip are related to a money market fund. During the next twelve months, net gains of $3 million (pre-tax) included in other comprehensive income are expected to be reclassified to income.
The deposit hedged has a principal amount of $275 million and has a LIBOR-based floating rate and an 18 month original maturity. The deposit is hedged with a receive LIBOR, pay fixed rate swap with the same maturity and interest payment dates as the deposit to eliminate the variability in interest payment received on the deposit. During the next twelve months, net losses of less than $1 million (pre-tax) included in other comprehensive income are expected to be reclassified to income.
The long-term debt hedged has a principal amount of $400 million and has a LIBOR-based floating rate and a 2 year original maturity. The debt is hedged with a receive LIBOR, pay fixed rate swap with the same maturity and interest payment dates as the debt to eliminate the variability in interest payment received on the debt. During the next twelve months, net losses of less than $1 million (pre-tax) included in other comprehensive income are expected to be reclassified to income.
In addition, the Company enters into foreign exchange hedges. The Company uses forward foreign exchange contracts with maturities of 12 months or less to hedge its Sterling and Euro foreign exchange exposure with respect to forecasted expense transactions in non-U.S. entities which have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. As of December 31, 2006, the hedged forecasted foreign currency transactions and linked foreign exchange forward hedges were $107 million with $4 million (pre-tax) gains recorded in other comprehensive income. These gains are expected to be reclassified to expense over the next twelve months.
Forward foreign exchange contracts are also used to hedge the value of the Companys investments in foreign subsidiaries. These forward contracts have a maturity of less than six months. The derivatives employed are designated as net investment hedges of changes in value of the Companys foreign investment due to exchange rates, such that changes in value of the forward exchange contracts offset the changes in value of the
84
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
foreign investments due to changes in foreign exchange rates. The change in fair market value of these contracts is deferred and reported within accumulated translation adjustments in shareholders equity, net of tax effects. At December 31, 2006, foreign exchange contracts, with notional amounts totaling $1,744 million, were designated as hedges of corresponding amounts of net investments.
The Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively when it determines that a derivative is no longer an effective hedge, the derivative expires or is sold, or management discontinues the derivatives hedge designation. Subsequent gains and losses on these derivatives are included in foreign exchange and other trading activities.
Ineffectiveness related to derivatives and hedging relationships was recorded in income as follows:
(In millions) | For the year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
Hedges |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Fair Value Hedge of Loans |
$ | (0.1 | ) | $ | 0.1 | $ | | |||||
Fair Value Hedge of Securities |
0.1 | (0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | |||||||
Fair Value Hedge of Deposits and Long-Term Debt |
(1.2 | ) | 0.9 | (0.2 | ) | |||||||
Cash Flow Hedges |
(0.5 | ) | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||||||
Other |
0.5 | | | |||||||||
Total |
$ | (1.2 | ) | $ | 1.1 | $ | (0.1 | ) | ||||
Other includes ineffectiveness recorded on foreign exchange hedges.
Tax
The Company records current tax liabilities or assets through charges or credits to the current tax provision for the estimated taxes payable or refundable for the current year. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A deferred tax valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Interest and penalties related to income taxes are recorded as income tax expense.
Premises, Equipment, and Internal-Use Software
Premises and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the owned asset and, for leasehold improvements, over the lesser of the remaining term of the leased facility or the estimated economic life of the improvement. For owned and capitalized assets, estimated useful lives range from 3 to 50 years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, while major improvements are capitalized and amortized to operating expense over their identified useful life. For internal-use computer software, the Company capitalizes qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage. The resulting asset is amortized using the straight-line method over the expected life, which is generally 5 years. All other costs incurred in connection with an internal-use software project are expensed as incurred.
Goodwill and other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Other intangible assets represent purchased assets that also lack physical substance but can be distinguished from
85
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
goodwill because of contractual or other legal rights or because the asset is capable of being sold or exchanged either on its own or in combination with a related contract, asset, or liability. Goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment. All other intangible assets which have finite useful lives are amortized over those periods, which range from 3 to 18 years.
Stock Options
On January 1, 2003, the Company adopted the fair value method of accounting for its options under SFAS 123 as amended by SFAS 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure. SFAS 148 permits three different methods of adopting fair value: (1) the prospective method, (2) the modified prospective method, and (3) the retroactive restatement method. Under the prospective method, options issued after January 1, 2003, are expensed while all options granted prior to January 1, 2003, are accounted for under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 (APB 25), Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, using the intrinsic value method. Consistent with industry practice, the Company elected the prospective method of adopting fair value accounting. See Stock Option Plans in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding stock options.
The retroactive restatement method requires the Companys financial statements to be restated as if fair value accounting had been adopted in 1995. For 2006, there is no difference between the prospective method and the retroactive restatement method. The following table discloses the pro forma effects on the Companys net income and earnings per share for 2005 and 2004 as if the retroactive restatement method had been adopted.
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |
2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Reported net income |
$ | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | ||||
Stock-based employee compensation costs, |
29 | 23 | ||||||
Stock-based employee compensation costs, |
(37 | ) | (57 | ) | ||||
Pro forma net income |
$ | 1,563 | $ | 1,406 | ||||
Reported diluted earnings per share |
$ | 2.03 | $ | 1.85 | ||||
Impact on diluted earnings per share |
(0.01 | ) | (0.04 | ) | ||||
Pro forma diluted earnings per share |
$ | 2.02 | $ | 1.81 | ||||
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004) (SFAS 123(R)), Share-Based Payment, which is a revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. SFAS 123(R) eliminates the ability to account for share-based compensation transactions using APB 25 and requires that such transactions be accounted for using a fair value-based method. SFAS 123(R) covers a wide range of share-based compensation arrangements including share options, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights, and employee share purchase plans. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) on January 1, 2006 using the modified prospective method. Under this method, compensation cost is recognized beginning with the effective date (a) based on the requirements of SFAS 123(R) for all share-based payments granted after the effective date and (b) based on the requirements of SFAS 123 for all awards granted to employees prior to the effective date of SFAS 123(R) that remain unvested on the effective date. As of January 1, 2006, the Company was amortizing all of its unvested stock option grants.
Certain of the Companys stock compensation grants vest when the employee retires. SFAS 123(R) will require the completion of expensing of new grants with this feature by the first date the employee is eligible to retire. For grants prior to January 1, 2006, the Company will continue to expense them over their stated vesting
86
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
period. The adoption of SFAS 123(R) increased pre-tax expense in 2006 by $12 million, which was recorded in the second quarter of 2006.
Pension
At September 30, the measurement date, plan assets were determined based on fair value generally representing observable market prices. The projected benefit obligation is determined based on the present value of projected benefit distributions at an assumed discount rate. The discount rate utilized is based on the yield of high quality corporate bonds available in the marketplace. Periodic pension expense includes service costs, interest costs based on an assumed discount rate, an expected return on plan assets based on an actuarially derived market-related value and amortization of actuarial gains and losses.
Actuarial gains and losses include the impact of plan amendments and various unrecognized gains and losses which are deferred and amortized over the future service periods of active employees. The market-related value utilized to determine the expected return on plan assets is based on fair value adjusted for the difference between expected returns and actual performance of plan assets. The unrealized difference between actual experience and expected returns is included in the market-related value over a five-year period. The Companys stock price used by the ESOP is also smoothed to reduce volatility.
Any unrecognized gains or losses related to changes in the amount of the projected benefit obligation or plan assets resulting from experience different from the assumed discount rate or expected returns and from changes in assumptions are deferred. To the extent an unrecognized gain or loss, excluding the unrecognized asset gain or loss, exceeds 10 percent of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or the market-related value of plan assets, the excess is recognized over the future service periods of active employees.
2. Accounting Changes and New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2005, the FASB ratified the consensus in EITF Issue No. 04-5 (EITF 04-5), Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights, which provides guidance in determining whether a general partner controls a limited partnership. The adoption of EITF 04-5 did not have a significant impact on the Companys financial condition or results of operations.
In November 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1 The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. The FSP addresses the determination as to when an investment is considered impaired, whether that impairment is other than temporary, and the measurement of an impairment loss. The Company adopted the FSP on January 1, 2006. The adoption of the standard did not have a significant impact on its financial condition or results of operations.
In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155 (SFAS 155), Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of SFAS 140 and SFAS 133. SFAS 155 permits the Company to elect to measure any hybrid financial instrument at fair value if the hybrid instrument contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation and be accounted for separately under SFAS 133. SFAS 155 clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS 133 and that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives. SFAS 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired, issued, or subject to a remeasurement event after December 31, 2006. On January 17, 2007, the FASB issued Derivative Implementation Groups (DIG) Issue B40 which impacts how SFAS 155 is applied. The Company does not believe that SFAS 155 and DIG Issue B40 will have a significant impact on the Companys investment activities.
87
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
In July 2006, the FASB issued FSP FAS 13-2, Accounting for a Change or Projected Change in the Timing of Cash Flows Relating to Income Taxes Generated by a Leverage Lease Transaction, revising the accounting guidance under SFAS No. 13 (SFAS 13), Accounting for Leases, for leveraged leases. This FSP modifies existing interpretations of SFAS 13 and associated industry practice. As a result in 2007, the Company expects to recognize a one-time after-tax charge to capital of approximately $400 million related to a change in the timing of its lease cash flows due to the LILO settlement. See Commitments and Contingent Liabilities in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. However, an amount approximating this one-time charge will be taken into income over the remaining term of the affected leases.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157 (SFAS 157), Fair Value Measurements. The Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands additional disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 clarifies that fair value is the amount that would be exchanged to sell an asset or transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. SFAS 157 nullifies the consensus reached in EITF Issue No. 02-3 prohibiting the recognition of day one gain or loss on derivative contracts (and hybrid instruments measured at fair value under SFAS 133 as modified by SFAS 155) where the Company cannot verify all of the significant model inputs to observable market data and verify the model to market transactions. However, SFAS 157 requires that a fair value measurement technique include an adjustment for risks inherent in a particular valuation technique (such as a pricing model) and/or the risks inherent in the inputs to the model if market participants would also include such an adjustment. SFAS 157 will require the Company to consider the effect of its own credit standing in determining the fair value of its liabilities. In addition, SFAS 157 prohibits the recognition of block discounts for large holdings of unrestricted financial instruments where quoted prices are readily and regularly available in an active market. The requirements of SFAS 157 are to be applied prospectively, except for changes in fair value measurements that result from the initial application of SFAS 157 to existing derivative financial instruments measured under EITF Issue No. 02-3, existing hybrid instruments measured at fair value, and block discounts, which are to be recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the year of adoption. The Company expects to adopt SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS 157.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plansan amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R) (SFAS 158). SFAS 158 requires the Company to (a) recognize in its statement of financial position an asset for a plans overfunded status or a liability for a plans underfunded status, (b) measure a plans assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the fiscal year, (c) recognize changes in the funded status of a defined postretirement plan in the year in which the changes occur (reported in comprehensive income) and (d) provide additional disclosure. The requirement to recognize the funded status of a benefit plan and the disclosure requirements are effective as of the end of the fiscal year ending after December 15, 2006. The requirement to measure the plan assets and benefit obligations as of the date of the employers fiscal year-end statement of financial position is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS 158. The effect of adopting SFAS 158 on the Companys consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2006 has been included in the accompanying financial statements. The adoption of SFAS 158 resulted in a charge to equity of $264 million. See Employee Benefit Plans in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the effect of adopting SFAS 158.
In 2007, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. The Interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertain tax positions in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. The Interpretation requires that a tax position meet a more-likely-than-not threshold for the benefit of the uncertain tax position to be recognized in the financial statements. A tax position that fails to meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold will result in either reduction of current or deferred tax assets, and/or recording of current or deferred tax liabilities. The impact of adoption in 2007 is expected to be a charge to equity of approximately $25 million.
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159 (SFAS 159), The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. SFAS 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value and to provide additional information that will help investors and other users of financial statements to understand more easily the effect on earnings of the companys choice to use fair value. It also requires companies to display the fair value of those assets and liabilities for which the company has chosen to use fair value on the face of the balance sheet. The Company expects to adopt SFAS 159 along with SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008 and is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS 159.
Certain other prior year information has been reclassified to conform its presentation to the 2006 financial statements.
3. Acquisitions and Dispositions
The Company continues to be an active acquirer of securities servicing and asset management businesses. The Company frequently structures its acquisitions with both an initial payment and a later contingent payment tied to post-closing revenue or income growth. The Company records the fair value of contingent payments as an additional cost of the entity acquired in the period that the payment becomes probable.
At December 31, 2006, the Company was liable for potential contingent payments related to acquisitions in the amount of $158 million. During 2006, the Company paid or accrued $35 million for contingent payments related to acquisitions made in prior years, and $154 million of potential contingent payments lapsed.
2006
During 2006, five businesses were acquired for a total cost of $2,557 million. Potential contingent payments related to 2006 acquisitions are $145 million. Goodwill and the tax-deductible portion of goodwill related to 2006 acquisitions transactions was $1,946 million and $1,641 million, respectively. Other than the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, the pro forma effect of the 2006 acquisitions is not material to the 2006 results. See below for a discussion of the impact of the purchase of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and the sale of the Retail Business.
On January 3, 2006, the Company acquired Alcentra Group Limited (Alcentra), an international asset management group focused on managing funds that invest in non-investment grade debt and other structured credit products. Alcentras management team retained a 20 percent interest. Alcentra has operations in London and Los Angeles and at acquisition managed 15 different investment funds with over $6.2 billion of assets.
On March 2, 2006, the Company acquired Urdang Capital Management, Inc. (Urdang), a real estate investment management firm that at acquisition managed approximately $3.0 billion in direct investments and portfolios of REIT securities.
On June 12, 2006, the Company acquired the bond administration business of TD Banknorth, N.A. The TD Banknorth portfolio includes bond trustee, paying/fiscal agent, master trustee, transfer agent and registrar appointments. The transaction involved the purchase of approximately 350 bond trusteeships and agency appointments, representing $5.2 billion of principal debt outstanding for an estimated 230 clients.
On October 1, 2006, the Company sold its Retail Business to JPMorgan Chase for the net asset value plus a premium of $2.3 billion. JPMorgan Chase sold its corporate trust business to the Company for the net asset value plus a premium of $2.15 billion. The difference between premiums resulted in a net cash payment of $150 million to the Company. There is also a contingent payment of up to $50 million to the Company tied to customer retention. For further details, see Discontinued Operations in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
JPMorgan Chases corporate trust business comprised issues representing $5 trillion in total debt outstanding. It had 2,400 employees in more than 40 locations globally. Prior to the acquisition, the Companys corporate trust business comprised issues representing $3 trillion in total debt outstanding and had 1,300 employees in 25 locations globally.
The Companys retail bank consisted of 338 branches in the tri-state region, serving approximately 700,000 consumer households and small businesses with $13 billion in deposits and $9 billion in assets at September 30, 2006. The Companys regional middle market businesses provided financing, banking and treasury services for middle market clients, serving more than 2,000 clients in the tri-state region. Together, the units had 4,000 employees located in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut and Delaware.
The transaction further increases the Companys focus on the securities services and wealth management businesses that have fueled the Companys growth in recent years and that are at the core of its long-term business strategy.
The Company recorded an after-tax gain of $1,381 million on the sale of the Retail Business. The Company also expects to incur after-tax charges of $150 million related to the acquisition. The transaction is expected to be dilutive to GAAP earnings per share through 2009 (4.5 percent in 2007 to 1.5 percent in 2009), but to be accretive to cash earnings per share in 2009 when cost savings are fully phased in.
On a pro forma basis, if the acquisition of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business had occurred on January 1, 2005, the transaction would have had the following impact:
2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |
Reported | Pro Forma | Reported | Pro Forma | ||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 6,821 | $ | 7,437 | $ | 6,038 | $ | 6,861 | ||||
Net Income from Continuing Operations |
1,476 | 1,625 | 1,343 | 1,543 | ||||||||
Net Income |
3,011 | 3,160 | 1,571 | 1,771 | ||||||||
Diluted Earnings per Share from Continuing Operations |
$ | 1.93 | $ | 2.12 | $ | 1.74 | $ | 2.00 | ||||
Diluted Earnings per Share |
3.93 | 4.13 | 2.03 | 2.29 |
The pro forma results are based on adding the pre-tax historical results of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business to the Companys results and adjusting for amortization of intangibles created in the transaction and taxes. The pro forma data does not include adjustments to reflect the Companys operating costs or expected differences in the way funds generated by the Acquired Corporate Trust Business are invested. The pro forma data is intended for informational purposes and is not indicative of the future results of operations.
The Companys transaction with JPMorgan Chase altered the composition of the balance sheet. When the Acquired Corporate Trust Business is fully integrated in 2007, approximately $14 billion of U.S. dollar retail deposits will have been replaced with between $11 billion and $14 billion of institutional corporate trust deposits. Between $7 billion and $10 billion of deposits related to the Acquired Corporate Trust Business have not yet transitioned to the Company. These deposits will transition to the Company as regulatory approval is received to operate in certain foreign locations and as the novation process proceeds in other foreign locations. The Company expects the transition will be substantially complete by June 30, 2007. Until the transition is complete, JPMorgan Chase will pay the Company for the net economic value of these deposits. In the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company recorded $23 million of net economic value payments in noninterest income. On the asset side of the balance sheet, approximately $8 billion of retail and middle market loans included in the sale of the Retail Business have been replaced with liquid assets and securities. Goodwill and intangibles related to the Acquired Corporate Trust Business were approximately $2.3 billion.
On October 2, 2006, the Company completed the transaction resulting in the formation of BNY ConvergEx Group. BNY ConvergEx Group brought together BNY Securities Groups trade execution, commission management,
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
independent research and transition management business with Eze Castle Software, a leading provider of trade order management and related investment technologies. This transaction enabled the Company to achieve several objectives including repositioning its execution services business for faster growth and enhancing the product offering for the Companys client base, while allowing the Company to withdraw capital committed to the business.
BNY ConvergEx Group is a leading global agency brokerage and technology company offering a complete spectrum of pre-trade, trade, and post-trade solutions for traditional money managers, hedge funds, broker-dealers, corporations and plan sponsors. BNY ConvergEx Group has a global presence in New York, Boston, San Francisco, Chicago, Dallas, Stamford, London, Bermuda, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Sydney.
The Company and GTCR Golder Rauner, LLC each hold a 35 percent stake in BNY ConvergEx Group, with the balance held by Eze Castle Softwares investors and BNY ConvergEx Groups management team. BNY ConvergEx Group, with pro forma 2005 revenues of approximately $340 million, is an affiliate of The Bank of New York and is reflected on the Companys financial statements as an equity investment. After the use of the proceeds to repurchase shares, the transaction is expected to be neutral to earnings per share.
The BNY Securities Group businesses included in BNY ConvergEx Group are BNY Brokerage, Lynch, Jones & Ryan, G-Port, Westminster Research and BNY Jaywalk. In addition, The Bank of New Yorks B-Trade and G-Trade businesses are expected to become part of BNY ConvergEx Group in 2008, although in the interim they will continue to be owned by The Bank of New York.
On December 1, 2006, the Company sold its transfer agency software business, Rufus, to Bravura Solutions Limited (Bravura), a leading global supplier of wealth management applications and professional services, for approximately $38 million. Under the agreement, Bravura acquired all of the software and intellectual property comprising Rufus, and all existing employees will transfer to Bravura.
On December 3, 2006, the Company and Mellon entered into a definitive agreement to merge, creating the worlds largest securities servicing and asset management firm. The new company, which will be called The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, will be the worlds leading asset servicer with assets under custody expected to exceed $17 trillion and the worlds leading corporate trustee with assets under trusteeship expected to exceed $8 trillion. It will rank among the top 10 global asset managers with assets under management expected to exceed $1.1 trillion.
The combined company is expected to have annual revenues of more than $12 billion, with approximately 28% derived from asset servicing, 38% from issuer services, clearing services and treasury services, and 29% from asset management and private wealth management. It will be well positioned to capitalize on global growth trends, including the evolution of emerging markets, the growth of hedge funds and alternative asset classes, the increasing need for more complex financial products and services, and the increasingly global need for people to save and invest for retirement. Almost a quarter of combined revenue will be derived internationally.
Under the terms of the agreement, the Companys shareholders will receive 0.9434 shares in the new company for each share of the Company that they own and Mellon shareholders will receive one share in the new company for each Mellon share they own.
To induce Mellon to enter into the merger agreement, the Company granted Mellon an option to purchase up to 149,621,546 shares of the Companys common stock at a price per share equal to the lesser of $35.48 and the closing sale price of the Companys common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the exercise date; but in no case may Mellon acquire more than 19.9% of the outstanding shares of the Companys common stock under this stock option agreement. Mellon cannot exercise the option unless specified triggering events occur. These events generally relate to business combinations or acquisition transactions involving the Company and a third party.
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The option could have the effect of discouraging a third party from trying to acquire the Company prior to completion of the transaction or termination of the merger agreement. Upon the occurrence of certain triggering events, the Company may be required to repurchase the option and/or any shares of the Companys common stock purchased by Mellon under the option at a predetermined price, or Mellon may choose to surrender the option to the Company for a cash payment of $1.15 billion. In no event will the total profit received by Mellon with respect to this option exceed $1.3 billion.
To induce the Company to enter into the merger agreement, Mellon granted the Company an option to purchase up to 82,641,656 shares of Mellon common stock at a price per share equal to the lesser of $40.05 and the closing sale price of Mellon common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the exercise date; but in no case may the Company acquire more than 19.9% of the outstanding shares of Mellon common stock under this stock option agreement. The Company cannot exercise the option unless specified triggering events occur. These events generally relate to business combinations or acquisition transactions involving Mellon and a third party.
The option could have the effect of discouraging a third party from trying to acquire Mellon prior to completion of the transaction or termination of the merger agreement. Upon the occurrence of certain triggering events, Mellon may be required to repurchase the option and/or any shares of Mellon common stock purchased by the Company under the option at a predetermined price, or the Company may choose to surrender the option to Mellon for a cash payment of $725 million. In no event will the total profit received by the Company with respect to this option exceed $825 million.
On December 19, 2006, the Company acquired the remaining 50% stake in AIB/BNY Securities Services (Ireland) Ltd. (AIB/BNY) that it did not own from Allied Irish Banks, p.l.c. (AIB). AIB/BNY was established in 1995 as a joint venture between AIB and the Company to provide a range of services for a number of fund structures domiciled in Ireland. At acquisition, AIB/BNY had $210 billion of assets under administration and employed 600 staff between its Dublin and Cork offices.
2005
During 2005, four businesses were acquired for a total cost of $188 million. Potential contingent payments related to 2005 acquisitions were $8 million. Goodwill and the tax-deductible portion of goodwill related to 2005 acquisitions transactions was $124 million. All of the goodwill was assigned to the Companys Institutional Services segment.
In January 2005, the Company acquired certain of the assets and liabilities of Standard & Poors Securities, Inc., the institutional brokerage subsidiary of Standard & Poors. In March 2005, the Company acquired the execution and commission management services of Boston Institutional Services.
In July 2005, the Company acquired Lynch, Jones & Ryan, Inc., a provider of commission recapture programs. Also in July 2005, the Company acquired the bond administration business of Marshall & Ilsley Trust Company N.A., and Marshall & Ilsley Bank, where they act as bond trustee, paying/fiscal agent, master trustee, transfer agent and/or registrar.
In June 2005, the Company and Trust Company of Australia Ltd. formed a joint venture to provide securitization trustee and other agency-related services to Australian-based issuers of debt. In July 2005, The Bank of New York and BHF-BANK established BHF BNY Securities Services GmbH as a jointly held subsidiary to market Global Custody (Depotbank) services for German investment companies, and securities custody and settlement services for the national and international direct investments of institutional investors.
In August 2005, the Company and Nordea, the leading financial services provider in the Nordic region, entered into a strategic agreement to provide global custody and selected related services to Nordeas
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
institutional clients in the Nordic and Baltic Sea regions. Also in August 2005, the Company announced a strategic arrangement with IL&FS Trust Company Limited, a leading provider of trust and fiduciary services in India, to provide Indian issuers with access to the Companys global network, a comprehensive array of services to the international capital markets, and leading-edge technology capabilities.
In October 2005, the Company announced a marketing alliance with National Australia Bank (National), which enable the Company to offer commission recapture services to Nationals custody clients in Australia and New Zealand.
2004
During 2004, nine businesses were acquired for a total cost of approximately $68 million, primarily paid in cash. Potential contingent payments related to 2004 acquisitions were $66 million. Goodwill related to 2004 acquisition transactions was $46 million. The tax-deductible portion of goodwill was $46 million. All of the goodwill was assigned to the Companys Institutional Services segment.
In February 2004, the Company signed an agreement with Thomson Institutional Services Inc., a unit of Thomason Financial, to transfer its commission services client base to the Company. In March 2004, the Company acquired software and other assets of Sonic Financial Technologies LLC, a leading provider of direct access electronic trading solutions.
In May 2004, the Company made a strategic investment in London-based Netik, LLC. Late in the second quarter of 2004, the Company acquired a unit investment trust business that services approximately $20 billion in assets for over 4,200 different series of unit investment trusts.
In July 2004, the Company reached an agreement with National Australia Bank, following their strategic decision to close the National Custodian Services UK operation, to transfer its clients to the Company. In October 2004, the Company acquired Osprey Partners LLCs portfolio accounting technology to broaden its managed account services offering. In November 2004, the Company acquired the execution and commission management assets of Wilshire Associates. In December 2004, the Company acquired Continental Fund Services, a Luxembourg PSF (Professional of the Financial Sector).
4. Discontinued Operations
On October 1, 2006, the Company acquired JPMorgan Chases corporate trust business and JPMorgan Chase acquired the Companys Retail Business. The Company adopted discontinued operations accounting for its Retail Business. Also included in the sales agreement are provisions related to transitional services that will be provided for a period of up to 8 months after closing, subject to extensions. The results from continuing operations exclude the results of the Companys Retail Business and include the operations of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business only after October 1, 2006.
Results for all the Retail Business are reported separately as discontinued operations for all periods presented. The assets and liabilities of the businesses sold are included in assets of discontinued operations held for sale and liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet. Net interest income has been computed by allocating investment securities and federal funds sold and related interest income to discontinued operations to match the amount and duration of the assets sold with the amount and duration of the liabilities sold.
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Summarized financial information for discontinued operations related to the Retail Business is as follows:
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Net Interest Income |
$ | 457 | $ | 569 | $ | 488 | |||
Noninterest Income(1) |
2,372 | 258 | 273 | ||||||
Total Revenue, Net of Interest Expense |
$ | 2,829 | $ | 827 | $ | 761 | |||
Income from Discontinued Operations(1) |
$ | 2,426 | $ | 389 | $ | 318 | |||
Income Taxes |
891 | 161 | 131 | ||||||
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Taxes |
$ | 1,535 | $ | 228 | $ | 187 | |||
(1) | Including the $2,159 million pre-tax gain on the sale of the Retail Business. |
The following is a summary of the assets and liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale as of December 31, 2006 and 2005:
(In millions) |
December 31, 2006 |
December 31, 2005 | ||||
Assets |
||||||
Cash and Due from Banks |
$ | | $ | 633 | ||
Securities |
| 108 | ||||
Loans |
| 7,714 | ||||
Goodwill |
| 109 | ||||
Other Assets |
18 | 244 | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 18 | $ | 8,808 | ||
Liabilities |
||||||
Deposits |
$ | 7 | $ | 14,637 | ||
Other Liabilities |
57 | 44 | ||||
Total Liabilities |
$ | 64 | $ | 14,681 | ||
5. Goodwill and Intangibles
Goodwill by reporting segment for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 is as follows:
(In millions) |
December 31, 2006 |
December 31, 2005 | ||||
Institutional Services |
$ | 4,567 | $ | 3,121 | ||
Private Bank & BNY Asset Management |
605 | 389 | ||||
Consolidated Total |
$ | 5,172 | $ | 3,510 | ||
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The changes in goodwill during 2006 were as follows:
(In millions) |
Institutional Services |
Private Bank & BNY Asset Management |
Total | ||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2005 |
$ | 3,121 | $ | 389 | $ | 3,510 | |||||
Acquired Corporate Trust Business |
1,659 | | 1,659 | ||||||||
Other Acquisitions |
125 | 212 | 337 | ||||||||
BNY ConvergEx Transaction |
(390 | ) | | (390 | ) | ||||||
Foreign Exchange Translation |
47 | | 47 | ||||||||
Other(1) |
5 | 4 | 9 | ||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2006 |
$ | 4,567 | $ | 605 | $ | 5,172 | |||||
(1) | Other changes in goodwill include purchase price adjustments and certain other reclassifications. |
The table above does not include goodwill of $109 million that was related to the discontinued operations of the Retail Business.
The Companys business segments are tested annually for goodwill impairment. No impairment loss was recorded in 2006 and 2005.
Intangible Assets
December 31, 2006 | December 31, 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years |
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount | |||||||||||||||
Trade Names |
$ | 370 | $ | | $ | 370 | Indefinite Life | $ | 370 | $ | | $ | 370 | |||||||||
Customer Relationships |
1,231 | (148 | ) | 1,083 | 13 | 531 | (99 | ) | 432 | |||||||||||||
Other Intangible Assets |
17 | (17 | ) | | | 28 | (19 | ) | 9 |
The aggregate amortization expense of intangibles was $76 million, $40 million and $34 million for 2006, 2005, and 2004. Estimated amortization expense for the next five years is as follows:
For the Year Ended December 31, |
Amortization Expense | ||||
(In millions) | |||||
2007 | $ | 118 | |||
2008 | 117 | ||||
2009 | 115 | ||||
2010 | 113 | ||||
2011 | 111 |
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
6. Securities
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and the fair values of securities at the end of the last two years:
2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Unrealized |
Gross Unrealized |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
Amortized Cost |
Gains | Losses | Fair Value |
Amortized Cost |
Gains | Losses | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 48 | $ | 1 | $ | | $ | 49 | ||||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
120 | | 1 | 119 | 245 | | 6 | 239 | ||||||||||||||||
Obligations of States & Political Subdivisions |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
1,492 | 1 | 17 | 1,476 | 1,451 | 3 | 24 | 1,430 | ||||||||||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Emerging Markets |
117 | | 2 | 115 | 117 | 1 | | 118 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Debt Securities |
| | | | 11 | | | 11 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Securities Held-to-Maturity |
1,729 | 1 | 20 | 1,710 | 1,872 | 5 | 30 | 1,847 | ||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
86 | | | 86 | 178 | | 1 | 177 | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
554 | | | 554 | 384 | | 3 | 381 | ||||||||||||||||
Obligations of States & Political Subdivisions |
85 | 3 | | 88 | 113 | 5 | | 118 | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
16,315 | 60 | 66 | 16,309 | 21,162 | 50 | 159 | 21,053 | ||||||||||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
468 | 3 | 7 | 464 | 307 | | 2 | 305 | ||||||||||||||||
Equity Securities |
1,073 | 5 | | 1,078 | 956 | | 4 | 952 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Debt Securities |
796 | 2 | | 798 | 2,354 | 6 | | 2,360 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Securities Available-for-Sale |
19,377 | 73 | 73 | 19,377 | 25,454 | 61 | 169 | 25,346 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Securities |
$ | 21,106 | $ | 74 | $ | 93 | $ | 21,087 | $ | 27,326 | $ | 66 | $ | 199 | $ | 27,193 | ||||||||
At December 31, 2006, almost all of the unrealized losses are attributable to changes in interest rates on investment grade securities. The portion of unrealized losses that are not attributable to interest rates is expected to be recovered. The Company has the ability and intent to hold these securities until their value recovers. The Company believes that all of its unrealized losses are temporary in nature.
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The following tables show the aggregate related fair value of investments with a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months and those that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than twelve months.
December 31, 2006
Less than 1 Year | 1 Year or More | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Loss |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Loss |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Loss | ||||||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
| | 119 | 1 | 119 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Obligations of States & Political Subdivisions |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
402 | 5 | 541 | 12 | 943 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Emerging Market |
110 | 2 | | | 110 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Equity Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Other Debt Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Total Securities Held-to-Maturity |
512 | 7 | 660 | 13 | 1,172 | 20 | ||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Obligations of States & Political Subdivisions |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
5,027 | 16 | 3,462 | 50 | 8,489 | 66 | ||||||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
224 | 7 | | | 224 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Equity Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Other Debt Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Total Securities Available-for-Sale |
5,251 | 23 | 3,462 | 50 | 8,713 | 73 | ||||||||||||
Total Securities |
$ | 5,763 | $ | 30 | $ | 4,122 | $ | 63 | $ | 9,885 | $ | 93 | ||||||
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2005
Less than 1 Year | 1 Year or More | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Loss |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Loss |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Loss | ||||||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
98 | 2 | 141 | 4 | 239 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Obligations of States & Political Subdivisions |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
646 | 9 | 591 | 15 | 1,237 | 24 | ||||||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Emerging Markets |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Equity Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Other Debt Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Total Securities Held-to-Maturity |
744 | 11 | 732 | 19 | 1,476 | 30 | ||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government Obligations |
| | 74 | 1 | 74 | 1 | ||||||||||||
U.S. Government Agency Obligations |
254 | 1 | 120 | 2 | 374 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Obligations of States & Political Subdivisions |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
8,916 | 74 | 5,431 | 85 | 14,347 | 159 | ||||||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
200 | 2 | | | 200 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Equity Securities |
8 | 4 | | | 8 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Other Debt Securities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||
Total Securities Available-for-Sale |
9,378 | 81 | 5,625 | 88 | 15,003 | 169 | ||||||||||||
Total Securities |
$ | 10,122 | $ | 92 | $ | 6,357 | $ | 107 | $ | 16,479 | $ | 199 | ||||||
The amortized cost and fair values of securities at December 31, 2006, by contractual maturity, are as follows:
Held-to-Maturity | Available-for-Sale | |||||||||||
(In millions) |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value | ||||||||
Due in One Year or Less |
$ | 120 | $ | 119 | $ | 781 | $ | 781 | ||||
Due After One Year Through Five Years |
| | 179 | 180 | ||||||||
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years |
| | 59 | 60 | ||||||||
Due After Ten Years |
117 | 115 | 502 | 505 | ||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
1,492 | 1,476 | 16,315 | 16,309 | ||||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
| | 468 | 464 | ||||||||
Equity Securities |
| | 1,073 | 1,078 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,729 | $ | 1,710 | $ | 19,377 | $ | 19,377 | ||||
Realized gross gains on the sale of securities available-for-sale were $24 million in 2006 and $26 million in 2005. There were $98 million of realized gross losses in 2006 and $5 million of realized gross losses in 2005.
At December 31, 2006, assets amounting to $17.1 billion were pledged primarily for potential borrowing at the Federal Reserve Discount Window. The significant components of pledged assets were as follows: $13.1
98
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
billion were securities and $4.0 billion were loans. Included in these pledged assets was securities available-for-sale of $981 million which were pledged as collateral for actual borrowings. The lenders in these borrowings have the right to repledge or sell these securities. The Company obtains securities under resale, securities borrowed and custody agreements on terms which permit it to repledge or resell the securities to others. As of December 31, 2006, the market value of the securities received that can be sold or repledged was $12.9 billion. The Company routinely repledges or lends these securities to third parties. As of December 31, 2006, the market value of collateral repledged and sold was $198 million.
7. Loans
The Companys loan distribution and industry concentrations of credit risk at December 31, 2006 and 2005 are incorporated by reference from Loans in the MD&A section of this report.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its banking subsidiaries have made loans at prevailing interest rates and terms to directors and executive officers of the Company and to entities in which certain Company directors have an ownership interest or direct or indirect subsidiaries of such entities. The aggregate dollar amount of these loans was $211 million, $244 million, and $229 million at December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. These loans are primarily extensions of credit under revolving lines of credit established for such entities.
The composition of the Companys loan portfolio at December 31 is shown in the following table:
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | ||||||
Commercial |
$ | 5,925 | $ | 4,860 | ||||
Real Estate |
4,521 | 3,588 | ||||||
Consumer Loans |
266 | 378 | ||||||
Lease Financings |
5,498 | 5,525 | ||||||
Banks and Other Financial Institutions |
7,844 | 6,462 | ||||||
Loans for Purchasing or Carrying Securities |
7,114 | 4,935 | ||||||
Margin Loans |
5,167 | 6,089 | ||||||
Government and Official Institutions |
9 | 101 | ||||||
Other |
1,449 | 989 | ||||||
Less: Allowance for Loan Losses |
(287 | ) | (326 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | 37,506 | $ | 32,601 | ||||
Transactions in the allowance for credit losses, which represents the allowance for loan losses plus the allowance for lending-related commitments are summarized as follows:
2006 | |||||||||||
(In millions) |
Allowance for Loan Losses |
Allowance for Lending-Related Commitments |
Allowance for Credit Losses |
||||||||
Balance, Beginning of Period |
$ | 326 | $ | 144 | $ | 470 | |||||
Charge-Offs |
(29 | ) | | (29 | ) | ||||||
Recoveries |
16 | | 16 | ||||||||
Net Charge-Offs |
(13 | ) | | (13 | ) | ||||||
Provision |
(26 | ) | 6 | (20 | ) | ||||||
Balance, End of Period |
$ | 287 | $ | 150 | $ | 437 | |||||
99
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
2005 | |||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses |
Allowance for Lending-Related Commitments |
Allowance for Credit Losses |
|||||||||
Balance, Beginning of Period |
$ | 491 | $ | 136 | $ | 627 | |||||
Charge-Offs |
(154 | ) | | (154 | ) | ||||||
Recoveries |
4 | | 4 | ||||||||
Net Charge-Offs |
(150 | ) | | (150 | ) | ||||||
Provision |
(15 | ) | 8 | (7 | ) | ||||||
Balance, End of Period |
$ | 326 | $ | 144 | $ | 470 | |||||
2004 | |||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses |
Allowance for Lending-Related Commitments |
Allowance for Credit Losses |
|||||||||
Balance, Beginning of Period |
$ | 558 | $ | 125 | $ | 683 | |||||
Charge-Offs |
(57 | ) | | (57 | ) | ||||||
Recoveries |
5 | | 5 | ||||||||
Net Charge-Offs |
(52 | ) | | (52 | ) | ||||||
Provision |
(15 | ) | 11 | (4 | ) | ||||||
Balance, End of Period |
$ | 491 | $ | 136 | $ | 627 | |||||
The table below sets forth information about the Companys nonperforming assets and impaired loans at December 31:
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Domestic Nonperforming Loans |
$ | 28 | $ | 13 | $ | 122 | |||
Foreign Nonperforming Loans |
9 | 13 | 28 | ||||||
Total Nonperforming Loans |
37 | 26 | 150 | ||||||
Other Assets Owned |
1 | 13 | 1 | ||||||
Total Nonperforming Assets |
$ | 38 | $ | 39 | $ | 151 | |||
Impaired Loans with an Allowance |
$ | 8 | $ | 17 | $ | 84 | |||
Impaired Loans without an Allowance(1) |
19 | | 65 | ||||||
Total Impaired Loans |
$ | 27 | $ | 17 | $ | 149 | |||
Allowance for Impaired Loans(2) |
$ | 1 | $ | 5 | $ | 25 | |||
Average Balance of Impaired Loans during the Year |
41 | 101 | 253 | ||||||
Interest Income Recognized on Impaired Loans during the Year |
2 | 3 | 4 |
(1) | When the discounted cash flows, collateral value or market price equals or exceeds the carrying value of the loan, then the loan does not require an allowance under the accounting standard related to impaired loans. |
(2) | The allowance for impaired loans is included in the Companys allowance for loan losses. |
100
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Lost Interest
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Amount by which interest income recognized on |
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 1 | $ | | $ | 2 | |||
Foreign |
| | | ||||||
Amount by which interest income would have increased if nonperforming loans at year-end had been performing for the entire year: |
|||||||||
Total |
1 | 1 | 4 | ||||||
Foreign |
| | 1 |
At December 31, 2006, commitments to borrowers whose loans were classified as nonaccrual or reduced rate were not material. The Company uses the discounted cash flow method as its primary method for valuing its impaired loans.
8. Other Assets
December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | ||||
Accounts and Interest Receivable |
$ | 3,443 | $ | 2,186 | ||
Fails to Deliver |
1,523 | 1,496 | ||||
Other Investments |
857 | 915 | ||||
Prepaid Pension Assets |
635 | 931 | ||||
Software |
388 | 355 | ||||
Margin Deposits |
324 | 190 | ||||
Prepaid Expenses |
223 | 265 | ||||
Other |
2,367 | 1,372 | ||||
Total Other Assets |
$ | 9,760 | $ | 7,710 | ||
9. Long-Term Debt
The following is a summary of the contractual maturity of long-term debt at December 31, 2006 and totals for 2005:
2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
5 Years and Under |
After 5 Years Through 10 Years |
After 10 Years |
Total | Total | ||||||||||
Senior Debt |
|||||||||||||||
Fixed Rate |
$ | 2,094 | $ | 12 | $ | | $ | 2,106 | $ | 2,077 | |||||
Floating Rate |
1,150 | 600 | 31 | 1,781 | 1,680 | ||||||||||
Subordinated Debt(1) |
225 | 1,519 | 1,957 | 3,701 | 2,876 | ||||||||||
Junior Subordinated Debt(1) |
| | 1,185 | 1,185 | 1,184 | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | 3,469 | $ | 2,131 | $ | 3,173 | $ | 8,773 | $ | 7,817 | |||||
(1) | Fixed rate |
101
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The Company has $700 million of debt maturing in 2007. At December 31, 2006, subordinated debt aggregating $1,144 million was redeemable at the option of the Company as follows: $341 million in 2007; $284 million in 2008; and $519 million after 2008. The Company has $250 million of subordinated debt that is fixed at 4.25% until 2007 when it becomes variable. The Company has the option to call this debt at that time. The Company has $400 million of subordinated debt that is fixed at 3.40% until 2008 when it becomes variable. The Company has the option to call this debt at that time.
Weighted Average Interest Rates |
2006 | 2005 | ||||
Fixed-Rate Senior Debt |
4.41 | % | 4.12 | % | ||
Floating-Rate Senior Debt |
5.38 | 4.37 | ||||
Fixed-Rate Subordinated Debt |
5.27 | 5.44 | ||||
Preferred Trust Securities |
7.12 | 7.12 | ||||
Range of Fixed Interest Rates at December 31, 2006 are: |
||||||
From | To | |||||
Senior Debt |
3.63 | % | 5.41 | % | ||
Subordinated Debt |
3.27 | 7.40 | ||||
Junior Subordinated Debt |
5.95 | 7.97 |
Exposure to interest rate movements is reduced by interest rate swap agreements. As a result of these agreements, the effective interest rates differ from those stated.
Wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company (the Trusts) have issued cumulative Company-Obligated Mandatory Redeemable Trust Preferred Securities of Subsidiary Trust Holding Solely Junior Subordinated Debentures (Preferred Trust Securities). The sole assets of each trust are junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures of the Company, whose maturities and interest rates match the Preferred Trust Securities. The Companys obligations under the agreements that relate to the Preferred Trust Securities, the Trusts and the debentures constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the Trusts obligations under the Preferred Trust Securities.
The following table sets forth a summary of the Junior Subordinated Debt issued by the Company as of December 31, 2006:
Preferred Trust Securities
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount | Interest Rate |
Assets of Trust(1) |
Due Date |
Call Date |
Call Price |
||||||||||
BNY Institutional Capital Trust A |
$ | 300 | 7.78 | % | $ | 309 | 2026 | 2006 | 103.89 | % | ||||||
BNY Capital I |
300 | 7.97 | 309 | 2026 | 2006 | 103.99 | ||||||||||
BNY Capital IV |
200 | 6.88 | 206 | 2028 | 2004 | Par | ||||||||||
BNY Capital V |
350 | 5.95 | 361 | 2033 | 2008 | Par | ||||||||||
$ | 1,150 | $ | 1,185 | |||||||||||||
(1) | Junior Subordinated Debt |
The Company has the option to shorten the maturity of BNY Capital IV to 2013 or extend the maturity to 2047. All of the preferred trust securities have been swapped to floating rate.
102
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
10. Securitizations
The Company provides services to two QSPEs as of December 31, 2006.
Money Fund Securitization
In 2000, the Company purchased BNY Hamilton Money Fund shares with a market value of $400 million. The Company then sold the right to receive the principal value of the shares in 2021 in a securitization transaction and retained the rights to receive on-going dividends from the shares. The Company did not recognize a gain on the sale. The purpose of this securitization is to achieve a favorable after-tax risk-adjusted investment return. The Company sponsors the BNY Hamilton Money Fund and receives an administrative fee for servicing the fund. The Company hedged a portion of the interest rate risk of the transaction by entering into a $200 million interest rate swap with a third party. The retained interest is recorded in available-for-sale securities in the consolidated balance sheet.
Municipal Bond Securitizations
The Company also sponsored $43 million of municipal bond securitizations for which no gain was recognized. The municipal bonds that were transferred were weekly variable rate demand bonds that are designed to trade at par. Therefore, the book value of the bonds was equal to par and they were sold at par, resulting in no gain or loss on sale. All of the bonds in the program are credit enhanced by a third party letter of credit provider rated at least A3/BBB. The Company provides additional liquidity and credit enhancement through total rate of return swaps, letters of credit, and/or, standby bond purchase agreements. The programs purpose is to achieve a favorable after-tax risk-adjusted investment return.
Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Securitization
Since 2000, the Company sells and distributes securities for an asset-backed commercial paper securitization program. The Company services the program and receives a market-based fee of approximately five basis points that is just adequate to compensate the Company for its servicing responsibilities. As a result, there is no servicing asset or liability. At December 31, 2006, there were no assets in the program.
In 2007, the Company restructured the program to be a variable interest entity. A third party holds the first loss position, which is designed to absorb the majority of any expected losses. The Company provides additional liquidity and credit enhancement to the commercial paper securitization program through total rate of return swaps and a subordinated loan. The swaps are constructed to mature as the commercial paper matures. To the extent there is a liquidity issue impacting the paying ability of the underlying assets or if the underlying assets undergo a credit default, the swaps ensure the timely payments to the beneficial interest holders.
The authorized size of the program is $5 billion. The purpose of the securitization is to hold highly rated asset-backed securities and secured corporate obligations in a capital efficient manner.
Impact of Programs
The impact of these securitizations on the Companys fully diluted earnings per share is less than 1 cent. Furthermore, if these transactions were consolidated on the balance sheet, there would have been virtually no impact on the Companys liquidity, and the Tier 1 and Total Capital ratios at December 31, 2006 would have been two basis points lower.
103
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
11. Shareholders Equity
The Company has 5 million authorized shares of Class A convertible preferred stock having a par value of $2.00 per share. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, 3,000 shares were outstanding. On January 22, 2007, the Company redeemed 300 shares of Class A convertible preferred stock at a per share redemption price of $25 plus accrued dividends of $11.03. The remaining 2,700 shares were converted into Company common stock with shareholders receiving 7.39644 shares of Company common stock for each share of Class A convertible preferred stock.
In addition to the Class A preferred stock, the Company has 5 million authorized shares of preferred stock having no par value, with no shares outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
In February 2005, the Companys Board of Directors voted unanimously to terminate the Companys Rights Plan and to impose conditions on its ability to adopt a shareholder rights plan in the future.
Each share of the Companys common stock represented one right under the Rights Plan. On March 25, 2005, the Company paid 5 cents per right to redeem them.
The Company has reserved the right of its Board, by a majority vote of its independent directors in their exercise of their fiduciary duties, to determine in light of the circumstances then existing if it would be in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders to adopt a new shareholder rights plan without prior shareholder approval. If a shareholder rights plan is adopted by the Board without prior shareholder approval, the plan must provide that it will expire within 12 months from its effective date unless ratified by the Companys shareholders.
At December 31, 2006, the Company had reserved for issuance approximately 72 million common shares pursuant to the terms of employee benefit plans.
In October 2006, the Company repurchased 10 million shares of common stock at an initial price of $35.33 from a broker-dealer counterparty who borrowed the shares, as part of an accelerated share repurchase program. The initial price is subject to a purchase price adjustment based on the price the counterparty actually pays for the shares. The program matures in October 2007 when the Company expects to issue shares to settle the purchase price adjustment. Based on the Companys stock price at December 31, 2006, the Companys obligation under the purchase price adjustment was approximately 1 million shares.
104
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated as follows:
(In millions, except per share amounts) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
$ | 1,476 | $ | 1,343 | $ | 1,253 | |||
Income from Discontinued Operations |
1,535 | 228 | 187 | ||||||
Net Income(1) |
$ | 3,011 | $ | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | |||
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding |
756 | 765 | 772 | ||||||
Shares Issuable upon Conversion: |
|||||||||
Employee Stock Options |
10 | 8 | 6 | ||||||
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding |
766 | 773 | 778 | ||||||
Basic Earnings per Share: |
|||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
$ | 1.95 | $ | 1.75 | $ | 1.63 | |||
Income from Discontinued Operations |
2.03 | 0.30 | 0.24 | ||||||
Net Income |
3.98 | 2.05 | 1.87 | ||||||
Diluted Earnings per Share: |
|||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
$ | 1.93 | $ | 1.74 | $ | 1.61 | |||
Income from Discontinued Operations |
2.00 | 0.29 | 0.24 | ||||||
Net Income |
3.93 | 2.03 | 1.85 |
(1) | Net income, net income available to common shareholders and diluted net income are the same for all years presented. |
12. Stock Option Plans
The Companys stock option plans (the Option Plans) provide for the issuance of stock options at fair market value at the date of grant to officers and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. At December 31, 2006, under the Option Plans, the Company may issue 26,580,929 new options. In addition, the Company may reissue any options cancelled under its 1999 and 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plans. Generally, each option granted under the Option Plans is exercisable between one and ten years from the date of grant.
The compensation cost that has been charged against income was $46 million, $49 million, and $39 million for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the income statement was $19 million, $20 million, and $16 million for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.
In 2006 and 2005, the Company used a lattice-based binomial method to calculate the fair value on the date of grant. In 2004 the Company used a Black-Scholes model. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the following weighted-average assumptions noted in the following table.
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Dividend Yield |
2.8 | % | 2.6 | % | 2.5 | % | |||
Expected Volatility |
22 | 24 | 25 | ||||||
Risk-free Interest Rate |
4.72 | 4.17 | 2.61 | ||||||
Expected Option Lives (in years) |
6 | 5 | 5 |
For 2006 and 2005 assumptions were determined as follows:
| Expected volatilities are based on implied volatilities from traded options on the Companys stock, historical volatility of the Companys stock, and other factors. |
105
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
| The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee termination within the valuation model. |
| The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve at the time of grant. |
| The expected term of options granted is derived from the output of the option valuation model and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. |
A summary of the status of the Companys Option Plans as of December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, and changes during the years ended on those dates is presented below:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||
Options |
Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||||||||||||||
Outstanding at |
69,463,224 | $ | 35.18 | 68,809,804 | $ | 34.89 | 66,185,011 | $ | 34.44 | ||||||||||||
Granted |
6,261,200 | 34.99 | 6,249,675 | 30.37 | 7,215,950 | 33.06 | |||||||||||||||
Exercised |
(9,190,540 | ) | 24.01 | (3,370,085 | ) | 18.22 | (2,614,568 | ) | 17.08 | ||||||||||||
Canceled |
(2,150,850 | ) | 40.22 | (2,226,170 | ) | 38.45 | (1,976,589 | ) | 36.39 | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at End of Year |
64,383,034 | 36.59 | 69,463,224 | 35.18 | 68,809,804 | 34.89 | |||||||||||||||
Options Exercisable |
52,845,216 | 37.32 | 54,918,181 | 36.79 | 47,337,115 | 37.49 | |||||||||||||||
Weighted Average Fair Value of Options at Grant Date |
$ | 7.31 | $ | 6.13 | $ | 6.24 | |||||||||||||||
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding at 12/31 |
$ | 338 | $ | 189 | $ | 270 | |||||||||||||||
Exercisable at 12/31 |
268 | 144 | 152 |
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2006:
Options Outstanding | Options Exercisable | |||||||||||
Range of Exercise Prices |
Number Outstanding at |
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life |
Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Number Exercisable at 12/31/06 |
Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||||||
$ 17 to 26 |
10,199,372 | 6.0 Years | $ | 23.00 | 10,188,772 | $ | 23.00 | |||||
26 to 31 |
8,734,843 | 5.7 | 29.37 | 5,167,895 | 28.67 | |||||||
31 to 43 |
35,142,094 | 5.3 | 37.72 | 27,182,024 | 38.65 | |||||||
43 to 57 |
10,306,725 | 4.2 | 52.28 | 10,306,525 | 52.28 | |||||||
17 to 57 |
64,383,034 | 5.3 | 36.59 | 52,845,216 | 37.32 | |||||||
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $100 million, $31 million, and $27 million.
As of December 31, 2006, there was $41 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested shares granted under the Option Plans. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.
106
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Cash received from option exercise under the option plans for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, was $217 million, $61 million, and $45 million, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deductions from options exercised totaled $41 million, $11 million, and $9 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004.
13. Income Taxes
Income taxes included in the consolidated statements of income consist of the following:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
Current | Deferred | Total | Current | Deferred | Total | Current | Deferred | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Federal |
$ | (30 | ) | $ | 425 | $ | 395 | $ | 437 | $ | (96 | ) | $ | 341 | $ | 72 | $ | 400 | $ | 472 | |||||||||||
Foreign |
232 | | 232 | 198 | | 198 | 112 | | 112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
State and Local |
94 | (27 | ) | 67 | 55 | 41 | 96 | 20 | (17 | ) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes |
$ | 296 | $ | 398 | $ | 694 | $ | 690 | $ | (55 | ) | $ | 635 | $ | 204 | $ | 383 | $ | 587 | ||||||||||||
The components of income before taxes are as follows:
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Domestic |
$ | 1,582 | $ | 1,712 | $ | 1,725 | |||
Foreign |
588 | 266 | 115 | ||||||
Income Before Taxes |
$ | 2,170 | $ | 1,978 | $ | 1,840 | |||
The Companys net deferred tax liability (included in accrued taxes and other expenses) at December 31 consisted of the following:
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Lease Financings |
$ | 3,298 | $ | 3,202 | $ | 3,427 | ||||||
Depreciation and Amortization |
757 | 549 | 441 | |||||||||
Pension |
237 | 373 | 382 | |||||||||
Discount on Money Market Investment |
122 | 121 | 126 | |||||||||
Securities Valuation |
92 | 31 | 105 | |||||||||
Credit Losses on Loans |
(201 | ) | (251 | ) | (299 | ) | ||||||
Tax Credit Carryovers |
(286 | ) | (390 | ) | (375 | ) | ||||||
Net Operating Loss Carryover |
(323 | ) | (285 | ) | (140 | ) | ||||||
Liabilities not Deducted for Tax |
(175 | ) | (118 | ) | (111 | ) | ||||||
Other Assets |
(175 | ) | (190 | ) | (221 | ) | ||||||
Other Liabilities |
126 | 66 | 99 | |||||||||
Net Deferred Tax Liability |
$ | 3,472 | $ | 3,108 | $ | 3,434 | ||||||
The Company has recorded foreign tax credit carryovers of $225 million, a portion of which will begin to expire in 2012, and general business credit carryovers of $59 million which begin to expire in 2023. The Company has federal net operating loss carryovers of $923 million (for which it has recorded a $323 million tax benefit) related to a separate filing of a group of certain leasing subsidiaries which begin to expire in 2023. The Company has not recorded a valuation allowance because it expects to realize its deferred tax assets including these carryovers.
107
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
As of December 31, 2006, the Company had approximately $223 million of earnings attributable to foreign subsidiaries that have been permanently reinvested abroad and for which no provision has been recorded for income tax that would occur if repatriated. The related unrecognized deferred tax liability is approximately $34 million.
The statutory federal income tax rate is reconciled to the Companys effective income tax rate below:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Federal Rate |
35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | |||
State and Local Income Taxes, Net of Federal Income Tax Benefit |
2.0 | 2.7 | (0.3 | ) | |||||
Nondeductible Expenses |
0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||||||
Credit for Synthetic Fuel Investments |
(1.8 | ) | (2.5 | ) | (1.0 | ) | |||
Credit for Low-Income Housing Investments |
(1.7 | ) | (1.8 | ) | (2.2 | ) | |||
Tax-Exempt Income from Municipal Securities |
(0.1 | ) | (0.2 | ) | (0.2 | ) | |||
Other Tax-Exempt Income |
(1.3 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (1.4 | ) | |||
Foreign Operations |
(0.7 | ) | (0.4 | ) | 0.2 | ||||
Leveraged Lease Portfolio |
| (0.3 | ) | (0.6 | ) | ||||
Tax ReserveLILO Exposure |
0.5 | 0.5 | 2.7 | ||||||
OtherNet |
(0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (0.8 | ) | |||
Effective Rate |
32.0 | % | 32.1 | % | 31.9 | % | |||
The Companys consolidated income tax returns are closed to examination through 1995. Although the Internal Revenue Services (IRS) has completed its examination for 1996 and 1997, at this time a formal revenue agents report has not been received. The IRS is currently examining the Companys consolidated federal income tax return for tax years 1998 through 2002. New York State and New York City return examinations have been completed through 1993. New York State and New York City are currently examining the Companys tax returns for the years 1994 through 1996.
14. Employee Benefit Plans
The Company has defined benefit and defined contribution retirement plans covering substantially all full-time and eligible part-time employees and other postretirement benefit plans providing healthcare benefits for certain retired employees.
Adoption of SFAS 158
On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS 158. This statement required the Company to recognize the funded status of its defined benefit pension and healthcare plans in the December 31, 2006 balance sheet, with a corresponding adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax. The adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income at adoption represents the net unrecognized actuarial losses, unrecognized prior service costs, and unrecognized transition obligation remaining from the initial adoption of SFAS No. 87 (SFAS 87), Employers Accounting for Pensions, and SFAS No. 106 (SFAS 106), Employers Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions, all of which were previously netted against the plans funded status in the Companys consolidated balance sheet pursuant to the provisions of SFAS 87 and SFAS 106. These amounts will be subsequently recognized as net periodic pension cost pursuant to the Companys historical accounting policy for amortizing such amounts. Further, actuarial gains and losses that arise in subsequent periods and are not recognized as net periodic pension cost in the same periods will be recognized as a component of other comprehensive income. Those amounts will be subsequently recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost on the same basis as the amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income at adoption of SFAS 158.
108
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The following table illustrates the incremental effect of adopting the provisions of SFAS 158 on the Companys consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2006. The adoption of SFAS 158 had no impact on the Companys consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2006, or for any prior period presented, and it will not affect the Companys operating results in future periods. Had the Company not been required to adopt SFAS 158 at December 31, 2006, it would have recognized an additional minimum liability pursuant to the provisions of SFAS 87. The effect of recognizing the additional minimum liability is included in table below in the column labeled Prior to Adoption of SFAS 158.
Incremental Effect of Applying SFAS 158
On Individual Line Items of the Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In millions) |
Prior to Adoption of SFAS 158 |
Effect of Adopting SFAS 158 |
As Reported at December 31, 2006 |
|||||||||
Other Assets |
$ | 10,060 | $ | (300 | ) | $ | 9,760 | |||||
Total Assets |
103,670 | (300 | ) | 103,370 | ||||||||
Accrued Taxes and Other Expenses |
5,165 | (36 | ) | 5,129 | ||||||||
Total Liabilities |
91,813 | (36 | ) | 91,777 | ||||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
(53 | ) | (264 | ) | (317 | ) | ||||||
Total Shareholders Equity |
11,857 | (264 | ) | 11,593 |
Included in accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2006 are the following amounts that have not yet recognized in net periodic cost: unrecognized transition asset of $25 million ($15 million net of tax), unrecognized prior service credits of $84 million ($49 million net of tax), and unrecognized actuarial losses of $496 million ($291 million net of tax). The transition obligation, prior service credit, and actuarial loss included in accumulated other comprehensive income and expected to be recognized in net periodic pension cost during the year-ended December 31, 2007 is $4 million ($2 million net of tax), $10 million ($6 million net of tax), and $38 million ($22 million net of tax), respectively.
For 2006 and 2005, the Company used September 30 as the measurement date for plan assets and obligations. For 2008 pension expense, the Company will change the measurement date to December 31, 2007.
109
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Defined Benefit Plans
The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and funded status for September 30, 2006 and 2005:
Pension Benefits | Healthcare Benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic | Foreign | Domestic | Foreign | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in Benefit Obligation |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligation at Beginning of Period |
$ | (963 | ) | $ | (969 | ) | $ | (227 | ) | $ | (172 | ) | $ | (185 | ) | $ | (153 | ) | $ | (8 | ) | $ | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Plan Amendments |
| 114 | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Service Cost |
(49 | ) | (64 | ) | (9 | ) | (9 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Cost |
(53 | ) | (55 | ) | (11 | ) | (9 | ) | (10 | ) | (9 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Employee Contributions |
| | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial Gain/ (Loss) |
136 | (30 | ) | 2 | (44 | ) | 3 | (37 | ) | 1 | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Curtailment Gain/ (Loss) |
(4 | ) | | 2 | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefits Paid |
66 | 41 | 4 | 4 | 17 | 14 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Exchange Adjustment |
N/A | N/A | (14 | ) | 4 | N/A | N/A | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligation at End of Period |
(867 | ) | (963 | ) | (254 | ) | (227 | ) | (175 | ) | (185 | ) | (8 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Change in Plan Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value at Beginning of Period |
1,333 | 1,240 | 219 | 149 | 65 | 62 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Actual Return on Plan Assets |
143 | 132 | 23 | 23 | 3 | 3 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employer Contributions |
15 | 2 | 13 | 53 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee Contributions |
| | 1 | 1 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit Payments |
(66 | ) | (41 | ) | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Exchange Adjustment |
N/A | N/A | 13 | (3 | ) | N/A | N/A | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value at End of Period |
1,425 | 1,333 | 265 | 219 | 68 | 65 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Funded Status at End of Period |
558 | 370 | 11 | (8 | ) | (107 | ) | (120 | ) | (8 | ) | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized Net Transition (Asset)/ Obligation |
N/A | | N/A | | N/A | 38 | N/A | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized Prior Service Cost |
N/A | (113 | ) | N/A | | N/A | | N/A | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized Net (Gain)/Loss |
N/A | 587 | N/A | 73 | N/A | 95 | N/A | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additional Liability |
N/A | | N/A | (2 | ) | N/A | | N/A | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Amount Recognized |
N/A | $ | 844 | N/A | $ | 63 | N/A | $ | 13 | N/A | $ | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter Activity, Net |
4 | | 4 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Funded Status at Year-End |
$ | 562 | $ | 11 | $ | (103 | ) | $ | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses are amortized over the future service period (11 years) of active employees if they exceed a threshold amount. The Company currently has unrecognized losses, which are being amortized.
Amounts recognized in the Companys consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2006 and 2005 consist of:
Pension Benefits | Healthcare Benefits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic | Foreign | Domestic | Foreign | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid Benefit Cost |
$ | 610 | $ | 903 | $ | 25 | $ | 73 | $ | | $ | 13 | $ | | $ | | |||||||||||||||
Accrued Benefit Cost |
(52 | ) | (59 | ) | (14 | ) | (10 | ) | (107 | ) | | (8 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
$ | 558 | $ | 844 | $ | 11 | $ | 63 | $ | (107 | ) | $ | 13 | $ | (8 | ) | $ | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||
110
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit plans was $1,048 million at September 30, 2006 and $1,080 million at September 30, 2005.
The following table contains information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets at December 31:
Domestic | Foreign | |||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||
Projected Benefit Obligation |
$ | 52 | $ | 61 | $ | 13 | $ | 13 | ||||
Accumulated Benefit Obligation |
49 | 59 | 12 | 11 | ||||||||
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
| | 1 | 1 |
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
Net periodic benefit cost included the following components:
Pension Benefits | Healthcare Benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic | Foreign | Domestic | Foreign | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Periodic Cost (Income): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Service Cost |
$ | 49 | $ | 64 | $ | 47 | $ | 9 | $ | 9 | $ | 9 | $ | | $ | | $ | 1 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Cost |
53 | 55 | 50 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expected Return on Asset |
(100 | ) | (120 | ) | (132 | ) | (15 | ) | (11 | ) | (11 | ) | (5 | ) | (5 | ) | (6 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Curtailment (Gain)/ Loss |
(11 | ) | | | | | | 8 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
35 | 18 | 4 | 7 | 2 | | 12 | 8 | 7 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Periodic Cost (Income)(1) |
$ | 26 | $ | 17 | $ | (31 | ) | $ | 12 | $ | 9 | $ | 7 | $ | 25 | $ | 12 | $ | 10 | $ | 1 | $ | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Pension benefits expense includes discontinued operations expense of $6 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004. |
Plan Assumptions
Pension Benefits | Healthcare Benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic | Foreign | Domestic | Foreign | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Market-Related Value of Plan Assets at Beginning Period |
$ | 1,324 | $ | 1,502 | $ | 252 | $ | 219 | $ | 72 | $ | 70 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Discount Rate |
6.00 | % | 5.88 | % | 4.95 | % | 4.90 | % | 6.00 | % | 5.88 | % | 5.00 | % | 5.00 | % | ||||||||||||||
Expected Rate of Return |
8.00 | 7.88 | 6.40 | 6.70 | 8.00 | 7.25 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate of Compensation Increase |
3.75 | 3.75 | 4.46 | 4.20 |
The Companys expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is based on anticipated returns for each asset class. Anticipated returns are weighted for the target allocation for each asset class. Anticipated returns are based on forecasts for prospective returns in the equity and fixed income markets, which should track the long-term historical returns for these markets. The Company also considers the growth outlook for U.S. and global economies, as well as current and prospective interest rates.
For additional information on pension assumptions see Critical Accounting Policies in the MD&A section.
111
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Assumed Healthcare Cost Trend
Domestic Healthcare Benefits
The assumed healthcare cost trend rate used in determining benefit expense for 2006 is 9.7% decreasing to 5.0% in 2013. This projection is based on various economic models that forecast a decreasing growth rate of healthcare expenses over time. The underlying assumption is that healthcare expense growth cannot outpace gross national product (GNP) growth indefinitely, and over time a lower equilibrium growth rate will be achieved. Further, the growth rate assumed in 2013 bears a reasonable relationship to the discount rate.
An increase in the healthcare cost trend rate of one percentage point for each year would increase the postretirement benefit obligation by $14.6 million, or 8.3%, and the sum of the service and interest costs by $0.9 million, or 8.4%. Conversely, a decrease in this rate of one percentage point for each year would decrease the benefit obligation by $12.6 million, or 7.2%, and the sum of the service and interest costs by $0.8 million, or 7.2%.
Foreign Healthcare Benefits
An increase in the healthcare cost trend rate of one percentage point for each year would increase the postretirement benefit obligation by $2.1 million, or 24%, and the sum of the service and interest costs by $0.2 million, or 26%. Conversely, a decrease in this rate of one percentage point for each year would decrease the benefit obligation by $1.7 million, or 18%, and the sum of the service and interest costs by $0.2 million, or 20%.
Investment Strategy and Asset Allocation
The Companys investment objective for its U.S. and foreign plans is to maximize total return while maintaining a broadly diversified plan. Equities are the main holding including the Companys common stock as well as private equities. The Company has committed to fund additional private equities, which, when the commitments are drawn upon, will bring the Companys actual allocation for private equities closer to its target of 8%. Alternative investments and fixed income securities provide diversification and lower the volatility of returns.
The Companys pension assets were invested as follows at September 30:
Actual Allocation | Target Allocation | |||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||
Domestic | Foreign | Domestic | Foreign | Domestic | Foreign | |||||||||||||
Equities |
69 | % | 54 | % | 69 | % | 60 | % | 51 | % | 52 | % | ||||||
Fixed Income |
19 | 38 | 22 | 40 | 24 | 45 | ||||||||||||
Alternative Investment |
7 | | 5 | | 10 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Private Equities |
3 | | 2 | | 8 | | ||||||||||||
Real Estate |
| | | | 7 | | ||||||||||||
Cash |
2 | 8 | 2 | | | | ||||||||||||
Total Plan Assets |
100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||
Included in the domestic plan assets above were 4.2 million shares of the Companys common stock with a fair value of $150 million and $125 million on September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, representing 11% of 2006 plan assets and 9% of 2005 plan assets. In October 2006, the Company purchased 2.1 million shares of its common stock from its main domestic pension plan. The remaining 2.1 million shares had a fair value of $84 million as of December 31, 2006. Assets of the U.S. postretirement healthcare plan are invested in an insurance contract.
112
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Expected Contributions for the Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2007
The Company estimates that the contributions it will make in 2007 to fund its pension plans will be $5.5 million for the domestic plans and $6.3 million for the foreign plans.
Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following table shows the expected future benefit payments for the next 10 years:
(In millions) | Pension Benefits | Healthcare Benefits | ||||||||||
Year |
Domestic | Foreign | Domestic | Foreign | ||||||||
2007 |
$ | 132 | $ | 4 | $ | 15 | $ | | ||||
2008 |
66 | 5 | 16 | | ||||||||
2009 |
72 | 5 | 16 | | ||||||||
2010 |
73 | 6 | 16 | | ||||||||
2011 |
81 | 6 | 15 | | ||||||||
2012-2016 |
395 | 47 | 62 | 2 | ||||||||
$ | 819 | $ | 73 | $ | 140 | $ | 2 | |||||
Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) covering certain domestic full-time employees with more than one year of service. The ESOP works in conjunction with the Companys defined benefit pension plan. Employees are entitled to the higher of their benefit under the ESOP or the defined benefit pension plan. If the benefit under the pension plan is higher, the employees share of the ESOP is contributed to the pension plan. Contributions are made equal to required principal and interest payments on borrowings by the ESOP. At September 30, 2006 and 2005, the ESOP owned 10.5 million and 10.9 million shares of the Companys stock, respectively. The fair value of total ESOP assets were $375 million and $326 million at September 30, 2006 and 2005. Contributions were approximately $3.3 million in 2006, $2.1 million in 2005 and $0.2 million in 2004. ESOP related expense was $3 million, $2 million and $3 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004.
The Company has defined contribution plans, excluding the ESOP, for which it recognized a cost of $62 million in 2006, $58 million in 2005, and $60 million in 2004.
15. Company Financial Information
The Bank of New York, the Companys primary banking subsidiary, and its other U.S. bank subsidiaries are subject to dividend limitations under the Federal Reserve Act and state banking laws. Under these statutes, prior regulatory approval is required for dividends in any year that would exceed the Banks net profits for such year combined with retained net profits for the prior two years. The Bank is also prohibited from paying a dividend in excess of undivided profits.
Under the first and more significant of these limitations, the Bank could declare dividends of approximately $791 million in 2007 plus net profits earned in the remainder of 2007.
The Federal Reserve Board can also prohibit a dividend if payment would constitute an unsafe or unsound banking practice. The Federal Reserve Board generally considers that a banks dividends should not exceed earnings from continuing operations.
The Companys capital ratios and discussion of related regulatory requirements are incorporated by reference from Capital Resources in the MD&A section.
113
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The Federal Reserve Act limits and requires collateral for extensions of credit by the Companys insured subsidiary banks to the Company and certain of its non-bank affiliates. Also, there are restrictions on the amounts of investments by such banks in stock and other securities of the Company and such affiliates, and restrictions on the acceptance of their securities as collateral for loans by such banks. Extensions of credit by the banks to each of the Company and such affiliates are limited to 10% of such banks regulatory capital, and in the aggregate for the Company and all such affiliates to 20%, and collateral must be between 100% and 130% of the amount of the credit, depending on the type of collateral.
The insured subsidiary banks of the Company are required to maintain reserve balances with Federal Reserve Banks under the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation D. Required balances averaged $112 million and $119 million for the years 2006 and 2005.
In addition, under the National Bank Act, if the capital stock of a national bank, such as The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., is impaired by losses or otherwise, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the OCC), a bureau of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, is authorized to require payment of the deficiency by assessment upon the banks shareholders, pro rata, and to the extent necessary, if any such assessment is not paid by any shareholder after three months notice, to sell the stock of such shareholder to make good the deficiency.
The Parent companys condensed financial statements are as follows:
Balance Sheets
December 31, | ||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | ||||
Assets |
||||||
Cash and Due from Banks |
$ | 908 | $ | 791 | ||
Securities |
74 | 18 | ||||
Loans |
401 | 91 | ||||
Investment in and Advances to Subsidiaries and Associated Companies |
||||||
Banks |
11,912 | 10,846 | ||||
Other |
9,843 | 8,395 | ||||
21,755 | 19,241 | |||||
Other Assets |
177 | 170 | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 23,315 | $ | 20,311 | ||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||
Other Borrowed Funds |
$ | 224 | $ | 85 | ||
Due to Non-Bank Subsidiaries |
2,657 | 2,723 | ||||
Other Liabilities |
889 | 383 | ||||
Long-Term Debt |
7,952 | 7,244 | ||||
Total Liabilities |
11,722 | 10,435 | ||||
Shareholders Equity* |
||||||
Preferred |
| | ||||
Common |
11,593 | 9,876 | ||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 23,315 | $ | 20,311 | ||
* | See Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity. |
114
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Statements of Income
For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Operating Income |
||||||||||||
Dividends from Subsidiaries |
||||||||||||
Banks |
$ | 2,076 | $ | 862 | $ | 1,189 | ||||||
Other |
687 | 108 | 73 | |||||||||
Interest from Subsidiaries |
||||||||||||
Banks |
92 | 104 | 154 | |||||||||
Other |
197 | 142 | 81 | |||||||||
Other |
(25 | ) | 24 | 23 | ||||||||
Total |
3,027 | 1,240 | 1,520 | |||||||||
Operating Expenses |
||||||||||||
Interest (including $127 in 2006, $81 in 2005, and $34 in 2004 to subsidiaries) |
546 | 340 | 169 | |||||||||
Other |
35 | 63 | 5 | |||||||||
Total |
581 | 403 | 174 | |||||||||
Income Before Income Taxes and |
2,446 | 837 | 1,346 | |||||||||
Income Tax Expense/(Benefit) |
(122 | ) | (58 | ) | 29 | |||||||
Income Before Equity in Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiaries |
2,568 | 895 | 1,317 | |||||||||
Equity in Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiaries |
||||||||||||
Banks |
559 | 411 | (15 | ) | ||||||||
Other |
(116 | ) | 265 | 138 | ||||||||
Total |
443 | 676 | 123 | |||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 3,011 | $ | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | ||||||
115
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Operating Activities |
||||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 3,011 | $ | 1,571 | $ | 1,440 | ||||||
Adjustments to Determine Net Cash Attributable to Operating Activities: |
||||||||||||
Amortization |
17 | 30 | 15 | |||||||||
Equity in Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiaries |
(443 | ) | (676 | ) | (123 | ) | ||||||
Change in Interest Receivable |
(7 | ) | | | ||||||||
Change in Interest Payable |
15 | 25 | 5 | |||||||||
Change in Taxes Payable |
595 | 23 | (53 | ) | ||||||||
Other, Net |
(144 | ) | (7 | ) | 58 | |||||||
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities |
3,044 | 966 | 1,342 | |||||||||
Investing Activities |
||||||||||||
Purchases of Securities |
(61 | ) | (18 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||
Sales of Securities |
8 | | 3 | |||||||||
Change in Loans |
(310 | ) | (61 | ) | 9 | |||||||
Acquisition of, Investment in, and Advances to Subsidiaries |
(2,367 | ) | (2,093 | ) | (232 | ) | ||||||
Other, Net |
125 | 15 | 4 | |||||||||
Net Cash Used by Investing Activities |
(2,605 | ) | (2,157 | ) | (219 | ) | ||||||
Financing Activities |
||||||||||||
Change in Other Borrowed Funds |
139 | (168 | ) | 180 | ||||||||
Proceeds from the Issuance of Long-Term Debt |
974 | 1,778 | 209 | |||||||||
Repayments of Long-Term Debt |
(258 | ) | (202 | ) | (476 | ) | ||||||
Change in Advances from Subsidiaries |
(66 | ) | 236 | 225 | ||||||||
Issuance of Common Stock |
428 | 243 | 227 | |||||||||
Treasury Stock Acquired |
(883 | ) | (417 | ) | (119 | ) | ||||||
Cash Dividends Paid |
(656 | ) | (644 | ) | (608 | ) | ||||||
Stock Rights Redemption |
| (39 | ) | | ||||||||
Net Cash Provided (Used) by Financing Activities |
(322 | ) | 787 | (362 | ) | |||||||
Change in Cash and Due from Banks |
117 | (404 | ) | 761 | ||||||||
Cash and Due from Banks at Beginning of Year |
791 | 1,195 | 434 | |||||||||
Cash and Due from Banks at End of Year |
$ | 908 | $ | 791 | $ | 1,195 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information |
||||||||||||
Cash Paid During the Year for: |
||||||||||||
Interest |
$ | 530 | $ | 314 | $ | 168 | ||||||
Income Taxes |
430 | 658 | 96 |
116
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
16. Other Noninterest Income and Expense
In 2006, other noninterest income included a pre-tax gain of $35 million related to the conversion of the Companys New York Stock Exchange seats into cash and shares of NYSE Group, Inc. common stock, some of which were sold. In 2006, other noninterest expense included a $22 million transition services expense related to the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. In 2005, other noninterest income included a $17 million gain on the sale of Companys interest in Financial Models Companies, Inc. In 2004, other noninterest income included a pre-tax gain of $48 million from the sale of a portion of the Companys investment in Wing Hang.
Other noninterest income includes equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries of $50 million, $44 million, and $43 million in 2006, 2005, and 2004.
17. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of the Companys financial instruments (i.e., monetary assets and liabilities) are determined under different accounting methodssee Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The following disclosure discusses these instruments on a uniform fair value basis. However, active markets do not exist for a significant portion of these instruments, principally loans and commitments. As a result, fair value determinations require significant subjective judgments regarding future cash flows. Other judgments would result in different fair values. Among the assumptions used by the Company are discount rates ranging principally from 5% to 8% at December 31, 2006 and 4% to 7% at December 31, 2005. The fair value information supplements the basic financial statements and other traditional financial data presented throughout this report.
A summary of the practices used for determining fair value is as follows.
Interestbearing Deposits in Banks
The fair value of interestbearing deposits in banks is based on discounted cash flows.
Securities, Trading Activities, and Derivatives Used for ALM
The fair value of securities and trading assets and liabilities is based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes, or pricing models. Fair value amounts for derivative instruments, such as options, futures and forward rate contracts, commitments to purchase and sell foreign exchange, and foreign currency swaps, are similarly determined. The fair value of interest rate swaps is the amount that would be received or paid to terminate the agreement.
Loans and Commitments
For certain categories of consumer loans, fair value includes consideration of the quoted market prices for securities backed by similar loans. Discounted future cash flows and secondary market values are used to determine the fair value of other types of loans. The fair value of commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, and commercial letters of credit is based upon the cost to settle the commitment.
Other Financial Assets
Fair value is assumed to equal carrying value for these assets due to their short maturity.
Deposits, Borrowings, and Long-Term Debt
The fair value of noninterest-bearing deposits and payables to customers and broker-dealers is assumed to be their carrying amount. The fair value of interest-bearing deposits, borrowings, and long-term debt is based upon current rates for instruments of the same remaining maturity or quoted market prices for the same or similar issues.
117
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Companys financial instruments are as follows:
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||
(In millions) |
Carrying Amount |
Fair Value |
Carrying Amount |
Fair Value | ||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||
Interest-Bearing Deposits in Banks |
$ | 13,172 | $ | 13,163 | $ | 8,644 | $ | 8,640 | ||||
Securities |
21,856 | 22,332 | 28,027 | 28,244 | ||||||||
Trading Assets |
5,544 | 5,544 | 5,930 | 5,930 | ||||||||
Loans and Commitments |
31,995 | 32,209 | 27,066 | 27,261 | ||||||||
Derivatives Used for ALM |
87 | 141 | 116 | 180 | ||||||||
Other Financial Assets |
10,309 | 10,309 | 6,433 | 6,433 | ||||||||
Total Financial Assets |
82,963 | $ | 83,698 | 76,216 | $ | 76,688 | ||||||
Non-Financial Assets |
20,389 | 17,094 | ||||||||||
Assets of Discontinued Operations Held-for-Sale |
18 | 8,808 | ||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 103,370 | $ | 102,118 | ||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Noninterest-Bearing Deposits |
$ | 19,554 | $ | 19,554 | $ | 12,706 | $ | 12,706 | ||||
Interest-Bearing Deposits |
42,592 | 42,600 | 37,081 | 37,081 | ||||||||
Payables to Customers and Broker-Dealers |
7,266 | 7,266 | 8,623 | 8,623 | ||||||||
Borrowings |
2,481 | 2,481 | 1,784 | 1,784 | ||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
8,773 | 8,706 | 7,817 | 7,820 | ||||||||
Trading Liabilities |
2,507 | 2,507 | 2,401 | 2,401 | ||||||||
Derivatives Used for ALM |
134 | 117 | 117 | 94 | ||||||||
Total Financial Liabilities |
83,307 | $ | 83,231 | 70,529 | $ | 70,509 | ||||||
Non-Financial Liabilities |
8,406 | 7,032 | ||||||||||
Liabilities of Discontinued Operations Held-for-Sale |
64 | 14,681 | ||||||||||
Total Liabilities |
$ | 91,777 | $ | 92,242 | ||||||||
The table below summarizes the carrying amount of the hedged financial instruments and the related notional amount of the hedge and estimated fair value (unrealized gain/(loss)) of the derivatives that were linked to these items:
Unrealized | |||||||||||||
(In millions) |
Carrying Amount |
Notional Amount |
Gain | (Loss) | |||||||||
At December 31, 2006 |
|||||||||||||
Loans |
$ | 43 | $ | 43 | $ | | $ | | |||||
Securities Held-for-Sale |
493 | 428 | 34 | (5 | ) | ||||||||
Deposits |
1,528 | 1,530 | 27 | (2 | ) | ||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
6,130 | 6,238 | 80 | (110 | ) | ||||||||
At December 31, 2005 |
|||||||||||||
Loans |
$ | 410 | $ | 416 | $ | 7 | $ | (3 | ) | ||||
Securities Held-for-Sale |
514 | 433 | 41 | (8 | ) | ||||||||
Deposits |
1,232 | 1,238 | 7 | | |||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
5,068 | 5,102 | 125 | (83 | ) |
118
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The following table illustrates the notional amount, remaining contracts outstanding, and weighted average rates for derivative hedging contracts:
Total 12/31/06 |
Remaining Contracts Outstanding at December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||
Receive Fixed Interest Rate Swaps: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional Amount |
$ | 7,293 | $ | 5,898 | $ | 5,582 | $ | 4,315 | $ | 4,298 | $ | 4,025 | ||||||||||||
Weighted Average Rate |
5.39 | % | 5.46 | % | 5.73 | % | 5.88 | % | 5.82 | % | 5.83 | % | ||||||||||||
Pay Fixed Interest Rate Swaps: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional Amount |
$ | 946 | $ | 663 | $ | 234 | $ | 212 | $ | 205 | $ | | ||||||||||||
Weighted Average Rate |
5.64 | % | 5.65 | % | 5.91 | % | 6.34 | % | 6.35 | % | N/A | |||||||||||||
Forward LIBOR Rate (1) |
5.36 | % | 4.93 | % | 4.83 | % | 4.92 | % | 5.02 | % | 5.09 | % |
(1) | The forward LIBOR rate shown above reflects the implied forward yield curve for that index at December 31, 2006. However, actual repricings for ALM interest rate swaps are generally based on 3-month LIBOR. |
The Companys financial assets and liabilities are primarily variable rate instruments except for investment securities. Fixed-rate loans and deposits are issued to satisfy customer and investor needs. Derivative financial instruments are utilized to manage exposure to the effect of interest rate changes on fixed-rate assets and liabilities, and to enhance liquidity. The Company matches the duration of derivatives to that of the assets and liabilities being hedged, so that changes in fair value resulting from changes in interest rates will be offset.
The Company uses interest rate swaps, futures contracts, and forward rate agreements to convert fixed-rate loans, deposits, and long-term debt to floating rates. Basis swaps are used to convert various variable rate borrowings to LIBOR which better matches the assets funded by the borrowings.
The Company uses forward foreign exchange contracts to protect the value of its investments in foreign subsidiaries. The after-tax effects are shown in the cumulative translation adjustment included in shareholders equity. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, foreign exchange contracts in a net notional amount of $1,744 million and $1,636 million, with fair values of $(35) million and $24 million, hedged corresponding amounts of foreign
investments. These foreign exchange contracts had a maturity of less than six months at December 31, 2006. In 2006, the Company hedged its $33 million net investment in an affiliate with a non-derivative financial instrument. In addition, at December 31, 2006, foreign exchange contracts with notional amounts of $107 million and maturities of less than one year hedged corresponding amounts of foreign currency denominated forecasted transactions; the fair value of these contracts was $ 4 million.
Deferred net gains or losses on ALM derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2006 were a credit of $12 million and a credit of $14 million at December 31, 2005.
Net interest income increased by $3 million in 2006, $95 million in 2005, and $163 million in 2004 as a result of ALM derivative financial instruments.
A discussion of the credit, market, and liquidity risks inherent in financial instruments is presented under Liquidity, Market Risk Management, Trading Activities and Risk Management, and Asset/Liability Management in the unaudited MD&A section and in the Trading Activities and Commitments and Contingent Liabilities in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
119
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
18. Trading Activities
The following table shows the fair value of the Companys financial instruments that are held for trading purposes:
2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | Assets | Liabilities | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trading Account |
12/31 | Average | 12/31 | Average | 12/31 | Average | 12/31 | Average | ||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Contracts: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Futures and Forward Contracts |
$ | | $ | 15 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Swaps |
1,390 | 1,637 | 951 | 1,088 | 1,438 | 1,635 | 635 | 843 | ||||||||||||||||
Written Options |
| | 764 | 961 | | | 1,184 | 1,253 | ||||||||||||||||
Purchased Options |
208 | 190 | | | 191 | 187 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign Exchange Contracts: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Written Options |
| | 115 | 84 | | | 51 | 64 | ||||||||||||||||
Purchased Options |
79 | 134 | | | 68 | 113 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Commitments to Purchase and Sell Foreign Exchange |
301 | 310 | 259 | 355 | 294 | 385 | 316 | 399 | ||||||||||||||||
Debt Securities |
3,338 | 3,560 | 140 | 238 | 3,846 | 3,512 | 164 | 171 | ||||||||||||||||
Credit Derivatives |
2 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||
Equities |
226 | 146 | 269 | 148 | 92 | 174 | 45 | 129 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Trading Account |
$ | 5,544 | $ | 5,994 | $ | 2,507 | $ | 2,883 | $ | 5,930 | $ | 6,007 | $ | 2,401 | $ | 2,866 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange and other trading income included the following:
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||
Foreign Exchange |
$ | 304 | $ | 266 | $ | 247 | |||||
Interest Rate Contracts |
25 | 22 | 3 | ||||||||
Debt Securities |
75 | 67 | 66 | ||||||||
Credit Derivatives |
(8 | ) | (2 | ) | 2 | ||||||
Equities |
29 | 26 | 35 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 425 | $ | 379 | $ | 353 | |||||
Foreign exchange includes income from purchasing and selling foreign exchange, futures, and options. Interest rate contracts reflect results from futures and forward contracts, interest rate swaps, foreign currency swaps, and options. Debt securities primarily reflect income from fixed income securities. Credit derivatives include revenue from credit default swaps. Equities include income from equity securities and equity derivatives.
The following table of total daily revenue or loss captures trading volatility and shows the number of days in which the Companys trading revenues fell within particular ranges during the past year.
Distribution of Revenues(1)
For the Quarter Ended | ||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | 12/31/06 | 9/30/06 | 6/30/06 | 3/31/06 | 12/31/05 | |||||
Revenue Range |
Number of Occurrences | |||||||||
Less than $(2.5) |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
$(2.5) ~ $ 0 |
4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | |||||
$ 0 ~ $ 2.5 |
45 | 52 | 39 | 40 | 44 | |||||
$ 2.5 ~ $ 5.0 |
11 | 8 | 21 | 18 | 14 | |||||
More than $5.0 |
2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
(1) | Based on revenues before deducting share of joint venture partner, Susquehanna Trading. |
120
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
19. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
In the normal course of business, various commitments and contingent liabilities are outstanding which are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Management does not expect any material losses to result from these matters.
The Companys significant trading and off-balance sheet risks are securities, foreign currency and interest rate risk management products, commercial lending commitments, letters of credit, and securities lending indemnifications. The Company assumes these risks to reduce interest rate and foreign currency risks, to provide customers with the ability to meet credit and liquidity needs, to hedge foreign currency and interest rate risks, and to trade for its own account. These items involve, to varying degrees, credit, foreign exchange, and interest rate risk not recognized in the balance sheet. The Companys off-balance sheet risks are managed and monitored in manners similar to those used for on-balance sheet risks. There are no significant industry concentrations of such risks.
A summary of the notional amount of the Companys off-balance sheet credit transactions, net of participations, at December 31, 2006 and 2005 follows:
off-balance sheet Credit Risks
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | ||||
Lending Commitments |
$ | 37,364 | $ | 33,407 | ||
Standby Letters of Credit |
10,902 | 9,873 | ||||
Commercial Letters of Credit |
1,195 | 1,122 | ||||
Securities Lending Indemnifications |
398,675 | 310,970 |
The total potential loss on undrawn commitments, standby and commercial letters of credit, and securities lending indemnifications is equal to the total notional amount if drawn upon, which does not consider the value of any collateral. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The allowance for lending-related commitments at December 31, 2006 and 2005 was $150 million and $144 million.
A securities lending transaction is a fully collateralized transaction in which the owner of a security agrees to lend the security through an agent (the Company) to a borrower, usually a broker/dealer or bank, on an open, overnight or term basis, under the terms of a prearranged contract, which generally matures in less than 90 days. The Company generally lends securities with indemnification against broker default. The Company generally requires the borrower to provide 102% cash collateral which is monitored on a daily basis, thus reducing credit risk. Security lending transactions are generally entered into only with highly-rated counterparties. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, securities lending indemnifications were secured by collateral of $405.5 billion and $317.4 billion.
Standby letters of credit principally support corporate obligations and include $1.0 billion and $0.6 billion that were collateralized with cash and securities at December 31, 2006 and 2005. At December 31, 2006, approximately $7.2 billion of the standbys will expire within one year, and the balance between one to five years.
The notional amounts for other off-balance sheet risks express the dollar volume of the transactions; however, credit risk is much smaller. The Company performs credit reviews and enters into netting agreements to minimize the credit risk of foreign currency and interest rate risk management products. The Company enters into offsetting positions to reduce exposure to foreign exchange and interest rate risk.
121
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
At December 31, 2006, approximately $248 billion of interest rate contracts will mature within one year, $364 billion between one and five years, and the balance after five years. At December 31, 2006, approximately $113 billion of foreign exchange contracts will mature within one year and $2 billion between one and five years, and the balance after five years. There were no derivative financial instruments on nonperforming status at year-end 2006.
Use of derivative financial instruments involves reliance on counterparties. Failure of a counterparty to honor its obligation under a derivative contract is a risk the Company assumes whenever it engages in a derivative contract.
A summary of the notional amount and credit exposure of the Companys derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2006 and 2005 follows:
Notional Amount | Credit Exposure | |||||||||||||
(In millions) |
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Interest Rate Contracts: |
||||||||||||||
Futures and Forward Contracts |
$ | 60,986 | $ | 40,163 | $ | 1 | $ | 5 | ||||||
Swaps |
322,024 | 256,045 | 3,255 | 3,896 | ||||||||||
Written Options |
199,788 | 218,997 | 7 | 8 | ||||||||||
Purchased Options |
183,855 | 179,964 | 641 | 837 | ||||||||||
Foreign Exchange Contracts: |
||||||||||||||
Swaps |
2,572 | 3,130 | 112 | 156 | ||||||||||
Written Options |
9,596 | 6,042 | 9 | 1 | ||||||||||
Purchased Options |
10,892 | 7,723 | 141 | 100 | ||||||||||
Commitments to Purchase and Sell Foreign Exchange |
93,920 | 77,448 | 602 | 632 | ||||||||||
Equity Derivatives: |
||||||||||||||
Futures and Forwards |
326 | 339 | 5 | 1 | ||||||||||
Written Options |
10,023 | 2,073 | 1 | 14 | ||||||||||
Purchased Options |
6,755 | 2,011 | 236 | 97 | ||||||||||
Credit Derivatives: |
||||||||||||||
Beneficiary |
1,688 | 1,099 | 2 | | ||||||||||
Guarantor |
| 370 | | | ||||||||||
5,012 | 5,747 | |||||||||||||
Effect of Master Netting Agreements |
(4,215 | ) | (4,843 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Credit Exposure |
$ | 797 | $ | 904 | ||||||||||
122
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Operating Leases
Net rent expense for premises and equipment was $180 million in 2006, $181 million in 2005, and $161 million in 2004.
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company was obligated under various noncancelable lease agreements, some of which provide for additional rents based upon real estate taxes, insurance, and maintenance and for various renewal options. The minimum rental commitments under noncancelable operating leases for premises and equipment having a term of more than one year from December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 are as follows:
(In millions) | ||||||
Year After December 31, |
2006 | 2005 | ||||
First |
$ | 141 | $ | 155 | ||
Second |
137 | 145 | ||||
Third |
128 | 110 | ||||
Fourth |
122 | 86 | ||||
Fifth |
112 | 75 | ||||
Thereafter |
727 | 412 | ||||
Total Minimum Lease Payments |
$ | 1,367 | $ | 983 | ||
Other
The Company has provided standard representations for underwriting agreements, acquisition and divestiture agreements, sales of loans and commitments, and other similar types of arrangements and customary indemnification for claims and legal proceedings related to its provision of financial services. Insurance has been purchased to mitigate certain of these risks. The Company is a minority equity investor in, and member of, several industry clearing or settlement exchanges through which foreign exchange, securities, or other transactions settle. Certain of these industry clearing or settlement exchanges require their members to guarantee their obligations and liabilities or to provide financial support in the event other partners do not honor their obligations. It is not possible to estimate a maximum potential amount of payments that could be required with such agreements.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company makes certain investments that have tax consequences. From time to time, the IRS may question or challenge the tax position taken by the Company. The Company engaged in certain types of structured cross-border leveraged leasing investments, referred to as LILOs, prior to mid-1999 that the IRS has challenged. In 2004, the IRS proposed adjustments to the Companys tax treatment of these transactions. On February 28, 2006, the Company settled this matter with the IRS relating to LILO transactions closed in 1996 and 1997. The settlement did not affect 2006 net income, as the impact of the settlement was fully reserved.
The Companys 1998 leveraged lease transactions are in a subsequent audit cycle and were not part of the settlement. The Company believes that a comparable settlement for 1998 may be possible, given the similarity between these leases and the settled leases. However, negotiations are ongoing and the treatment of the 1998 leases may still be litigated if an acceptable settlement cannot be reached. Under current U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, if the 1998 leases are settled on a basis comparable to the 1996 and 1997 leases, the Company would not expect the settlement of the 1998 leases to have an impact on net income, based on existing reserves.
In the fourth quarter of 2005 the Company deposited funds with the IRS in anticipation of reaching a settlement on all of its LILO investments.
123
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
On February 11, 2005, the IRS released Notice 2005-13, which identified certain lease investments known as SILOs as potentially subject to IRS challenge. The Company believes that certain of its lease investments entered into prior to 2004 may be consistent with transactions described in the notice. Although it is likely the IRS will challenge the tax benefits associated with these leases in 2007, the Company remains confident that its tax treatment of the leases complied with statutory, administrative and judicial authority existing at the time they were entered into.
In 2001 and 2002, the Company entered into various structured transactions that involved, among other things, the payment of UK corporate income taxes that were credited against the Companys U.S. corporate income tax liability. The IRS is currently reviewing these transactions and it is likely that some or all of the credits will be challenged upon completion of the review. If necessary the Company will vigorously defend its position and believes that any tax benefits associated with these transactions were consistent with the applicable statutory, judicial and administrative authority.
The Company currently believes it has adequate tax reserves to cover its LILO exposure and any other potential tax exposures, based on a probability assessment of various potential outcomes. Probabilities and outcomes are reviewed as events unfold, and adjustments to the reserves are made when appropriate.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are routinely defendants in or parties to a number of pending and potential legal actions, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants, and regulatory matters. Claims for significant monetary damages are asserted in certain of these actions and proceedings. Due to the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, the Company cannot ascertain what the eventual outcome of these matters will be; however, based on current knowledge and after consultation with legal counsel, the Company does not believe that judgments or settlements, if any, arising from pending or potential legal actions or regulatory matters, either individually or in the aggregate, after giving effect to applicable reserves, will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or liquidity of the Company although they could have a material effect on net income for a given period. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously against all of the claims asserted in these legal actions.
See discussion of contingent legal matters in the Legal and Regulatory Proceedings section.
124
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
The Bank of New York Company, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, The Bank of New York Company, Inc. changed its method of accounting for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as of December 31, 2006, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 158, Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of The Bank of New York Company Inc.s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 21, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
February 21, 2007
125
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS PURSUANT TO
SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
(Mark One)
x | Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
¨ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-06152
THE BANK OF NEW YORK COMPANY, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
New York | 13-2614959 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
One Wall Street, New York, NY | 10286 | |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) |
(212) 495-1784
(Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class |
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Common Stock | New York Stock Exchange | |
6.88% Preferred Trust Securities, Series E | New York Stock Exchange | |
5.95% Preferred Trust Securities, Series F | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
7.97% Capital Securities, Series B
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No x
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates (persons other than directors and executive officers) computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold as of the last business day of the Registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 30, 2006) was $24,561,507,370.
The number of shares of the Registrants Common Stock outstanding on January 31, 2007, was 756,900,963.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
This Annual Report and Form 10-K incorporates into a single document the requirements of the accounting profession and the Securities and Exchange Commission. Only those sections of the Annual Report referenced in the following cross-reference index and the information under the caption Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors are incorporated in the Form 10-K. Portions of Registrants Proxy Statement for its 2007 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on April 10, 2007 are incorporated by reference in the Annual Report on Form 10-K in response to Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.
126
The following sections of the Annual Report set forth in the cross-reference index are incorporated in Form 10-K.
Page(s) | |||||
PART I |
|||||
Item 1 |
Business | 2 - 75 | |||
Item 1A |
Risk Factors | 137 - 146 | |||
Item 1B |
Unresolved Staff Comments | Not applicable | |||
Item 2 |
Properties | 133 | |||
Item 3 |
Legal Proceedings | 133 | |||
Item 4 |
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 132 | |||
PART II |
|||||
Item 5 |
68 | ||||
Item 6 |
1 | ||||
Item 7 |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition |
2 - 75 | |||
Item 7A |
55 - 59 | ||||
Item 8 |
76 - 124 | ||||
Item 9 |
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting |
132 | |||
Item 9A |
148 | ||||
Item 9B |
Other Information |
Not applicable | |||
PART III |
|||||
Item 10 |
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 134, 151 - 152 | * | ||
Item 11 |
Executive Compensation |
* | |||
Item 12 |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners |
* | |||
Item 13 |
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |
* | |||
Item 14 |
Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
* | |||
PART IV |
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Item 15 |
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | 153 - 159 |
* | Pursuant to Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K, the remainder of the information to be provided in Item 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Form 10-K (other than information pursuant to Items 401(b) and 406 of Regulation S-K) is incorporated herein by reference to the registrants definitive proxy statement for its 2007 annual meeting of shareholders to be filed within 120 days of the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K. |
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CERTAIN REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS
General
The Company and its depository institution subsidiaries are subject to an extensive system of banking laws and regulations that are intended primarily for the protection of the customers and depositors of the Companys bank subsidiaries rather than holders of the Companys securities. Described below are the material elements of selected laws and regulations applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries. The descriptions are not intended to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the statutes and regulations described. Changes in applicable law or regulation, and in their application by regulatory agencies, cannot be predicted, but they may have a material effect on the business and results of the Company and its subsidiaries.
The Company is a bank holding company subject to the regulation and supervision of the Federal Reserve Board under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (BHC Act) and has qualified and elected to be treated as a financial holding company (a FHC) under the BHC Act. The Company is also subject to regulation by the New York State Banking Department (the NYSBD). Under the BHC Act, bank holding companies that are not FHCs are generally limited to engaging in the business of banking, managing or controlling banks, and other activities that the Federal Reserve Board has determined to be so closely related to banking as to be a proper incident thereto.
A bank holding company, such as the Company, may elect to be a FHC, which may engage in a broader range of financial activities than those traditionally permissible for U.S. bank holding companies that are not FHCs, if each of its insured depository institution subsidiaries (1) is well capitalized (i.e., has a Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 6%, a Total capital ratio of at least 10% and a leverage ratio of at least 5%), (2) is well managed under applicable law and regulation and (3) has received at least a satisfactory rating in its most recent examination under the Community Reinvestment Act. Under the BHC Act, a FHC may engage in any activity, or acquire and retain the shares of any company engaged in any activity, that is financial in nature or incidental to such financial activity (as determined by the Federal Reserve Board in consultation with the Department of the Treasury) without the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board. A FHC may also engage in any activity, or acquire and retain the shares of any company engaged in any activity, that is complementary to a financial activity and does not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally (as solely determined by the Federal Reserve Board) with the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board. Activities that are financial in nature include insurance, securities underwriting and dealing, and merchant banking. Under the merchant banking provisions of the BHC Act, qualifying FHCs may invest in companies that engage in activities that are not otherwise permissible subject to certain limitations and restrictions, including a requirement that the FHC limit the duration of its investment and refrain from routinely managing any company in which it invests.
A FHC that does not continue to meet all the requirements for FHC status will, depending on which requirements it fails to meet, lose the ability to undertake new activities or make acquisitions that are not generally permissible for bank holding companies or to continue such activities.
Both federal and state laws extensively regulate various aspects of the banking business, such as permissible loans, investments and activities, and impose reserve requirements. These laws are intended primarily for the protection of depositors rather than the Companys shareholders.
The Companys bank subsidiaries are subject to supervision and examination by applicable federal and state banking agencies. The Bank of New York (the Bank), the Companys principal banking subsidiary, is a New York chartered banking corporation, is a member of the Federal Reserve System and is subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve and the NYSBD. The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., which principally conducts a trust and custody business nationwide, is a national banking association subject to regulation, supervision and examination by Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the OCC), a bureau of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
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Under Federal Reserve Board policy, the Company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to its banks and to commit resources to support its banks, including in circumstances where it might not do so absent such policy. In addition, any loans by the Company to its banks would be subordinate in right of payment to depositors and to certain other indebtedness of its banks.
Acquisitions
Federal and state laws impose approval requirements for mergers and acquisitions involving depository institutions or bank holding companies. The BHC Act requires the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board for the direct or indirect acquisition of more than 5% of any class of the voting shares or all or substantially all of the assets of a commercial bank, savings and loan association or bank holding company. In reviewing bank acquisition and merger applications, the bank regulatory authorities will consider, among other things, the competitive effect of the transaction, financial and managerial issues including the capital position of the combined organization, convenience and needs factors, including the applicants record under the Community Reinvestment Act, and the effectiveness of the subject organizations in combating money laundering activities. In addition, other acquisitions by the Company may be subject to informal approval by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Capital Adequacy
The federal bank regulators have adopted risk-based capital guidelines for bank holding companies and banks. The minimum ratio of qualifying total capital (Total Capital) to risk-weighted assets (including certain off-balance sheet items) is 8%. At least half of the Total Capital must consist of common stock, retained earnings, qualifying noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, minority interests in the equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries and, for bank holding companies, a limited amount of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, trust preferred securities and certain other so-called restricted core capital elements less most intangibles including goodwill (Tier 1 Capital). The remainder (Tier 2 Capital) may consist of certain other preferred stock, certain other capital instruments, and limited amounts of subordinated debt and the allowance for loan and lease losses. Restricted core capital elements are currently limited to 25% of Tier 1 Capital and, beginning March 31, 2009, will be limited to 15% of Tier 1 Capital for internationally active banking organizations like the Company and the Bank.
In addition, the Federal Reserve Board has established minimum guidelines for the Leverage Ratio of Tier 1 Capital to average total assets for bank holding companies and banks. The Federal Reserve Boards guidelines provide for a minimum Leverage Ratio of 3% for bank holding companies and banks that meet certain specified criteria, including those having the highest supervisory rating. All other banking organizations will be required to maintain a Leverage Ratio of at least 4%. At December 31, 2006, the Federal Reserve Board had not advised the Company of any specific minimum Leverage Ratio applicable to it.
The guidelines also provide that banking organizations experiencing internal growth or making acquisitions will be expected to maintain strong capital positions substantially above the minimum supervisory levels, without significant reliance on intangible assets.
As discussed above, the Companys bank subsidiaries must be well capitalized for the Company to maintain its FHC status. In addition, as a practical regulatory matter, the Company must maintain capital ratios above well capitalized.
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, which it revised in December 2003 (FIN 46). One consequence of FIN 46 is that, effective December 31, 2003, the Company deconsolidated the statutory trusts which have issued trust preferred securities. As a result, the junior subordinated debentures held by the trusts are now reported on the Companys consolidated balance sheets. The Federal Reserve Board has, however, confirmed the continued qualification of trust preferred securities as Tier 1 Capital (subject to the restrictions described above) notwithstanding the change in accounting treatment.
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See Capital Resources in the MD&A section for a discussion of the Basel proposal to change the risk-based capital guidelines.
Prompt Corrective Action
The Federal Deposit Insurance Act (FDIA) requires, among other things, that federal banking regulators take prompt corrective action in respect of FDIC-insured depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. The FDIA specifies five capital tiers: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized. A depository institutions capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare to various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation.
Under applicable regulations, an FDIC-insured bank is deemed to be: (i) well capitalized if it maintains a Leverage Ratio of at least 5%, a Tier 1 Capital Ratio of at least 6% and a Total Capital Ratio of at least 10% and is not subject to an order, written agreement, capital directive, or prompt corrective action directive to meet and maintain a specific level for any capital measure; (ii) adequately capitalized if it maintains a Leverage Ratio of at least 4% (or a Leverage Ratio of at least 3% if it received the highest supervisory rating in its most recent report of examination, subject to appropriate federal banking agency guidelines, and is not experiencing or anticipating significant growth), a Tier 1 Capital Ratio of 4% and a Total Capital Ratio of at least 8% and is not defined to be well capitalized; (iii) undercapitalized if it has a Leverage Ratio of less than 4% (or a Leverage Ratio that is less than 3% if it received the highest supervisory rating in its most recent report of examination, subject to appropriate federal banking agency guidelines, and is not experiencing or anticipating significant growth), a Tier 1 Capital Ratio less than 4% or a Total Capital Ratio of less than 8% and it does not meet the definition of a significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized institution; (iv) significantly undercapitalized if it has a Leverage Ratio of less than 3%, a Tier 1 Capital Ratio of less than 3% or a Total Capital Ratio of less than 6% and it does not meet the definition of critically undercapitalized; and (v) critically undercapitalized if it maintains a level of tangible equity capital of less than 2% of total assets. A bank may be deemed to be in a capitalization category that is lower than is indicated by its actual capital position if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating. The FDIA imposes progressively more restrictive constraints on operations, management and capital distributions, depending on the capital category in which an institution is classified.
A depository institution that is not well capitalized is subject to certain limitations on brokered deposits. In addition, as indicated above, if a depository institution is not well capitalized, its parent holding company cannot become, and, subject to a capital restoration plan, cannot remain, a FHC.
The FDIA generally prohibits an FDIC-insured depository institution from making any capital distribution (including payment of dividends) or paying any management fee to its holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be undercapitalized. Undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to restrictions on borrowing from the Federal Reserve and to growth limitations, and are required to submit a capital restoration plan. For a capital restoration plan to be acceptable, any holding company must guarantee the capital plan up to an amount equal to the lesser of 5% of the depository institutions assets at the time it became undercapitalized and the amount of the capital deficiency at the time it fails to comply with the plan. In the event of the holding companys bankruptcy, such guarantee would take priority over claims of its general unsecured creditors. If a depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is significantly undercapitalized.
Significantly undercapitalized depository institutions may be subject to a number of requirements and restrictions, including orders to sell sufficient voting stock to become adequately capitalized, requirements to reduce total assets and cessation of receipt of deposits from correspondent banks. Critically undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to appointment of a receiver or conservator.
A further discussion of the Companys capital position and capital adequacy is incorporated by reference from Capital Framework in the MD&A Section.
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FDIC Insurance Assessments
Substantially all deposits of the Companys bank subsidiaries are insured up to applicable limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) of the FDIC and are subject to deposit insurance assessments to maintain the DIF. The Companys bank subsidiaries paid no deposit insurance assessments on their deposits under the risk-based assessment system utilized by the FDIC through December 31, 2006. In November 2006 the FDIC adopted a new risk-based insurance assessment system effective January 1, 2007 designed to tie what banks pay for deposit insurance more closely to the risks they pose. The FDIC also adopted a new base schedule of rates that the FDIC can adjust up or down, depending on the needs of the DIF, and set initial premiums for 2007 that range from 5 cents per $100 of domestic deposits in the lowest risk category to 43 cents per $100 of domestic deposits for banks in the highest risk category. The new assessment system is expected to result in increased annual assessments on the deposits of the Companys bank subsidiaries of 5 to 7 basis points per $100 of domestic deposits. An FDIC credit available to the Companys bank subsidiaries for prior contributions is expected to offset FDIC insurance assessments for 2007 and partially offset such assessments for 2008. Significant increases in the insurance assessments of the Companys bank subsidiaries will increase the Companys costs once the credit is fully utilized or otherwise disposed of.
The Deposit Insurance Funds Act of 1996 separated the Financing Corporation (FICO) assessment to service the interest on FICOs bond obligations from deposit insurance fund assessments. The amount assessed on individual institutions by the FICO will be in addition to the amount, if any, paid for deposit insurance according to the FDICs risk-related assessment rate schedules. FICO assessment rates may be adjusted quarterly to reflect a change in assessment base. The FICO annual assessment rate for the fourth quarter of 2006 was 1.24 cents per $100 of deposits and decreases to 1.22 cents for the first quarter of 2007.
Depositor Preference
The FDIA provides for a depositor preference on amounts realized from the liquidation or other resolution of any depository institution insured by the FDIC.
Cross Guarantee Liability of FDIC-Insured Bank Subsidiaries
A depository institution insured by the FDIC that is under common control with a failed or failing FDIC-insured institution can be required to indemnify the FDIC for losses incurred by, or reasonably expected to be incurred by, the FDIC resulting from the insolvency of the failed institution or from providing assistance to the failing institution, even if this causes the affiliated institution also to become insolvent. Any obligation or liability owed by a subsidiary depository institution to its parent company is subordinate to the subsidiarys cross-guarantee liability with respect to commonly controlled insured depository institutions and to the rights of depositors.
Restrictions on Transfer of Funds
Restrictions on the transfer of funds to the Company and bank subsidiary dividend limitations are discussed in Company Financial Information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Unsafe and Unsound Practices
The Federal Reserve Board has authority to prohibit state member banks and bank holding companies from engaging in any activity which, in the Federal Reserve Boards opinion, constitutes an unsafe or unsound practice in conducting businesses. The OCC and the NYSBD have similar authority with respect to national banks and New York chartered banking corporations, respectively.
Privacy
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLB Act) modified laws related to financial privacy. The GLB Act financial privacy provisions generally prohibit a financial institution, including the Company, from disclosing
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nonpublic personal financial information about consumers to unaffiliated third parties unless consumers have the opportunity to opt out of the disclosure. A financial institution is also required to provide its privacy policy annually to its customers. A number of state legislatures have adopted privacy laws, including laws prohibiting sharing of customer information without the customers prior permission, and other state legislatures are considering similar laws. These laws may make it more difficult for the Company to share customer information with its marketing partners, reduce the effectiveness of marketing programs, and increase the cost of marketing programs.
Anti-Money Laundering and the USA PATRIOT Act
A major focus of governmental policy relating to financial institutions in recent years has been aimed at combating money laundering and terrorist financing. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 (the USA PATRIOT Act) substantially broadened the scope of U.S. anti-money laundering laws and regulations by imposing significant new compliance and due diligence obligations, creating new crimes and penalties and expanding the extra-territorial jurisdiction of the United States. The U.S. Treasury Department has issued a number of implementing regulations which apply to various requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act to financial institutions such as the Companys bank, broker-dealer and investment adviser subsidiaries and mutual funds and private investment companies advised or sponsored by the Companys subsidiaries. Those regulations impose obligations on financial institutions to maintain appropriate policies, procedures and controls to detect, prevent and report money laundering and terrorist financing and to verify the identity of their customers. In addition, the bank regulatory agencies are imposing heightened standards, which have resulted in an increased number of regulatory sanctions and law enforcement authorities have been taking a more active role. Because the Bank is a major correspondent bank, a number of these new regulations and standards impose particularly heightened requirements. Certain of those regulations impose specific due diligence requirements on financial institutions that maintain correspondent or private banking relationships with non-U.S. financial institutions or persons. Failure of a financial institution to maintain and implement adequate programs to combat money laundering and terrorist financing could have serious legal and reputational consequences for the institution.
Community Reinvestment Act
The Community Reinvestment Act requires banks to help serve the credit needs of their communities, including providing credit to low and moderate income individuals and geographies. Should the Companys bank subsidiaries fail to serve adequately the communities they serve, potential penalties may include regulatory denials to expand branches, relocate, add subsidiaries and affiliates, expand into new financial activities and merge with or purchase other financial institutions.
Legislative and Regulatory Initiatives
Various legislative initiatives are from time to time introduced in Congress, and various regulatory initiatives are introduced, that would apply to the Company. The Company cannot determine the ultimate effect that any such potential legislation or regulations, if adopted, would have upon its financial condition or operations.
SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders of the registrant during the fourth quarter of 2006.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
There have been no events which require disclosure under Item 304 of Regulation S-K.
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At December 31, 2006 in New York City, the Company owned the forty-nine story building housing its executive headquarters at One Wall Street and an operations center at 101 Barclay Street. The Company leases the land at the 101 Barclay Street location under a lease expiring in 2080. In addition, the Company owns and/or leases administrative and operations facilities in New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Florida, Texas, California, Illinois, and the mid-south region of the U.S.; Brussels, Belgium; London, England; Liverpool, England; Manchester, England; Poole, England; Edinburgh, Scotland; Dublin, Ireland; Cork, Ireland; Luxembourg, Chennai, India; Tokyo, Japan; Singapore; Hong Kong and Shanghai, China. Other real properties owned or leased by the Company, when considered in the aggregate, are not material to its operations.
LEGAL AND REGULATORY PROCEEDINGS
In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are routinely defendants in or parties to a number of pending and potential legal actions, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants, and regulatory matters. Claims for significant monetary damages are asserted in certain of these actions and proceedings. In regulatory enforcement matters, claims for disgorgement and the imposition of penalties and/or other remedial sanctions are possible. Due to the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, the Company cannot ascertain what the eventual outcome of these matters will be; however, on the basis of current knowledge and after consultation with legal counsel, the Company does not believe that judgments or settlements, if any, arising from pending or potential legal actions or regulatory matters, either individually or in the aggregate, after giving effect to applicable reserves, will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or liquidity of the Company, although they could have a material effect on net income for a given period. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously against all of the claims asserted in these legal actions.
The Companys 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K disclosed investigations by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) of 1) the appropriateness of certain expenditures made in connection with marketing and distribution of the Hamilton Funds; 2) possible market-timing transactions cleared by Pershing LLC (Pershing); and 3) the trading activities of Pershing Trading Company LP, a floor specialist, on two regional exchanges from 1999 to 2004. As to market-timing, the Company has learned that the SEC is considering not pursuing the matter further.
Because the conduct at issue in the Pershing market timing and floor specialist investigations is alleged to have occurred largely during the period when Pershing was owned by Credit Suisse First Boston (USA), Inc. (CSFB), the Company has made claims for indemnification against CSFB relating to these matters under the agreement relating to the acquisition of Pershing. CSFB is disputing these claims for indemnification.
On January 9, 2007, the Company entered into a settlement with the SEC of its investigation of various auction agents in the auction rate securities market. Under the settlement, the Company agreed to pay $750,000 based on the Companys market share. As part of the settlement, the Company agreed (i) to provide broker-dealers with a written description of the auction agents revised practices and procedures for conducting auctions and (ii) to certify that the auction agents have implemented other procedures reasonably designed to detect and prevent future failures to conduct auctions in accordance with the auction agents revised practices and procedures.
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Thomas A. Renyi
Mr. Renyi, 60, has served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and The Bank of New York since at least 2001.
Gerald L. Hassell
Mr. Hassell, 55, has served as President of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and The Bank of New York since at least 2001.
Bruce W. Van Saun
Mr. Van Saun, 49, has served as Vice Chairman since November 2005. He served as Chief Financial Officer from at least 2001 to September 2006 of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and The Bank of New York. He served as Senior Executive Vice President of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and The Bank of New York from at least 2001 to 2005.
John M. Liftin
Mr. Liftin, 63, has served as Vice Chairman and General Counsel of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and The Bank of New York since April 2005. He served as Secretary of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. from April 2005 to April 2006. Mr. Liftin joined the Company from Prudential Financial, Inc., where he served as Senior Vice President and General Counsel from at least 2001 to 2005.
Thomas P. Gibbons
Mr. Gibbons, 49, has served as Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. since September 2006. He has served as Senior Executive Vice President of The Bank of New York since April, 2005 and as Chief Financial Officer since September 2006. He served as Executive Vice President of The Bank of New York from at least 2001 to 2005.
Thomas J. Mastro
Mr. Mastro, 57, has served as Comptroller of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. since 1999. He has served as Executive Vice President since 2004 and Comptroller since 1999 of The Bank of New York. He served as Senior Vice President of The Bank of New York from at least 2001 to 2004.
James R. Vallone
Mr. Vallone, 48, has served as Auditor of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and as Executive Vice President and Auditor of The Bank of New York since November 2006. He joined the Company from Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. where he served as Managing Director/Global Head of Control Risk and Business Process from 2005 to 2006, as Global Head of Business Continuity and Crisis Management from 2003 to 2005 and as Executive Assistant to the Chairman and CEO from 2000 to 2003. Mr. Vallone served as Global Head of Internal Audit in 2000 and prior years.
Donald R. Monks
Mr. Monks, 58, has served as Vice Chairman of The Bank of New York since November 2005 and as Chief Administrative Officer since July 2006. He served as Senior Executive Vice President from at least 2001 to 2005.
Brian G. Rogan
Mr. Rogan, 49, has served as Senior Executive Vice President of The Bank of New York since November 2005. He served as Executive Vice President from at least 2001 to 2005.
There are no family relationships between the executive officers of the Company. The terms of office of the executive officers of the Company extend until the annual organizational meeting of the Board of Directors.
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The proposed transaction between The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and Mellon Financial Corporation will be submitted to The Bank of New York Company, Inc.s and Mellon Financial Corporations shareholders for their consideration. Shareholders are urged to read the joint proxy statement/prospectus regarding the proposed transaction between The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and Mellon Financial Corporation because it will contain important information. Shareholders will be able to obtain a free copy of the joint proxy statement/prospectus, as well as other filings containing information about The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and Mellon Financial Corporation, without charge, at the SECs Internet site (http://www.sec.gov). Copies of the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other SEC filings that will be incorporated by reference in the joint proxy statement/prospectus will also be available, without charge, from The Bank of New York Company, Inc., Investor Relations, One Wall Street, 31st Floor, New York, New York 10286 (212-635-1578), or from Mellon Financial Corporation, Secretary of Mellon Financial Corporation, One Mellon Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15258-0001 (800-205-7699).
Directors and executive officers of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and Mellon Financial Corporation and other persons may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from the shareholders of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and/or Mellon Financial Corporation in respect of the proposed transaction. Information about the directors and executive officers of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. is set forth in the proxy statement for The Bank of New York Company, Inc.s 2006 annual meeting of shareholders, as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2006. Information about the directors and executive officers of Mellon Financial Corporation is set forth in the proxy statement for Mellon Financial Corporations 2006 annual meeting of shareholders, as filed with the SEC on March 15, 2006. Additional information regarding the participants in the proxy solicitation and a description of their direct and indirect interests, by security holdings or otherwise, will be contained in the joint proxy statement/prospectus when it becomes available.
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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AND RISK FACTORS
General
Some statements in this document are forward-looking. These include all statements about the future results of the Company, projected business growth, the expected outcome of legal, regulatory and investigatory proceedings, predicted loan losses, and the Companys plans, objectives and strategies. In this report, any press release or any oral statement that the Company or its executives may make, words such as estimate, forecast, project, anticipate, confident, target, expect, intend, think, continue, seek, believe, plan, goal, could, should, may, will, strategy, highly attractive, extraordinarily strong and rapidly growing competitor, synergies, opportunities, superior returns, well-positioned, pro forma and words of similar meaning, signify forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements, including the Companys discussions and projections of future results of operations and discussions of future plans contained in the MD&A and elsewhere in this Form 10-K, are based on managements current expectations and assumptions that involve risks and uncertainties and that are subject to change based on various important factors (some of which are beyond the Corporations control), including adverse changes in market conditions and the timing of such changes, and the actions that management could take in response to these changes. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied as a result of these risks and uncertainties. The Risk Factors discussed below could cause or contribute to such differences.
Investors should consider all risks mentioned elsewhere in this document and in the Companys other reports to the SEC, including subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K, its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and its Current Reports on Form 8-K, as well as other uncertainties affecting future results and the value of the Companys stock, including those discussed under Risk Factors below.
All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such forward-looking statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
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Making or continuing an investment in securities issued by the Company, including its common stock, involves certain risks that you should carefully consider. The following discussion sets forth some of the more important risk factors that could affect the Companys business, financial condition or results of operations. However, other factors besides those discussed below or elsewhere in this or other of the Companys reports filed or furnished with the SEC also could adversely affect the Companys business or results. We can not assure you that the risk factors described below or elsewhere in this document are a complete set of all potential risks that may face the Company.
Risks Related to the Mellon Merger and Swap Transaction with JPMorgan Chase
The Company may not be able to complete its merger with Mellon Financial Corporation in a timely manner or at all. The Company may not realize the expected financial benefits from the merger with Mellon Financial Corporation.
On December 3, 2006, the Company and Mellon Financial Corporation (Mellon) entered into a definitive agreement to merge. There can be no assurance that the merger will be completed. Government approvals may not be obtained or may not be obtained on the proposed terms or in the expected timeframe. The shareholders of the Company or of Mellon may not approve the merger. If the merger is approved and closed, the businesses of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and Mellon Financial Corporation may not be integrated successfully or the integration may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected. The combined company may not realize, to the extent or at the time we expect, revenue synergies and cost savings from the transaction. Deposit attrition, operating costs, customer losses and business disruptions following the transaction, including difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees, could be greater than expected.
The Company may not realize the expected financial benefits from the acquisition of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, which closed on October 1, 2006, if the Company fails to integrate the Acquired Corporate Trust Business successfully or if the Acquired Corporate Trust Business does not perform as well as the Company expects.
Achieving the expected benefits of this acquisition will require the Company to retain a substantial portion of the Acquired Corporate Trust Businesss current client base, to increase the revenue growth rate of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business and to retain key employees of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business. The scale, scope and nature of the integration and client retention efforts required as a result of the acquisition present a significant challenge to the Company. The Company may not be able to integrate the Acquired Corporate Trust Business on the expected schedule, realize the anticipated cost savings and economies of scale, or retain a significant number of clients of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, any of which could cause the Company not to realize expected benefits from the acquisition. The Company will also seek to move the records of some existing corporate trust clients to the JPMorgan Chase technology platform, which the Company is also acquiring. The integration of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business, including moving client records, could take longer than planned and be subject to unanticipated difficulties and expenses. It is possible that the transition of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business could adversely affect the Companys ability to maintain relationships with clients and that some Acquired Corporate Trust Business clients will elect other service providers. The Company could experience client attrition or revenue loss in the Acquired Corporate Trust Business in excess of its expectations. The integration process could also result in the loss of key Acquired Corporate Trust Business employees.
If the Company is unable to integrate the Acquired Corporate Trust Business successfully, then the Company may fail to realize the anticipated synergies and growth opportunities or achieve the cost savings and revenue growth the Company expects from the acquisition. Furthermore, the integration of the Acquired Corporate Trust Business will require a significant commitment of time and resources by the Companys management and other personnel, which could adversely affect its ability to service and retain its existing corporate trust clients and could divert the attention of management from its other businesses.
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Risks Related to the Companys Business
Global TrendsThe Companys business could be adversely affected if current global trends do not continue or if global business and economic conditions weaken.
The Companys businesses benefit from certain global trends, such as the growth of financial assets, creation of new securities, financial services industry consolidation, rapid technological change, globalization of investment activities, structural changes to financial markets including consolidation, shortened settlement cycles, straight-through processing requirements, and increased demand for outsourcing. The Company believes that these long-term trends all tend to increase the demand for the Companys products and services around the world. If these trends do not continue, then the Companys fee-based revenue growth may be adversely affected. In addition, if the financial markets continue to consolidate, the Company may lose customers or lose revenue associated with products that may no longer be in demand which may adversely affect the Companys revenue growth.
The Company expects that its businesses will benefit from worldwide pension reform that creates additional pools of assets that use custody and related services and investment management services. If the pace of pension reform and resulting programs, including growth of public and private pension plans, slows down or if substantial pension reform does not occur, particularly in markets in which the Company is active, then the Companys revenue growth may be adversely affected.
In addition, unexpected sustained weakness in business and economic conditions in any or all of the domestic or international financial markets in which the Company conducts its business could have one or more of the following effects:
| negative trends in savings rates or in individuals investment preferences causing customers to become risk adverse resulting in decreased demand for investment products or services offered by the Company; |
| decreased demand for custody and related services and investment management services as a result of slowed or halted inflows to pension plans; |
| increased credit costs and higher provision for credit losses as a result of lower credit quality of the Companys clients. |
CompetitionThe Company is subject to intense competition in all aspects of its business, which could negatively affect its ability to maintain or increase its profitability.
Many businesses in which the Company operates are intensely competitive around the world. Other domestic and international banks and financial service companies such as trading firms, broker dealers, investment banks, specialized processing companies, outsourcing companies, data processing companies and asset managers aggressively compete with the Company for fee-based business. The Company also faces competition from both unregulated and regulated financial services organizations such as mutual funds, insurance companies, credit unions, money market funds and investment counseling firms, whose products and services span the local, national and global markets in which the Company conducts operations. In addition, insurance companies, investment counseling firms, brokerage houses and other business firms and individuals offer active competition for personal trust services and investment counseling services.
Pricing pressures as a result of the ability of competitors to offer comparable or improved products or services at a lower price and customer pricing reviews may result in a reduction in the price the Company can charge for its products and services which would likely negatively affect the Companys ability to maintain or increase its profitability.
The Companys internal strategies and forecasts assume a growing client base and increasing client usage of its services. A decline in the pace at which the Company attracts new clients and a decline of the pace at which existing and new clients use additional services and assign additional assets to the Company for management or
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custody would adversely affect its future results of operations. A decline in the rate at which Company clients outsource functions, such as their internal accounting activities, would also adversely affect the Companys results of operations.
The Companys ability to successfully compete for business depends in part on its ability to develop and market new and innovative services, and to adopt or develop new technologies that differentiate its products or provide cost efficiencies. Rapid technological change in the financial services industry, together with competitive pressures, require the Company to make significant and ongoing investments to bring new services to market in a timely fashion at competitive prices. The Company cannot provide any assurance that its technology spending will achieve gains in competitiveness or profitability, and the costs it incurs in product development could be substantial. Accordingly, the Company could incur substantial development costs without achieving corresponding gains in profitability.
Dependence on fee-based businessThe Company is dependent on fee-based business for a substantial majority of its revenue and the Companys fee-based revenues could be adversely affected by a slowing in capital market activity, significant declines in market values or negative trends in savings rates or in individual investment preferences.
The Companys principal operational focus is on fee-based business, as distinct from commercial banking institutions that earn most of their revenues from traditional interest-generating products and services. The Company has redeployed its assets away from traditional retail banking to concentrate its resources further on fee-based businesses, including cash management, custody, mutual fund services, unit investment trusts, corporate trust, depositary receipts, stock transfer, securities execution and clearance, collateral management, and asset management.
Fees for many of the Companys products and services are based on the volume of transactions processed, the market value of assets managed and administered, securities lending volume and spreads, and fees for other services rendered. Corporate actions, cross-border investing, global mergers and acquisitions activity, new debt and equity issuances, and secondary trading volumes all affect the level of the Companys revenues. Asset-based fees are typically determined on a sliding scale so that, as the value of a client portfolio grows, the Company receives a smaller percentage of the increasing value as fee income. This is particularly important to the Companys asset management, global funds services and global custody businesses. Significant declines in the values of capital assets would reduce the market value of some of the assets the Company manages and administers and result in a corresponding decrease in the amount of fees the Company receives and therefore would have an adverse effect on the Companys results of operations. Similarly, significant declines in the volume of capital markets activity would reduce the number of transactions the Company processes and the amount of securities lending the Company does and therefore would also have an adverse effect on its results of operations.
The Companys business generally benefits when individuals invest their savings in mutual funds and other collective funds, in defined benefit plans, unit investment trusts or exchange traded funds. If there is a decline in the savings rates of individuals, or if there is a change in investment preferences that leads to less investment in mutual funds, other collective funds and defined contribution plans, the Companys revenues could be adversely affected.
The Companys fee-based revenues could be adversely affected by a stable exchange-rate environment or decreased cross-border investing activity.
The degree of volatility in foreign exchange rates can affect the amount of the Companys foreign exchange trading revenue. Most of the Companys foreign exchange revenue is derived from its securities servicing client base. Activity levels and spreads are generally higher when there is more volatility. Accordingly, the Company benefits from currency volatility and its foreign exchange revenue is likely to decrease during times of decreased currency volatility.
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The Companys future revenue may increase or decrease depending upon the extent of increases or decreases in cross-border or other investments made by the Companys clients. Economic and political uncertainties resulting from terrorist attacks, military actions or other events, including changes in laws or regulations governing cross-border transactions, such as currency controls, could result in decreased cross-border investment activity. Decreased cross-border investing could lead to decreased demand for investor services provided by the Company.
The trend towards use of electronic trade networks instead of traditional modes of exchange may result in unfavorable pressure on the Companys foreign exchange business which could adversely impact foreign exchange revenue.
The Companys ability to retain existing business and obtain new business is dependent on its consistent execution of the fee-based services it performs.
The Company provides custody, accounting, daily pricing and administration, master trust and master custody, investment management, trustee and recordkeeping, foreign exchange, securities lending, securities execution and clearance, correspondent clearing, stock transfer, cash management, trading and information services to clients worldwide. Assets under custody and assets under management are held by the Company in a custodial or fiduciary capacity and are not included in assets of the Company. If the Company fails to perform these services in a manner consistent with its fiduciary, custodial and other obligations, existing and potential clients may lose confidence in the Companys ability to properly perform these services and the Companys business may be adversely affected. In addition, any such failure may result in contingent liabilities that could have an adverse effect on the Companys financial condition or losses that could have an adverse effect on the Companys results of operations.
Interest Rate EnvironmentThe Companys revenues and profits are sensitive to changes in interest rates.
The Companys net interest income and cash flows are sensitive to interest rate changes, changes in valuations in the debt or equity markets and changes in customer credit quality, over which the Company has no control. The Companys net interest income is the difference between the interest income earned on the Companys interest-earning assets, such as the loans it makes and the securities it holds in its investment portfolio, and the interest expense incurred on its interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowed money. The Company also earns net interest income on interest-free funds it holds.
As a result of changes in interest rates, the Company may experience one or more of the following effects:
| changes in net interest income depending on the Companys balance sheet position at the time of change. See discussion under Asset/Liability Management elsewhere in this report; |
| reduced credit demand due to sustained higher interest rates; |
| an increased number of delinquencies, bankruptcies or defaults and more nonperforming assets and net charge offs as a result of abrupt increases in interest rates; |
| increased borrowing costs and reduced access to the capital markets caused by unfavorable financial conditions; |
| sustained lower interest rates, which may reduce the spread the Company earns on deposits; |
| a decline in the value of the Companys fixed income investment portfolio as a result of increasing interest rates; |
| decreased fee-based revenues due to a slowing of capital market activity or significant declines in market value. |
A more detailed discussion of the interest rate and market risks the Company faces is contained in the Risk Management section of this report.
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Capital AdequacyThe Company is subject to capital adequacy guidelines and, if it fails to meet these guidelines, its financial condition would be adversely affected.
Under regulatory capital adequacy guidelines and other regulatory requirements, the Company and the Bank must meet guidelines that include quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items, subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. From time to time, the regulators implement changes to these regulatory capital adequacy guidelines. If the Company or the Bank failed to meet these minimum capital guidelines and other regulatory requirements, their respective financial conditions would be materially and adversely affected. The regulatory accords on international banking institutions to be reached by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and implemented by the Federal Reserve may require the Company and the Bank to satisfy additional, more stringent, capital adequacy standards. The Company cannot fully predict the final form of, or the effects of, the regulatory accords or implementing regulations. Failure by the Bank to maintain its status as well capitalized and well managed, if unremedied over a period of time, would cause the Company to lose its status as a financial holding company and could affect the confidence of clients in the Company, thus also compromising its competitive position. Financial holding companies are permitted to engage in a wide range of financial activities, insurance, merchant banking and real estate investment that are not permissible for other bank holding companies and are also eligible for a streamlined review process for proposed acquisitions. See Certain Regulatory Considerations and Capital Resources elsewhere in this report.
Access to Capital MarketsIf the Companys ability to access the capital markets is diminished, the Companys business may be adversely affected.
The Companys business is dependent in part on its ability successfully to access the capital markets on a regular basis. The Company relies on access to both short-term money markets and long-term capital markets as significant sources of liquidity to the extent liquidity requirements are not satisfied by the cash flow from its consolidated operations. Events or circumstances, such as rising interest rates, market disruptions or an adverse change in the Companys credit ratings, or loss of confidence of debt purchasers or counterparties in the Company or in the funds markets, could limit the Companys access to capital markets, increase its cost of borrowing, adversely affect its liquidity, or impair its ability to execute its business plan.
AcquisitionsThe Companys acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses may not result in all of the benefits anticipated.
From time to time, to achieve its strategic objectives, the Company has acquired or invested in other companies or businesses. Since 1995, the Company has completed more than 90 acquisitions, particularly in the securities servicing and asset management businesses. In addition, the Company has entered into strategic joint ventures and alliances around the globe. The Company cannot assure you that it will realize, when anticipated or at all, the positive benefits expected as a result of its acquisitions or that any businesses acquired will be successfully integrated. Achieving the benefits of these acquisitions depends on many factors, including the successful and timely integration and, in some cases, the consolidation of products, operations and administrative functions, of two companies that have previously operated separately. Acquisitions entail numerous other risks, including the following: lower than expected performance or higher than expected costs in connection with acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses; possible loss of key employees and customers of the acquired company or business; difficulty entering new and unfamiliar markets; incurring undiscovered liabilities or operational risks associated with an acquired company or business; failure to integrate successfully any operations, personnel, services or products that we acquire; failure to achieve financial or operating objectives; the Companys ability to realize the growth opportunities of acquired businesses; and managements ability to achieve efficiency goals.
Failure to manage and integrate acquisitions successfully to avoid these risks could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition and operating results.
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The Company is subject to extensive government regulation and supervision.
The Company operates in a highly regulated environment, being subject to a comprehensive statutory regulatory regime as well as oversight by governmental agencies. In the United States, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to regulation by government authorities in the United States and abroad. Failure to comply with laws, regulations or policies could result in sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties and reputational damage, which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition and results of operations. Although the Company has policies and procedures designed to prevent any such violations, there can be no assurance that such violations will not occur. Laws, regulations or policies, including accounting standards and interpretations, currently affecting the Company and its subsidiaries may change at any time. Regulatory authorities may also change their interpretation of these statutes and regulations. Therefore, the Companys business may be adversely affected by future changes in laws, regulations, policies or interpretations or regulatory approaches to compliance and enforcement. See Certain Regulatory Considerations elsewhere in this report.
Monetary and Other Governmental PoliciesThe Companys business is influenced by monetary and other governmental policies.
The monetary, tax and other policies of the government and its agencies, including the Federal Reserve, have a significant impact on interest rates and overall financial market performance. Heightened regulatory scrutiny and increased sanctions, changes or potential changes in domestic and international legislation and regulation as well as domestic or international regulatory investigations impose compliance, legal, review and response costs that may impact the Companys profitability and may allow additional competition, facilitate consolidation of competitors, or attract new competitors into the Companys businesses. The cost of geographically diversifying and maintaining the Companys facilities to comply with regulatory mandates necessarily results in additional costs. See Certain Regulatory Considerations elsewhere in this report.
Operational RiskThe Company is exposed to operational risk as a result of providing certain services, which could adversely affect the Companys results of operations.
The Company is exposed to operational risk as a result of providing various fee-based services including certain securities servicing, global payment services, private banking and asset management services. Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from errors related to transaction processing, breaches of the internal control system and compliance requirements, fraud by employees or persons outside the corporation or business interruption due to system failures or other events. The Company continually assesses and monitors operational risk in its business and provides for disaster and business recovery planning including geographical diversification of its facilities; however, the occurrence of various events including unforeseeable and unpreventable events such as hurricanes or other natural disasters could still damage the Companys physical facilities or its computer systems or software, cause delay or disruptions to operational functions, impair the Companys clients, vendors and counterparties and negatively impact the Companys results of operations. Operational risk also includes potential legal or regulatory actions that could arise as a result of noncompliance with applicable laws and regulatory requirements which could have an adverse affect on the Companys reputation.
The Companys controls and procedures may fail or be circumvented.
Management regularly reviews and updates the Companys internal controls, disclosure controls and procedures, and corporate governance policies and procedures. Any system of controls, however well designed and operated, is based in part on certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurances that the objectives of the system are met. Any failure or circumvention of the Companys controls and procedures or failure to comply with regulations related to controls and procedures could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, results of operations and financial condition.
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The Companys information systems may experience an interruption or breach in security.
The Company relies heavily on communications and information systems to conduct its business. Any failure, interruption or breach in security of these systems could result in failures or disruptions in the Companys customer relationship management, general ledger, deposit, loan and other systems. While the Company has policies, procedures and technical safeguards designed to prevent or limit the effect of the failure, interruption or security breach of its information systems, there can be no assurance that any such failures, interruptions or security breaches will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed. The occurrence of any failures, interruptions or security breaches of the Companys information systems could damage the Companys reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject the Company to additional regulatory scrutiny, or expose the Company to civil litigation and possible financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial condition and results of operations. See the section captioned Certain Regulatory Considerations, elsewhere in this report.
TechnologyThe Company depends on technology and its intellectual property; if third parties misappropriate the Companys intellectual property, the Companys business may be adversely affected.
The Company is dependent on technology because many of the Companys products and services depend on processing large volumes of data. The Companys technology platforms must therefore provide global capabilities and scale. Rapid technological changes require significant and ongoing investments in technology to develop competitive new products and services or adopt new technologies. Technological advances which result in lower transaction costs may adversely impact the Companys revenues. In addition, unsuccessful implementation of technological upgrades and new products may adversely impact the Companys ability to service and retain customers.
Developments in the securities processing industry, including shortened settlement cycles and straight-through-processing, will necessitate ongoing changes to the Companys business and operations and will likely require additional investment in technology. The Companys financial performance depends in part on its ability to develop and market new and innovative services, to adopt or develop new technologies that differentiate its products or provide cost efficiencies and to deliver these products and services to the market at a competitive price.
The Company uses trademark, trade secret, copyright and other proprietary rights and procedures to protect its intellectual property and technology resources. Despite the Companys efforts, it cannot be certain that the steps it takes to prevent unauthorized use of its proprietary rights are sufficient to prevent misappropriation of its technology, particularly in foreign countries where laws or law enforcement practices may not protect its proprietary rights as fully as in the United States. In addition, the Company cannot be sure that courts will adequately enforce contractual arrangements it has entered into to protect its proprietary technologies. If any of the Companys proprietary information were misappropriated by or otherwise disclosed to the Companys competitors, its competitive position could be adversely affected. The Company may incur substantial costs to defend ownership of its intellectual property or to replace misappropriated proprietary technology. If a third party were to assert a claim of infringement of its proprietary rights, obtained through patents or otherwise, against the Company with respect to one or more of its methods of doing business or conducting its operations, the Company could be required to spend significant amounts to defend such claims, develop alternative methods of operations, pay substantial money damages or obtain a license from the third party.
Acts of TerrorismActs of terrorism may have a continuing negative impact on the Companys business.
Acts of terrorism could have a significant impact on the Companys business and operations. While the Company has in place business continuity and disaster recovery plans, acts of terrorism could still damage the Companys facilities and disrupt or delay normal operations, and have a similar impact on the Companys clients, suppliers, and counterparties. Acts of terrorism and global conflicts could also negatively impact the purchase of the Companys products and services to the extent they resulted in reduced capital markets activity, lower asset price levels, or disruptions in general economic activity in the United States or abroad, or in financial market
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settlement functions. The war in Iraq, global conflicts, the national and global efforts to combat terrorism and other potential military activities and outbreaks of hostilities have affected and may further adversely affect economic growth, and may have other adverse effects on the Company in ways that the Company is necessarily unable to predict.
Reputational and Legal RiskThe Companys business may be negatively affected by adverse publicity, regulatory actions or litigation with respect to the Company, other well-known companies and the financial services industry generally.
Adverse publicity and damage to the Companys reputation arising from its failure or perceived failure to comply with legal and regulatory requirements, actions of errant employees, financial reporting irregularities involving itself or other large and well known companies, increasing regulatory scrutiny of know your customer anti-money laundering and anti-terrorist procedures and their effectiveness, regulatory investigations of the mutual fund industry, including mutual funds advised by the Company, and litigation that arises from the failure or perceived failure of the Company to comply with compliance policies and procedures, could result in increased regulatory supervision, affect the Companys ability to attract and retain customers or maintain access to the capital markets, result in suits, enforcement actions, fines and penalties or have adverse effects on the Company in ways that are not predictable. Investigations by various federal and state regulatory agencies, the Department of Justice and state attorneys general, and any related litigation, could have an adverse effect on investment activity generally and on the Company.
On April 21, 2006, the Bank entered into a formal written agreement with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the New York State Banking Department, which imposed a number of reporting requirements and controls in connection with the Banks anti-money laundering program. The Agreement outlines a series of steps to strengthen and enhance the Banks compliance practices, systems, controls and procedures and remains in effect until terminated by the banking regulators. Failure to comply with the written agreement could result in sanctions, money penalties and reputational damage, which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Companys subsidiaries are subject to claims and litigation pertaining to fiduciary responsibility.
From time to time, customers of the Companys subsidiaries may make claims and take legal action pertaining to performance of fiduciary responsibilities. Whether customer claims and legal action related to the subsidiarys performance of its fiduciary responsibilities are founded or unfounded, if such claims and legal actions are not resolved in a manner favorable to the subsidiary they may result in material financial liability and materially impair the market perception of the Company and its products.
New lines of business or new products and services may subject the Company to additional risks.
From time to time, the Company may implement new lines of business or offer new products and services within existing lines of business. There are substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts, particularly in instances where the markets are not fully developed. In developing and marketing new lines of business and/or new products and services, the Company may invest significant time and resources. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new lines of business and/or new products or services may not be achieved and price and profitability targets may not prove feasible.
The Company may not be able to attract and retain skilled people.
The Companys success depends, in large part, on its ability to attract and retain key people. Competition for the best people in most activities engaged in by the Company can be intense and the Company may not be able to hire people or to retain them. The unexpected loss of services of one or more of the Companys key personnel could have a material adverse impact on the Companys business because of their skills, knowledge of the Companys market, years of industry experience and the difficulty of promptly finding qualified replacement personnel.
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Tax Laws and RegulationsTax law changes or challenges by federal or state authorities to the Companys tax positions with respect to historical transactions by federal or state authorities may adversely affect the Companys net income, effective tax rate and the Companys overall results of operations and financial condition.
The U.S. Treasury Department and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) have taken increasingly aggressive positions against certain corporate investment programs that either reduce or defer taxes. The IRS has challenged certain types of structured transactions including leasing investments referred to as LILOs, in which the Company engaged prior to mid-1999 and SILOs in which the Company engaged prior to 2004. See Commitments and Contingent Liabilities in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company has also entered into investments that produce synthetic fuel from coal byproducts. Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code provides a tax credit for these types of transactions. The amount of the credit is dependent on the amount of synthetic fuel produced by these investments. Synthetic fuel production can be impacted by mine, workforce, transportation, and weather conditions among other factors. The tax credits available under Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code for the production and sale of synthetic fuel produced in any given year are phased out if the reference price of a barrel of oil for that year falls above a specified, inflation-adjusted price range.
The Company estimates that the 2007 phase-out would begin if, for the entire calendar year of 2007, reference prices corresponding to popularly published spot prices of approximately $64 for a barrel of oil and the credit would fully phase-out at popularly published spot prices of $78 for a barrel of oil. To manage its exposure to oil prices in 2007, the Company entered into an oil-related option contract in January 2007. The synthetic fuel credit program terminates at the end of 2007. See the Managements Discussion and Analysis of the Companys Financial Condition and Results of Operations section regarding synthetic fuel credits.
The Company believes it has adequate tax reserves to cover the potential tax exposures the IRS is likely to raise. Probabilities and outcomes are reviewed as events unfold, and adjustments to the reserves are made when necessary, but the reserves may prove inadequate because the Company necessarily cannot accurately predict the outcome of any challenge, settlement or litigation or to what extent it will negatively affect the Company or its business.
Going forward, the Company anticipates it will have fewer opportunities to participate in lease investing, tax credit programs and similar transactions that have benefited the Company in the past. This may adversely impact the Companys net interest income and effective tax rate. In addition, changes in tax legislation or the interpretation of existing tax laws worldwide could have a material impact on the Companys results of operations.
Accounting PrinciplesChanges in accounting standards could have a material impact on the Companys financial statements.
From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, and bank regulators change the financial accounting and reporting standards governing the preparation of the Companys financial statements. These changes are very difficult to predict and can materially impact how the Company records and reports its financial condition and results of operations and other financial data, although, in certain instances, these changes may not have an economic impact on the Companys business. In some cases, the Company could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in the Company restating prior period financial statements.
Credit ReservesThe Company could incur income statement charges if its reserves for credit losses, including loan reserves, are inadequate.
The Company has credit exposure to the airline, automotive, and telecommunications industries, as well as to many other industries. The Company cannot provide any assurance as to whether charge-offs related to these
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sectors or to different credit risks may occur in the future. Though credit risk is inherent in lending activities, the Companys revenues and profitability are adversely affected when its borrowers default in whole or in part on their loan obligations to it. The Company relies on its business experience to estimate future defaults, which it uses to create loan loss reserves against its loan portfolio. It cannot provide any assurance that these reserves, based on management estimates, will not be required to be augmented due to an unexpectedly high level of defaults. If reserves for credit losses, including loan reserves, are not sufficient, the Company would be required to record a larger loan reserve against current earnings.
Holding CompanyThe Company is a holding company, and as a result is dependent on dividends from its subsidiaries, including the Bank, to meet its obligations, including its obligations with respect to its debt securities, and to provide funds for payment of dividends to its shareholders.
The Company is a non-operating holding company, whose principal asset and source of income is its investment in the Bank. The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank and its other subsidiaries and, therefore, it relies primarily on dividends from these subsidiaries to meet its obligations, including its obligations with respect to its debt securities, and to provide funds for payment of dividends to its shareholders, to the extent declared by its board of directors. There are various legal limitations on the extent to which the Bank and the other subsidiaries can finance or otherwise supply funds to the Company (by dividend or otherwise) and certain of its affiliates. Although the Company maintains cash positions for liquidity at the holding company level, if the Bank or other of the Companys subsidiaries were unable to supply the Company with cash over time, it could be unable to meet its obligations, including its obligations with respect to its debt securities, or declare or pay dividends in respect of its capital stock. See Certain Regulatory Considerations elsewhere in this report.
Because the Company is a holding company, its rights and the rights of its creditors, including the holders of its debt securities, to a share of the assets of any subsidiary upon the liquidation or recapitalization of the subsidiary will be subject to the prior claims of the subsidiarys creditors (including, in the case of the Bank and The Bank of New York (Delaware), their depositors), except to the extent that the Company may itself be a creditor with recognized claims against the subsidiary. The rights of holders of the Companys debt securities to benefit from those distributions will also be junior to those prior claims. Consequently, the debt securities of the Company will be effectively subordinated to all existing and future liabilities of the Companys subsidiaries. A holder of Company debt securities should look only to the Companys assets for payments in respect of those debt securities.
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The Company makes available on its website: www.bankofny.com
| All of its SEC filings, including annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to these reports, SEC Forms 3, 4 and 5 and its proxy statement as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC, |
| Its earnings releases and management conference calls and presentations, and |
| Its corporate governance guidelines and the charters of the Audit and Examining, Compensation and Organization, and Nominating and Governance Committees of its Board of Directors. |
The corporate governance guidelines and committee charters are available in print to any shareholder who requests them. Requests should be sent to The Bank of New York Company, Inc., Corporate Communications, One Wall Street, NY, NY 10286.
The Company has adopted a code of ethics which it refers to as its Code of Conduct. The Code of Conduct applies to all employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, including its Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer), Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) and Comptroller, as well as to directors of the Company. The Code of Conduct is posted on the Companys website http://www.bankofny.com and is also available in print, without charge, to any shareholder who requests it. Requests should be sent to The Bank of New York Company, Inc., Office of the Secretary, One Wall Street, NY, NY 10286. The Company intends to disclose on its website any amendments to or waiver of the Code of Conduct relating to executive officers (including the Specified Officers) or its directors.
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Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Companys Disclosure Committee, whose members include the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has responsibility for ensuring that there is an adequate and effective process for establishing, maintaining, and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in its SEC reports is timely recorded, processed, summarized and reported. In addition, the Companys ethics hotline can also be used by employees for the anonymous communication of concerns about financial controls or reporting matters. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Companys management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e). Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Companys disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may routinely modify, upgrade or enhance its internal controls and procedures for financial reporting. There have not been any changes in the Companys internal controls over financial reporting as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
Management Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
The Companys management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting that is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements and related notes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP).
The Companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
| Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; |
| Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that the Companys receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Companys management and directors; and |
| Provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Companys assets that could have a material effect on the Companys financial statements. |
Any system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility that a control can be circumvented or overridden and misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Also, because of changes in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time. Accordingly, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changed conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
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Management assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006. In making this assessment, the Companys management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, management believes that the Companys internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2006.
Managements assessment of the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered accounting firm, as stated in their attestation report on the following page.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To The Board of Directors and Shareholders of The Bank of New York Company, Inc.
We have audited managements assessment, included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting, that The Bank of New York Company, Inc. (the Company) maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Companys management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on managements assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating managements assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Because managements assessment and our audit were conducted to also meet the reporting requirements of Section 112 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act (FDICIA), managements assessment and our audit of The Bank of New York Company Inc.s internal control over financial reporting included controls over the preparation of financial statements in accordance with the instructions for the preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements for Bank Holding Companies (Form FRY-9C). A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, managements assessment that The Bank of New York Company, Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, The Bank of New York Company, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 and our report dated February 21, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
New York, New York
February 21, 2007
150
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized in New York, New York, on the 21st day of February, 2007.
The Bank of New York Company, Inc. | ||
By: |
/s/ THOMAS J. MASTRO | |
Thomas J. Mastro Comptroller |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been duly signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
Title |
Date | ||
/s/ THOMAS A. RENYI Thomas A. Renyi |
Chairman of the Board, |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ GERALD L. HASSELL Gerald L. Hassell |
President and Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ THOMAS P. GIBBONS Thomas P. Gibbons |
Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ THOMAS J. MASTRO Thomas J. Mastro |
Comptroller |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ FRANK J. BIONDI, JR. Frank J. Biondi, Jr. |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ NICHOLAS M. DONOFRIO Nicholas M. Donofrio |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ RICHARD J. KOGAN Richard J. Kogan |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ MICHAEL J. KOWALSKI Michael J. Kowalski |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ JOHN A. LUKE, JR. John A. Luke, Jr. |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ JOHN C. MALONE John C. Malone |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ CATHERINE A. REIN Catherine A. Rein |
Director |
February 21, 2007 |
151
Signature |
Title |
Date | ||
/s/ WILLIAM C. RICHARDSON William C. Richardson |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ BRIAN L. ROBERTS Brian L. Roberts |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ SAMUEL C. SCOTT III Samuel C. Scott III |
Director |
February 21, 2007 | ||
/s/ RICHARD C. VAUGHAN Richard C. Vaughan |
Director |
February 21, 2007 |
152
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Financial Statement Filed |
Pages | |
The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements |
76 - 80 | |
81 - 124 | ||
125 |
Financial statement schedules are omitted since the required information is either not applicable, not deemed material, or is shown in the respective financial statements or in the notes thereto.
Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company has filed or incorporated by reference certain agreements as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These agreements may contain representations and warranties by the parties. These representations and warranties have been made solely for the benefit of the other party or parties to such agreements and (i) may have been qualified by disclosures made to such other party or parties, (ii) were made only as of the date of such agreements or such other date(s) as may be specified in such agreements and are subject to more recent developments, which may not be fully reflected in the Companys public disclosure, (iii) may reflect the allocation of risk among the parties to such agreements and (iv) may apply materiality standards different from what may be viewed as material to investors. Accordingly, these representations and warranties may not describe the Companys actual state of affairs at the date hereof and should not be relied upon.
The exhibits filed as part of the 2006 Form 10-K are accessible at no cost on the Companys website at www.bankofny.com or through the United States Securities and Exchange Commissions website at www.sec.gov. Printed copies of the exhibits may be obtained by shareholders of record for $0.15 per page by writing to Bart Schwartz, Office of the Secretary, The Bank of New York Company, Inc., One Wall Street, New York, NY 10286.
The following Exhibit Index lists the Exhibits to the Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Exhibit No. | ||
2(a) | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated December 3, 2006 between Mellon Financial Company and The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on December 7, 2006. | |
3(a) | The By-Laws of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. as amended through April 12, 2005 incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2005. | |
(b) | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. dated May 8, 2001, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed June 7, 2001 (File No. 333-62516, 333-62516-01, 333-62516-02, 333-62516-03 and 333-62516-04). | |
4(a) | None of the outstanding instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of the Company represent long-term debt in excess of 10% of the total assets of the Company. The Company hereby agrees to furnish to the Commission, upon request, a copy of any of such instrument. | |
*10(a) | Trust Agreement dated November 16, 1993 (Trust Agreement) related to certain executive compensation plans and agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(m) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993. | |
*(b) | Amendment Number 1 dated May 13, 1994 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. |
153
Exhibit No. | ||
*(c) | Amendment Number 2 dated April 11, 1995 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(d) | Amendment dated October 11, 1994 to Trust Agreement related to certain executive compensation plans and agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(r) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. | |
*(e) | Amendment Number 4 dated January 31, 1996 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(f) | Amendment Number 5 dated January 14, 1997 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(g) | Amendment Number 6 dated January 31, 1997 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(h) | Amendment Number 7 dated May 9, 1997 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(h) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(i) | Amendment Number 8 dated July 8, 1997 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(j) | Amendment Number 9 dated October 1, 1997 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997. | |
*(k) | Amendment Number 10 dated September 11, 1998 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(oo) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998. | |
*(l) | Amendment Number 11 dated December 23, 1999 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(gg) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999. | |
*(m) | Amendment Number 12 dated July 11, 2000 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-Q for quarter ended September 30, 2000. | |
*(n) | Amendment Number 13 dated January 22, 2001 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(jjj) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000. | |
*(o) | Amendment Number 14 dated June 28, 2002 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(o) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(p) | Amendment Number 15 dated June 30, 2003 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(p) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(q) | Amendment Number 16 dated September 15, 2003 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(q) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. |
154
Exhibit No. | ||
*(r) | Amendment Number 17 dated June 10, 2004 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(r) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004. | |
*(s) | Amendment Number 18 dated June 29, 2005 to the Trust Agreement related to executive compensation agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(s) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
*(t) | Compensation Agreement dated April 17, 1997, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(g) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997. | |
*(u) | The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Contribution Plan as amended through July 10, 1990, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1990. | |
*(v) | Amendments dated February 23, 1994 and November 9, 1993 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Contribution Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993. | |
*(w) | Amendment to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Contribution Plan dated November 14, 1995, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(l) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997. | |
*(x) | Amendment to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Contribution Plan dated November 12, 2002, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(v) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(y) | Amendment to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Contribution Plan dated December 15, 2006. | |
*(z) | The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Benefit Plan as amended through December 8, 1992, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993. | |
*(aa) | Amendment dated May 10, 1994 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Benefit Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(g) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. | |
*(bb) | Amendment dated November 14, 1995 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Benefit Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995. | |
*(cc) | Amendment dated December 10, 1996 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Excess Benefit Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(kk) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999. | |
*(dd) | 2004 Management Incentive Compensation Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. as Amended and Restated, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2004. | |
*(ee) | The Bank of New York Company, Inc. 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to the Companys Definitive Proxy Statement dated March 31, 2003. | |
*(ff) | Amendment dated December 28, 2005 to the 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ee) to the Companys Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
*(gg) | Amendment dated December 15, 2006 to the 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. |
155
Exhibit No. | ||
*(hh) | 1988 Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended through December 8, 1992, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1992. | |
*(ii) | Amendment dated October 11, 1994 to the 1988 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(j) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. | |
*(jj) | The Bank of New York Company, Inc. 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(m) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1992. | |
*(kk) | Amendment dated October 11, 1994 to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(l) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. | |
*(ll) | Amendment dated December 10, 1996 to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(g) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(mm) | Amendment dated January 14, 1997 to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(h) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(nn) | Amendment dated March 11, 1997 to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(oo) | Amendment dated July 14, 1998 to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(z) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998. | |
*(pp) | Amendment dated July 11, 2000 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000. | |
*(qq) | Amendment dated December 15, 2006 to the 1993 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. | |
*(rr) | The Bank of New York Company, Inc. 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(aa) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998. | |
*(ss) | Amendment dated July 11, 2000 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000. | |
*(tt) | Amendment dated December 28, 2005 to the 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(qq) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
*(uu) | Amendment dated December 15, 2006 to the 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. | |
*(vv) | The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(n) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1992. |
156
Exhibit No. | ||
*(ww) | Amended and Restated Retirement Plan of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. dated December 21, 2006. | |
*(xx) | Amendment dated March 9, 1993 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(k) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993. | |
*(yy) | Amendment effective October 11, 1994 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(o) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. | |
*(zz) | Amendment dated June 11, 1996 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(aaa) | Amendment dated November 12, 1996 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(bbb) | Amendment dated July 11, 2000 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000. | |
*(ccc) | Amendment dated February 13, 2001 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ggg) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000. | |
*(ddd) | Amendment dated December 13, 2005 to The Bank of New York Company, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(yy) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
*(eee) | Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(s) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993. | |
*(fff) | Amendment dated November 8, 1994 to Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(z) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. | |
*(ggg) | Amendment dated February 11, 1997 to the Directors Deferred Compensation Plan for The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(j) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. | |
*(hhh) | Amendment to Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000. | |
*(iii) | Amendment dated November 12, 2002 to Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors of The Bank of New York Company, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(yy) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. | |
*(jjj) | Employee Severance Agreement dated July 11, 2000, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(g) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000. | |
*(kkk) | Employee Severance Agreement dated July 11, 2000, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(h) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000. | |
*(lll) | Employee Severance Agreement dated July 11, 2000, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(j) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000. |
157
Exhibit No. | ||
*(mmm) | Employee Severance Agreement dated July 8, 2003 for an executive officer of the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2003. | |
*(nnn) | Employee Severance Agreement dated July 1, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended for June 30, 2005. | |
*(ooo) | Letter Agreement with Releases, dated June 30, 2006, between The Bank of New York Company, Inc., and Joseph M. Velli, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on June 30, 2006. | |
*(ppp) | Employee Severance Agreement, dated July 11, 2000 between The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and Joseph M. Velli, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on June 30, 2006. | |
*(qqq) | Form of Remuneration Agreement dated October 11, 1994 between the Company and three of the five most highly compensated officers of the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(v) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. | |
*(rrr) | Description of Remuneration Agreement dated December 13, 2000 between the Company and an executive officer of the Company incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(iii) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000. | |
*(sss) | Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Registrants 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006. | |
*(ttt) | Form of Performance Share Agreement under the Registrants 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006. | |
*(uuu) | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the Registrants 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,2006. | |
(vvv) | Lease agreement dated July 16, 2004 between Suntrust Equity Funding, LLC and Tennessee Processing Center LLC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ooo) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
(www) | Master agreement dated July 16, 2004 between The Bank of New York Company, Inc., Tennessee Processing Center LLC, Suntrust Equity Funding, LLC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ppp) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
(xxx) | Real Estate Lease Dated February 27, 2006 between 4101 Austin Boulevard Corp. and Fructibail Invest, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(qqq) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
(yyy) | Real Estate Lease Waiver Agreement dated February 27, 2006 between 4101 Austin Boulevard Corp. and Fructibail Invest, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(rrr) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
(zzz) | Real Estate Sublease dated February 27, 2006 between The Bank of New York and Fructibail Invest, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(sss) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
(aaaa) | Real Estate Sublease Waiver Agreement dated February 27, 2006 between The Bank of New York and Fructibail Invest, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ttt) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. |
158
Exhibit No. | ||
(bbbb) | Supplemental Agreement dated February 27, 2006 by and among Fructibail Invest, 4101 Austin Boulevard Corp. and The Bank of New York, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(uuu) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
(cccc) | Guarantee of The Bank of New York Company, Inc. dated February 27, 2006, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(vvv) to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. | |
(dddd) | Purchase & Assumption Agreement, dated as of April 7, 2006 by and between The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase & Co., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on April 13, 2006. | |
(eeee) | Amended and Restated Purchase & Assumption Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2006, by and between The Bank of New York Company, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase & Co., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006. | |
(ffff) | Stock Option Agreement dated December 3, 2006, between Mellon Financial Corporation, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Company, Inc., as grantee, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on December 7, 2006. | |
(gggg) | Stock Option Agreement dated December 3, 2006, between The Bank of New York Company, Inc., as issuer, and Mellon Financial Corporation, as grantee, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on December 7, 2006. | |
12 | Statement - Re: Computation of Earnings to Fixed Charges Ratios | |
21 | Subsidiaries of the Registrant | |
23.1 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP | |
31(a) | Certification of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31(b) | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32(a) | Certification of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32(b) | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
* | Constitutes a Management Contract or Compensatory Plan or Arrangement |
| Filed herewith |
159